Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionA(第2課時(shí))

Ⅰ.根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出相應(yīng)的單詞和短語(yǔ)1.MarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveup______(幾個(gè))hourseachweektohelpothers.

several2.Igetsucha______(強(qiáng)烈的)______(感覺(jué))of__________(滿(mǎn)足)whenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookof___(高興)ontheir_______(主人)faces.3.Lastyear,shedecidedto______(參加……選拔)foravolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.

strongfeelingsatisfactionjoyowners’tryout4.Forexample,wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildreninthehospitalor_____(募集)moneyforhomelesspeople.5.Iwanttotravel_____(單獨(dú)).

raisealoneⅡ.將下列句子補(bǔ)充完整1.馬里奧喜愛(ài)動(dòng)物,想成為一名獸醫(yī)。Mariolovesanimalsandwants____ananimaldoctor.2.但是我想學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于如何照顧動(dòng)物的知識(shí)。ButIwanttolearnmoreabout______careforanimals.

tobehowto3.她仍舊每周一次去那里工作,幫助孩子學(xué)習(xí)讀書(shū)。Shestillworksthereonceaweek______kidslearn______.4.你可以請(qǐng)求醫(yī)院讓你看望孩子,讓他們高興起來(lái)。Youcould___hospitals_____youvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.

tohelptoreadasktolet考點(diǎn)1ownern.物主;主人*IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.每當(dāng)我看到那些動(dòng)物們好起來(lái),還有它們主人臉上喜悅的表情,一種強(qiáng)烈的滿(mǎn)足感便油然而生。*Sometimeshehadtodotheworkonhisowntime.有時(shí)候他必須在非工作時(shí)間里工作。*MrSmithownsalargefarminSeattle.史密斯先生在西雅圖擁有一個(gè)大農(nóng)場(chǎng)?！咀灾鳉w納】(1)owner為可數(shù)名詞,意為“物主;主人”。(2)owner的動(dòng)詞為own,意為“擁有”。own也可作為形容詞,意為“自己的”,一般用于形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格之后加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣?！炯磳W(xué)活用】①The______(own)oftheshopcameuptoseewhatwasthematter.②他多么想擁有自己的農(nóng)場(chǎng)呀!Howhewants______his____farm!③我爸爸正在攢錢(qián)來(lái)買(mǎi)一輛自己的小汽車(chē)。Myfatherissavingmoneytobuy_______car.

ownertoownownhisown考點(diǎn)2

raisev.

募集;征集*Wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.我們可以制訂計(jì)劃去看望生病住院的孩子們或者為無(wú)家可歸的人籌錢(qián)。*They’dliketohaveaschoolconcerttoraisemoneyforcharity.他們想開(kāi)個(gè)學(xué)校音樂(lè)會(huì)為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)募捐?！咀灾鳉w納】raise作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“募集;征集”。raisemoneyfor意為“為……籌錢(qián)”?！就卣寡由臁縭aise的其他意思【即學(xué)活用】①(2015·萊蕪中考)Ifyouneedtogototherestroominclass,please______yourhand.A.raise

B.rise

C.shake

D.wash【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。raise舉起,及物動(dòng)詞;rise舉起,不及物動(dòng)詞;shake握手,搖動(dòng);wash洗。句意:如果上課時(shí)你想去洗手間,請(qǐng)舉手?？瞻滋幰鉃椤芭e起”。故選A。②(2016·深圳中考)—Howdidyourclassraisemoneyforthepooroldmaninhospital?—WeorganizedabookfairontheplaygroundandsoldsomebooksandCDs.A.collect B.putup C.spend【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。collect收集,籌集;putup舉起,張貼,懸掛;spend花費(fèi)。句意:—你的同學(xué)們?cè)鯓訛獒t(yī)院里那個(gè)貧窮的老人籌款的?—我們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上組織了一個(gè)書(shū)籍展覽并且出售一些書(shū)和光盤(pán)。raise是動(dòng)詞,意為“籌集,募捐”;raisemoney和collectmoney都可表示“籌款”。故選A?！緜溥x要點(diǎn)】考點(diǎn)1

attheageof在……歲時(shí)*Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.她在四歲的時(shí)候就能獨(dú)立閱讀。*Thegirlcouldplaythepianowellattheageoffive.=Thegirlcouldplaythepianowellwhenshewasfive.那個(gè)女孩五歲的時(shí)候就能把鋼琴?gòu)椀煤芎??！咀灾鳉w納】(1)“attheageof+基數(shù)詞”意為“在……歲時(shí)”,相當(dāng)于when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)attheageof+基數(shù)詞=atage+基數(shù)詞。【即學(xué)活用】①M(fèi)ygrandfatherstartedtoworkwhenhewassixteen.(改為同義句)Mygrandfatherstartedtowork__________sixteen.②他27歲時(shí)成了一名醫(yī)生。Hebecameadoctor__________27.

attheageofattheageof考點(diǎn)2severalpron.幾個(gè);數(shù)個(gè);一些*MarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.河畔中學(xué)的馬里奧格林和瑪麗布朗每周都騰出幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間來(lái)幫助他人。*Sheinvitedseveralofherfriendstowatchtheshow.她邀請(qǐng)了她的幾個(gè)朋友去看表演。*—DoyouhaveanybooksaboutChinesehistory?你有關(guān)于中國(guó)歷史的書(shū)嗎?—Yes,Ihaveseveral.是的,我有幾本?！咀灾鳉w納】

several的兩種詞性(1)several作形容詞,意為“幾個(gè)的”,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);(2)several作代詞,意為“幾個(gè);數(shù)個(gè);一些”,既可指代人,也可指代物?！炯磳W(xué)活用】①他已經(jīng)交了幾個(gè)好朋友。Hehasmade______goodfriends.②你可以從中選擇一個(gè)或者幾個(gè)。Youcanchooseoneor________them.severalseveralof一、動(dòng)詞不定式【新知導(dǎo)引】根據(jù)要求補(bǔ)全下列句子,體會(huì)句中不定式的用法。①I(mǎi)hope_______(work)outside.②It’sdifficultforus_______(climb)thistallmountain.③Theirjobis______(give)goodservicetothecustomers.

toworktoclimbtogive④Wefounditeasy____________(understand)eachother.⑤ThedoctortoldMrBush______(give)upsmoking.⑥Theteacheraskedthekidsnot_______(make)anynoiseinclass.tounderstandtogivetomake⑦Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospital_______(cheer)themup.⑧Theydon’tknowwhere______(look)fortheirlostdog.

tocheertolook【知識(shí)詳解】【溫馨提示】(1)動(dòng)詞不定式(或短語(yǔ))作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ),而動(dòng)詞不定式(或短語(yǔ))放于后面。(2)不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),若動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞,則須有相應(yīng)的介詞。例如:Hehasnochairtositon.他沒(méi)有椅子坐。【拓展延伸】動(dòng)詞不定式的其他用法1.動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)(1)動(dòng)詞不定式的一般形式所表示的動(dòng)作,通常與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)(或幾乎同時(shí))發(fā)生,或是在它之后發(fā)生。*Isawhimgoout.我看見(jiàn)他出去了。(2)如果謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作(情況)發(fā)生時(shí),不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,這時(shí)不定式就要用進(jìn)行式。*Hepretendedtobereadingabookwhenshewentin.她進(jìn)去的時(shí)候他裝作正在看書(shū)。(3)如果不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前,就要用完成式。*I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.對(duì)不起讓你久等了。2.動(dòng)詞不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài)當(dāng)不定式邏輯上的主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式。*Heaskedtobesenttoworkinthecountryside.他請(qǐng)求被派往農(nóng)村工作。3.不定式符號(hào)to的保留問(wèn)題有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù),可以用to來(lái)代替前面的不定式,這種情況常出現(xiàn)在下列動(dòng)詞后:expect,prefer,care,mean,forget,want,wish,hope,try以及beglad/happy等。如果在省略的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中含有be,have,havebeen,這些詞要保留。*—Ididn’ttellhimthenews.我沒(méi)有告訴他那個(gè)消息?！狾h,yououghttohave.噢,你本應(yīng)告訴他的?！炯磳W(xué)活用】用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.MissGreenwanted_______(keep)thesecrettoherselfforever.2.Iwillusetheprizemoney______(pay)formyeducation.tokeeptopay3.Aftermuchthought,hedecided_________(notbuy)thecar.4.Weneedsomevolunteers_______(clean)upthecitypark.5.DidMrBrownadviseyouwhat_____(do)next?

nottobuytocleantodo二、短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞【新知導(dǎo)引】根據(jù)要求補(bǔ)全下列句子,并體會(huì)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。①我們應(yīng)當(dāng)聽(tīng)他們說(shuō),關(guān)心他們。Weshould_______themand_______them.②米歇爾盡最大努力讓他們高興起來(lái)。Michaeldidhisbestto_____________.

listentocareforcheerthemup③我把我的自行車(chē)捐贈(zèng)給了一家兒童之家。I_________mybiketoachildren’shome.④他們的房子和我們的一樣,但我們的更大一些。Theirhouse__________ours,butoursisbigger.⑤一些老年人不盼望過(guò)春節(jié)。Someoldpeopledon’t______________celebratingtheSpringFestival.

gaveawayissimilartolookforwardto【知識(shí)詳解】1.概念短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是指英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞和其他詞類(lèi)一起連用,構(gòu)成一個(gè)固定詞組,可看成一個(gè)整體,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)單獨(dú)的動(dòng)詞,這種組合稱(chēng)之為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。2.分類(lèi)及用法(1)“動(dòng)詞+介詞”(相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞):常見(jiàn)的有:lookat(看……);lookfor(尋找);lookafter(照顧);dependon(依靠);askfor(請(qǐng)求;詢(xún)問(wèn));agreewith(同意)等。這種類(lèi)型的短語(yǔ)后接賓語(yǔ),且賓語(yǔ)無(wú)論是何種形式,一律放在介詞后面。(2)“動(dòng)詞+副詞”:①常見(jiàn)的相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)后跟賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)若為名詞,則名詞常放于短語(yǔ)后面,也可放在動(dòng)詞與副詞中間;若賓語(yǔ)為代詞,則只能放在動(dòng)詞與副詞中間。②常見(jiàn)的相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞的這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)有:getup(起床);lookout(當(dāng)心,小心);runaway(逃跑);holdon(稍等;別掛斷);getdown(下來(lái))等。這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)后不跟賓語(yǔ)。(3)“動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞”(相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞):常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有:lookforwardto(盼望);catchupwith(趕上);comeupto(走近);goonwith(繼續(xù));runoutof(用光;耗盡);lookdownupon(瞧不起)等。這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)后跟賓語(yǔ),且賓語(yǔ)必須放在介詞后。(4)“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”(相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞):常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)有:takecareof(照顧);payattentionto(注意);takepartin(參加);makeuseof(利用);takenoticeof(注意)等。這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)后跟賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)放在介詞后。(5)“系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞”:常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)有:besimilarto(與……相像);bestrictin/with(在……方面嚴(yán)格/對(duì)……嚴(yán)格);befamiliarwith(熟悉);bedifferentfrom(與……不同);befullof(裝滿(mǎn))等。這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)要跟賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)放在介詞后?！炯磳W(xué)活用】1.(2015·鄂州中考)—Ihopetobeavolunteeronweekends.—Youcouldhelpto______thecityparks.A.cheerup

B.makeup

C.takeup

D.cleanup【解析】選D?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:——在周末我希望成為一名志愿者。——你可以幫忙打掃城市公園。cheerup意為“使振奮”;makeup意為“編造”;takeup意為“占據(jù)”;cleanup意為“打掃”;故選D。2.Thestoryissoboring.Noone______it.A.isfamousfor B.isdifferentfromC.isinterestedin D.isbadfor【解析】選C?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)辨析。befamousfor以……而出名;bedifferentfrom和……不同;beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣;bebadfor對(duì)……不利。