目錄

2000年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2001年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2002年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2003年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2004年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2005年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2006年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2007年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2008年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2009年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2010年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英語考研真題及詳解

2011年北京外國語大學(xué)611英語基礎(chǔ)測試(技能)考研真題及詳解

2012年北京外國語大學(xué)611英語基礎(chǔ)測試(技能)考研真題及詳解

2013年北京外國語大學(xué)611英語基礎(chǔ)測試(技能)考研真題及詳解

2014年北京外國語大學(xué)611英語基礎(chǔ)測試(技能)考研真題及詳解

2015年北京外國語大學(xué)611英語基礎(chǔ)測試(技能)考研真題及詳解

2000年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英

語考研真題及詳解

I.ReadingComprehension.(32分)

1.Readthefollowingarticleandparaphrasetheunderlinedparts:

Thetwenty-firstcenturywillmarktheeraoftertiaryandlifelong

learningforeverybody-oralmosteverybody.ThustheWestReportfrom

Australia,echoingakeythemeoftheimmediatelyprecedingDearingReport

intheUK①(NationalCommitteeofInquiryintoHigherEducation

[NCIHE],1997).

Thenotionoflifelonglearninghaspervadedhighereducationaround

theworldasgovernmentshaveincreasinglycometorecognizealink

betweentheireducationsystemsandnationaleconomicperformance.

However,policyrelatingtotheactualmakingofthelinkneedsdeeper

consideration.Thedevelopmentofkeyskills’hasbeenseenintheUKasan

importantwayinwhichhighereducationcancontributetoeconomic

development,butitcanbearguedthattofocusontheseskillsrepresentsa

narrowandinsufficientresponsetowhatemployers-andthewiderinterest-

reallyneed(seeStephenson’s[1998]argumentfora‘capability’approachto

highereducationand,morebroadly,thediscussioninpart2ofBarnett

[1994].Howeverthecontestednatureofthisaspectofhighereducation

mightberesolved,currentdiscussionshaveleftrelativelyunexploredthe

broaderimplicationsforcurricula②and,inparticular,forfist-cycle

provision.

Inearliertimesmanytooktheviewthatafirstdegree③wasa

sufficientbasisforlifetimecareer.Theacceleratingpaceofknowledge

developmenthasunderminedthisconception,andincreasingattentionisnow

beinggiventotheprovisionofhigherdegreeprogramsandother

opportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopment.Thisraisesaseriousquestion:

whatfunctiondoesthefirstdegreeserveinthecontextoflifelonglearning?

Logically,itmakesnosenseintoday’sworldtotrytopackfirstdegree

curriculawithalltheknowledge,understandingandskillsneedfortherestof

alifetime.Theresimplyisnotthetimeavailable,andanywaycurriculum-

packingrunstheriskofsuperficialityoflearning.④Afirstdegreeshould,if

theyhavenotalreadyacquiredit,developinstudentstheabilitytolearnhow

tolearn,aswellasenhancetheirsubject-specificexpertiseandotherrelevant

skills.Theoldsayingisvalidhere:givingindividualseachafishmightfeed

themforaday,butteachingthemtheskillsoffishingcouldfeedthemfor

life.

Thereisaneedtothinkofthefirstdegreeintermsofthequality,rather

thanthequantity,ofstudents’learning,Intoday’sworldthefirstdegree

becomesmoreofafoundationqualification,uponwhichgraduateswill

expecttobuildduringtheirlives.Somemightreactbysayingthattomake

suchashiftimpliesadilutionofacademicstandards—butthecounteristhat

standardsrelateprimarilytothequality,andnotthequantity,ofstudents’

learning.⑤Thereconstruedfirstdegreeneedbenointellectualpoor

relation:academicrigourcanbebuiltintocurriculaofwidelydifferingfocus.

Thestandardsmaywellbedifferent,buttheydohavetobeinferior.

Somereductioninthevolumeofdiscipline-specificcontentwillrequire

anadjustmentofthought⑥—inparticular,onthepartofemployersand

professionalbodies.Theprofessionalaccreditationofsomefirstdegree

programsisseenbysomeasanessentialcondition.However,thereseemsno

necessaryreasonforthistobethecase-anditmightwellbetothe

professions’longer-termadvantageiffirstdegreecurriculaweretopay

particularattentiontodevelopingingraduatestheabilitytolearntolearn,⑦

leavingsubsequentprofessionalanddevelopmentalactivitiestoprovidethe

‘topping-up’thatwouldcoherewiththeprofessionalbodies’expectations.

Astrategicvisionforhighereducationinthenextmillenniumrequires

morethanamutteringofthemantraoflifelonglearning.Makinglifelong

learning‘workdemandsasustainedcommitmenttofittingtogetherthepieces

ofthemultidimensionaljigsawwhosecomponentsincludeeducational

purposes,valuesandpracticalities.Academicsareamongthepeoplewho

oughttorelishthisjigsaw’schallenge.

Whippier-snapper:aninsignificant,esp.young,personwhoappears

impertinent.

【答案】

①repeatingthemainsubjectofrecentDearingReportintheUK

②Discussionofthepresenttimepaysnoattentiontotheexaminationof

thedeeperimpliedmeaningandfunctionofcourses,nomatterhowpeople

havedealtwiththeproblemthathighereducationservesasskilltraining.

③bachelor’sdegree

④Toomanycoursesmayleadtotheresultthatstudentsonlygetthe

surfacemeaningofstudiesinsteadofexploringdeep.

⑤theargumentisthatstandardsshouldratherbaseontheexcellencyof

students’learningthanonthequantityofcoursestheyhaveattendedto

⑥Peopleneedtoadjusttheirthoughttodecreasetheamountand

contentofcourses.

⑦ifcoursesweredesignedtoteachthegraduateshowtolearnduring

thebachelor’sdegreestudy,itwouldbehelpfultotheprofessionsfromthe

long-termperspective

II.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthefollowingquestions:(28

分)

WhenthatGrandoldManofVictorian,WilliamEvartGladstone,wasin

his85thyear,hewassteeringthesecondhome-rulebillfoeIrelandthrougha

recalcitrantparliamentandgoinghometotranslatetheodesofHoraceat

night,WhenRonaldReaganreachedthetenderageof73,hewasfightinghis

secondpresidentialelectioncampaign.AlanGreenspan,theworld’smost

successfulcentralbanker,isalso73.Politicsandeconomicsareplainlyjobs

thattheoldcandowell.Theyarenotalone.Theboardroomsoftheworld’s

bigcompaniesarefullofnon-executivesages,tellingwhippersnapper40-

somethingshowtoruntheirfirms.①

Why,then,aresofewoftherichworld’solderfolkinemployment?

Theylivelongerandenjoybetterhealththantheirparentsdid.Mostjobs

havebecomelessphysicallydemanding;mostpeopleinlatemiddleageare

wellsensibly,isnoharderthantrainingtheyoung.Butthefiguresshowan

1960,mencouldexpecttospend50oftheir68yearsoflifeinpaidwork.

Today,theyarelikelytoworkforonly38oftheir76years.Fewerthantwo-

thirdsofmenintheirlate50aandearly60sateintherichworld’slabour

force,bythetimetheycelebratetheir55thbirthday,morethanhalfof

Europe’smenhavegonehometotranslateHorace.②

Formost,thatissomethingtocelebrate.Neverbeforehavesomany

peoplebeenabletolookforwardtosomanyyearsofhealthyleisure.Two-

thirdsofpeoplesaythattheylikebeingretiredandhavenodesiretogoback

towork.Therearegrandchildrentoenjoy,foreigncountriestovisit,booksto

readandgolfgamestoplay.Thepleasuresofoldagelessexpensive,and

morewidelyavailable,thaneverbefore.③Silver-hairedlining

Thebigquestioniswhetherallofthisretirementisvoluntary.Itisworth

askingforitsownsake;inaliberalsociety,theold,too,shouldbefreeto

choose.But,inaddition,thestampedetoretirehasconsequencesnotmerely

fortheoldthemselves.Anditisoftenbeingencouragedbyperversepublic

policy.

Widespreadandearlyretirementwillincreasinglyaffectthelivesof

everyoneelse,fortworeasons.Thefirstisafamiliarone:astheshareofold

folkinthepopulationrises,sowilltheburdenontheyoungofpayingfor

theirpensionsandhealthcare.Thesecondislessdiscussed:theriseofthe

grey-headedleisuredclasshasconsequencesforeconomicgrowth,because

ofitsimpactonthesupplyoflabourandofcapital.

Manygovernments,theireyesfocusedontheimpactthatfuture

pensionsclaimswillhaveonpublicfinances,haveembarkedonreformsbut

notalwaysreformsthatfivepensionersafreerchoice.Fortheireyesarealso

trainedintheshorterterm,onhighunemployment.④Governments,

especiallyinwesternEurope,arepressingmorepeopletoretireearly,onthe

mistakenviewthatthiswillprovidejobsfortheyoung,evenastheytryto

trimpensioners’entitlementsinordertoreducetheburdenonpublic

finances.Thisisunforgivablefromaliberalpointofview.Itisalsofoolish

fromtheperspectiveofpublicpolicy.

Thesheersizeofthebaby-boomgenerationthatstartstoteach

retirementageoverthecomingdecademeansthattherewillbeasimple,but

hugeimbalance:toofewpeopleinwork,payingtaxesandpension

contributions;toomanyinretirement,drawingonpensionsandrunningup

healthcosts.Inthatcase,themainalternativeswillbetorenegeonthe

pensionsthatworkersthoughttheyhadbeenpromised,ortoraisetaxes.It

wouldbefarbetterforthehealthofeconomiesifmucholderpeoplewenton

workinginstead.Quitesmallrisesintheagesatwhichpeopleretirehave

largeeffects.⑤Aslongasolderfolkstayinthejobmarket,theypaytaxes

(helpingonesideofthefiscalbalance)anddraweithernopension,ora

smallerone(helpingtheother).

Governmentsshouldrecognizethatpeople(likepoliticians)wouldprefer

todecideforthemselveswhentoretire.AtPresent,thechoiceis,perversely,

biasedinfavourofretirement.Forexample,inmanycountries,the

opportunitycostofworkingbeyondtheminimumretirementageishigh:

workersmustoftenleavethejobmarketinordertoreceiveastatepension,

andevenwherethisisnotthecase,theyrarelyearnanyextrapensionfor

theiradditionaltaxesandcontributions,Iftheyclaimdisabilitybenefit,as

manyintheirlate50sandearly60sdo,theirpensionrightsarerarely

affected.Suchperverseincentivesshouldbereplacedwithneutrality.

Employers,oftenurgedonbytradeunions,alsoputobstaclesoftheir

owninthewayofolderworkers.Pensionschemesbasedondefinedbenefits

makeitdisproportionatelyexpensivetoofferjobstoolderpeople.Pay

schemesthatrewardlongsservicemorethatmeritandproductivitymakeit

disproportionatelycostlytokeepolderworkersonthepayroll.⑥Andsheer

discrimination,formallybannedintheunitedStatesbutflourishinginmost

countries,persuadesmanyolderfolktogohomeratherthanriskprobable

rebuff.

Wouldsuchchangescoax60-oldsoffthegolfcourse?InAmerica,

wherejobsforolderworkersareplentifulandthegovernmentisscrapping

thetaxdisincentivesforolderfolktowork,earlyretirementhasbeguntofall.

Givepeopleachoice,andtheymightsurpriseyou.

Answerthefollowingquestions.

1.Theboardroomsoftheworld’sbigcompaniesarefullofnon-

executivesages,tellingwhippersnapper40-somethingshowtoruntheir

firms.

(1)whatisthemeaningof“boardroom”inthissentence?

(2)whatismeantby“non-executivesages”?

(3)whatismeantby“whippier-snapper40something’s”?

【答案】

(1)Boardroomistheroominwhichthemeetingsoftheboardof

directorsofacompanyareheld.

(2)Itmeanswisementhatarenotexecutives.Itreferstotheoldmen.

(3)Itreferstoyoungerpeoplearound40whoarenotsoexperienced.

2.Bythetimetheycelebratetheir55thbirthday,morethanhalfof

Europe’smenhavegonehometotranslateHorace.Dotheyreallygohometo

translatepoetry?Whatdotheydo?

【答案】No.Thewritermeansthat,theoldgohometoenjoythemselves

anddowhateverappealtothem,suchasreading.

3.Thepleasuresofoldagearelessexpensive,andmorewidely

available,thaneverbefore.Explaintheideaofthissentenceinyourown

words.

【答案】Nowadays,theoldareabletoretireearlierthaneverbefore,as

therearesomanyyoungpeoplewaitingtobeemployed.Andtheyareableto

enjoytheirleisuretime,whichhasneverbeensoeasilyachieved.For

example,theycanplaywiththeirgrandchildrenandplaygolfgames.

4.Fortheireyesarealsotrainedintheshorterterm,onhigh

unemployment.Whatisthemeaningofthissentence?

【答案】Theyareonlyconcernedthattherearenowsomanypeople

unemployedandthustheoldshouldretire,becausetheyarenarrow-minded

andarenotabletoperceivethewholematterfromalong-termperspective.

5.Quitesmallrisesintheagesatwhichpeopleretirehavelargeeffects.

Explaininyourownwords.

【答案】Ifpeopleretirealittlebitlater,itwillgreatlyinfluencethe

currentsituation.

6.Payschemesthatrewardlongservicemorethanmeritand

productivitymakeitdisproportionatelycostlytokeepolderworkersonthe

payroll.

(1)whyisitverycostlytokeepolderworkersonthepayroll?

(2)whatismeantby“tokeep…..onthepayroll”?

【答案】

(1)Itiscostlytohireolderworkersbecauseofthepayschemeinwhich

timeofserviceisemphasizedinsteadofcapacityandproductivity.

Consequently,theytendtohavehigherwages.

(2)Itmeanstohireolderworkers.

7.Doestheauthorofthisarticleadvocatethatworkersreaching

retirementageshouldstayontheirjobs?Ifso,why?Ifnot,whatdoeshe

advocate?

【答案】Yes.Headvocatesthatoldpeoplecontinuetoworkbecause

theirearlyretirementmeansfewerpeopleatwork,payingtaxesandpension

contributions,whilemorepeopledrawingonpensionsandrunninguphealth

costs.Consequently,theeconomyisnotbalanced.Theauthorinsiststhat

peopleshouldbegiventherighttomaketheirownchoicewhetherto

continuetoworkornot.

III.TranslatethefollowingChinesepassageintoEnglish.(40分)

從誕生的那天起，人類就開始一刻也不停地創(chuàng)造著他的文明。從埃

及的金字塔到中國的萬里長城，從達(dá)芬奇名畫中蒙娜麗莎那微笑到梵高

那色彩斑斕的向日葵，從撼人心魄的英雄交響曲到動(dòng)人的天湖，從《荷

馬史詩》到《紅樓夢》，無一不是前人留給后世的寶貴遺產(chǎn)。

就中國人而言，對(duì)秦始皇兵馬俑，我們有無限的贊嘆，對(duì)于萬里長

城我們有無限的自豪。但對(duì)于我們的無形遺產(chǎn)、曾經(jīng)塑造了我們民族精

神的——儒家、道家文化，我們卻知之甚少。傳統(tǒng)中的視個(gè)人道德為人

生的最高價(jià)值所在，已在“現(xiàn)代生活”中成為笑談。我們不僅在生活方式

上盲目地追求西方，不僅說著寫著已經(jīng)歐化的句子，而且在文學(xué)、歷

史、哲學(xué)這些人文學(xué)科領(lǐng)域里，到處用著西方的理論、術(shù)語。我們這里

并不是反對(duì)西方的東西，西方的這些理論都是世界文化遺產(chǎn)的一分子，

我們也應(yīng)該加以保護(hù)和繼承。但是，一個(gè)民族之所以成其為一個(gè)民族，

必須有其自身的東西。我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真地研讀和思考本民族的文化典籍，

在繼承與更新中把其中所銘刻的文化脈絡(luò)延續(xù)下去。

【參考譯文】

Fromthebeginningofitsbirth,mankindhasbeenintheircontinuous

effortstocreateitscivilization.FromthePyramidsinEgypttotheGreatWall

inChina,fromtheMonaLisa’ssmileinthewell-knownpaintingofDaVinci

tothecolorfulsunflowersofVincentVanGogh,fromthesoul-stirring

“HeroicSymphony”tothemoving“SwanLake”,fromIliadandOdysseyto

DreamoftheRedChamber,allaretreasurablelegacyleftbyancestorsto

latergenerations.

AsChinese,wemarvelatEmperorQin’sterra-cottawarriorsandhorses

andtakeprideintheGreatWall.However,weknowlittleoftheinvisible

legacy—thecultureofConfucianismandTaoism,whichhasmoldedour

nationalspirit.Ithasbecomeajokein“modernlife”toconsiderindividual

moralitythehighestvalueoflife.Wenotonlyfollowblindlythewestin

lifestyleandspeakandwriteEuropeanizedsentences,butalsoadoptwestern

theoriesandtermsinthefieldsofhumanitiessuchasliterature,historyand

philosophy.Wedonotmeantodenywesternthingsthatshouldalsobe

protectedandinherited,forallthewesterntheoriesarepartoftheworld

culturalheritage.Nevertheless,onlywithsomethinguniquethatbelongsto

itsownanationcanbecalledanation.Weshouldstudyandthinkover

carefullynationalculturalclassicstocarrytheirculturalessenceforwardby

inheritanceandinnovation.

2001年北京外國語大學(xué)611基礎(chǔ)英

語考研真題及詳解

I.ReadingComprehension(35%)

Anationdivided

Whattodoabouttheeverwideninggulfbetweenrichandpoor?

MortimerB.Zuckerman

Wearebecomingtwonations.Theprosperousarerapidlygettingmore

prosperousandthepoorareslowlygettingpoorer.GeorgeW.Bushdidwell

torebukehispartywhenHouseRepublicansmaneuveredtobalancethe

budgetbyproposingtodelaytheearnedincometaxcreditfortheworking

poor—payingitinmonthlyinstallmentsratherthananannuallumpsum.“I

don’tthinktheyoughttobalancethebudgetonthebacksofthepoor,”Bush

said.Instead,itistimeforaspiringleaderstoponderhowthetwonations

mightmorecloselybecomeone.

TheAmericaneconomyisgrowingdramatically.Butthisprosperityis

beingdistributedveryunevenly.TheAmericathatisdoingwellisdoingvery

wellindeed.Butmostbenefitshavegonetothosewhoworkinindustries

wherethemainproductisinformation.Thelosershavebeentheproducersof

tangiblegoodsandpersonalservices—eventeachersandhealthcare

providers.Thehigh-techinformationeconomyhasbeengrowingat

approximately10timestherateoftheolderindustrialeconomy.Ithas

enjoyedsubstantialjobgrowth,thehighestproductivitygains(about30

percentayear),andbiggerprofits.Itcanthereforeaffordbiggerwagegains

(aboutfourtimesthatoftheoldereconomy).Andthiswagegapislikelyto

widenforyearstocome.

Therichgetricher.Theconcentrationofwealthisevenmoredramatic.

NewYorkUniversityeconomistEdwardWolffpointsoutthatthetop20

percentofAmericansaccountformorethan100percentofthetotalgrowth

inwealthfrom1983to1997whilethebottom80percentlost7percent.

Anotherstudyfoundthatthetop1percentsawtheirafter-taxincomejump

115percentinthepast22years.Thetopfifthhaveseenanafter-taxincrease

of43percentduringthesameperiodwhilethebottomfifthofallAmericans

—includingmanyworkingmothers—haveseentheirafter-taxincomesfall9

percent.Theresultisthat4outof5households—some217millionpeople

—willtakehomeathinnersliceoftheeconomicpiethantheydid22years

ago.

Therearethosewhopointoutthattheseincomefiguresdonotfully

reflecttheimprovementinthestandardoflivingandsaythatattentionshould

bepaidtowhatAmericansown,whattheybuy,andhowtheylive,afair

point.Twoeconomists,W.MichaelCoxandRichardAlm,haverevealedthat

eachpersonintheaveragehouseholdtodayhas814squarefeetofliving

spacecomparedwith478squarefeetin1970;that62percentofall

householdsowntwoormorevehiclescomparedwith29percentbackthen;

thatthenumberofgasrangeshasincreasedsixfold,airtravelfourtimes,and

themedianhouseholdwealth—i.e.,thefamilyrightinthemiddle—has

jumpeddramatically.Evengivensuchimprovementsinlifequality,our

publicpolicymustnotexacerbatethedisproportionateconcentrationsof

wealth.

Fortunately,Americansarepragmatists.Theyknowthatwhatyouearn

dependsonwhatyoulearn,especiallyinadigitaleconomy;so83percentof

ourchildrennowcompletefouryearsofhighschool,comparedwith55

percentin1970.Thisisgoodnews.Butvastnumbersofpeoplefeel

marginalizedinaninformation-basedeconomy.Fortoomany,workno

longerprovidesthekindsofwagesandpromotionsthatallowthemto

achieveeconomicsuccessorsecurity.Wageincreasesdonotsubstantially

increasetheirrealincome,sotheyhavetoworklongerhours,getahigher-

payingshift,orfindanotherjob.Thesearethepeoplewhoareparticularly

concernedaboutthebenefitstheystandtogainfromMedicareandSocial

Security.Iftheydomanagetoputtogetherasuccessfulstrategytosurvive,

theyshouldnotbehitwithsuddenshocks—likethedenialofthelump-sum

taxcredit.

BushmayhavediscomfitedhisRepublicancolleagues,buthiswords

servedtoremindthattheyareoutoftouchwiththerealitiesoflifeforso

manyAmericans.Helatersoftenedhiscriticism,butitistime,nevertheless,

foramoregenerousleadershipfromtheHouseRepublicans.Theyshouldnot

berateBush.Indeed,theymaywellfindthemselvesinhisdeptshouldhis

appealtothecenterofAmericanpoliticsprovidethemthecoattailstheywill

needwhenvotersheadtothepollsinjustoverayear.

1.ExplaintheunderlinedpartinEnglish,bringingouttheimplied

meaning,ifthereisany:(22%)

(1)Idon’tthink...ofthepoor.(3%)

(2)Theresultis...22yearsago.(3%)

(3)afairpoint(2%)

(4)ourpublicpolicy...wealth(3%)

(5)vastnumbers...economy(3%)

(6)Theseare...SocialSecurity.(3%)

(7)Theymaywellfind...overayear.(3%)

【答案】

(1)Idon’tthinkthat,bymakinguseofthepoor,i.e.bydelayingthe

earnedincometaxcredit,theycanmaketheamountofmoneythatthey

spendequaltotheamountofmoneyavailable.

(2)Consequently,comparedwith22yearsago,fourfifthsoffamilies,

whichareabout217millionpeople,willearnlessmoneynow.

(3)That’sareasonablepoint.

(4)Thesituationofsharpdivisionbetweentherichandthepooris

alreadyquiteunpleasant.Thepolicymadebythegovernmentmustnotmake

thissituationworse.

(5)Manypeoplefeelthattheyhavebeencastasideunfairlyandbecome

unimportantandpowerlessintheeconomythatinformationisofforemost

value.

(6)Itisthesepeoplewhoareingenuineneedand.payspecialattention

totheadvantagesthataretoenjoyfromsuchwelfareasMedicareandSocial

Security.

(7)Bush’sfavorablepolicyforthepoormayequiptheRepublicanswith

thesupportfrommiddleandlowclassesandthushelpthemwiththesuccess

intheHouseelectioninaboutoverayear.Ifthisisthecase,theyowetheir

successtoBush’spolicy.

2.Answerhefollowingquestionsbrieflyandtothepoint(13%)

(1)Whatdoesitmeanbythetitle“ANationDivided”?(3%)

(2)Whatisthemainreasonforthewideninggapofincome,according

tothewriter?(5%)

(3)Howdoesthewriterproposetosolvetheproblem?(5%)

【答案】

(1)Itmeansthat,aspeopleintheU.S.aredividedintotwogroups,the

richandthepoor,U.S.A.isdividedintotwoparts.

(2)Themainreasonisthedevelopmentofhigh-techinformation

economy,whichenjoysrapidgrowthrate,highproductivityandbigprofit.

Thus,workersinthisfieldcanearnmorewages.Gapofincomewillcontinue

towidenasinformationindustryisstillgrowingrapidly.

(3)Hisproposalisasfollows:firstly,toacquiremoreknowledgeand

improvepersonalqualificationsoastobewellpreparedforthedigital

economy,for“whatyouearndependsonwhatyoulearn.”Secondly,

governmentshouldnotdoanythingtohinderthemiddleandlowclass’s

effortstoimprovetheirlifequality,butrathershoulderitsresponsibilityto

helpthepoorintheformofwelfaresuchasMedicareandSocialSecurity.

II.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.(25%)

1.Ican’tthankyouenough.(2%)

【答案】真是感激不盡。

2.Hesuggestedtomethatmorewastobegainedthanlostbyfull

disclosure.Icouldnothaveagreedmore.(2%)

【答案】他建議我將此事完全公開，這樣做更有好處。我很同意他

的說法。

3.Theycouldhardlyhavebeenmorewrong.(2%)

【答案】他們錯(cuò)得不能再錯(cuò)了。

4.Theconspiratorshadgangedtogether,theirconfidencegrowingwith

theirnumber.(2%)

【答案】同謀者們聚集在了一起。隨著人數(shù)的增加，他們的信心也

在不斷膨脹。

5.Greedofmoneyisnotoneofhisfaults.(2%)

【答案】他并不貪財(cái)。

6.Theconventionboughttime;itcouldnotbringsettlement.(2%)

【答案】這次會(huì)議只會(huì)耽誤時(shí)間而不會(huì)有任何結(jié)果。

7.ThetreatywasapprovedbytheSenate,withonlyonevotetospare.

(2%)

【答案】參議院以只有一張反對(duì)票的結(jié)果通過了這一條約。

8.Weagreetodisagreewithoutbeingdisagreeable.(2%)

【答案】我們都認(rèn)為和氣議事。

9.Hispastisnomoreimmunetoscrutinythananyoneelse’s.(2%)

【答案】像其他人一樣，他的過去也遭到了詳細(xì)審查。

10.HeknewthatIknewthatheguessedthatIhadguessed“Mister

Williams”wasBillStephenson.(2%)

【答案】對(duì)于我知道他已猜到我認(rèn)為威廉姆先生就是比爾·斯蒂芬森

這一點(diǎn)，他是充分了解的。

11.ThenovelsofTerror,setinsomevaguebutpicturesqueforeign

countryandinsomevaguebutpicturesquehistoricperiod,toldofhaunted

castlesandsinistermonksandmysteriouscrimesandhigh-bornvillains

intentontheruinofhigh-bornbeautifulmaidens.(5%)

【答案】恐怖小說以某一不確定但獨(dú)具風(fēng)格的外域領(lǐng)土及歷史階段

為背景，所講述的是關(guān)于鬼魂出沒的城堡，險(xiǎn)惡的僧人，神秘的罪惡，

以及出身上流社會(huì)的惡棍想方設(shè)法使高貴且美麗動(dòng)人的少女墮落的故

事。

III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.(40%)

秋風(fēng)里的巴黎

一下飛機(jī)，已經(jīng)感覺到了巴黎的秋末了，刮起了略寒的風(fēng)，空氣中

水分很足，潤潤的。冷風(fēng)突然叫我興奮起來：我終于來到心向往之的世

界最美的城市——巴黎。我輕輕地喚醒自己：“巴黎就在眼前”。

說到法國人，人們馬上就會(huì)聯(lián)想到他們的浪漫、幻想，聯(lián)想到拿破

侖，聯(lián)想到伏爾泰，當(dāng)然，也會(huì)想到《巴黎圣母院》中的美麗少女和善

良的打鐘人……

第二天，隨“歐洲非常之旅”車隊(duì)到凱旋門拍外景，一路上看到了熟

悉的艾菲爾鐵塔、盧浮宮、圣母院大教堂、還有很多叫不出名的古典建

筑、博物館和紀(jì)念館。巴黎的著名景觀很集中，有點(diǎn)像北京的天安門廣

場，站在一個(gè)地方向四周一看，全都是名勝古跡。

拍攝車隊(duì)開車?yán)@巴黎最著名的協(xié)和廣場一圈，四周到處是著名景

點(diǎn)。協(xié)和廣場與凱旋門遙遙相對(duì)，兩者以繁盛的香榭麗舍大道連接，廣

場一帶的建筑物很古雅，襯托著這里的噴泉和銅像，充滿歐洲的藝術(shù)色

彩。矗立于廣場中心的紀(jì)念碑，是1831年埃及“贈(zèng)送”給法國的紀(jì)念碑。

此座古跡有三千三百多年歷史。從這里前往香榭麗舍大道，熙來攘往的

車輛及遠(yuǎn)處的凱旋門，讓人感受到蘊(yùn)藏在這個(gè)繁鬧大都市中的那一種難

以形象的藝術(shù)魅力。面向凱旋門朝左前方眺望，還可以看到巴黎鐵塔。

我們來到與鐵塔同為法國巴黎象征的凱旋門。這是當(dāng)年拿破侖為紀(jì)

念法軍戰(zhàn)勝奧俄聯(lián)軍而建造的。凱旋門高45米，門頂是一個(gè)眺望臺(tái)，可

以看到香榭麗舍大道和12條以凱旋門為中心，向四面八方伸展的放射形

大道的全景。門內(nèi)則有一把永恒之火，是紀(jì)念1914年至1918年第一次世

界大戰(zhàn)為國捐軀的軍人而點(diǎn)燃。

【參考譯文】

ParisintheWindofAutumn

Ongettingofftheplane,withthefairlycoldwindandwateryair,Ihad

feltthelateautumninParis.Thecoldwindmademeexcited:Ihadcometo

themostbeautifulcityintheworldthatIhadbeendreamingabout—Paris.

GentlyIcalledtomyself,“Parisisbeforeyoureyes.”

TalkingaboutFrenchmen,peoplewillthinkinstantlyoftheirromantic

andimaginativenature,NapoleonandVoltaire.Ofcourse,peoplewillalso

recallthebeautifulmaidenandkind-heartedbell-ringerinTheHunchbackof

Notre-Dame…

Thenextday,followingthemotorcadeof“SpecialTriptoEurope”,I

cametotheArchofTriumphforoutdoorsceneshooting.OnthewayIsaw

thefamiliarEiffelTower,theLouvre,Notre-DamedeParisandmanyclassic

buildings,museumsandmemorialswhosenamesIcouldnottell.Likethe

Tian’anmenSquareinBeijing,thewell-knownscenicspotsinParisare

centralized.Ifyoustoodatacertainplace,lookingaround,allthatyoucould

catcharescenicspotsandhistoricsites.

ThemotorcadeforshootingdrovearoundthemostprestigiousPlacede

laConcordeinParis,whichwassurroundedbyfamoussights.ThePlacede

laConcordestoodoppositetheArchofTriumphandthetwowerelinkedby

theprosperousChamps-ElyseesAvenue.Thebuildingsaroundthesquare

wereclassicanddelicate,whichsetoffthefountainsandbronzestatuesand

coloredeverythingwithEuropeanartisticflavor.Thememorialinthecenter

ofthesquare,whichwas“presented”byEgyptin1831,hadahistoryofover

3300years.Ifyouareheadingfort