PAGE專題08閱讀理解之略讀閱讀理解題題樣多，難度大，涉及面廣。今天主要討論的是閱讀技巧問題，怎樣可以提高閱讀速度。根據閱讀題材閱讀目的不同，應該采取不同的閱讀技巧。同時，也要根據不同目的適時調整閱讀速度。這里我們介紹一種很常見的快速閱讀技巧：略讀。Part1概念略讀又稱跳讀(readingandskipping)或瀏覽(glancing)，是一種專門的，非常實用的快速閱讀技能。所謂略讀，是指以盡可能快的速讀閱讀，如同從飛機上鳥瞰(bird'seyeview)地面上的明顯標志一樣，迅速獲取文章大意或中心思想。換句話說，略讀是要求有選擇地進行閱讀，可跳過某些細節(jié)，以求抓住文章的大概，從而加快閱讀速度。據統計，訓練有素的略讀者(skimmer)的閱讀速度可以達到每分鐘3000到4000個詞。在略讀過程中，一般可運用以下技巧：以一般閱讀速度，閱讀文章開頭的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意，背景情況，作者的文章風格，口吻或語氣等;閱讀段落的主題句和結論句。抓住主題句就掌握了段落大意，然后略去細節(jié)不讀，以求得略讀速度;根據文章的難易程度和這到的目的，不斷靈活地調整閱讀速度;注意轉折詞和序列詞。轉折詞如however,moreover,inaddition等，序列詞firstly,secondly等;根據文章的難易程度和要回答的問題，不斷靈活地調整閱讀速度;若無需要，不必閱讀細節(jié)。Part2略讀技巧略讀又稱跳讀或瀏覽，是一種專門的、非常實用的快速閱讀技能。所謂略讀，是指以盡可能快的速度閱讀，如同從飛機上鳥瞰地面上的明顯標志一樣，迅速獲取文章大意或中心思想。換句話說，略讀是要求讀者有選擇地進行閱讀，可跳過某些細節(jié)，以求抓住文章的大概，從而加快閱讀速度。略讀使用的范圍很多。通常在時間有限而又需要閱讀大量材料的情況下，或者你想了解一些文章是否對你的研究課題有用時，你都有可能使用此閱讀技巧。略讀可以運用下列技巧：1.注意留心文章標題，小標題和字幕說明，同時思考文章的主題和題材。還要利用印刷細節(jié)，如書或文章的標題、副標題、小標題、斜體詞、黑體詞、腳注、標點符號等，對書和文章進行預測略讀。預測略讀要了解作者的思路、文章方式（模式），以便把握大意，有關的細節(jié)及其相互關系。舉例來說，各種文體的寫作特點明顯會給你有所提示的。記敘文突出細節(jié)的閱讀和基本內容的理解。重點注意主要人物的言行，事件的起因、時間、地點。通過人物的言行，事情的經過去理解人或事物的意義。描寫文閱讀注意力集中在人或物的特點或特征描寫。說明文說明文旨在說明或解釋事物的性質、特征和內在的聯系。閱讀重點為尋找和歸納主題句或結論。議論文闞明事物的性質，表明作者的觀點和看法。指導學生重點捕捉作者的觀點。閱讀注意力集中在首尾段，注意分清主要段落和次要段落。2.一般說來，文章開頭總是很重要的?？梢砸暂^慢的閱讀速度（200-250wpm），閱讀文章開頭的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意、背景情況。作者的文章風格、口吻或語氣等也會有所體現。無論作者的語氣是輕松愉快還是尖銳諷刺，作者的態(tài)度是肯定支持還是懷疑否定，都會對你理解整篇文章有很大的幫助。3.養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀習慣。不要逐字逐字閱讀，讓眼睛掠過文章，刻意留心重要詞匯。每個人都有此閱讀能力。就像在你生活中，你會很隨意的瀏覽廣告牌，布告欄上的文字。眼睛掃過去，整個信息已經進入眼簾。所以，相信自己你有這個能力的?，F在你要做的是加強這方面的訓練。很容易可以找到一本此類方面的書，你可以循序漸進的練習。通過擴大眼睛的注視范圍，來提高閱讀能力。很自然地，每一次兩個單詞，三個單詞，四個單詞，或者更多單詞會映入眼簾。這樣的練習會幫助你減少閱讀疲勞感，同時還會增強眼睛與大腦之問傳遞信息的能力。4.注意轉折詞和序列詞。關聯詞使文章的句子，段落形成一個有機的整體，服務一個主題，表明文中句段的開啟、轉折、延伸、因果等邏輯關系。尋讀關聯詞，會幫助你弄清文章的語言層次，明晰局段之間的邏輯關系，從而快速準確了解文章的中心意思和作者寫作意圖?！纠?】WhenIwas17，IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay，oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay．Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath．OnasunnySaturday，SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum．Sheasked，"Doyouhavetheaddress？""No，butI'llrecognizeit，therewasapictureinthemagazine．"Oh，stop．Thereitis！"Themuseumwasfree．Weentered，excited．Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalkingandstaredatus．"MayIhelpyou？"amanasked．"No，"Isaid．"we'refine．"Tourguidesgotonmynerves．Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren'tthatinterestedin？Sallyhadgoneupstairs．Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy（愛窺探的），keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity．Whatwastheirproblem？Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom．SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme．"Wheredoyouthinkyouare？"heasked．Iturnedsharply．"TheMcNayArtMuseum！"Hesmiled，shakinghishead．"Sorry，theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet．""what'sthisplace？"Iasked，stillconfused．"Well，it'sourhome．"Myheartjolted（震顫），Iracedtothestaircaseandcalledout，"Sally!Comedownimmediately!"There'ssomereallygoodstuff（藝術作品）upthere．"Shesteppeddown，lookingconfused．Ipushedhertowardthefrontdoor，wavingatthefamily，saying，"Sorry，pleaseforgiveus，youhaveareallyniceplace．"Outside，whenItoldSallywhathappened，shecoveredhermouth，laughing．Shecouldn'tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything．TherealMcNaywassplendid，butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere．VanGogh，Picasso．Thistime，westayedtogether，incaseanythingelseunusualhappened．Thirtyyearslater，awomanapproachedmeinapublicplace．"Excuseme，didyoueverenteraresidence，longago，thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum？""Yes．Buthowdoyouknow？Wenevertoldanyone．""Thatwasmyhome．Iwasateenagersittinginthehall．Beforeyoucameover，IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin．Ineverfeltluckybefore．Youthoughtitwasamuseum．Myfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat．I'vealwayswantedtothankyou．"（1）WhatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNay？A．Shewasapainter．B．Shewasacommunityleader．C．Shewasamuseumdirector．D．Shewasajournalist．（2）Whydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse？A．Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy．B．Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers．C．Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman．D．Shemistookhimforatourguide．（3）Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehall？A．Puzzled．B．Concerned．C．Frightened．D．Delighted．（4）WhydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords？A．Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther．B．Shewastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum．C．TheMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse．D．Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant．（5）Whatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph？A．Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife．B．Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily．C．Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem．D．Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum．【詳解】本文主要講述作者和薩利驅車去參觀麥克內伊博物館的故事．由于博物館是免費的，她們進去時，大廳里的人們停止了談話，盯著他們．她們看了很長時間，最后才知道這是一個私人的民宅．1．A．細節(jié)理解題．根據第一段WhenIwas17，IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay，oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay（當我十七歲時，我讀到一篇關于麥克內伊博物館的雜志文章，以前是一位名叫瑪麗麥克內伊水彩畫家的家）可知，A項正確．2．D．細節(jié)理解題．根據第四段Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren'tthatinterestedin（如果他們對一幅你不感興趣的畫談論很長時間你會怎么辦呢）可知，D項正確．3．A．細節(jié)理解題．根據第四段Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy，keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity．Whatwastheirproblem（大廳里的人們看來愛窺探，他們的眼睛好奇地看著我．他們的問題是什么）可知，A項正確．4．D．推理判斷題．根據第五段"There'ssomereallygoodstuffupthere．"Shesteppeddown（她退出來說："那里確實有一些好藝術作品"）及Shecouldn'tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything（她不敢相信他們什么也沒說讓我們四處看了那么長時間）可知，D項正確．根據第六段排除A、B、C項．5．C．推理判斷題．根據段中Beforeyoucameover，IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin．Ineverfeltluckybefore（在你們從遠處來之前，我從來沒有意識到我住在一個多么美麗的地方．我以前從來沒有感到幸運）可知，C項正確．【例2】Asearlyas2005，therewereanumberofnewsstoriesaboutdogcloningandcatcloning．Animalcloninghadbeenoldnewsfornearlyadecadebythen，withtherevolutionarycloningofDollythesheepinScotland．However，Snuppywasthefirstpet，adog，tobecloned．SincethecloningofSnuppy，therehasbeensomeverysuccessfulcloningofpetsandotheranimals．LouHawthornestartedBioArtswhilecloninghisbelovedmixed-breeddogMissy．Hawthornewasverypleasedwiththeresultsofthecloning，producingthreesuccessfulclonesthatwereveryaliketotheoriginalincharacterandbehavior．InJanuary，2009，aFloridacouple，EdandNinaOtto，announcedthattheyhadpaidtohavetheirdogclonedbyBioArts．Allnewtechnologyisoverpriced．Forexample，personalcomputerswerenotveryaffordableatfirst．Onlyaftertheproducingprocesswasimprovedwasitpossibleforeveryfamilytohaveacomputer．Howmuchroomtherewillbefororganizationstoreducethepricepointonpetcloningwithoutbroaddemandisofcoursequestionable．Therearemanygreatdogsandcatsthatcanbefoundatthelocaldogpoundoraregivenawayfor"freetogoodhomes"inclassifiedads．However，thereisnolimittothevaluepeopleplaceonabelovedpet．TheOttosareagoodexampleofthat．Ifpeoplecanpurchaseadogorcatwithpredictablebehaviorandcharacteristics，thereisvalueinthat．Thereisapredictablemarkethere，thoughitmayalwaysbelimitedinsize．Whilepetcloninghasnottakenoffassomehoped，it'sclearthatitwillbecomeabiggermarketinthefutureanditwillbeincreasinglypossibleforpeopletotrythisout．Withtheinevitablesuccessthatclonedpetownerswillhave，thepracticewillbecomemorewidelyacceptedanditseemsinevitablethatthereisafutureforcloneddogsandcats．（1）Whatistheparagraph2mainlyabout？A．Thecasesofpetcloning．B．Thehistoryofpetcloning．C．Thebehaviorofclonedanimals．D．Thedevelopmentofanimalcloning．（2）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage？A．Petcloningwillbeacceptedbyeveryone．B．Thepriceofpetcloningmaynotbecheap．C．Humancloningmayonedaybecomeareality．D．Newtechnologyofpetcloningwillbeinvented．（3）Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthelastparagraph？A．declined．B．appeared．C．understood．D．boosted．（4）What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardthemarketofpetcloning？A．Optimistic．B．Negative．C．Indifferent．D．Fearful．【詳解】本文章主要講述了克隆寵物的情況，越來越多的克隆貓和克隆狗，而且未來這個市場將會非常的強大．1．A．細節(jié)題．根據文章內容"Snuppywasthefirstpet，adog，tobecloned．SincethecloningofSnuppy，therehasbeensomeverysuccessfulcloningofpetsandotheranimals．"Snuppy是第一個被克隆的寵物，自從SnopPy的克隆以來，寵物和其他動物的克隆非常成功．可知，第二段主要講述了寵物克隆案例．故選A．2．B．細節(jié)題．根據文章內容"thereisnolimittothevaluepeopleplaceonabelovedpet．TheOttosareagoodexampleofthat．"人們對寵愛寵物的價值是沒有限制的．Ottos就是一個很好的例子．可知，克隆寵物的價格可能并不便宜．故選B．3．D．詞意題．根據文章內容"it'sclearthatitwillbecomeabiggermarketinthefutureanditwillbeincreasinglypossibleforpeopletotrythisout．"很顯然，它將在未來成為一個更大的市場，人們將越來越有可能嘗試這一點．可知，劃線詞的含義是提高．故選D．4．A．細節(jié)題．根據文章內容"Withtheinevitablesuccessthatclonedpetownerswillhave，thepracticewillbecomemorewidelyacceptedanditseemsinevitablethatthereisafutureforcloneddogsandcats．"它將在未來成為一個更大的市場，人們將越來越有可能嘗試這一點．可知，作者對寵物克隆市場的態(tài)度是樂觀的．精講精練【例題1】"WhenIgrowup，Iwanttobearunner．"ThesewordsarespokenbythousandsofKenyanchildren．50percentoftheKenyantoprunnersaremembersofKalenjin，oneminorityraceofthecountry．TheymakeuplessthantwopercentofKenya'spopulation．Thisfacthaspuzzledsportsscientists．Theyhavespentconsiderabletimeandefforttryingtoansweronequestion：WhatenablestheKalenjinpeopletorunsofast？Althoughthequestionseemssimple，findingtheanswerhasproventobedifficultandcontroversial．AteamofDanishsportsscientistsspent18monthsanddiscoveredtheKalenjinshadremarkablyslowheartratesevenwhenrunninglongdistances．TheKalenjinsliveinhigh-elevation（高海拔）villagesintheRiftValleyinwesternKenya．Peoplelivingathighelevationsproducemoreredbloodcells，whichaidinthetransportofoxygenthroughoutthebody．Becausetheairisthinnerandcontainslessoxygenathighelevations，thebodyproducesmoreredbloodcells．Scientistsbelievethereisaconnectionbetweenincreasedredbloodcellsandlowheartratesandthatbothmayenablehigh-altitudeathletestooutperformthosewhotrainatlowaltitudes．TheDanishscientistsalsostudiedthebodiesoftheKalenjinsandcomparedthemtothoseoftheDanes．TheyfoundthattheKalenjinshavelonger"birdlike"legs．TheKalenjinsalsohavelowerbodymassindexes（ameasureofbodyfatbasedonweightandheight）andshorterbodiesthanDanishpeople．AsaresultoftheDanishstudy，somescientistsmadetheconclusionthattheKalenjinspossesswhatiscalleda"speedgene（基因）"．However，KenyanrunnerswereoffendedbythisconclusionTheycreditedtheirsuccesstohardworkandendlesshoursoftraining．Althoughthecontroversyoverthe"speedgene"remainsunsolved，BritishrunnerMoFarah'sexperienceoffersaninterestingperspectiveonthesubject．In2005，herealizedhewasn'tmeetinghispotentialasarunner．AgroupofKenyanrunnersweretraininginEnglandthen．AfterheaccidentallyobservedtheKenyans'stricttrainingroutinesanddedicationtotheirsport，Farahsaiditwaslikeaswitchhadbeenturnedoninhishead．Hebeganeatinghealthyfoods，goingtobedearly，andtrainingharderthanhehadevertrainedinhislife．Asaresult，Farah'srunningcareerexploded．HehaswonsevenworldandOlympictitlesinthe5000mandregularlybeatsKenya'stoprunners!Farah'sstoryproveswhatKenyanshaveknownallalong．Regardlessofgenetics，theirsuccesswouldnotbepossiblewithouthardwork，dedication，sacrifice，andmentaltoughness．Their"secret"issimple．Trainhard，runfast，andnevergiveup．（1）Whatinterestedthesportsscientists？A．Kenyansportshistory．B．Kanlenjins'runningability．C．Kanlenjins'trainingmethods．D．Kenyans'enthusiasmforsport．（2）AccordingtoDanishscientists，whatleadstotheKanlenjins'success？A．Physicalcondition．C．Hardtraining．B．Livingstyle．D．Strongwill．（3）HowdidKenyanrunnersthinkaboutDanishresearchresult？A．Convincing．C．Astonishing．B．Unacceptable．D．Important．（4）WhyisMoFarah'sstorymentionedinthepassage？A．Toshowrunningmethodscount．B．ToencourageBritishathletes．C．Toproveeffortpaysoff．D．Tosupportgenetheory．【答案】BABC【解析】1．B．細節(jié)理解題．根據Thisfacthaspuzzledsportsscientists．Theyhavespentconsiderabletimeandefforttryingtoansweronequestion：WhatenablestheKalenjinpeopletorunsofast？可知，坎倫金斯人的運動能力讓體育科學家很感興趣．故選B．2．A．細節(jié)理解題．根據AsaresultoftheDanishstudy，somescientistsmadetheconclusionthattheKalenjinspossesswhatiscalleda"speedgene（基因）"．可知，是基因，身體狀況讓他們有很強的運動能力．故選A．3．B．細節(jié)理解題．根據However，KenyanrunnerswereoffendedbythisconclusionTheycreditedtheirsuccesstohardworkandendlesshoursoftraining．可知，他們不認同科學家的結果，他們將自己的成功歸功于辛勤工作和無盡的訓練時間．故選B．4．C．推理判斷題．根據Farah'sstoryproveswhatKenyanshaveknownallalong．Regardlessofgenetics，theirsuccesswouldnotbepossiblewithouthardwork，dedication，sacrifice，andmentaltoughness．Their"secret"issimple．Trainhard，runfast，andnevergiveup．可知，MoFarah的故事是為了說明努力才會有回報．故選C．【練習1】Theministryofeducationrecentlypublishednationalstandardsforthemanagementofprimaryandsecondaryschools．Itsaysthatschoolsandparentsshouldworktogethertoensureprimaryschoolstudentssleepatleast10hoursadayandmiddleschoolstudentssleepninehoursaday．However，weinterviewedsomestudents'parentsandnoneofourintervieweessaidtheycouldachievethatgoal．Andnoneoftheintervieweesbelievedotherparentswouldbeabletoachievethatgoal．Thishastodowiththeacademicburdenonchildren．Manykidshaveridiculousamountsofhomeworktodoeachnight，whiletheyalsosufferfromtheadditionalburdenofafter-schoolcourses．Thetruthisthatchildrenhavetoworkharderthanadults．Itshouldbenotedthatmanyparentsarerathertiredwiththissituation，andtheycomplainaboutbeingexhaustedbyhelpingtheirchildrenwithhomeworkandfeelpressuredbytheeconomicburdenofafter-schoolcourses．Doubtlessly，themaincourseliesinthecompetitioninsociety．Noparentswanttheirchildrentofallbehindintherace．TheproblemisespeciallyseriousinmanycitiessuchasBeijingandShanghai，wheretherearebothqualityeducationresourcesandfiercecompetition．Itisdifficultforchildreninthesecitiestosleepenoughhourseveryday．Inordertochangethis，educationresourcesneedtobemorefairlyequal，especiallyforprimaryeducation，sothatstudentsandtheirparentsdonothavetocompetesofiercelyforthelimitedamountofqualityeducationresources．Suchthingsarealwayseasiersaidthandone，ofcourse．Tobalanceprimaryandsecondaryeducationresourceswillbeadifficultprocess．Butonlybydoingsowillourchildrengetenoughsleepeveryday．28．WhatisthepurposeofthenationalstandardsmentionedinParagraph1？A．Tomakesurestudentshaveenoughsleep．B．Toexplainwhyenoughsleepisimportantforstudents．C．Tofindoutwhystudentscan'thaveenoughsleep．D．Tostatehowthenationalstandardsarecarriedout．29．Whichfactdoesmainlyleadtostudents'lackofsleep？A．Learningstress．B．Economicalpressurefromextracourses．C．Fiercesocialcompetition．D．Lowefficiencyinstudy．30．Accordingtotheauthor，thegovernmentshould．A．reducethelearningcourses．B．provideequaleducationresources．C．strengthenfinancialsupport．D．publishstricteducationpolicy．31．WhichonecanBESTdescribethestructureofthepassage？A．Compareandcontrast．B．Causeandeffect．C．Reasonandsolution．D．Opinionandsuggestion．【答案】ACBC【解析】28．A．推理判斷題．根據"Itsaysthatschoolsandparentsshouldworktogethertoensureprimaryschoolstudentssleepatleast10hoursadayandmiddleschoolstudentssleepninehoursaday．"可知，第一段提到國家規(guī)定是為了確保學生有足夠的睡眠．故選A．29．C．推理判斷題．根據"whiletheyalsosufferfromtheadditionalburdenofafter﹣schoolcourses．Thetruthisthatchildrenhavetoworkharderthanadults"可知，激烈的競爭環(huán)境導致學生缺乏睡眠．故選C．30．B．細節(jié)理解題．根據"Inordertochangethis，educationresourcesneedtobemorefairlyequal，especiallyforprimaryeducation"可知，政府應該提供平等的教育資源．故選B．31．C．細節(jié)理解題．根據文章內容可知，本文先是提出了需要解決的問題，后又寫出了解決問題的幾種方法．故選C．【例題2】Youmustthinkacomputeristhebestthingintheworld，right？Youmustthinkitworksatasuperspeedandcandoeverything？Well，it'snot!Infact，thebrainismuchmorepowerfulthananysupercomputer!Thinkaboutwhenaglassisjustabouttofalloffthetable．Yourbraincontrolseverythingthatyouneedtodotosavethatglassfromfalling．Firstyoureyescheckoutwhat'sgoingon，thentellyourbrain．andyourbraindecideshowquicklyyouneedtoreact（反應），andthenyourmuscles（肌肉）gointoaction．Thatisjustfromyourbrain．Nocomputercouldevercomeclosetothat!Thebrainweighsjust3pounds，butitcontrolseverythingyoudofromthinking，learning，feelingeventobreathingandyourheartbeating．Eventhoughthebrainisjust2%ofyourbodyweight，itusesaround20%ofallyourenergyinyourbody．Thatisalotforsuchasmallorgan（器官）．Thereareabout100billiontiny，tinylittlecells（細胞）inyourbrain．Therearesomanythatitwouldtakeyouover3.000yearstocountthemall!Yourbrainstopsgrowingwhenyou're18，butitactuallykeepsondevelopingandlearningnewthings．Soyourparentsarereallysupersmart!Youwon'tbeabletofoolthem!Believeitornot，yourbrainNEVERstopsworking．Evenduringsleeping，thebrainworksforlong-termmemoryestablishment（建立）．Itisrealizedthatthebrainisthesecondorganinthebodyastheheartthatneverstopsduringhumanlives．Soeveryoneshouldbeproudofsuchagiftofnature．（1）InParagraph1，thewriterwantstotellus_______．A．eyesandmusclesreactquicklyB．thebraincontrolseverythinginyourbodyC．thecomputeristhebestthingintheworldD．thebrainismorepowerfulthananycomputer（2）InParagraph2，theunderlinedword"That"refersto（指的是）_______．A．thebodyweightB．2%ofthebodyweightC．allenergyinthebodyD．around20%oftheenergyinthebody（3）WhichisRIGHTaccordingtothepassage？A．Thebraindoesn'tworkduringsleeping．B．Thebrainistheonlyorganthatneverstops．C．Thebrainkeepsgrowingduringhumanlives．D．Thebrainkeepsondevelopingduringhumanlives．（4）Whichwordcanbestdescribethebrainaccordingtothepassage？A．Magic．B．Quick．C．Light．D．Developing．（5）Inwhichmagazinecanthepassagebefoundmostprobably？A．BusinessWeeklyB．MedicineC．ScienceD．Sports【答案】DDDAC【解析】1．D，段落大意題，根據Infact，thebrainismuchmorepowerfulthananysupercomputer可知講述的是電腦遠遠比不上人腦，故選D．2．D，細節(jié)理解題，前面提到itusesaround20%ofallyourenergyinyourbody用掉所有能量的20%，由此可知是能量消耗較大，故選D．3．D，細節(jié)理解題，根據Yourbrainstopsgrowingwhenyou're18，butitactuallykeepsondevelopingandlearningnewthings可知雖然18歲之后大腦就不長了，但是會一直完善功能，故選D．4．A，細節(jié)理解題，根據Itisrealizedthatthebrainisthesecondorganinthebodyastheheartthatneverstopsduringhumanlives可知大腦不會停止工作，前文也提到他控制著我們身體的每一個器官，由此可知這是一個神奇的器官，故選A．5．C，主旨歸納題，文章主要講述的是有關于大腦的事情，講述了期生長以及工作情況，這是科普性質的闡述，最有可能來自于科學雜志，故選C．【練習2】Nature'swarningsWhentheskysuddenlyturnsdarkandthewindisstrong，watchout!Adangerousstormmightbecoming．Stormsarescary．Watchforflashesoflightning．Listenforthunder．Ifnaturesendsthesewarnings，don'twaitforrain．Actrightawaytokeepsafe．SafetyStepsAtthefirstflashoflightning，quicklygetinsideabuildingoracar．Donotgointoashed（棚）forprotection．Itisnotclosedlikeabuilding，soitisnotsafe．Evenafteryouareindoors，becareful．Itisnotsmarttogoneardoorsandwindows．Theycanblowinorbreak．Aroomwithnowindowsisthesafestplacetobe．Donotwashyourhandsduringastorm．Donotuseanythingthatrunsonelectricityeither.Waterandelectricallinesarelikeroadsforlightning．Evenifyoureallywanttoplaycomputergames，don't!Itisbettertobeboredthantoriskgettinghurt．Tryreadingabookinstead．Readingismorefunthanplayingcomputergames．Ifyoucan'tgettosomewheresafe，stayoutintheopen．Youmayfeelsafeunderatree，butthatisnotagoodplacetobe．Lightningispullingtowardtallpolesandtrees．Staydowninanopenspaceandcoveryourearstoprotectthem．Loudthundercandamageyourhearing．LightningStrikesLightningdoesnotstrikepeopleveryoften．Itisnotlikelythatyouwilleverseethathappen．Ifyoudo，call1-2-0．Onlytrainedemergencyworkersshouldcareforapersonwhohasbeenhitbylighting．Ifyoufollowtheserules，youshouldstaysafeduringastorm．（1）FromParagraphI，welearnthat________．A．stormsarefrighteningandharmfulB．stormsoftencomewithoutwarningsC．peopleshouldwaitandwatchlightningD．peopleshouldtakeactionafterthestorm（2）Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraph2probablymeans________．A．abuildingB．acarC．aroomD．ashed（3）Duringastormyouhadbetter________．A．useacomputerforawhileB．listenforthunderbyawindowC．leavetheroomandstayoutD．findaclosedoranopenplace（4）Ifapersonishitbylightning，youshould________．AcallforemergencyhelpB．staydowninasafespaceC．movehimorhertosafetyD．coverhisorherearsquickly（5）Thebesttitleforthepassageis________．A．TrainingStepsB．HomeRulesC．NaturalOrderD．StormSafety【答案】ADDAD【解析】1．A，細節(jié)理解題，根據Stormsarescary可知暴風雨很可怕，很危險，故選A．2．D，句意理解題，根據Donotgointoashed（棚）forprotection可知因為棚子很簡陋，不能很好的保護避雨的人，所以此處指的是棚子，故選D．3．D，細節(jié)理解題，下雨可以Atthefirstflashoflightning，quicklygetinsideabuildingoracar躲在密閉的室內，或者Staydowninanopenspace待在戶外較開闊的地方，故選D．4．A，細節(jié)理解題，根據Ifyoudo，call1﹣2﹣0．可知如果被閃電擊中，要打電話叫救護車，故選A．5．D，主旨歸納題，最后一句提到Ifyoufollowtheserules，youshouldstaysafeduringastorm遵循這些，在暴風雨的天氣下就會很安全，此文章主要講述的是如何在暴雨中確保安全，故選D．【例題3】Haveyoueverseenrowsofdifferentcarsparkedonabigplayground，withtheirboots（汽車后備箱）open？Thebootsarepackedwiththingslikebooks，pictures，kid'stoys．Thisisacarbootsale．ItispopularintheUK．Ifyouhavelotsofthingsandhavenowheretoputthem，anddon'twanttothrowthemaway，whynottryacarbootsale？Gotoacarbootsaleandyoumaybeexcitedaboutwhatyoufind．Youcanfindalmostanythingatacarbootsale，frombeds，tablestonecklacesandring…．Mostofthethingsaresecond-hand，sotheyareusuallylow-priced．Iliketohuntforbooks．IwaspettyproudwhenIboughtfourbooksfromtheHarryPotter．Seriesandtheycostmejustover￥2．Hereisalittletipthatnoteverybodyknows；Whenit'snearlytheendofthesale（theyusuallyfinishintheearlyafternoon），manysellerscutthepricesbecausetheywanttothrowawaythings．Quiteoftenyou'llfind"allfor10p"，"Buyoneandgetonefree"and"Takeitaway!"It'sclearthattheyjustwanttothrowthosethingsaway．However，theremaynotbemuchgoodstuff（物品）leftintheend-thethingspeoplereallywantaresolequickly．So，astheysay，theearlybirdcatchestheworm!（1）Whyaremostthingsatsuchalowpriceatacarbootsale？A．Becausetheyareterrible．B．Becausetheyareuseless．C．Becausetheyaresmallthings．D．Becausetheyaresecond-hand．（2）WhichofthefollowingthingsyoumayNOTfindatacarbootsale？A．FoodanddrinksB．booksandpicturesC．BedsandtablesD．Necklacesandrings（3）HowdidthewriterfeelwhenhegotfourbooksfromtheHarryPotterseries？A．TerribleB．ExcitedC．ProudD．Nervous（4）Manysellersusuallycuttheprices_________．A．atthebeginningofthesaleB．nearlyattheendofthesaleC．intheearlymorningD．whenthereisbadweather（5）Whatisthereadingmainlyabout？A．AcarbootsaleintheUK．B．AcarshowintheUK．C．Whatacarbootsale．D．Agoodwaytosavemoney．【答案】DACBA【解析】1．D細節(jié)理解題，根據文中的第4段Mostofthethingsaresecond﹣hand，sotheyareusuallylow﹣priced．可知大部分的東西都是二手貨，所以通常價格很低，故答案D．2．A細節(jié)理解題，根據文中的第3段Youcanfindalmostanythingatacarbootsale，frombeds，tablestonecklacesandring…．你可以在車靴銷售中找到幾乎所有的東西，從床、桌子到項鏈和戒指可知沒有提到食物和飲料，故答案A．3．C細節(jié)理解題，根據文中的第4段IwaspettyproudwhenIboughtfourbooksfromtheHarryPotter．可知我從哈利?波特系列買了四本書時，我感到很驕傲，故答案C．4．B細節(jié)理解題，根據文中的第5段Whenit'snearlytheendofthesale（theyusuallyfinishintheearlyafternoon），manysellerscutthepricesbecausetheywanttothrowawaythings．可知當它接近銷售結束（他們通常在下午早些時候結束），許多賣家降價，因為他們想扔掉的東西，故答案B．5．A主旨歸納題，根據文中的第1段Thisisacarbootsale．ItispopularintheUK．可知主要介紹的這是一個舊物銷售．它在英國很流行，故答案A．課后作業(yè)Researchersinthe1960sfoundbilingual（雙語的）peoplescoredhigheronintelligence（智力）teststhanmonolinguals--peoplewhospeakonlyonelanguage．Thelateststudiesshowthatbeingbilingualdoesnotnecessarilymakepeoplecleverer，butitprobablydoesmakeyoubetteratcer