SAT備考資料SATOGTest1范文Isitimportanttoquestiontheideasanddecisionsofpeopleinpositionsofauthority?Everypersonhashisorherownideaofethicsandmorality,regardlessofobjectivetruth.Authorityfigures,whetherteachers,headsofnations,orotherpositionsofpower,maynotalwaysbeinlinewiththatmorality.Inordertodeterminewhetheranauthorityfigureisdoingwhatisjust,individualsmustspeakoutwhentheyperceiveinjustice.Oftentimes,thatmeansquestioningauthority.Despoticnovelsoftenportraysystemsofnationalleadershipinwhichquestioninggovernmentalauthorityisexplicitlyforbidden.GeorgeOrwell’snovel1984issuchastory.Thegovernmentisknowncollectivelyas"BigBrother,"whoisasymbolicentitycontinuallywatchingovereverycitizen.Thelanguage,Newspeak,isconstantlybeingupdatedtocontrolpeople’sexpressionandtherebycontroltheirthoughts.AnyonecaughteventhinkingsomethingotherthanBigBrotherwouldwantthemtothinkarearrestedbytheThoughtPolice.Underthisregime,therearevirtuallynoindependentthinkers.Everypieceofinformationgiventothepeoplecomesthroughthegovernment,whichhasthepowertochangefactsandhistorywithutterimpunity.Themaincharacter,Winston,managestocatchon,butintheend,heisfinallybrainwashedbytorture.Inthissocietyofobedientdrones,truthisirrelevantbecausetherearenolies.Whenastudentgoesthroughformaleducation,hemustbeonhisguardwhenitcomestowhatheabsorbs.Inthemidstofobjectivefacts,alltoooftenateachermayattempttoindoctrinatehimwiththeteacher’sownideology.OneneedonlylookatthemajorityofUnitedStatesuniversities.Therearethousandsofeasily-accessedarticlesexposingdocumentedincidencesofteachersboldlyinstillingintheirstudentstheliberalideology.Universitiesarecesspoolsofleftistprofessorswhopunishstudentswhoexpressdifferencesofopinion.Yetwithoutthosefewquestioningstudents,therestofthestudentbodywouldbesubjectedtounadulteratedliberallectures,withnaryanopposingviewinearshot.Inordertoformproperopinions,studentsmustbeexposedtobothsidesofanissue,andbothsidesmustbequestionedsoastoascertainthetruthofeach.Leadersofothercountriesmustalsobequestionedbynonresidentssoastodiscoverpreciselywhatishappeningundertheirauthority.SAT備考資料SATOGTest2范文Shouldpeopletakemoreresponsibilityforsolvingproblemsthataffecttheircommunitiesorthenationingeneral?Althoughsomepeopledon’twanttoortheydon’thavetheabilitytosolveproblemsthataffecttheircommunitiesorthenation,sometimesalotofpeoplecandosomethingforotherpeople.WecanseethroughtheexampleofBillGatesandWarrenBuffetthatpeopleshouldhaveconscienceanddosomecharityintheirpower.BillGatesistheCEOofMicrosoft,whoknowshowtomakemoneyandthenusethatmoneytohelpforothers.Hereignedsupremeastheworld’srichestmanfrom1995to2006accordingtotheForbeslistof“Theworld’srichestpeople.”GatessoldsomeofhisMicrosoftstocktocreatetheWilliamH.GatesFoundationin1994,andthencombineittothecharitableBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,whichisthelargesttransparentlyoperatedcharitablefoundationintheworld.Asof2007,BillandMelindaGateswerethesecondmostgenerousphilanthropistsinAmerica,havinggiving$28billiontocharity.BillGatesphilanthropyhasbeenusedinAIDSpreventionandotherdiseasesprevalentinthirdworld.TimenamedGatesandhiswifeMelindaasthe2005PersonsoftheYearfortheirefforts.HadBillGatesnotcontributedhismoney,alotofpeoplewouldnothavebeenlivedfromdisease.WarrenBuffettisoneofthemostsuccessfulinvestorsintheworld.InJune2006,Buffettannouncedhisplanstocontribute10millionofhisBerkshireHathawayClassBsharestotheBillandMelindaGatesfoundation,worthapproximately$36billion.Buffettsaid"WhenIbuybusiness,it'sthesameasinvestinginphilanthropy."Hesaidfundraisersshouldseekoutdonorswhoalreadyhaveshowninterestinaspecificcase.Asaphilanthropist,Mr.Buffettismostknownforgivingmorethan$30billiontotheBillandMelindaGatesfoundationandsupportingthephilanthropicworkofhisthreechildren.InAugust2010,BuffettandBillGatesspearheadedtheGivingPledge,invitingthewealthytodonate50%ormoreoftheirwealthtocharity.Afterthathebegantotravelaroundworldandsuggestsomeofrichpeopletocontributesomemoney.SobothBillGatesandWarrenBuffettcansolveproblemsthataffecttheircommunitiesandnationbycontributingtheirmoneytosomepeoplewhoneedthat.Ifwewanttosuccessinthefuture,weshouldhaveconscienceandhelpotherpeopleinourpower.SAT備考資料SATOGTest3范文Canknowledgebeaburdenratherthanabenefit?Knowledgeispower;itliberatesus,enlightensus,allowsustogrowandexpandandbetterourconditions.Today,ourknowledgeoftheworldhasgrownimmensely,andcouldbeseenas“beyondourcontrol”,andevenaburden.However,historyshowsusthatwhilegreatknowledgecansometimesbeaheavyburden,italwayshasoutweighingbenefits.Historyisrifewithexamplesofknowledgebeingaburden,butultimatelyprovingtobebeneficial.Forinstance,Galileo,a17thcenturyastronomerandscientist,wasarguablythegreatestcontributortoscienceofourtime.HisdiligentresearchofourEarthandsolarsystemledtogroundbreakingdiscoveriesthat,atthetime,wereextremelycontroversial.Galileowasthefirstscientist,andperson,toquestiontheChurch’sstatementthattheEarthwasthecenterofthesolarsystem,andallotherplanetsandtheSunrevolvedaroundit.Heinsteadargued,andprovedthroughresearch,thattheSunwasthecenterofourgalaxy,andEarthjustanotherplanetinitsorbit.Thisknowledgewasprofound,enlightening,andpowerful;itwasalsoagreatburden.Galileo’stheorywasmetwithdisbelief,outrage,andviolentopposition;itwasanextremeburdentohim.TheChurchwasfuriousatGalileofordisprovingitsteachingsbecauseatthetime,theChurch’swordwaslaw.Neverbeforehaditsteachingsbeensoscientificallyandpoignantlyquestioned.TothinkthattheEarthwasn’tthecenteraroundwhichallthingsrevolvedwasashockingandhumblingfactthatthosesoferventlysetintheirbeliefscouldn’taccept.Galileowasimmediatelyattackedandinterrogatedbecauseofhispowerfulknowledge.Hewasdeclaredaheretic,andexcommunicatedfromtheChurch.Galileowasaveryreligiousman;thissocialandspiritualostracizingbrokehimcompletely.Evenstill,heknewthatalthoughhisknowledgewasaheavyandpainfulburden,itwastrue,andwouldlaterbenefitgenerationsofscientiststocome.Today,attributeGalileo’sdiscoveriesassomeofthemostimportantscientificfindingsofthecommonera.Galileo’sstoryisahistoricalexampleofpowerfulknowledgebeingaburden,butultimatelyhavingextremelypositivebenefits.Ifitweren’tforgreatmindsconstantlyexpandingourknowledgeoftheworld,wewouldbeastagnantpeoples,nevermovingforwardandcreatingnewandmarvelousthings.Knowledgetrulyisatoolthatcanchangetheworldandalthoughitmaysometimesbeinconvenient,itisthemostpowerfulthingwehave.SAT備考資料SATOGTest4范文Dochangesthatmakeourliveseasiernotnecessarilymakethembetter?Throughouttimemankindhasstrivedtomakehislifeeasier.Whetheritbethroughtechnology,science,ortheoriesofsocialinteraction.everygenerationhasmadeonecontribution.Fromtheideaofcorporationtothecellulartelephonemankindhasadvanced.Itcanbearguedhowever,thatnotalloftheseadvancementswerebeneficial.Manytimespeopleareaccusedof“takingtheeasywayout”,somethingthatislookeddownuponintoday’ssociety.Consider,ifyouwill,ancientGrecianSociety.Withhardlyanyofthetechnologicalorscientificadvancementswehavetoday,theywereabletoproducesomeofthegreatestthinkers.SocratesandPlatostillinfluentmodernphilosophicalthought.Inaddition,thesemenwerewellversedinalldisciplines.Theywerethinkers,mathematicians,writers,scientists,artistsandmuchmore.Examinesomeothergreatmeninhistory.LeonardoDavinciwasoneofthegreatestscientistsandalsooneofthegreatestartistsofalltime,heeveninventedanddrewupearlyplansforthehelicopter.Theseancientmen,withoutthetechnologyandeaseoflifewehavetoday,wereabletoproducesomeofthemostprolificadditionstohumanknowledgeever.Nowletusexaminesomemenfromourtime.BillGates,whileaddingimmenselytothepleasuresandeaseofman’slife,didsoonlybyforcefullydestroyingmanyfledglingcompaniesandcompletelyunderminingourcapitalisticmarketplace.Veryfewmeninourtimeareleadersinmorethanonediscipline.Therearenoscientists/artistsorwriter/mathematicians.Men,whilebeingabletomoredeeplydelveintoadiscipline,arenowrestrictedtoit.Iattributethistotechnology.Wenowhavealifeoutsideofourwork.Alifewithcomputers,cars,movies,anddinnerwiththefamilyfromacrossthecountry.Mankindcannolongerdevotehimselftohiswork.Hehashisworklife,andhishomelife.Whileacellphoneallowsmetotalktoanyonefromanywhere,itpreventsmefrombeingaloneandfullyconcentrating.Whiletheinternetallowsmetolookatwebsitesfromaroundtheworld,itpreventsmefromdoingtheworkIsetouttodo.Whiletechnologyandsciencehavemademan’slifeeasier,theyhavenotmadeitbetter.Manhasbecomelessproductiveandlessdevoted,partly,asaresultofthisnewfoundeaseoflife.Therefore,Whatmakesourliveseasierdoesnotnecessarilymakethembettertheirauthority.SAT備考資料SATOGTest5范文Isconscienceamorepowerfulmotivatorthanmoney,fame,orpower?Associetytoilsonwardintoitsdreamsofthefuture,theprogressthataccompaniesthismovementmaybetaintedbyindividualmotivesofavarice.However,asseeninvariousfieldssuchasart,history,andscience,thehumanconsciencewilllimitthemotivationofgreedandinspiregoodworksforthesakeofmorality.One’ssenseofrightandwrongforeverimpelsonetobeadecent,thoughtfulperson.Suchpeoplewidelypopulatetheidealisticfieldofliterature.Thoughnovelsmayberifewithvillainous,self-servingcharacters,onlytheheroicandmoralpersonasemergetriumphant.Forexample,thewell-knownliterarycharacterHuckleberryFinn,fromTwain’sAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,rescindshisclaimtoasizablefortuneifpossessingsuchwealthwoulddiminishhissafety.Furthermore,HuckwillriskhimselftoensurethesecurityofhisclosecomradeJim.Hisloyalty,afacetofone’sconscience,compelshimtosacrificehissafetytoensurethewell-beingofothers,whichismorethanmoneyhasaccomplishedinmotivatingHuck.Thus,aperson,howeverfictional,considerstherewardsofactingonconsciencetobemorefruitfulthantobepossessedbygreed.Althoughsuchcharactersarefictional,thesamemotivesofcharityandmoralityhaveinspirednumerouspeopleinhistorytosetasidetheirdesires.LyndonB.Johnson,FormerPresidentoftheUnitedStates,pushedtheCivilRightsActof1964throughCongressmotivatedbyconscienceandadesiretocorrecttheimmoralityofracisminsociety.ThoughsomeSenatorsstridentlyopposedsuchabill,thepowerofmotivationbyconscienceimpassionedJohnsontostriveevenhardertoremainloyaltotheAmericanpreceptsofequality.Suchisfruitionofconscientiousactions.Thoughthegreatfiguresofhistoryseemoutofreachintheirstature,asanindividualIamfacedwithmoraldilemmasratheroften.Forexample,Ihavebeenofferedmoreweightypositionsonthenewspaper,butasarule,IhavealwaysrefusedwhentherewassomeonebetterqualifiedthanI.Consequently,theirtalentsresultinamoreimprovedissue,therebyincreasingthebenefitforall.Thereinliesthereasonwhywearecompelledbyconscience.Money,fameandpowerarefleetingandinsubstantial,fortheycannevermendtheintegritysacrificedtoobtainthem.Itisonlywhenweactinthenameofwhatisrightthatallofourpossibletalentsmaybenefitourselves,ourpeers,andourideals.SAT備考資料SATOGTest6范文Cansuccessbedisastrous?Thepowerofsuccesscanbedisastrouswhenplacedinthewronghands.Naturally,therearethosewhowillalwayschoosetomanipulateconditionstosucceedintheirownendeavors,nottakingintoconsiderationthelivesofthosearoundthem.Ontheotherhand,theremaybethosewhodonotnecessarilypursueselfishends,butsimplydonotknowwheretotakesuccessonceithasbeenachieved,thusresultingintheirownself-sabotage.Throughouthistory,wehaveseensuccessusedwrongfullyinthehandsoftheunworthy.Powerfulleadersofnations,kingdoms,andempires,havingsucceededingainingleadership,havethenusedtheirinfluencewrongfullyinachievingtheirownselfish(andsometimestwisted)goals.Nero,theRomanemperorwhobeathispregnantwifetodeathandhasbeensuspectedofinstigatingthegreatfireofRomeinanattempttoboosthisownpoliticalinfluence.HenryVIIIofEngland,forwhomwomenwerebeheadedfornotbearinghimason,andwhoisrumoredtohaveeateneightchickensanightwhileEnglishpeasantsstarved.ThenotoriousFerdinandandIsabellaofSpain,whocarriedouttheSpanishInquisition.Thelistisendless.Eveninliterature,weseethecorruptionanddownfallofsocietyandmankindasawholeasaresultoftheabuseofsuccessinthepossessionofthosewhodonotdeserveit,asseeninWilliamShakespeare’stragedyofKingLear.Inthestory,societalorderisreplacedwithchaoswhenthereisapowershiftfromLeartohisevildaughters,ReganandGoneril.Thisorderonlyreturnstoaslightdegreewhenvirtue(intheformofLear’sgooddaughter,Cordelia)returnstoEngland.Successishazardouswhenawardedtotheunvirtuous.However,theremaybethosewhoarenotnecessarilyevilofgreedyintheirpursuits,butmerelydonotknowhowtohandlesuccess.Thisprovestobejustmoredisastroustotheindividualthantoanyoneelse,sinceitistheindividualwhowillthensabotagehisownsuccesstoreturntohisformercomfortzone.Successismeanttobegrownupon,notexploitedorfeared.Success,whenachievedbytheunworthyorinexperienced,isamostdisastrouselement.Successisnotaboutbeinghappyattheexpenseofthoseaboutyou–itisaboutusingone’snewlygainedhappinesstoimprovethelivesofothers.IfonereflectsonthewisewordsofRalphWaldoEmerson,onewillnevergoastray:“Toknowthatonepersonhasbreathedeasierbecauseyouhavelived-thisistohavesucceeded.SAT備考資料SATOGTest7范文Doweneedotherpeopleinordertounderstandourselves?Mostparentsandteacherstellstudentstheextremelytiredclichéoftheconsequencesoffollowingthecrowd.Itissaidthat,inordertobeacompletelyindividualthinker,onemustignorewhatotherssay.Suchadviceiscertainlytruetosomeextent;unreasonablemalicemustbeforgotteninordertokeepsomelevelofself-esteem.However,aswithmostideas,thisonecannotbetakeninabsoluteform.Inatleastsomerespects,weneedotherpeopleinordertounderstandourselves.AnexcellentexampleofaliterarycharacterthatcouldhavepsychologicallybenefittedfromsocialinteractionisJ.AlfredPrufrockfromT.S.Eliot’spoem“TheLoveSongofJ.AlfredPrufrock.”Inthepoem,Prufrckdesiresarelationshipwithawomanverymuch,butherefrainsfrominitiatingconversationbecausehefearsthathecouldnotholdtheinterestofasophisticatedlady.ShouldPrufrockhavetakenthesteptoacceptotherpeopleintohislife,hemostlikelywouldhavediscovered,asthereaderofthepoemcertainlydid,thatheismostarticulate.Otherswouldhaveimpresseduponhimthebeautyofhiswordsandhistalentforprose.IfPrufrockwouldhavespokenhissongaloud,theladiessurelywouldhaveshownhimwhathehimselfdidnotunderstand.SincetheladieswouldrevealPrufrock’stalentstohim,itistruethatweneedothersinordertounderstandourselves.Thelessonoflearningfromother’sopinionsofyourselfextendsmuchfartherthanthesongofafictionalcharacter.Twodaysago,inanartclass,mygroupofstudentshadassignedselfportraitsdue.Mostofusbroughtinphotographsofourselves.Nevertheless,oneboybroughtnothingandhandedusallslipsofpaper.Hetoldustowriteawordtodescribehim,andwhenwehaddoneso,hepastedthewordsonaposter.Thismusthavebeenarevealingexerciseforhimbecause,uponthesightofsuchdescriptionsas“bitter”and“sarcastic”,hewasshocked.Inthecaseofthisboy,hehadnotrealizedhowhispersonalityappearedtoothers.Thoughhemightnothavethoughthimself“bitter”,hisfriend’scommentscertainlymadehimseemthatway.Thefactthatweneedothersinordertounderstandourselvesisclearlyshownbythisboy’srevelation.ngundertheirauthority.SAT備考資料SATOGTest8范文Istheworldchangingforthebetter?Mostparentsandteacherstellstudentstheextremelytiredclichéoftheconsequencesoffollowingthecrowd.Itissaidthat,inordertobeacompletelyindividualthinker,onemustignorewhatotherssay.Suchadviceiscertainlytruetosomeextent;unreasonablemalicemustbeforgotteninordertokeepsomelevelofself-esteem.However,aswithmostideas,thisonecannotbetakeninabsoluteform.Inatleastsomerespects,weneedotherpeopleinordertounderstandourselves.AnexcellentexampleofaliterarycharacterwhocouldhavepsychologicallybenefittedfromsocialinteractionisJ.AlfredPrufrockfromT.S.Eliot’spoem“TheLoveSongofJ.AlfredPrufrock.”Inthepoem,Prufrckdesiresarelationshipwithawomanverymuch,butherefrainsfrominitiatingconversationbecausehefearsthathecouldnotholdtheinterestofasophisticatedlady.ShouldPrufrockhavetakenthesteptoacceptotherpeopleintohislife,hemostlikelywouldhavediscovered,asthereaderofthepoemcertainlydid,thatheismostarticulate.Otherswouldhaveimpresseduponhimthebeautyofhiswordsandhistalentforprose.IfPrufrockwouldhavespokenhissongaloud,theladiessurelywouldhaveshownhimwhathehimselfdidnotunderstand.SincetheladieswouldrevealPrufrock’stalentstohim,itistruethatweneedothersinordertounderstandourselves.Thelessonoflearningfromother’sopinionsofyourselfextendsmuchfartherthanthesongofafictionalcharacter.Twodaysago,inanartclass,mygroupofstudentshadassignedselfportraitsdue.Mostofusbroughtinphotographsofourselves.Nevertheless,oneboybroughtnothingandhandedusallslipsofpaper.Hetoldustowriteawordtodescribehim,andwhenwehaddoneso,hepastedthewordsonaposter.Thismusthavebeenarevealingexerciseforhimbecause,uponthesightofsuchdescriptionsas“bitter”and“sarcastic”,hewasshocked.Inthecaseofthisboy,hehadnotrealizedhowhispersonalityappearedtoothers.Thoughhemightnothavethoughthimself“bitter”,hisfriend’scommentscertainlymadehimseemthatway.Thefactthatweneedothersinordertounderstandourselvesisclearlyshownbythisboy’srevelation.SAT備考資料SATOGTest9范文Doyouthinkthateasedoesnotchallengeusandthatweneedadversitytohelpusdiscoverwhoweare?Everyonegoesthroughtheirlivesseeingandexperiencingdifferentthings.Attimes,thesedifferentsituationsmaycauseonetoactdifferentlythananotherwouldinthesamesituation.Itcanbereadilystatedthat“Easedoesnotchallengeus;adversityhelpsusdiscoverwhoweare.”Throughliterature,onecanseehowthisstatementprovestobetrue.Intheplay,“TheEnemyofthePeople”,byHenrikIbsen,theprotagonist,Dr.Stockholm,facedadversity,andthroughthat,wasabletodiscoverhistruebeliefsandwhohewas.BeforeDr.Stockholmwasputinasituationwherehehadtofaceadversity,hehadlivedhislifewithmildeaseandregularity.Heactedjustlikeeveryoneelseinthetownhelivedin.Yearslater,hediscoveredthatthepopularbathhouseswasinfectedwithbacteria.Determinedtospreadhisfindings,Dr.Stockholmwenttothenewspaperandthelocalgoverningofficetotryandmakehisdiscoveryknown.However,boththepaperandthegovernmentweren’tasinspiredtoreallyletthepublicknowaboutthisseriousproblemduetothepopularityofthebathhouses.Asaresult,Dr.Stockholmwasforcedtofaceadversityandfindawaytoachievehispreviouslysetgoal.Throughadversity,Stockholmwasabletotrulyseehowhispersonalitywas.Hewasabletounderstandhisseverediscontentwiththegovernmentandsocietyasawhole.Inessence,Stockholmwasabletodiscoverhisactualself.This,however,onlyhappenedwhenhewasfacedwithachallenge.Thebook,“WheretheHeartis”byBillieLettsalsousedadversitytoportrayit’scharacterstruebeing.Theprotagonist,NovaleeNation,wasplacedinasituationwhereshehadtorealizeandconqueradversity.Novaleewasayounggirlof17,whowaspregnant.Shehadexperiencedextremehardshipherwholelifeinthetrailerparkenvironmentthatshehadpreviouslyresidedin.Shealsoreceivedlotsofabusefromherboyfriendwhoimpregnatedher.Inthestory,hehadleftherstrandedinaK-Martallbyherself,whileshewaspregnant.Allalone,Novallehadtofindawaytokeepherselfandherbabyalive.Alongtheway,throughadversity,Novallefoundhertrue,kindself.Shealsomadecountlessdiscoveriesthroughmeetingdifferentpeople.Amongthosethingswashertrueloveforphotographyandliterature,andmostofallheryearningforloveinherlife.Inthefaceofadversity,weallactdifferently.Weeachhavedifferentideasandmethodsthatweareaccustomedtousefordifferentsituations.Byactingandmakingdecisionsonourown,asweareoftentimesforcedtodowhengivenachallenge,weareabletofindoutwhowetrulyareandwhatwetrulybelievein.ThecharactersDr.StockholmandNovaleeNationareexamplesofthatkindofpeopleinliterature.However,inliteratureandlife,itisallthesame.Easedoes