PAGEPAGE5初二英語Module1-6語法知識復(fù)習(xí)及能力提高時態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)：一、現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)1.定義：表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。構(gòu)成：be+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。1)be隨著人稱、數(shù)的變化而變化。(am,is,are)Eg：Heiswritingapostcard.(肯定）2)現(xiàn)在分詞的組成形式有如下幾種：①動詞后面直接加ing:doingbuyingplaying②動詞去e加ing:havingtakinggivingwriting③重讀閉音節(jié)單詞,雙寫動詞最后一個字母，然后加ing:runningswimmingsittingshoppinggettingbeginningputting④特殊形式的變化：lie—lyingdie–dying時間狀語：look,listen,now,atthemoment二、一般現(xiàn)在時：1、用法1).表達經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作2).表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。3).敘述一件事情4).敘述客觀事實真理（地球圍繞太陽跑）2、構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語+動詞（第三人稱單數(shù)）+……否定句：主語+don’t/doesn’t+動詞原形+……疑問句：Do/Does+主語+動詞原形+……特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句+……?例如：Heoftenplaysfootballontheplayground.3.時間狀語：always,often,usually,sometimes,never,everyday/everyyear動詞三單的變化：1、一般動詞后加s，如：reads,plays,works,makes2、以s,x,ch,sh,結(jié)尾，后加es.如：watches,3、以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾,一般加es,如：does,goes4、輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞,去y,加ies,如：worries,studies三、一般過去時1.用法：1).一般過去時be動詞2.構(gòu)成：主語+was/were+表語

.主語+was/were+not+表語(weren’t,wasn't)Was/Were+主語+表語

Eg：Iwaslateforschoolyesterday.2).一般過去時(行為動詞)構(gòu)成：主語+動詞的過去式+賓語+狀語主語+didn't動詞原形+賓語+狀語Did+主語+動詞原形+賓語+狀語?Eg：Heoftenvisithisgrandmalastyear.3.時間狀語:lastweek/Sunday,yesterday,amomentago,thismorning...過去式的構(gòu)成：1).+edopen-opened

2).雙寫最后一個字母+edstop-stopped3).去y換i+edcarry-carried

4).以e為結(jié)尾+dlive-lived不規(guī)則：書后172頁四、一般將來時一、用法：1).“begoingto”表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計劃、安排要做的事。它是一般將來時的一種表達形式，Wearegoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.明天我們將去踢足球。二、構(gòu)成：1).begoingto＋動詞原形。在begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)中，be隨主語人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化，而goingto固定不變。Heisgoingtocleantheclassroomtomorrow.Theyaregoingtocleantheclassroomtomorrow.2).表達將來在某一時間內(nèi)要發(fā)生，或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：will+動詞原形：（當(dāng)主語第一人稱時，一般用shall代替will；當(dāng)主語為其他人稱時，用will，但主語為第一人稱時，也可以用will）如：●Wewill/shallhaveagoodwintervacation.我們將有個愉快的寒假?？s寫形式:'ll=shall/will否定形式可縮寫為shallnot=shan'twillnot=won't三、時間狀語。tomorrow（明天），thedayaftertomorrow（后天）,next…（下個）,soon（不久）,oneday（某天）,fromnow（從今后）,in…(’stime)（在…時間之后），inthefuture五、現(xiàn)在完成時1．現(xiàn)在完成時的用法1)現(xiàn)在完成時表示在說話之前已經(jīng)完成或剛完成的動作。Ihaveboughtaten-speedbicycle.Theyhavecleanedtheclassroom.2)現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者還有可能持續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時常與for和since引導(dǎo)的短語或從句連用。Wehavelivedheresince1976.Theyhavewaitedformorethantwohours.2．構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語＋have(has)+動詞過去分詞＋…Ihaveseenyourdictionary.Hehasreadthatbook.否定句：主語＋have(has)+not+動詞過去分詞＋…Ihaven’tseenthefilm.Hehasn’tcomeyet.疑問句：Have(Has)+主語+動詞過去分詞+其他。HaveyoubeentoNanjing?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.HasJackhadlunchyet?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.havebeento\havegoneto區(qū)別：have\hasbeento…“曾經(jīng)去過某地”表示一種經(jīng)歷，（現(xiàn)在回來了），可與ever,never,once,twice等連用.HehaseverbeentoShanghaitwice.have\hasgoneto…表示“去某地了”，（說話時某人已離開了），主語常用第三人稱。如：HehasgonetoShanghai.瞬間動詞（點動詞）與延續(xù)性動詞：若現(xiàn)在完成時的謂語動詞是一個馬上就結(jié)束的瞬間性動詞，則不可以與表示一段的時間狀語連用，常見的瞬間動詞有：buy,borrow,leave,join,die,come,go,arrive,begin,start,get,become,marry,lose等。Hehasbeenaway(leave)fromBeijingforfouryears.Theoldmanhasbeendead(die)fortwoyears.leave-beawaybuy-havearrivein/at-beheregetto–behere\therecometo–behere\therebecome-beborrow-keepbegin/start-dogoto-beindie-bedeadjoin-bein(bea…member)比較since和for

Since用來說明動作起始時間，for用來說明動作延續(xù)時間長度。

Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.

IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn..

Myaunthasworkedinaclinicsince1949.

Somenewoilfieldshavebeenopenedupsince1976.

IhaveknownXiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.

MybrotherhasbeenintheYouthLeaguefortwoyears.

Ihavenotheardfrommyuncleforalongtime.

注意：并非有for作為時間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.(我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。)Ihaveworkedhereformanyyears.(現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。)3.時間狀語：already,yet,just,before,since,for,ever,never,twice…六、過去進行時一、過去進行時用法：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態(tài)或動作。IwaswatchingTVwhenshecametoseeme.二、構(gòu)成：主語+was/were+doing+其它MymotherwascookingwhenIcamebackhome.三、時間狀語atthistimeyesterday,at8o’clocklastnight,thewholeday,when,while+時間狀語從句【語法知識運用】一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1._______youever________(visit)NewYork?2.He__________(live)inChinafornearlythreeyears.3.AtthistimelastFriday,we_________(have)thesameclass.Howsoon________you_________(arrive)inJinan?Inanhour.WhenI__________(enter)theroomjustnow,thestudents___________(talk).It’seighto’clock.Theyare___________(have)anEnglishlesson.Myfather___________(be)bornin1966._________he_________(tell)youastorylastSunday?LiMingusually_________(go)toschoolbybike,butthismorninghe________(walk)toschool.Ann_____________(notwatch)TVnow,becauseshe___________(do)herhomework.He____________(walk)homewhenit____________(rain)suddenly.What________you__________(do)atteno’clockyesterday?I________________(study)inclass.Man___________(be)tothemoonalready.I’llgotothezooifit____________(notrain)tomorrow.I____________(finish)today’shomeworkalready.Whataboutyou?Doyouknowhimwell?Sure,we______________(be)friendssincetenyearsago.Myparents______________(lunch)whenIgottotheirhouse.What_________you__________(do)ateightyesterdaymorning?MrSmith________(go)outforawalkintheparkeveryday.Thechildren_________(be)atschoolnow.He__________(begin)todohislessonateighteveryday.Thechildren___________(go)swimmingthisafternoon.Haveyouseenhimtoday?Yes,I_________(see)himthismorning.Where__________(do)UncleSamyesterday?WhereisDick?He___________(go)tothereading-room.Wherearethechildren?They______________(have)ag