項(xiàng)城市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月第四次段考英語試題第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheJunctionCampgroundTheJunctionCampgroundisagreatspotforriver-basedcampingalongoneofAustralia'sbest-knownrivers,nearGrafton.PaddlingthebeautifulNymboidaRiverisagreatwaytoexploretherainforest-linedriverbanksandrockycliffsofNymboi-BinderayNationalPark.CraigmhorMountainRetreatSetin1,000acresofwilderness,Craigmhorisaperfectbaseforbushwalking,mountainbiking,fishing,andbirdwatching.WithineasydrivingdistanceofSydney,CraigmhoristheideallocationforoverseasvisitorsorurbanpeopletoexperiencetheAustralianbush.TheStoneCottageSaidtobeAlbury'soldesthouse,theStoneCottagewarmlywelcomesvisitorswithitsexposedstonewallsandanopenfireplace.Setwellbackfromthestreetinaspaciousenclosedgarden(idealforpets),thetwo-bedroomself-containedhouseisperfectforsmallfamiliesandcouples.Locatedbehindthemainhome,theStoneCottage'sKitchenCottageturnsonthecharmasmuchasthelargerhouse.Privatefromthemainhouse,theone-bedroomself-containedcottagehasaveranda(游廊)whichlooksoutoveranestablishedherbgarden,idealforcouples.Insteadofaskinggueststowakeatacertaintimeforapreparedbreakfast,guestsofbothcottagesreceiveaselectionofbreakfastcuisinesastheylike,allowingsleep-insandlazymornings.Petsarewelcome.CountryBarnRetreatSituatedinapeacefullocationandperfectforshortstays,ElaineandJohnofferthisamazingself-containedtwo-bedroomCountryBarnRetreat,overlookingruralviewsandsurroundedbylovelygardens.Sleepinguptofouradultsinthiscomfortablecottagewhereyoucanrelaxbythecosywoodfireinwinter.Fullyequippedkitchen.Loungeanddiningareawithair-conditioningandfanstokeepitcoolinsummer.Petfriendly,however,youwouldneedtomakearrangementswithElaineorJohnfirst.1.Wherewillyougoifyou'reabirdlover?A.TheStoneCottage. B.CraigmhorMountainRetreat.C.TheJunctionCampground. D.CountryBarnRetreat.2.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheStoneCottage?A.Itlacksanopenfireplace. B.It'sbuildingaherbgarden.C.Ithasthreebedroomsinall. D.Itprovidesawell-preparedbreakfast.3.What'sspecialaboutthelasttwodestinations?A.Petsareallowed. B.Firesareforbidden.C.Bothhaveaveranda. D.Botharenearrivers.BJustabout50yearsago,needingmoneytosupportmyfamily—mynovelsweren'tbest-sellers—Ihadtheideaoftakingthelongesttraintripimaginableandwritingatravelbookaboutit.Thetripwasimprovisational(即興的).Ididn'thaveacreditcard.IhadnoideawhereI'dbestayingnorhowlongthistripwouldtake.AndI'dneverwrittenatravelbookbefore.Ihopedmytripwouldn'tsufferalot,thoughitwasobviouslyaleapinthedark.Isetoffwithonesmallbagcontainingclothes,amapofAsia,atravelguidebookandsometravelers'cheques.Iwasofteninconvenienced,sometimesthreatened,nowandthendisturbedforbribes,occasionallylaidupwithfoodpoisoning—allthisvividdetailformynarrative.WhatIrepeatedinthemorethanfour-monthtripwasthepleasureofthesleepingcar.WritingonboardtheKhyberMailtoLahoreinPakistan,“Theromanceassociatedwiththesleepingcarcomesfromthefactthatitisextremelyprivate,combiningthebestfeaturesofacupboardwithforwardmovement.Whateverdramaisbeingshowninthismovingbedroomisheightenedbythelandscapepassingthewindow.”Atrainisacarrierthatalllowsresidence.IwroteTheGreatRailwayBazaaronmyreturnin1974,anditappearedtogoodreviewsandquicksales.That'sthepast.Nothingisthesame.Alltravelistime-related.Allsuchtripsaresingular(獨(dú)一無二的)andunrepeatable.It'snotjustthatthesteamtrainsofAsiaaregone,butmuchofthepeaceandorderisgone.Who'driskanIraniantrainnowortakeabusthroughAfghanistan?ButI'vebeensurprisedbysomeofthemorerecentdevelopmentsintravel.IrodeonChinesetrainsforayearandwroteRidingtheIronRooster,butnowChinahasmuchcleanerandswiftertrainsandmodernizeddestinations.AtravelertodaycouldtakethesametripItookin1986-87andproduceacompletelydifferentbook.Alltravelbooksaredated.That'stheirfaultthatthey'reoutdated,andit'stheirvirtuethattheypreservesomethingofthepastthatwouldotherwisebelost.4.Whathappenedatthebeginningoftheauthor'striptoAsia?A.Hemadefullpreparationsforthetrip.B.Hehadexpectedthejourneytoberough.C.Heorganizedthetripwithhisfamily'ssupportD.Hestartedthetripoutofhispassionfortraveling.5.Whydidtheauthorrepeatedlyrecallthesleepingcar?A.Foritsromanticscenery. B.Foritsreassuringprivacy.C.Foritsfullequipment. D.Foritslongdistance.6.Whatdidtheauthortrytoconveybysaying“Nothingisthesame”?A.ThelandscapeinAsiawasgone. B.Traintripwasnolongerpopular.C.Hecouldn'twriteanotherbestseller. D.Transportationandtravelhadchangedalot.7.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostlikelyagreewith?A.Practicemakesperfect B.Sharptoolsmakegoodwork.C.Travel.truthisnotthearrivalcard D.Thejourney,notthearrivalmatters.CHappiness,asIseeit,comprisesfiveelements:spiritualwell-being(meaningandpurpose),physicalwell-being(nutrition,exercise),intellectualwell-being(curiosity,deeplearning),relationalwell-being(kindnessandgenerosity),andemotionalwell-being(cultivatingpositiveemotions).AsaninterdependentaggregateofthesefiveelementsofSPIRE,happinessisaboutmuchmorethanexperiencingpleasure.AsAristotleputit,happinessistheultimatepurposeoflife,meaninghowwespendoureverydaylivesisultimatelyguidedbywhatwethinkwouldmakeushappier.Thisisnotagoodorabadthing.Itsimplyis,likethelawofnature.Evenpeoplewhoaretirelesslyworkingforanimportantcause,forexample,togetridofworldhunger,aredoingitbecausetheyfindtheirworkmeaningful.Meaningisanelementofhappiness.Onebarriertohappinesshastodowiththeexpectationthathappinessisanunbrokenchainofpositiveemotions.Thisexpectation,however,preventspeoplefromexperiencinghappinessbecausepainfulemotionsdon'tgoawaybutgrowstrongerwhenwerejectthem.Thesecondbarrierhastodowithequatinghappinesswithsuccess.It'sacommonlyheldbeliefthathappinesscanbeattainedbyachievingcertaingoals,likemoneyorfame.Peopletendtothinkiftheyfinallyfindsuccess,theywillautomaticallybecomehappy.Thethirdbarrierhastodowiththewaypeoplepursuehappiness.Wewanttobehappyformanyreasons.Afterall,weareconstantlytoldthathappinessisgoodforourhealth,relationships,andworkoutcomes.Yet,ifIwakeupinthemorninganddecidetopursuehappinessstraight,Iwillbecomelesshappy.Buthow?Indirectly.Asisknown,ifyoulookupatthesundirectly,you'llhurtyourself.Butifyoutakethesamesunraysandbreakthemdown,you'llenjoythecolorsofarain-bow.Similarly,pursuinghappinessdirectlycanhurtus;pursuingitindirectly—bybreakingitdownintosomethingliketheSPIREelements—cancontributetoourwell-being.Startingameditationpractice,exercising,performingactsofkindness,learningsomethingnew,orex-pressinggratitudeforwhatwehaveareallindirectwaysofpursuinghappiness.8.Whatdoestheunderlined.Word“aggregate”probablymeaninthefirstparagraph?A.Combination. B.Conclusion. C.Accumulation. D.Association.9.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardshowwespendourdailylives?A.Favorable. B.Suspicious. C.Objective. D.Indifferent.10.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Beingasuccessleadsonetohappiness.B.Refusingnegativefeelingshelpsusobtainhappiness.C.Goingafterhappinessdirectlymakesonefeelhappy.D.PursuingoneaspectofSPIREcanboostourwell-being.11.Whyisthesunmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tomakeacontrast. B.Tomakeananalogy(類比).C.Toconcludetheargumentation D.Toanswerthepreviousquestion.DYouarewhatyoueat—andwhatyoueatmaybeencodedinyourDNA.Studieshaveindicatedthatyourgeneticsplayaroleindeterminingthefoodsyoufinddeliciousordisgusting.“Everythinghasageneticcomponent,evenifit'ssmall,”saysJoanneCole,ageneticistandaprofessorattheUniversityofColoradoSchoolofMedicine.“Weknowthereissomegeneticcontributiontowhyweeatthefoodsweeat.Canwetakethenextstepandactuallyshowtheexactpositionoftheregionsinthegenome(染色體)?”AnewresearchledbyColehasgottenastepcloser.Throughalarge-scalegenomics(基因體學(xué))analysis,herteamhasidentified481genomeregionsthatweredirectlylinkedtodietarypatternsandfoodpreferences.ThefindingswerepresentedattheAmericanSocietyforNutrition'sannualflagshipconference.Theywerebasedona2020NatureCommunicationsstudybyColeandhercolleaguesthatuseddatafromtheU.K.Biobank,apublicdatabaseofthegeneticandhealthinformationof500,000participants.Byscanninggenomes,thenewanalysiswasabletohomeinon194regionsassociatedwithdietarypatternsand287linkedtospecificfoodssuchasfruit,cheese,fish,teaandalcohol.“Thisstudyhadahugenumberofsubjects,sothat'sreallypowerful,”saysMonicaDus,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,whowasn'tapartofthenewresearchbutstudiestherelationshipbetweengenesandnutrition.“TheotherthingthatIthoughtwasreallygreatisthattheyhavesomanydifferentcharacteristicsthatthey'remeasuringinrespecttodiet,Theyhadcholesterol(膽固醇),thebody,socioeconomicbackgrounds.”Astheresearchadvances,Dussayssuchgenomeanalysescouldpossiblyhelphealthcareproviders—andevenpolicymakers—addresslargerissuesthataffectfoodaccessandhealth.“Insteadoftryingtoobsessover(專注于)tellingpeopletoeatthisorthat,amorepowerfulinterventionistolinkittomakingsuretherearen't'fooddeserts'ortomakesurethatthere'sahigherminimumwage—thingsthathaveabroaderimpact,”shesays.12.WhatisthepurposeofCole'snewresearch?A.ToencodetheroleofDNAindeterminingfoodchoicesB.Toselectgeneticcomponentstightlyrelatedtofoodconsumption.C.Tofigureouttherelationshipbetweengeneticsandfoodpreferences.D.Toidentifyspecificregionsinthegenomerelatedtofoodpreferences.13.What'sparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theprocessofthestudy. B.Thefindingsofthestudy.C.Thedata-sourceofthestudy. D.Thesignificanceofthestudy.14.WhatdoesMonicaDusmeaninthetext?A.Thesubjectsofthestudyarepowerful.B.Theresearchteamstudiedmanyaspectslinkingtodiet.C.Thegenomeanalyseshavenoprospectinthefuture.D.People'swageshouldberaisedbecauseof“fooddeserts”15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.WhatYouEatImpactsYourHealthB.WhatYouEatFormsYourDietaryPatternC.YourGenesMayDetermineYourNutritionalNeedD.YourGenesMayInfluenceWhatYouLiketoEat第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Writingisenjoyableandrewardinganditcanbeahobby,afieldofstudy,andevenacareer.16Allittakesisalittlecreativity,somestrongideas,acommandofyourwrittenlanguage,andanunderstandingofhowliteratureistypicallystructured.Followthetipsbelow,andsoonyou'llbereadytoputyourworkouttherefortheworldtosee.17Readinghelpsyoudevelopafirmgrasponhowstoriesarestructured.Whenyoureadabook,youshouldsplityourattentionbetweentheactualeventsinthebookandthewaytheauthorcomposedthatpieceofliterature.Byreading,you'realsostudyinghowpublishedauthorsuselanguageincreativeandinspiringwaysandhowaskilledwriterhandlesacertainsubject.Journalsareawriter'sbestfriend.18Whenyou'reoutinabar,orridingpublictransportation,youwillwitnessallkindsoffascinatingdisplaysofhumanity.Ifyoukeepadetailedjournal,it'smucheasiertojumpintowritingduringyourwritingtime.You'llhaveideas,conversationsyou'veoverheard,orthoughtsthatstruckyou,andyoumaybeabletoturnthoseitemsintostoriesorpoems.Ifreadersrecognizetheconnectionbetweenyourstoryandsomethingfromeverydaylife,theywillbemorelikelytoappreciateyourstory.19Newspapers,newsmagazines,ornewswebsitescanprovideyouwithasteadystreamofstoryideasintheformofnewsevents.Ifyou'vebeenwritingforawhile,chancesaregoodthatyoukeepgettingdrawnbacktoaparticularstyleortopic.Practicingafavoritetypeofwritingisagreatwaytokeepyourselfmotivated,butmakeanefforttovaryyourwritingexercisesonceinawhile.Ifyourwritingprojectsallsoundsimilar,tryadifferentstyle,orthinkofatopicthatcouldneverfitintoyourusualwritingproject.20A.Goodwritersareactuallygoodreaders.B.Nodoubtanyonecanbeacreativewriter.C.Theycanhelpyoubetterexpressyourself.D.Soalwayspaycloseattentiontocurrentevents.E.Asyouknow,writingisdifferentfromreading.F.Youcanusethemasaplacetogatheryourthoughts.G.Takingonnewchallengesisvitalforimprovementinanyfield.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ihateheights.I21whenahotelclerkplacesmehigherthanthethirdfloor.Onsightseeingtrips,Ineedalotofgentle22frommycompanionsbeforesteppingontotheobservationdecks.ThenIcountedtheminutes23,untiltheirelevatorsreturnedmesafelytotheground.ButIwas24forparasailing.EachtimeIglanceuptoseesomeone25frombeneathabrightlycoloredparachute(降落傘),I'dwavebackwithadmiration,26:Whatwoulditbeliketoseethebeachfromhighabove?IhopesomedayIcanfindtheanswer27.Yearslater,onafamilytriptoLakeErie'sislands,we28tochooseonethingwemostwantedtodo.Visitamuseum?Hearlivemusic?Wesurfedtheinternet,researching29.AndthenIrememberedthose30.Webookedourreservation.Thenextmorning,I31withmyself.Partofmewantedto32:“Ijustcan't.”Butanotherpartknewthose33voiceswouldneverpipedownunlessImademydreamtrue.Then,Iwashighupinthesky.Ikeptwaitingto34asI'dimagineditwouldbejustlikethosehorribleskyscrapervisits.Butitwasthevery35.Highabove,Ifeltsocalmingandpeaceful,surroundedbythatblue.21.A.showoff B.tumup C.reachout D.backoff22.A.comment B.persuasion C.trust D.permission23.A.nervously B.casually C.tentatively D.curiously24.A.responsible B.desperate C.prepared D.unsuitable25.A.skipping B.arguing C.waving D.slipping26.A.wondering B.explaining C.whispering D.complaining27.A.inadvance B.inperson C.atrandom D.onend28.A.applied B.pretended C.agreed D.happened29.A.limitations B.instructions C.options D.competitions30.A.beachlovers B.pioneers C.attentionseekers D.parasailers31.A.cooperated B.corresponded C.compared D.struggled32.A.contact B.relax C.quit D.change33.A.sympathetic B.familiar C.thrilling D.discouraging34.A.panic B.doubt C.respond D.test35.A.extreme B.opposite C.expectation D.impression第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Printisamediumformasscommunication,whichhasenabled36(artist)tobeknownandfamiliar37awideraudience.ThePrints-ARiotofColors,anexhibition38(feature)some130printscreatedbygenerationsofChineseartists,theoldestoneof39datesbacktothe1930s,openedonMondayattheGuardianArtCenterinBeijing.Anonlineauction(拍賣)ofmostoftheshowpiecesheldbyChinaGuardianAuctionsisrunningwiththeexhibition.40(divide)intofivesections,thelong-runningshowisaimed41(offer)artcollectorsandthegeneralpublicalikeanopportunitytolearnaboutChina'smodern,contemporaryprintartand42(far)explorethemarketvalueofprints,accordingtoLiuZehui,thepersoninchargeoftheshow.In1931,thefamouswriterandsocialactivistLuXun43(support)theNewWoodcutMovementinShanghai.Hepromotedthemodernwoodcut,whichwaspopularintheWestbutstill44essentialChineseformwhosetechniquesreachedmaturityduringtheTangDynasty,asthemost45(access)andefficientvehicleforcirculatingnewrevolutionarythoughtamongthemasses.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）你是某國際學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)主席。你校準(zhǔn)備組織一次“讓文物活起來”（BringCulturalRelicstoLife）的活動(dòng)，請你用英語寫一篇開幕辭，歡迎參加活動(dòng)的師生。內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歡迎；2.活動(dòng)目的；3.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。2.參考詞匯：手工藝品artifact。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文Myfather,Michael,ledmethroughthelittlewoodenhousehe'dfilledwithhispaintings.“WhenIhaveanexhibition.”hebegan,pointingtotheartworkshe'dcreated,beforestopping.“PoorPa,”Ithought.In1994hegotParkinson'sDisease(帕金森氏病),whichhadshockedthewholefamilyashewasonlyinhisforties.Ahusbandandfathertothree,Pahadhadasuccessfulcareerrunninganadvertisingagencyandhadalwaysbeenextremelycreative.Outsideofwork,he'dspent15yearsfrontingthecoverband,MusicalChairs,whichperformedatthepubinSydney'sDoubleBayeachweekand,whenIbecameamother,hedevelopedaveryclosebondwithmydaughter.EvenwhenhisParkinson'sadvanced,myfatherdecidedhewantedtopaint.“Whydon'tyoutryclasses?”mymumLouisasuggestedtohim.Heagreed.Inartlessons,theclasspractisedpaintingstilllifeobjects,likepears,butmyfatherhadotherideasforhisinspiration.Hebeganproducingabstractpieces,inspiredbyhisfavouriteartist,JacksonPollock,aleadingabstractexpressionist.“Whyabstract?”Iaskedhim.“Because,”hereplied,“ithelpsustoseetheworldaroundusinadifferentway.Youcanlookatthesepaintingsandask‘whatif’?”Soon,Irealizedhewasright.WhenIobservedmyfather'swork,Icouldinterpreteachoftheminmanyways.Oncehegotstarted,heshowednosignsofslowingdown.Thelittlehousewasquicklyfilledwithmoreandmoreworks.Butin2019,Padevelopedcancerandwasgivenjustthreemonthstolive.Thethoughtoflosinghimwastoomuchforanyofmyfamilytoaccept,butwesoonreceivedgreatnewsthatanewformoftreatmentcanhelphimgreatly.Sincehecontinuedspeakingaboutwantingtosharehispaintingswiththeworld,Iknewwhathadtobedone.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ItoldhimIwouldhelporganizeanexhibition.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Amonthlater,thebigdayfinallycame.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________項(xiàng)城市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月第四次段考英語參考答案A【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了澳大利亞的四個(gè)節(jié)假日休閑好去處。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CraigmhorMountainRetreat部分中的“Craigmhorisaperfectbaseforbushwalk-ing,mountainbiking,fishing,andbirdwatching.(Craigmhor是叢林漫步、山地自行車、釣魚和觀鳥的理想基地)”可知，你如果喜歡鳥，可以去CraigmhorMoun-tainRetreat看鳥。故選B。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStoneCotage部分中的“thetwo-bedroomself-containedhouseisperfectforsmallfamiliesandcouples(這套兩居室的獨(dú)立式房子非常適合小家庭和情侶)”和“Privatefromthemainhouse,theone-bedroomself-containedcottagehasaveranda(這間有一間臥室的獨(dú)立小屋與主屋分開，有一個(gè)陽臺)”可知，在TheStoneCottage一共有三個(gè)臥室。故選C。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStoneCottage部分中的“Petsarewelcome(歡迎攜帶寵物)”和CountryBamRetreat分中“Petfriendly,however,youwouldneedtomakearrangementswithElaineorJohnfirst.(寵物友好型，但是你需要先與伊萊恩或約翰做出安排)”可知，最后兩個(gè)目的地的特殊之處是都允許帶寵物。故選A。B【文章大意】本篇是一篇記敘文，講述了作者早年坐火車旅行并寫旅行書籍的事跡，引發(fā)了作者對時(shí)代變遷和旅行的思考。4.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Ihopedmytripwouldn'tsufferalot,thoughitwasobviouslyaleapinthedark.”以及前面的“Ididn'thaveacreditcard.IhadnoideawhereI'dbestayingnorhowlongthistripwouldtake.AndI'dneverwrittenatravelbookbefore.”可知，這次火車旅行和寫書的經(jīng)歷對作者來說都是從未有過的體驗(yàn)，他期望旅途不要遭受太多（苦難），說明他預(yù)料到旅途的辛苦。5.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theromanceassociatedwiththesleepingcarcomesfromthefactthatitisextremelyprivate”可知，作者認(rèn)為sleepingcar十分隱蔽，能提供讓人安心的隱私。6.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)后文的“Alltravelistime-related.Allsuchtripsaresingularandunrepeatable.It'snotjustthatthesteamtrainsofAsiaaregone,butmuchofthepeaceandorderisgone.”可知，作者認(rèn)為交通方式和旅行本身都隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展而變化了很多。7.D【解析】主旨大意題。文章中作者在火車旅途過程中收獲了很多，并且在多次旅行的對比中體會(huì)到了時(shí)代變遷。C【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。作者探討了幸福的五大組成部分(SPRE)及三種追求幸福路上的障礙，并認(rèn)為間接追求幸福是最好的方式。8.A【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一自然段第一句“Happiness,asIseeit,comprisesfiveelements”可知，在作者看來，幸福是由五個(gè)元素組成...，即幸福是五大元素的集合或結(jié)合。9.C【解析】作者態(tài)度判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二，三句“Thisisnotagoodorabadthing.Itsimplyis,likethelawofnature,”可知，這不是一件好的或者壞的事情，它只是像自然法則一樣。這里作者對影響我們?nèi)绾味冗^每一天的生活的想法—以我們認(rèn)為會(huì)讓自己感到更快樂的事情為導(dǎo)向，持有客觀中立態(tài)度。10.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四自然段“Thesecondbarrierhastodowithequatinghappinesswithsuccess”可知，通向幸福的第二障礙是將幸福和成功等同起來，所以A錯(cuò)。根據(jù)第三自然段“Thisexpectation,however,preventspeoplefromexperiencinghappinessbecausepainfulemotionsdon'tgoawaybutgrowstrongerwhenwerejectthem.”可知，這種期待阻止人們體驗(yàn)幸福。因?yàn)楫?dāng)我們拒絕痛苦情感時(shí)，它們不會(huì)消失反而會(huì)增強(qiáng)，所以B錯(cuò)，根據(jù)第五自然段“Yet,ifIwakeupinthemorninganddecidetopursuehappinessstraight,Iwillbecomelesshappy.”可知，如果我早上醒來并決定直接追求幸福，我并沒有那么開心，所以C錯(cuò)。根據(jù)最后一段“pursuingitindirectly—bybreakingitdownintosomethingliketheSPIREelements-cancontributetoourwell-being.”可知，間接地追求—把它分解成像SPRE元素之類的東西—可以有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)幸福，故D正確。11.B【解析】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容，直視陽光會(huì)傷害自己，然而用棱鏡分解同樣的陽光，就能看到彩虹的顏色。同樣地，直接追求幸福也會(huì)傷害我們，而間接追求，把它分解成像SPRE元素之類的東西，有助于我們實(shí)現(xiàn)幸福。所以，作者這里提及陽光是為了做類比。D【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。研究表明基因在決定你覺得食物是美味還是難吃方面有一定的作用。研究者們通過大規(guī)模的基因組分析，確定了481個(gè)與飲食模式和食物偏好相關(guān)直接的基因組區(qū)域或位點(diǎn)，包括194個(gè)與飲食模式有關(guān)的區(qū)域和287個(gè)特定貪物相關(guān)的區(qū)域。12.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一自然段最后一句“Canwetakethenextstepandactuallyshowtheexactpositionoftheregionsinthegenome?”可知，我們能進(jìn)一步準(zhǔn)確定位其在染色體中的區(qū)域嗎？C?1開展研究就是要確定決定食物偏好基因在染色體上具體位點(diǎn)。所以，D正確。13.B【解析】主旨大意題。從第三自然段可知，Cole的研究數(shù)據(jù)來源于英國生物銀行的數(shù)據(jù)，并通過掃描基因組和分析，鎖定了194個(gè)與飲食模式有關(guān)的區(qū)域和287個(gè)與水果、奶酪、魚、茶和西精等特定食物相關(guān)的區(qū)域。進(jìn)一步了解基因是如何影響我們飲食的，可以揭示營養(yǎng)需求或疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的差異。所以，本段主要講的是研究的結(jié)果及前景。14.B【解析】推理判斷題。從第四自然段“TheotherthingthatIthoughtwasreallygreatisthattheyhavesomanydifferentcharacteristicsthatthey'remeasuringinrespeettodiet.可知，另外一件很棒的事情在于他們考量了飲食很多方面的不同特征。15.D【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一自然段第一句“andwhatyoueatmaybeencodedinyourDNA."和第二句"Studieshaveindicatedthatyourgenetiesplayaroleindeterminingthefoodsyoufinddeliciousordisgusting?！笨芍Ｄ愕幕驔Q定了你吃什么東西。16.B17.A18.F19.D20.G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是幾種練習(xí)寫作的建議，幫助讀者寫出好文章。16.根據(jù)空后的“Allittakesisalittlecreativity,somestrongideas,acommandofyourwrittenlanguage,andanunderstandingofhowliteratureistypicallystructured.(它所需要的只是一點(diǎn)創(chuàng)造力，一些強(qiáng)有力的想法，對書面語言的掌握，以及對文學(xué)作品典型結(jié)構(gòu)的理解。)”講述的是它所需要的是什么，其中的代詞it指代的應(yīng)為空處的內(nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)“Nodoubtanyonecanbeacreativewriter.”講述的是每個(gè)人都可以成為有創(chuàng)造力的作家，可以為空后的it指代的內(nèi)容，同時(shí)creative與空后的creativity為解題的關(guān)鍵信息。故選B項(xiàng)。17.根據(jù)上一段中的尾句“Followthetipsbelow,andsoonyou'llbereadytoputyourworkouttherefortheworldtosee.(遵循下面的建議，很快你就可以把你的作品展示給全世界了。)”可知，此空處應(yīng)為寫作的建議之一，結(jié)合空后的“Readinghelpsyoudevelopafirmgrasponhowstoriesarestructured.(閱讀可以幫助你牢牢把握故事的結(jié)構(gòu)。)”可知，此處講述的是閱讀對寫作的好處，所以該建議應(yīng)與閱讀相關(guān)，A選項(xiàng)“Goodwritersareactuallygoodreaders.(好的作家其實(shí)也是好的讀者。)”與本段講述的內(nèi)容一致，且可以概括本段主題。故選A項(xiàng)。18.根據(jù)本段的主題句“Journalsareawriter'sbestfriend.(日記是作家最好的朋友。)”可知，本段給寫作的建議是寫日記，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Youcanusethemasaplacetogatheryourthoughts.(你可以把它們作為一個(gè)地方來收集你的想法?！敝械膖hem為解題的關(guān)鍵信息，指代的為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，與journals內(nèi)容一致，也就是日記成為你收集想法的地方。故選F項(xiàng)。19.根據(jù)空前的主題句“Ifreadersrecognizetheconnectionbetweenyourstoryandsomethingfromeverydaylife,theywillbemorelikelytoappreciateyourstory.(如果讀者認(rèn)識到你的故事和日常生活之間的聯(lián)系，他們將更有可能欣賞你的故事?！笨芍?，如果寫作的內(nèi)容與日常生活有關(guān)系，讀者將更可能欣賞你的故事，結(jié)合下文中的“Newspapers,newsmagazines,ornewswebsitescanprovideyouwithasteadystreamofstoryideasintheformofnewsevents.(報(bào)紙、新聞雜志或新聞網(wǎng)站可以以新聞事件的形式為你提供源源不斷的故事靈感?！笨芍?，新聞報(bào)紙中的很多新聞事件可以成為你寫故事的靈感，由此可知，此空處應(yīng)為過渡句，D選項(xiàng)“Soalwayspaycloseattentiontocurrentevents.(所以要時(shí)刻關(guān)注時(shí)事。)”講述的內(nèi)容與空前的內(nèi)容為因果關(guān)系，且currentevents與空后的newsevents內(nèi)容相關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)。20.根據(jù)空前的“Ifyourwritingprojectsallsoundsimilar,tryadifferentstyle,orthinkofatopicthatcouldneverfitintoyourusualwritingproject.(如果你的寫作項(xiàng)目聽起來都很相似，嘗試不同的風(fēng)格，或者考慮一個(gè)不適合你通常寫作項(xiàng)目的主題。)”可知，此處建議嘗試不同的風(fēng)格，后者考慮寫一個(gè)不是通常的寫作主題，G選項(xiàng)“Takingonnewchallengesisvitalforimprovementinanyfield.(接受新的挑戰(zhàn)對任何領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)步都至關(guān)重要。)”中的newchallenges與空前的“tryadifferentstyle”以及“atopicthatcouldneverfitintoyourusualwritingproject”內(nèi)容一致。故選G。21.D22.B23.A24.B25.C26.A27.B28.C29.C30.D31.D32.C33.D34.A35.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是作者恐高，卻又很想玩兒滑翔傘，作者最終戰(zhàn)勝了自己的恐懼，實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢想?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)酒店職員把我安排在三樓以上時(shí)，我后退了。A.showoff炫耀；B.tumup出現(xiàn)：C.reachout伸出；D.backoff后退。根據(jù)上文“Ihateheights”可知，作者恐高，當(dāng)酒店職員把作者安排在三樓以上時(shí)，作者后退了。故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在觀光旅行中，在登上觀景臺之前，我需要同伴們的許多溫柔勸說。A.comment評論；B.persuasion說服；C.trust信任；D.permission允許。根據(jù)“Ihateheights”可知，作者恐高，所以在登上觀景臺之前，作者需要同伴勸才會(huì)愿意登上去。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我緊張地?cái)?shù)著時(shí)間，直到電梯把我安全送回地面。A.nervously緊張地；B.casually隨意地；C.tentatively試驗(yàn)性地；D.curiously好奇地。根據(jù)上文“Ihateheights”可知，作者恐高，所以很緊張地等著回到地面。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我非常想玩滑翔傘。A.responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的；B.desperate拼命的；C.prepared準(zhǔn)備好的；D.unsuitable不適合的。根據(jù)下文“I'dwavebackwithadmiration”可知，作者很羨慕玩兒滑翔傘的，可見作者非常想玩滑翔傘。故選B。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每次我抬頭看到有人在色彩鮮艷的滑翔傘下?lián)]手時(shí)，我都會(huì)羨慕地向他揮手，心想：從高處看海灘會(huì)是什么樣子？A.skipping跳過；B.arguing爭論；C.waving揮動(dòng)；D.slipping滑倒。根據(jù)下文“I'dwaveback”可知，玩兒滑翔傘的人是給作者揮手。故選C。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每次我抬頭看到有人在色彩鮮艷的滑翔傘下?lián)]手時(shí)，我都會(huì)羨慕地向他揮手，心想：從高處看海灘會(huì)是什么樣子？A.wonde