組合練(九)閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·福州畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測)TheMostTech－FriendlySchoolintheWorldForgetapenandpaper!Thisnew－fashionedschoolreliesoniPads,touchscreens,projectorsandevenelectroniclockerkeys.ThePhiladelphiaSchooloftheFuture'smaingoalistoequipstudentswiththemostknowledgeintechnologyfields.Whileitstruggledbackwhenitopenedin2006,itisnowoneofthemostin－demandschools.HamburgerUniversityNo,thisschoolisn'taboutperfectingthehamburger.Actually,itsortofis!TheMcDonald'strainingfacilityiswhererestaurantmanagersgotolearnthecraft(手藝).Frommakingahamburgertodealingwithcomplainingcustomers,ittakesalottohandletherunningofMickyD's.Also,imaginehavingHamburgerUniversityonyourresume(簡歷)．Nowthatwouldmakeyoustandoutfromthecrowd!Real－LifeClown(小丑)CollegeWhilemoviesandtelevisionsshowslovetomakefunofkidsandadultsalikerunningofftojoinclowncollegeorthecircusbutitturnsoutthatitwasn'tmadeup.TheRinglingBrotherssetupanumberofcoursesandschoolsaroundtheUnitedStatestoteachwillingstudentstheartofclowningaround.It'satoughjob,right?Imaginewearingabrightrednosewhilekidsscreamatyouforaballoonanimal.CharlesW．HowardSantaClausSchoolSetupinthe1930s,thisfamousinstitutionaimstoproducetheverybestSantas.PotentialSantaswilllearnhowtointeractwithchildrenandofcourse,howtolaughliketherealdeal.Whileyouwouldn'ttakethecourseunlessyouplannedonbeingaprofessionalSanta,itsurewouldbefuntoplaydressupforaday![語篇解讀]本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四所風格獨特的學校。1．WhatdoweknowaboutThePhiladelphiaSchooloftheFuture?A．Ithasbeenrunsmoothlysince2006.B．Itemploysdigitaldeviceinfruitfulways.C．Itspopularityhasdeclinedinrecentyears.D．Itaimstospreadknowledgeinmanyfields.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheMostTech－FriendlySchoolintheWorld部分第二句“Thisnew－fashionedschoolreliesoniPads,touchscreens，projectorsandevenelectroniclockerkeys.”可知，這所新式學校依賴于iPad、觸摸屏、投影儀甚至還有電子鑰匙。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推知，ThePhiladelphiaSchooloftheFuture使用了豐富的電子設(shè)備。故選B。答案：B2．Whichschoolmayhelpyoubecomeacomedian?A．ThePhiladelphiaSchooloftheFuture.B．HamburgerUniversity.C．Real－LifeClownCollege.D．CharlesW．HowardSantaClausSchool.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)Real－LifeClownCollege部分第二句“TheRinglingBrotherssetupanumberofcoursesandschoolsaroundtheUnitedStatestoteachwillingstudentstheartofclowningaround.”可知，Ringling兄弟(馬戲團)在美國各地開設(shè)了很多課程并建立了學校來教授那些愿意學習小丑藝術(shù)的人。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推知，Real－LifeClownCollege這所學?？赡軙椭愠蔀橐幻矂⊙輪T。故選C。答案：C3．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefourschools?A．Entertaining. B．Ancient.C．Wild. D．Unusual.解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，第一所學校的教學設(shè)備以高科技產(chǎn)品為主；第二所學校教授人們怎樣做漢堡；第三所學校教會人們怎樣逗他人開心；第四所學校教會人們怎樣成為最好的圣誕老人。由此可推知，這四所學校與常規(guī)的學校不一樣，它們都很獨特。故選D。答案：DB(2021·青島高三診斷性訓練)KevinRandall,ateacher,whoteachesbiologyatGrandvilleHighSchool,runstheenvironmentalclubatthehighschool,whichhasaround2，000students.TheclubisknownastheGHSGreenTeam,anditaimstoraiseawarenessamongstudentsandteachersaboutsustainability(持續(xù)性).Italsoworksonprojectstoreducetheenvironmentalfootprintofthebuildingitself.Oneoftheclub'srecentprojectsfocusedonreducingwasteintheschoolcafeteria.Randallsaidtheircafeteriasupervisortoldthemthattheschoolwentthrough54，000plasticforkseveryyear.Theclubappliedforthefinancialhelp,builtrecyclingcentersforthecafeteria,andpurchasedmetalsilverware.Andnoweverystudentusesadurablemetalforkoraspooninsteadofdisposables(一次性用品),“andthat'sjustonewaywe'retryingtocapturethelow－h(huán)angingfruit,ifyouwill，”Randallsaid.TheeffortsofRandallandhisstudentshaveearnedGrandvilleHighSchooltheMichiganGreenSchoolcertificationfromthestate.Inadditiontotheirworkreducingwasteinthecafeteria,theGHSGreenTeamhasalsobuiltagardenwithflowersandvegetablesoncampus,andleadscleanupsonsiteandoutinthecommunity.Overtheyears,Randallandhisstudentshavealsobeenworkingonraisingmoneytoinstallsolarpanels(太陽能電池板)ontheroofofthehighschool.Randallsaidhewasmotivatedtotaketheleadonenvironmentalissuesforhisschoolbecausehewantedhisstudentstohavesomeonetoturntointhebuildingwhounderstandswhat'satstake(有風險)whenitcomestoclimatechange.“AndIalsofeltlikeIneededtodomoreinmylifeformyowntwochildrenathome，”Randalladded.“Theyneedtoknowthattheirdadisworkingashardashecantoreducetheeffectsofclimatechange,andtospreadtheword,andtomakesurethatotherstudentsouttherearelearningaboutthisjustthewaytheyareathome.”[語篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。一位高中生物老師通過成立環(huán)境俱樂部，組織各種各樣的活動，教育并鼓勵年輕人為保護環(huán)境做力所能及的事情。4．WhatisthepurposeoftheGHSGreenTeamclub?A．Toinspirestudents'loveforbiology.B．Tofinishtheprojectsassignedbyschool.C．Topreparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs.D．Topromoteenvironmentalprotection.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“itaimstoraiseawarenessamongstudentsandteachersaboutsustainability...toreducetheenvironmentalfootprintofthebuildingitself”可推知，GHS綠色團隊旨在提高學生和教師對(環(huán)境)可持續(xù)性的認識，還致力于減少建筑本身的環(huán)境足跡，即促進環(huán)境保護。故選D。答案：D5．What'stheresultoftheprojectontheschoolcafeteria?A．Ithaschangedtheoutlookofthecafeteria.B．Studentscanhavemorefruitsinthecafeteria.C．Plasticforksarenolongerusedinthecafeteria.D．Theschoolhasbecomefamousnationwide.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“noweverystudentusesadurablemetalforkoraspooninsteadofdisposables”可知，現(xiàn)在，每個學生都用耐用的金屬叉子或勺子代替一次性用品。故選C。答案：C6．What'sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theclassificationoftheprojects.B．Thecharacteristicsoftheclub.C．Theactivitiesorganizedbytheclub.D．Thefutureoftheclub.解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的“reducingwasteinthecafeteria”“builtagarden”“l(fā)eadscleanups”“installsolarpanels”可知，本段主要介紹了減少自助餐廳浪費、在校園里建造了花園、在現(xiàn)場和社區(qū)開展清理工作、為學校屋頂安裝太陽能電池板等一些由俱樂部組織的活動。答案：C7．WhatwasRandall'saimbydoingtheworkonenvironmentalissues?A．Toeducatetheyoung.B．Togetmaterialrewards.C．Toamusehischildren.D．Tomakehimselffamous.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“domoreinmylifeformyowntwochildren”“makesurethatotherstudentsouttherearelearningaboutthis”可知，Randall竭盡所能為孩子們做榜樣，教育這些年輕人保護環(huán)境。故選A。答案：ACWhatwillourworldbelikein2050?Therearetwofeaturesinthegrowthofworldpopulation.First,theannualincreaseinpopulationin15Europeancountries,inthepastfewyears,hasbeenonly300，000.TheUnitedNationsestimatesthatby2050,thepopulationofEuropeancountrieswilldecreasefromthecurrent0.72billionto0.63billion.Second,thepopulationindevelopingcountriesisgrowingrapidly.By2050,thepopulationofAfricaisexpectedtoreach1.8billion,0.9billionmorethanitscurrentpopulation.ArecentresearchreportpublishedbytheUnitedNationsindicatesthatitisquitepossiblethattheEarth'stemperatureisrisingwellabovethepreviousestimate.TheAntarcticicesheet,whichcontains90%oftheworld'sice,haslostsignificantmassinthepastfewyears.Thediscoverycomesasasurprisetoscientists,whothoughtthatthecontinentwouldgainicethiscenturybecauseofincreasedsnowfallinawarmingclimate.AresearchteamfromtheUniversityofColoradousedsatellitedatatoestimatethattheicesheetwillloseupto48cubicmilesby2050.Africa'sriversfacegreatchangethatwillleaveaquarterofthecontinentseverelyshortofwaterbythemiddleofthecentury,accordingtoaglobalwarmingstudypublishedtoday.EvenmodestdecreasesinraininwesternAfricawillseeriversloseasmuchas80%oftheirwaterandariseofwhatthescientistscall“waterrefugees”.“Inthoseareaswherethereisalreadyawatershortage,it'sgoingtohaveadestructiveeffect，”thestudysays.“Ifyou'realreadywalking5kmtotheneareststream,by2050,it'sgoingtomeanwalking30kmormovingyourwholehouseholdclosertothewatersource.”[語篇解讀]這是一篇說明文。作者從人口、氣候、水源幾個方面預(yù)測了2050年的地球?qū)兊萌绾巍?．Whichofthefollowingsituationsin2050isNOTmentionedinthetext?A．Populationchange. B．Economicdecline.C．Globalwarming. D．Watershortage.解析：細節(jié)理解題。本文介紹了到2050年時地球的一些情況，包括人口、全球變暖和水資源短缺，并沒有提經(jīng)濟衰退。答案：B9．Whatsurprisesthescientistsaccordingtoparagraph3?A．TheAntarcticicesheethasdecreased.B．TheEarth'stemperatureisgoingdown.C．GlobalwarmingisdestroyingtheEarth.D．SnowfallincreasesintheAntarcticarea.解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“TheAntarcticicesheet，whichcontains90%oftheworld'sice,haslostsignificantmassinthepastfewyears.Thediscoverycomesasasurprisetoscientists”可知，科學家驚訝是因為他們原本以為南極會下更多的雪，有更多的冰，但是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)南極其實會失去大量的冰。答案：A10．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphstress?A．TheillfateofAfrica'srivers.B．Theimportanceofdoingexercise.C．ThehardlifeoftheAfricanrefugees.D．Theseriousnessofthewaterproblem.解析：推理判斷題。第四段最后一句的意思是“現(xiàn)在需要走5公里取水的人們到了2050年必須走30公里或搬到水源地生活”，再結(jié)合本段其他內(nèi)容可以推斷，劃線句子強調(diào)的是將來缺水的情況將會更加嚴重。答案：D11．Whatwasthemostpossiblefeelingoftheauthorwhenhewrotethistext?A．Happy. B．Angry.C．Worried. D．Calm.解析：推理判斷題。全文對2050年的表述都是負面的推測，由此可知作者的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是擔憂的。答案：CD(2021·煙臺第一次質(zhì)檢)Ifyou'veeverbeenonafishingboat,you'veprobablyseencrowdsofbirdsfollowingit,hopingtocatchasnack.Nowscientistsusethosebirds'behaviortotrackillegalfishingboats.Researchersattacheddataloggerstothebacksof169albatrosses(信天翁)inIndianoceans.Weighingonly42grams,thedevicesincludedaGPS,whichenabledthemtodetectthepresenceandintensityofradarsignalsemittedbyboats.Thatinformationwasthensentbysatellite,sotheresearcherscouldtrackthelocationofthebirds—andthustheradar－emittingboats—inrealtime.Thescientiststhencross－checkedthatdataagainsttheknownlocationsofboats,collectedfromasystemboatsusetodeclarethemselves,calledtheAutomaticIdentificationSystem(AIS).Andnoticeabledifferencesappearedfrequently.Morethanathirdofthetimesthebird“l(fā)oggers”detectedradarsignals,andthereforeaboat,butnosuchboatappearedintheofficiallog—meaningthatthevehicleshadlikelyswitchedofftheirAIS—somethingthatprobablyhappensinillegalfishingoperations.Theworksuggestsbirdscouldbeaneffectiveboat－monitoringtoolaslongasillegalfishingoperationsdon'ttargetthebirds.Fortunately,suchataskwouldbedifficult.Aroundfishingboats,youcanfindhundredsofbirdsatanyonetimethatareflyingaround.Andthebirdswithloggersarenotmarkedinanyway.Soit'snotreallypossibleforfishermentopickoutaspecificbird.Butwhatconcernsresearchersisthatalbatrossesoftengetcaughtbysomefishingboats.Thoughregulationshavebeenestablishedtoprotectagainstthathappening—withsuccess—illegalboatsdon'tnecessarilyobey.Soscientistsmightbeunderestimatingtheriskposedtoalbatrosspopulations.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇科普說明文。本文講述科學家利用鳥類追逐漁船的天性，在一些鳥身上裝上追蹤器，追蹤那些儀器測不出的進行非法捕撈作業(yè)的漁船。12．Whatcharacteristicofalbatrossesdoscientiststakeadvantageofintheirresearch?A．Theirfeedingpatterns.B．Theirsenseofdirection.C．Theirgreedybehaviors.D．Theirhabitoffollowingfishingboats.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章首段可知，科學家利用信天翁追逐漁船的特點去定位漁船。故D選項正確。答案：D13．ForwhatpurposedoesaboatshutoffitsAIS?A．Toseekmorefishes.B．Tohaveitmistakenforanother.C．Toavoidbeingdetected.D．Tosavethetroubleofdeclaringitself.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“thevehicleshadlikelyswitchedofftheirAIS—somethingthatprobablyhappensinillegalfishingoperations”可知，有些漁船為了從事非法捕撈作業(yè)時不被檢測到而關(guān)閉了AIS系統(tǒng)。故C選項正確。答案：C14．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“suchatask”inparagraph6referto?A．Identifyingbirdswithloggers.B．Monitoringillegalboats.C．Trackingradarsignalsautomatically.D．Fishingillegally.解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段中的“aslongasillegalfishingoperationsdon'ttargetthebirds”及第六段內(nèi)容可知，這一任務(wù)是指漁民識別并攻擊信天翁，因為后文中提到跟著漁船的鳥太多，要從中找出某一只鳥并不容易。故選A。答案：A15．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AIS:anEffectiveSystemtoLocateBoatsB．HumansAreGoodatDiscoveringBirds'NatureC．DataLoggersHelpFishermenGetaGoodHarvestD．ScientistsUseBirdstoTrackIllegalFishingOperations解析：標題歸納題。本文以信天翁為例主要講述科學家通過鳥類追逐漁船的天性，在一些鳥身上裝上輕便的設(shè)備，以追蹤非法捕撈的漁船。答案：DⅡ.閱讀七選五(2021·江南四校高三檢測)Itseemsthattheissueoverbatsisonewheremanyhumansaredivided.16Butthosewhoknowaboutthebatsinmoredetailsaretheonesthatfindthemtobefascinatingcreatures.Rabies(狂犬病)isoftenthoughttobecarriedbydogs.However,batscarryittooandmorepeopleareinfectedbythemannuallythanbydogs.Abatcanbiteahumanastheysleepandthepersonmaynotevenfeelit.17Careshouldbetakenabouthowareaswherebatswerelivingarecleaned.Infact,itisbesttoallowaprofessionaltocleanupthewastethathasbeenleftbehind.18Itcanalsoresultindustfromoldwastereleasingharmfulpiecesthatcangetbreathedin.19Forexample,insomeareasfarmerspay