綜合A第1部分：詞匯選項（第1~15題，每題1分，共15分）下面共有15個句子，每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的4個選項中選擇1個與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。答案一律涂在答題卡相應的位置上。Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.AexplainedBinventedCconsideredDacceptedHetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.AheavyBstrongCkindDwildItisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.AmakingBtakingCdiscussingDexpectingOurstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducingAwasteBbuyCuseDsellThefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.AfunctionBabilityCpowerDvolumeOurlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.AtenselyBnearlyCcarefullyDcloselyHerfaithupheldherintimesofsadnessAsupportedBexcitedCinspiredDdirectedThebookprovidesaconciseanalysisofthecountry’shistory.AcleanBperfectCrealDbriefItislaiddownintheregulationsthatallmembersmustcarrytheirmembershipcardsatalltimes.AsuggestedBwarnedCstatedDconfirmedThecouncilmeetingterminatedat2o’clockAbeganBcontinuedCendedDresumedAredflagwasplacedthereasatokenofdanger.AsignBsubstituteCproofDtargetHoweverbadthesituationis,themajorityisunwillingtoriskchange.AreluctantBeagerCpleasedDangryIthasbeensaidthattheActsprovidedanewcourseofactionanddidnotmerelyregulateorenlargeanoldone.AlimitBcontrolCreplaceDoffsetThesecretaryisexpectedtoexploreideasforpost-warreconstructionofthearea.AdenyBinvestigateCstressDcreateThesteadilyrisingcostoflaboronthewaterfronthasgreatlyincreasedthecostofshippingcargobywater.AgraduallyBsuddenlyCexcessivelyDexceptionally第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16~22題，每題1分，共7分）閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑PrinciplesofGoverningPersuasionIfleadershipconsistsofgettingthingdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’sessentialtools.Manyexecutiveshaveassumedthatthistoolisbeyondtheirgrasp,availableonlytothecharismatic(有魅力的)andtheeloquent.Overthepastseveraldecades,though,experimentalpsychologistshavelearnedwhichmethodsreliablyleadpeopletoconcede,comply,orchange.Theirresearchshowsthatpersuasionisgovernedbyseveralprinciplesthatcanbetaughtandapplied.Thefirstprincipleisthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowsomeonewhoissimilartothemthansomeonewhoisnot.Wisemanagers,then,askpeerstohelpmaketheircases.Second,peoplearemorewillingtocooperatewiththosewhoarenotonlylikethembutwholikethem,aswell.Soit’sworththetimetouncoverrealsimilaritiesandoffergenuinepraise.Third,experimentsconfirmtheintuitivetruththatpeopletendtotreatyouthewayyoutreatthem.It’ssoundpolicytodoafavorbeforeseekingone.Fourth,individualsaremorelikelytokeeppromisestheymakevoluntarilyandclearly.Themessageformanagershereistogetcommitmentsinwriting.Fifth,studiesshowthatpeoplereallydodeferto(服從)experts.Sobeforetheyattempttoexertinfluence,executivesshouldtakepainstoestablishtheirownexpertiseandnotassumethatit’sself-evident.Finally,peoplewantmoreofacommoditywhenit’sscarce;itfollows,then,thatexclusiveinformationismorepersuasivethanwidelyavailabledata.Experimentshaveconfirmedtheassumptionofmanyexecutives.ArightBWrongCNotmentionedPeoplearemorelikelytocooperatewiththosewholikethem.ArightBWrongCNotmentionedManagersdonotemploythosewhoarequitedifferentfromthem.ArightBWrongCNotmentionedThereisnoneedforamanagertofindoutthemeritsofhisemployees.ArightBWrongCNotmentionedExperimentshaveshownthat,contrarytoourexpectation,peopletendtotreatyouthewayyoutreatthem.ArightBWrongCNotmentionedThereareasmanywisemanagersastherearestupidones.ArightBWrongCNotmentionedExclusiveinformationismorepersuasivethanwidelyknowndata.ArightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23~ 30題，每題1分，共8分）閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務：（1）第23~26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2,3,5和6段每段選擇1個正確的小標題；（2）第27~30題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。KeepingCutFlowers1Whileeverybodyenjoysfreshcutflowersaroundhishouse,fewpeopleknowhowtokeepthemforaslongaspossible.Thismaybedonebykeepinginmindafewsimplefacts.2Animportantthingtorememberaboutcutflowersisthattheyaresensitivetotemperature.Forexample,studieshaveshownthatcutcarnations(康乃馨)retaintheirfreshnesseighttimeslongerwhenkeptat12oCthanwhenkeptat260c.Keepingfreshlyharvestedflowersattherighttemperaturesisprobablythemostimportantaspectofflowercare.3Flowersarenotintendedbynaturetoliveverylong.Theirbiologicalpurposeissimplytoattractbirdsorinsects,suchasbees,forpollination(授粉).Afterthat,theyquicklydryupanddie.Theprocessbywhichflowersconsumeoxygenandproducecarbondioxide(二氧化碳),calledrespiration(呼吸),generatestheenergytheflowerneedstogivethefloweritsshapeandcolour.Themakingofseedsalsodependsonthisenergy.Whilealllivingthingsrespire,flowershaveahighlevelofrespiration.Aresultofallthisrespirationisheat,andforflowersthelevelofheatrelativetothemassoftheflowerisveryhigh.Respirationalsobringsabouttheeventualdeathoftheflower.Thusthegreaterthelevelofrespiration,thesoonertheflowerdies.4How,then,tocontroltherateatwhichflowersdie?Bycontrollingrespiration.Howisrespirationcontrolled?Bycontrollingtemperature.Weknowthatrespirationproducesheat,butthereverseisalsotrue.Thusbymaintaininglowtemperatures,respirationisreducedandthecutflowerwillagemoreslowly.5Anothervitalfactorinkeepingcutflowersisthequalityofthewaterinwhichtheyareplaced.Flowersfinditdifficultto“drink”waterthatisdirtyorotherwisepolluted.Evenwhenwaterlooksandsmellsclean,italmostcertainlyCTheyarehusbandandwife.

DTheyarecolleaguesataninstitutionofhigherlearning.

32FlowersandYeohavestartedaprogramme

Atofindwaystopreventwaterpollution.

Btoidentifygenesthatpromotegrowthinsaltysoil.

Ctobreedriceplantsthattastesalty.

Dtofindwaystoremoveexcessivesaltfromsoil.

33WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseoftheproblemdiscussedinthepassage?

ANaturalbarrierstoseawaterhavebeendestroyed.

Bthewatertablehasgonedownafterdroughts.

CSealevelhasbeencontinuouslyrising.

DEvaporationofwaterleavessaltbehind

34Theword“affect”inParagraph6couldbebestreplacedby

A“influence”

B“effect”

C“stop”

D“present”

35Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis

Apositive

Bnegative.

Csuspicious

Dindifferent.Ford’sAssemblyLineWhenitcomestosinglingoutthosewhohavemadeadifferenceinallourlives,youcannotoverlookHenryFord.AhistorianacenturyfromnowmightwellconcludethatitwasFordwhomostinfluencedallmanufacturing,everywhere,eventothisday,byintroducinganewwaytomakecars-one,strangetosay,thatoriginatedinslaughterhouses（屠宰場）.

Backintheearly1900’s,slaughterhousesusedwhatcouldhavebeencalleda“disassemblyline”.Fordreversedthisprocesstoseeifitwouldspeedupproductionofapartofanautomobileenginecalledamagneto.Ratherthanhaveeachworkercompletelyassembleamagneto,oneofitselementswasplacedonaconveyer,andeachworker,asitpassed,addedanothercomponenttoit,thesameoneeachtime.ProfessorDavidHounshelloftheUniversityofDelaware,anexpertonindustrialdevelopment,tellswhathappened.

“Thepreviousday,workerscarryingouttheentireprocesshadaveragedoneassemblyevery20minutes.Butonthatday,ontheline,theassembleteamaveragedoneevery13minutesand10secondsperperson.”

Withinayear,thetimehadbeenreducedtofiveminutes.In1913,Fordwentalltheway.Hookedtogetherbyropes,partiallyassembledvehiclesweretowed(拖，拉)pastworkerswhocompletedthemonepieceatatime.Ithasn’tlongbeforeFordwasturningoutseveralhundredthousandcarsayear,aremarkableachievementthen.Andsoefficientandeconomicalwasthisnewsystemthathecutthepriceofhiscarsinhalf,to$260,puttingthemwithinreachofallthosewho,upuntilthattime,couldnotaffordthem.Soon,automakerstheworldovercopiedhim.Infact,heencouragedthemtodosobywritingabookaboutallofhisinnovations,entitledTodayandTomorrow.TheAgeoftheAutomobilehasarrived.Today,aidedbyrobotsandotherformsofautomation(自動化),everythingfromtoasterstoperfumesismadeonassemblylines.36WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutHenryFordisNOTtrue?AHeintroducedanewwayofproduction.BHeinfluencedallmanufacturing.CHeinspiredotherautomakers.DHechangedahistorian’smind.Thewritermentions”slaughterhouses”becausetheyweretheplaceswhereAFord’sassemblylineoriginatedBFordmadehisfirstcar.CFordreadjustedtheassemblyline.DFordinnovatedthedisassemblyline.AmagnetoisatechnicaltermforAanautomobile.BaproductionlineCapartofanautomobileengine.Dadisassemblylinethephrase”turningout”inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedbyA“producing”B“selling”C“buying”D“fixing”TheinventionoftheassemblylineenabledHenryFordAtocreatemorejobsfortheunemployedBtowriteabookonhistoryCtoreducethepriceofhiscarsto$260Dtocuttheproductionofhiscarsby50%PlayPlayistheprincipalbusinessofchildhood,andinrecentyearsresearchhasshownthegreatimportanceofplayinthedevelopmentofahumanbeing.Fromearliestinfancy,everychildneedsopportunityandtherightmaterialsforplay,andthemaintoolsofplayaretoys.Theirmainfunctionistosuggest,encourageandassistplay.Tosucceedinthistheymustbegoodtoys,whichchildrenwillplaywithoften,andwillcomebacktoagainandagain.Thereforeitisimportanttochoosesuitabletoysfordifferentstagesofachild’sdevelopment.Inrecentyearsresearchoninfantdevelopmenthasshownthatthestandardachildislikelytoreach,withintherangeofhisinheritedabilities,islargelydeterminedinthefirstthreeyearsofhislife.Soababy’sabilitytoprofitfromtherightplaymaterialsshouldnotbeunderestimated.Ababywhoisencouragedandstimulated,talkedtoandshownthingsandplayedwith,hasthebestchanceofgrowingupsuccessfully.Inthenextstage,fromthreetofiveyearsold,curiosityknowsnobounds.Everytypeofsuitabletoyshouldbemadeavailabletothechild,fortryingout,experimentingandlearning,fordiscoveringhisownparticularability.Bricksandjigsaws（七巧板）andconstructiontoys;painting,scribbling(涂鴉)andmakingthings;sandandwaterplay;toysforimaginativeandpretendingplay;thefirstsocialgamesforlearningtoplayandgetonwithothers.Btthethirdstageofplaydevelopment-fromfivetosevenoreightyears-thechildisatschool.Butforafewmoreyearsplayisstillthebestwayoflearning,athomeoratschool.Itiseasiertoseewhichtypeoftoysthechillsmostenjoys.Untiltheageofsevenoreight,playandworkmeanmuchthesametoachild.Butoncereadinghasbeenmastered,thenbooksandschoolbecomethemainsourceoflearning.Toysarestillinterestingandvaluable,theyleadontonewhobbies,buttheirsignificancehaschanged-toachildofniceortenyears,toysandgamesmean,astoadults,relaxationandfun.ThepassagetellsusthatasachildgrowsupAheshouldbeallowedtochoosehisowntoys.Bheshouldbegivenidenticaltoys.Cheshouldbegivendifferenttoys.Dheshouldbegivenfewerandfewertoys.Accordingtothepassage,theabilitiesachildhasinheritedfromhisparentsAdeterminehischaracterBwillnotchangeaftertheageofthree.Cpartlydeterminethestandardheislikelytoreach.Dtoalargeextentdeterminethechoiceoftoys.Whohavethebestchanceofgrowingupsuccessfully?AThosewhotendtoovereatBThosewhoaregivenalotoftoys.CThosewhoaregiventoys,talkedtoandplayedwith.DThosewhocansharetheirtoyswiththeirplaymates.WelearnfromthepassagethatachildhasboundlesscuriosityAwhenheistwoBwhenheisaroundfour.Cwhenheissix.Dwhenheiseight.ThepassageismainlyaboutAtheimportanceofpre-schooleducationBtheimportanceofschooling.Ctheroleofplayinachild’sdevelopmentDthechoiceoftoysforadolescents.5部分：補全短文（第46~50題，每題2分，共10分）閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請根據(jù)文章的內容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原來位置，以恢復文章原貌。請將答案涂在答題卡相應的位置上。ScienceandTechnologyThereisadifferencebetweenscienceandtechnology._________(46).Sciencehastodowithdiscoveringthefactsandrelationshipsbetweenobservablephenomenainnatureandwithestablishingtheoriesthatservetoorganizethesefactsandrelationships;technologyhastodowithtools,techniques,andproceduresforapplyingthefindingsofscience.________(47)Progressinscienceexcludesthehumanfactor.Scientists,whoseektounderstandtheuniverseandknowthetruthwithinthehighestdegreeofaccuracyandcertainty,cannotpayattentiontotheirownorotherpeople’slikesordislikesortopopularideasaboutthefitnessofthings._________(48).Butevenanunpleasanttruthismorethanlikelytobeuseful;besideswehavethechoiceofrefusingtobelieveit!Buthardlysowithtechnology;wedonothavethechoiceofrefusingtohearthesoundproducedbyasupersonic(超音速的)aircraftflyingoverhead;wecannotrefusetobreathepollutedair._________(49)Thepurposeoftechnologyistoservepeople-peopleingeneral,notmerelysomepeople;andfuturegenerations,notmerelythosewhopresentlywishtogainadvantageforthemselves.__________(50)Manypeopleblametechnologyitselfforwidespreadpollution,resourcedepletion(枯竭)andevensocialdecayingeneral-somuchsothatthepromiseoftechnologyis“obscured“.Thatpromiseisacleanerandhealthierworld.Ifwiseapplicationsofscienceandtechnologydonotleadtoabetterworld,whatelsewill?AAnotherdistinctionbetweenscienceandtechnologyhastodowiththeprogressineach.BUnlikescience,progressintechnologymustbemeasuredintermsofthehumanfactor.CWhatscientistsdiscovermayshockorangerpeople---asdidDarwin’stheoryofevolution.DScienceandtechnologyaredifferent.EWeareallfamiliarwiththeimproperuseoftechnology.FScienceisamethodofansweringtheoreticalquestions;technologyisamethodofsolvingpracticalproblems.第6部分：完形填空（第51~65題，每題1分，共15分）閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項同，請根據(jù)短文的內容從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應的位置上CostasaFactorinSupplyInapurelycompetitivemarket,thesupplierofgoodsandserviceshasnocontroloverthemarketprice,becauseheproducestoolittletoinfluencemarketconditions.Withnodifferencebetweenhisproductsandtheproducts________(51)hiscompetitors,hewillsellnothingifhechargesabovethemarketpriceandhewillsellallifhechargesator__________(52)themarketprice.However,inconsideringtheprice,hemusttakethe____________(53)ofproductionintoconsideration.Therearetimeswhenhemaybewillingtosellbelowhiscost.Thismighthappenwhenpricestumblefor__________(54)hebelieveswillbeashorttime.However,nobusinesspersoncan__________(55)tolosemoneyforaprolongedperiod.Hemustbeconstantly__________(56)ofhiscostsinrelationtothemarketpriceifheistocompetessuccessfullyandearnaprofit.Manypeoplehavetheimpressionthatasproductionincreases,costsperunitdecrease._________(57)massproductionhasmadethistrueincertainindustriesandatcertainlevelsofproduction,________(58)logicandpracticalexperienceshaveshownthatcostsperunitbegintorisebeyondacertainlevelofproduction.Someeconomists_________(59)tothisprincipleasthelawofincreasingcosts.Thereasoncostsriseasproductiongoesupis__________(60).However,itiseasytorecognizethatasproductiongoesup,thene