考研外語考前沖刺試卷9

一、UseofEnglish

1、Afteryuppiesanddinkies,anewcreaturefromadland

stalkstheblock.TheNYLON,anacronymlinkingNewYorkand

London,isarefinementofthosemorefamiliarcategoriessuch

asjet-settersandcosmocrats(cosmopolitanaristocratsdo

keepup).Marketingprofessionalshavenotedthat(1)the

demiseofConcorde,anewclassofhigh-earnerincreasingly

(2)hisorhertimeshuttling(3)thetwincapitals

ofglobalisationAndNYLONSprefertheirhomecomforts(4)

tapinbothcities.Despitetheimpressive(5)ofairmiles,

theyarenotadventurouspeople.

As(6)fromTomWolfe'sMastersoftheUniverseofthe

1980s.NYLONShavedonemorethanwel1(7)thelongboom

andneweconomyofthelasttenyears.TheyareDJs.chefs,games

designers.Internetentrepreneurs,fashionistas,publishers

andevena(8)bandofjournalistsandwriters.Theyare

self-consciouslytrendyandsomeareevenableto(9)

housesinbothcities.Otherswillputup.(10)ahouse

inone,andaview(11)aroommthe(12).Ofcourse,

theirhorizonsdo(13)beyondjustNewYorkandLondon.

Formany,LosAngelesisanimportantshoppingmall.

Moresignificantlyforadland,NYLONSprovidesomeuseful

marketingsavings.Campaignsnolongerhavetodifferverymuch

inthetwoCities,(14)NYLONSbringthemevercloser

together.Therestaurantsarethesame,withNobunowinLondon

andConraninNewYork.Manyplays(15)inbothcitiesat

thesametime,andDJsshuttlebetweenthetwo.(16)the

samegaragetothesamepeoplein(17)clubs.TimeOutand

Wallpaperarethemagazinesof(18).Allthisisfinefor

NYLONS.Butnotsomuch(19)foreverybodyelsewatching

NottingHillturn(20)apaleimitationofGreenwich

Village.

A.regardlessof

B.eventhough

C.although

D.despite

2、(2)

A.uses

B.spends

C.expends

D.costs

3、(3)

A.between

B.among

C.amid

D.amongst

4、(4)

A.at

B.in

C.on

D.above

5、⑸

A.figure

B.quantity

C.number

D.amount

6、(6)

A.distinct

B.distinctive

C.discrete

D.diverse

7、(7)

A.within

3

B.outside

C.beyond

D.outof

8、(8)

A.select

B.choice

C.excellent

D.exquisite

9、(9)

A.offer

B.provide

C.buy

D.afford

10、(10)

A.for

B.with

C.on

D.to

11、(11)

A.in

B.of

C.with

工4

D.upon

12、(12)

A.other

B.another

C.rest

D.else

13、(13)

A.enlarge

B.extend

C.expand

D.widen

14、(14)

A.but

B.though

C.as

D.while

15、(15)

A.present

B.display

C.run

D.show

16、(16)

5

A.performing

B.playing

C.presenting

D.acting

17、(17)

A.same

B.likely

C.similar

D.like

18、(18)

A.choice

B.pick

C.selection

D.preference

19、(19)

A.fun

B.funny

C.amusing

D.interesting

20、(20)

A.up

B.into

6

C.in

D.out

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

Itwasalittleweirdatfirst,ErinTobinsaid,seeingHarry

Potterrightthereonthestagewithouthispants,orindeed

anyofhisclothes.

NotactuallyHarryPotter,ofcourse,sinceheisfictional,

butthenextbestthing.DanielRadcliffe,whoplayshiminthe

movies.Now17.Mr.Radcliffehascastoffhiswand,his

broomstickandeverythingelsetoappearintheWestEndrevival

ofPeterShaffer's"Equus”.HestarsasAlanStrang,adisturbed

youngmanwho,inadistinctlyun-Harry-Potterishmomentof

frenziedpsychosexualmadness,blindssixhorseswithahoof

pick.

Tomakeitclearwhataudiencesareinfor,atleastinpart,

photographsofMr.Radcliffe'sbufftorso,strippedalmostto

thegroin,havebeenusedtoadvertisetheproduction.Itis

asjarringasif,say,AnneHathawaysuddenlyannouncedthat

insteadofplayingsweet-naturedprincessesandfashion-world

ingenues,shewantedtoappearonstageasanudemurderous

prostitute.

ToexplainhowissurprisingthechangeofRadcliffetothe

audience,theauthormentionsAnne"Equus"openedlastweek,

andtheconsensussofaristhatMr.Radcliffehassuccessfully

extricatedhimselffromhiscinematicalterego.Considering

thatplayingHarryPotterispracticallyallhehasdoneinhis

career,thisisnosmallachievement.

“Ithinkhe'sareallygoodactor,andIsortofforgotabout

HarryPotter”,saidOpheliaOates,14,whosawtheplayover

theweekend."Anyway,youcan，tbeHarryPotterforever”.

InTheDailyTelegraph,CharlesSpencersaidthat“Daniel

Radcliffebrilliantlysucceedsmthrowingoffthemantleof

HarryPotter,announcinghimselfasathrillingstageactorof

unexpecteddepthandrange”.

Mr.RadcliffetoldTheDailyTelegraphthat“Ithoughtitwould

beabadideatowaittillthePotterfilmswereallfinished

todosomethingelse”.Therearestillafewtogo.Thefifth,

HarryPotterandtheOrderofthePhoenix”,isscheduledfor

releaseonJuly13,andMr.Radcliffehassignedonforthefinal

twoinstallmentsaswell.(Meanwhile,theseventhandlastbook

intheseries,“HarryPotterandtheDeathlyHallows”,willhit

storesonJuly21.)

HarryandAlancouldnotbemoredissimilarascharacters,even

ifboth"comefromquiteweirdbackgrounds”,as13-year-old

EllaPitt,anotherrecenttheatergoer,putit.(Andno.she

declared,shewasnottooyoungforallthenakedness,swearing

andsexuality.)Bothcharactershaveunresolvedissues

relatingtotheirparents:Harry,becausehisaredead,andAlan,

becausehishavedrivenhiminsane.

Butwhenitcomestoromance,forinstance,thecelluloidHarry

hasyettokissagirl;thebigmomentcomesintheforthcoming

film.Meanwhile,Alanin"Equus"notonlyengagesinsome

seriousequi-eroticnuzzlingwithanactorplayingahorse,but

isalsoonstage,fullynude,for10minutes,duringwhichhe

nearlyhassexwithanequallynakedyoungwoman.

Hathaway.Thisisa.

A.simile

B.comparison

C.hyperbole

D.analogy

2、

Theword"extricated”(Para.4)implies.

A.rescued

B.freed

C.cleared

D.extracted

3、

Theaudience'sresponsetothenewimageof"HarryPorter”

is.

A.negative

B.positive

C.indifferent

D.noneoftheabove

4、

Thetwodissimilarcharacters,i.e.HarryandAlanarecommon

inthat.

A.theyarebothweird

B.theirparentsareweird

C.theyhaveunresolvedissues

D.theyhaveweirdfamilies

5、

Thebesttitleforthispassageis.

A.HarryPorterIsDisappearing

B.TheNaked"HarryPorter”

C.TheSuccessfulChangeof"HarryPorter”

D.HarryPorterin“Enquus”

6、Uruguayhasbeenaproudexceptiontotheprivatizingwave

thatsweptthroughSouthAmericainthe1990s.Itsstate-owned

firmsaremoreefficientthanmanyoftheircounterpartsin

ArgentinaandBrazileverwere.In1992,Uruguayansvotedin

areferendumagainstprivatizingtelecoms.Theyrightly

observethatsomeofArgentina'ssalesweresmashed,creating

inefficientprivatemonopolies.Andwithunemploymentat15%,

nobodyisenthusiasticaboutthejobcutsprivatizationwould

involve.

ThatleavesPresidentJorgeBatliewithaproblem.Uruguayhas

beeninrecessionforthepasttwoyears,mainlybecauseoflow

pricesforitsagriculturalexports,andbecauseofArgentina，s

woes.Butpublicdebtisat45%ofGDP,andrising.Some

economistsarguethatprivatizationwouldgiveaboosttothe

economy,byattractingforeigninvestment,andbylowering

costs.CERES,athink-tank,havingcomparedtariffsforpublic

servicesinUruguayanditsneighbors,believesliberalization

couldsavebusinessesandhouseholdstheequivalentof4%of

GDPannually,raisegrowthandproduceanet45,000jobs.

Thepollsthatshowcontinuingsupportforpublicownership

alsoshowgrowingoppositiontomonopolies.SoMr.Baffleplans

tokeepthestatefirms,butletprivateoneseithercompete

withthemorbidtooperatetheirservicesundercontract.

TheoppositionBroadFrontandthetradeunionsareresisting.

Theyhavegatheredenoughsignaturestodemanda"public

consultation“nextmonthonanewlawtoallowprivateoperators

intheportsandrailways一areferendumonwhethertoholda

referendumontheissue.AlbertoBension,thefinanceminister,

admitsthevotewillbeacrucialindicatorofhowfarthe

governmentcanpush.Buthenotesthat,since1992,attempts

tooverturnlawsbycallingreferendumshaveflopped.

Theliberalizationoftelecomshasalreadybegun.BellSouth,

anAmericanfirm,isthefirstprivatecell-phoneoperator.

Thereareplanstolicenseothers,andtalkofallowing

competitionforfixed-linetelephones.Anewlawallowsprivate

companiestoimportgasfromArgentinatogenerateelectricity

incompetitionwiththestateutility.Anotherplanwouldstrip

Ancap,thestateoilfirm,ofitsmonopolyofimports.Ithas

alreadybeenallowedtoseekaprivatepartnertomodernizeits

refinery.

Hardertaskslieahead.Thestate-ownedbanksareburdenedwith

problemloanstofarmersandhomeowners.AndMr.Batlleshows

noappetiteforcuttingthebureaucracy.

Afterayearinoffice,thepresidentispopular.Hehascreated

across-partycommissiontoinvestigate“disappearances”

duringUruguay'smilitarydictatorshipof1976-85.Theunions

areweakenedbyunemployment.AtCERES,ErnestoTalviargues

thatMr.Baffleshouldnotehisownstrength,andpushahead

moreboldly.ButthatisnottheUruguayanway.

Uruguayinthe1990s.

A.movedintheprivatizingwave

B.adoptedthesamemeasureasthatofArgentina

C.stickedtoitsoldeconomicmode

D.developedveryslowly

7、

Whatcanweinferfromthefirstfourparagraphs?

A.Uruguayhasbeenalwaystryingtojoinintheprivatizing

wave

B.Economistsarguethatprivatizationisanefficientwayto

boostUruguay'sGDP.

C.Mr.Battleplanstoprivatizethecountry，seconomy

completely.

D.TheoppositionBroadFrontisinfavorofprivatization.

8、

Thefifthparagraphsuggeststhat.

A.BellSouthisbuiltupin1982

B.Therehasbeennolawtoregulatetheelectricity

C.Ancapmaymodernizeitsrefinerywiththehelpofaprivate

partner

D.Liberalizationmakestheeconomyslack

9、

Whatdoestheauthormeanby"flopped”(lastline,Para.4)?

A.succeeded

B.failed

C.followed

D.provoked

10、

WhichoneisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.PrivatizationisthrivinginUruguay.

B.Now,referendahavelessstrengthtochangesomelaws.

C.Uruguayanpeoplearesatisfiedwiththegovernment5s

actionswithregardtotheeconomy.

D.ThePresidentismanagingtokeepthestatecompanies

efficient.

11、EvenattheVatican,notallsacredbeliefsareabsolute:

Thoushaltnotkill,butwarcanbejust.Now,behindthequiet

walls,aclashisshapingupinvolvingtwopolesofnear

certainty:thechurch,slong-heldbanoncondomsandits

advocacyofhumanlife.

TheissueisAIDS.Churchofficialsrecentlyconfirmedthat

PopeBenedictXVIhadrequestedareportonwhetheritmight

beacceptableforCatholicstousecondomsinonenarrow

circumstance:toprotectlifeinsideamarriagewhenone

partnerisinfectedwithH.I.V.orissickwithAIDS.

Whateverthepopedecides,churchofficialsandotherexperts

broadlyagreethatitisremarkablethatsodelicateanissue

isbeingtakenup.Buttheyalsoagreethatsuchaninquiryis

logical,andparticularlysignificantfromthispope,whowas

PopeJohnPaulITsstrictenforcerofchurchdoctrine.

“Insomeways,maybehehasgotthegreatestcapacitytodoit

becausethereisnodoubtabouthisorthodoxy”,saidthe.Rev.

JonFuller,aJesuitphysicianwhorunsanAIDSclinicatthe

BostonMedicalCenter.

Theissuehassurfacedrepeatedlyasoneofthemostcomplicated

anddelicatefacingthechurch.Foryears,someinfluential

cardinalsandtheologianshavearguedforachangeforcouples

affectedbyAIDSinthenameofprotectinglife,whileothers

havefiercelyattackedthepossibilityasdemotingthechurch's

longadvocacyofabstinenceandmaritalfidelitytofightthe

disease.

ThenewsbrokejustafterBenedictcelebratedhisfirst

anniversaryaspope,arelativelyquietpapalyear.Buthe

devotedhisfirstencyclicaltolove,specificallybetweena

manandawomaninmarriage.

Indeed,withregardtocondoms,theonlychangeapparently-

beingconsideredisinthespecificcaseofmarriedcouples.

ButanychangewouldbeunpopularwithconservativeCatholics,

someofwhomhaveexpresseddisappointmentthatBenedicthas

displayedasofterfacenowasdefenderofthefaiththanhe

didwhenhewasstillCardinalJosephRatzinger,thepapal

adviser.

"It'sjusthardtoimaginethatanypope一andthispope一would

changetheteaching”,saidAustinRuse,presidentofthe

CultureofLifeFoundation,aCatholic-orientedadvocacygroup

inWashingtonthatopposesabortionandcontraception.

Itistoosoontoknowwherethepopeisheading.Farless

contentiousissuescantakeyearstoinchthroughtheVatican,s

nexusofbeliefandbureaucracy,prayerandpolitics,and

CardinalJavierLozanoBarragan,thepope'stopaideonhealth

careissues,andotherofficialsdeclinedrequestsfor

interviews.

Bythefirstsentenceinthefirstparagraph,theauthor

actuallymeans.

A.thewarcanbesupportedbythechurch

B.theVaticanisalwaystellingalie

C.somedoctrinesofthechurcharenotsounchangeable

D.peoplemaydoastheylike

12、

TherequestfromPopeBenedictXVIisparticularlysignificant

because.

A.thispopestrictlyexecutedtheCatholicdoctrine

B.thispopeispowerful

C.thispopehasbeenagainsttheuseofcondomsallthetime

D.Thispopehasbeenassistedtheadvocacyofhumanlife

13、

Theword"demoting”(Para.5).

A.degrading

B.opposing

C.supporting

D.changing

14、

Thisissueissocomplicatedbecause.

A.thepopehasnocapacitytodealwithit

B.itinvolvetwopolesofnearcertainty

C.itmayaffectthepope'sorthodoxy

D.therearetwopartiesonthisissueinthechurch

15、

Accordingtothepassage,thepopeprobablywill.

A.changethedoctrineabouttheuseofcondoms

B.giveuphisnewideas

C.stillcarryingoutthechurchbeliefs

D.Noneoftheabove

16^Healthysoda?Thatmaystrikesomeasanoxymoron.But

forCoca-ColaandPepsiCo,it'samarketingopportunity.

Incomingmonths,bothcompanieswillintroducenewcarbonated

drinksthatarefortifiedwithvitaminsandminerals:DietCoke

PlusandTava,whichisPepsiCo'snewoffering.Theywillbe

promotedas"sparklingbeverages”.Thecompaniesarenot

tailingthemsoftdrinksbecausepeopleareturningawayfrom

traditionalsoda,whichhasbeenhurtinpartbypublicityabout

itslinktoobesity.

Whilethesodabusinessremainsa$68billionindustryinthe

UnitedStates,consumersareincreasinglyreachingforbottled

water,sparklingjuicesandgreenteadrinks.In2022,themount

ofsodasoldinthiscountrydroppedforthefirsttimeinrecent

history.Eventhedietsodabusinesshasslowed.

Coca-Cola'schiefexecutive,E.NevilleIsdell,clearly

frustratedthathisindustryhasbeensingledoutintheobesity

debate,insistedatarecentconferencethathisdietproducts

shouldbeincludedinthehealthandwellnesscategorybecause,

withfewornocalories,theyarealogicalanswermexpanding

waistlines.

“Dietandlightbrandsareactuallyhealthandwellnessbrands”,

Mr.Isdellsaid.HeassertedthatDietCokePluswasawayto

broadenthecategorytoattractnewconsumers.

TomPirko,presidentofBevmark,afoodandbeverageconsulting

firm,saiditwas"ajoke"tomarketartificiallysweetenedsoft

drinksashealthy,eveniftheywerefortifiedwithvitamins

andminerals.Researchbyhisfirmandothersshowsthat

consumersthinkofdietsoftdrinksas“theantithesisof

healthy”,hesaid.Theseconsumers"commentonputting

somethingsyntheticandnotnaturalintotheirbodieswhenthey

consumedietcolas”,Mr.Pirkosaid."Andinthemidstofa

healthandwelfareboom,thatain，tgood”.

Theideaofhealthysodaisnotentirelynew.In2022,Cadbury

Schweppescausedastirwhenitunveiled7UpPlus,alow-calorie

sodafortifiedwithvitaminsandminerals.Lastyear,Cadbury

triedtoextendthehealthyhalooveritsregular7Upbrandby

labelingit“100percentnaturalz/.Butthecompanychangedthe

labelto“100percentnaturalflavor“aftercomplaintsfroma

nutritiongroupthataproductcontaininghigh-fructosecom

syrupshouldnotbeconsiderednatural,and7UpPlushas

floundered.Thenewfortifiedsoftdrinksearnedgrudging

approvalfromMichaelF.Jacobsen,executivedirectorofthe

CenterforScienceinthePublicInterest,anutritionadvocacy

groupandfrequentcriticofregularsoftdrinks,whichithas

labeled"liquidcandy”.

AsurveybyMorganStanleyfoundthatonly10percentof

consumersinterviewedin2022considereddietcolasahealthy

choice,comparedwith14percentin2022.Furthermore,30

percentoftheconsumerswhowereinterviewedlastyearsaid

thattheywerereluctanttodrinkbeverageswithartificial

sweeteners,upfrom21percentin2022.

Coca-ColaandPepsiCocalltheirnewdrinks“sparkling

beverages"insteadof"softdrinks“because.

A.thenewnamesoundsmorebrilliantandattractsmorepeople

B.theoldnameremindspeoplethattheymaycausepeople

addingweight

C.thenewdrinksarefortifiedwithvitaminsandminerals

不_____Q

q20

D.peopleareturningawayfromtraditionalsoda

17、

Thesentence"withfewornocalories,theyarealogical

answertoexpandingwaistlines^(Para.4)means.

A.theycangiveareasonableanswertowaistlines

B.theyarethelogicalreasonofmakepeopleexpand

waistlines

C.theywillnotcauseobesitysincetheyhavefeworno

calories

D.itislogicalthattheymayexpandpeople,swaistlines

18、

TomPirko'sattitudeonpromotingthesoftdrinksashealthy

is.

A.joking

B.positive

C.negative

D.indifferent

19、

Theword"floundered”(Para.7)implies.

A.stumbled

B.snuggled

C.flustered

D.troubled

20、

Thedatainthelastparagraphimplies.

A.thesoftdrinkswillbesingledoutinthenearfuture

B.themarketingopportunitiesforthesecompaniesarenot

successful

C.peoplearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontotheirhealth

D.peoplethinkthesoftdrinkisnothealthy

21、PartB(10points)

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.For

Questions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizethese

paragraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelist

A-G.Someoftheparagraphshavebeenplacedforyou.(10points)

A.Manyofthepartnershipsactasvirtualpharmaceutical

companies,bringingtogetherexpertisefromfarafield.The

DrugsforNeglectedDiseasesinitiative,forexample,hasdrawn

togetherbasicresearchfromacademicsinVenezuela,molecules

fromJapaneseandFrenchdrugmakers,clinicaltrialsin

EthiopiaandmanufacturingbyBrazilianfirms.

B.However,itisnotjustpoorcountriesthataremissingout.

Forexample,thereisanurgentneedfornewantibioticsin

industrialisedcountriesasdrag-resistantbacteriaemerge.

Yetantibioticdevelopment——oncethecornerstoneofthedrug

industry一hasfallenoutoffavourwithBigPharmafirms

becauseofscientifichurdlesandregulatoryrequirements.

C.Afewbigdrugmakers,suchasGSKandNovartis,which

inheritedaninterestintropicaldiseasefromtheirparent

firms,havechosentoinvestinatleastearly-stageRDin

malaria,tuberculosisanddengue,withaviewtopartnering

lateron.Theyaremotivatedmainlybyphilanthropy,butalso

wanttopolishtheirimageandhopetoselltotravellersand

toarisingmiddleclassindevelopingcountries.

D.Askabigdrug-companybosswhyheisinthebusinessof

makingpharmaceuticals,andhewillsayhewantsto"address

unmetmedicalneeds”.Butnotallmedicalneedsareequally

attractive.Mostofthe7,500-plusmedicinescurrentlyin

developmentbybiotechandpharmaceuticalcompaniesarefor

chronicdiseasesoftherichworld.Atthesametime,someof

humanity'snastiestafflictionsgetlittleattention.Tropical

diseases,suchassleepingsicknessorleishmaniasis,area

turn-offfordrugmakersbecausetheystrikemainlyinpoor

countriesandofferlittlehopeofanattractivereturnon

investment.Ofthe1,500orsodrugslaunchedoverthepast30

years,fewerthan20dealspecificallywithtropicaldisease.

E.Thequestionishowtogettheproductsoutofthepipeline

andtothepeoplewhoneedthem.Developmentcostscanbelower

thaninBigPharma,inpartbecauseclinicaltrialsfordiseases

suchasmalariacanbesmaller,fasterandthereforecheaper

torunthanbefor,say,Alzheimer'sdisease.Evenso,

ChristopherHentschelheadoftheMedicinesforMalariaVenture,

reckonsitwillcostatleast$100tobringjustodeofits

productstomarket,somuchmoremoneyisneeded.

F.Onewayofgettingattentionforneglecteddiseasesisfor

patientstotakeaction.Forexample,theALSTherapy

DevelopmentFoundation,startedbyJamesHeywood,whose

brotherwasstruckdownbythisneurodegenerativedisease,is

usingitsmodestbudgettotesthundredsofcompoundsinmice

andmenmthehopeoffindingatreatmentforALS.

G.Anotherrouteistolaunchpublic-privatepartnerships.Drug

companiescontributemolecules,manpowerandmachinesto

not-for-profitgroupsthatco-ordinateproductdevelopment,

fundedmainlybyprivatesourcessuchastheGatesFoundation,

withsomegovernmentmoney.Therearenowabout20such

partnerships,focusedondevelopingnewdrugs,vaccinesor

diagnosticsforparticulardiseasesofthedevelopingworld

thatwillmakethemaccessibletopoorpopulations.

Order:DisthefirstparagraphandEisthelast.

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthen

translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthatwhoeveristo

blame,andwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentis

probably