March6高二備課組選修七第二單元usinglanguageUnit2RobotsUsingLanguage選修七Doyouthinktherobotshavefeelings?Doyouthinkawomanwillfallinlovewitharobot?Thatcanhappeninafiction!

“SatisfactionGuaranteed”

isasciencefictionwrittenbyIsaacAsimov.

Sciencefiction

—stories,novels,etc.whichdescribeeventsandpeoplethatdon’texist,suchasXFile,StarWar.

AbiographyofIsaacAsimovReading,speakingandwriting艾薩克·阿西莫夫(1920-1992),當代美國最著名的科幻大師、世界頂尖級科幻小說作家,他也是位文學評論家,美國科幻小說黃金時代的代表人物之一。他一生高產(chǎn),著述頗豐,一生著述近500本,其中有100多部科幻小說,早已遠遠超過了“著作等身”的地步,是本世紀最頂尖的科幻小說家之一。曾獲代表科幻界最高榮譽的雨果獎和星云終身成就「大師獎」,以他的名字為號召的「阿西莫夫科幻雜志」，是美國當今數(shù)一數(shù)二的科幻文學重鎮(zhèn)。他是一位生于俄羅斯的美籍猶太人,作品極其豐富，代表作有《我,機器人》(I,Robot)、《基地》系列、《鋼窟》(TheCavesofSteel)系列、《赤裸太陽》(TheNakedSun)等。他他于1941年發(fā)表的作品《Runaround》中第一次明確提出了著名的“阿西莫夫機器人三定律”,即：一、機器人不得傷害人類，或看到人類受到傷害而袖手旁觀；二、在不違反第一定律的前提下，機器人必須絕對服從人類給與的任何命令；三、在不違反第一定律和第二定律的前提下,機器人必須盡力保護自己。以其名字命名的《阿西莫夫科幻小說》雜志,至今仍然是美國當今數(shù)一數(shù)二的科幻文學暢銷雜志。

SkimmingGlancethroughthepassageandthenfindouttheanswerstosuchquestions:WhichparagraphtellsyouwhenandwhereAsimovwasbornanddied?2.Whichparagraphtellsyouabouthiseducation?3.Whichparagraphtellsyouaboutawardshereceived?WhichparagraphtellsyouwhenandwhereAsimovwasbornanddied?2.Whichparagraphtellsyouabouthiseducation?Para.2Para.33.Whichparagraphtellsyouaboutawardshereceived?Para.5Readthroughthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions:

WhatsubjectdidAsimovteach?Whendidhestarthavingstoriespublished?3.Howmanychildrendidhehave?1.WhatsubjectdidAsimovteach?2.Whendidhestarthavingstoriespublished?3.Howmanychildrendidhehave?Hetaughtbiochemistry.In1939.Twochildren,asonandadaughter.1.WhowasIsaacAsimov?A.AnAmericanscientistandwriterwhogothisPhDinphysicsin1948.B.ARussianscientistandwriterwhomarriedtwice.C.ARussian—Americanwriterandscientistwhobecameafull—timewriterin1958.D.AnAmerican-Russianwriterandscientistwhohadtwochildren.Comprehending(carefulreading)C

2.WhatwasAsimovbestknownfor?A.Hismysterystories.

B.Hissciencefictionstories.C.Hisscienceandhistorybooks.D.HisbooksabouttheBibleandaboutShakespeare.B

3.AllthefollowingstatementsareTRUEexcept_______.A.Asimov’stalentforwritingbecameobviousatage12.B.Hebeganhavinghisstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.C.Hepublishedhisfirstnovelin1950.D.Hepublishedhisfirstsciencebookin1953.A

4.InwhichbookdidAsimovdevelopasetofthree“l(fā)aws”?A.TheFoundationTrilogy.

B.

I,Robot.C.Inhisfirstnovel.D.Inhisfirstsciencebook.B

5.WhatmighthappeninaworldwheretherewererobotsifAsimov’sthreelawsdidn’texist?A.Mayberobotswillharmorinjurehumanbeings.B.Mayberobotswilldisobeyhumanbeings.C.Inordertoprotecttheirownexistence,robotsmayinjurehumanbeings.

D.

Alloftheabove.D

1920192219231929borninRussia.sisterbornmovedwithfamilytoNewYorkParents

boughtacandystore.

Motherhadherthirdchild.

startedworkingincandystore.

Startedtotakehimselfseriouslyasawriter.

1931DateEventCompletethetimelineoftheevents.19391942-1945BeanhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesGainedMastersdegreeinchemistry.Finished

workingincandystore.GotmarriedWorkedasjuniorchemist,PhiladelphiaNavyYardGotPhDinchemistry.19411948194219501951-1953Becameabiochemistryteacher,BostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Publishedhisfirstnovel.Developedthreelawsforrobots.Published“I,Robot”Published“TheFoundationTrilogy”andwonanawardforit.Publishedfirstsciencebook.Becameafull-timewriter.19491953195819731992Divorced

hisfirstwife.Hadabloodtransfusion.BecameinfectedwithHIV.Marriedforasecondwife1983DiedinNewYorkWhichlawisthestory“SatisfactionGuaranteed”basedon?2.WhatmighthappeninaworldwheretherewererobotsifAsimov’sthreelawsdidnotexist?DiscussionAsimov’sLawsForRobotsFirstLaw:Arobotmustnotinjurehumanbeingsorallowthemtobeinjured.SecondLaw:Arobotmustobeytheordersgiventoitbyhumanbeings(aslongashumanbeingarenotinjured).ThirdLaw:Arobotmustprotectitsownexistence(aslongashumanbeingsarenotinjured;andaslongastherobotdoesnotdisobeythehumanbeings).1.ABiographyofIsaacAsimovbiographyn.傳記bio(尤其供公開發(fā)表的)個人簡歷(biography的縮寫)biocards傳記檔案卡;bioinformation傳記資料bio-

表示“生命,生物”之義biophysics生物物理學biochemistryn.生物化學Languagepoints

anAmericanscientistandwriter

一位美國科學家兼作家Thesingeranddancer________(be)comingforavisit.Thesingerandthedancer__________(be)comingforavisit.Aknifeandfork_______(be)onthedesk.is/wasare/wereis/was3.fiction:stories/novels,etcwhichdescribeeventsandpeopledonotexistnon-fiction:writingthatisaboutrealpeople,eventsandfactsliterature:writingthatisconsideredtobeworkofart,includingnovels,playsandpoetry

4.Asimovhadbothanextraordinaryimagination

thatgavehimtheabilitytoexplorefutureworldsandanamazingmind

withwhichhesearchedforexplanationofeverything,inthepresentandthepast.阿西莫夫不僅有著超凡的想象力,使他能對未來世界進行探索,而且還有驚人的智力,使他能對現(xiàn)在和過去的各種事物作出解析。1)“介詞＋which/whom”的結構引導定語從句句子分析:Asimovhadbothanextraordinaryimaginationandanamazingmind是句子的主要部分,had在句中有兩個賓語imagination和mind,他們分別帶了自己的賓語從句。that引導的從句修飾imagination;withwhich引導的定語從句修飾mind。動詞不定式toexplorefutureworlds修飾ability。3.ItwaswhenAsimovwaselevenyearsold thathistalentforwritingbecame obvious.

早在阿西莫夫11歲的時候，他的寫作才華就已經(jīng)顯露出來了。

該句使用了強調(diào)句型Itwas...that...強 調(diào)了時間狀語從句whenAsimovwas elevenyearsold。5.hestartedtotakehimselfseriouslyasawriter.takesb/sthseriously:認真對待某人／某事Hetakesthingstooseriously.他對事太認真了。Youcan’ttakeherpromisesseriously;sheneverkeepsherword.Ifyoucan’ttreatyourstudyseriously,youwillfailinthecomingexamination.反義詞:

take…forgranted

認為……是理所當然的,想當然,不把……當回事6.awardvt/n

honour/prize/reward

Hewonthe________forthebeststudentofyear.It’san_________tohearyouspeaksohighlyofme.HewontheNobel________forliterature.Hegota________of$100forhelpingthem.awardhonourPrizerewardI.

根據(jù)下面各句句意以及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示詞，寫出該單詞的正確形式（每空一詞）。1.AsfarasI'mconcerned,Iprefer________(傳記)tofiction.2.Tothem,astoallTibetans,thetempleisa(n)________(神圣)place.3.Mr.Cooperisseveralyears________(較年幼的)toMrs.Cooper.biographyholyjunior

4.B__________isthestudyofthechemicalprocessesthathappeninlivingthings.5.Hisinfluenceonotherwriterswillbediscussedinthenext________(章).BiochemistrychapterII.

用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1.Shehasahugearmyofyoungfans,andisextremely________(talent).2.I'llhavetodosome________(think)abouthowbesttoarrangethebooks.3.Ifyoucontinueto________(obey)therules,youwillbepunished.4.Thetestsaresupposedtoprovideabasisforthe__________(assess)ofchildren.5.Einstein'sresearchprovidedmuchofthe_________(theory)frameworkforparticlephysics.talentedthinkingdisobeyassessmenttheoreticalIII.

根據(jù)漢語意思補全下面句子（每空一詞）。1.