Unit4SpaceExploration高效作業(yè)16[PeriodⅠListeningandSpeaking][語言基礎鞏固]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thestudyshowsthattakingexerciseisgoodforbothphysicalandmental__health.2．Theboywassointelligent__thathebeganuniversitystudiesevenwhenhewasinjuniorschool.3．Thestudentsweresocurious__thattheylookedattheteacherattentivelywhilehewasdoingtheexperiment.4．Thereporterscanhardlywaittohaveaninterview__withthefamousscientist.5．Severalofthebesttraineesarepickedouttobecomeastronauts__afterthetoughtrainingforspaceflights.6．ThepoliceinsistedthatMichaeldidnotfollowthecorrect__procedure__(程序)inapplyingforavisa.7．Theentire__audience__(觀眾)brokeintoloudapplauseaftertheinspiringspeechgivenbythefamousprofessor.8．Allthepoliceofficerswere__equipped__(配備)withgunstodefendthemselvesagainsttheattacks.9．Themeetingwillbe__attended__(出席)byfinanceministersfrommanycountries.10．Hewaschoseninpreferencetoothersbecauseofhisrichworking__experience__(經(jīng)驗).Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Peoplearewonderingwhatthe__astronauts'__(astronaut)lifeinspaceislike.2．Hewasalwaystheenergeticone,__physically__(physical)strongandmentallysharp.3．Youhavetoreachtheagreed__requirements__(require)beforeyouareadmittedasanathleteintheOlympicGames.4．Hetookthemachineapartoutof__curiosity__(curious).5．Wecanfindalotofadvancedteaching__equipment__(equip)inourclassroom.6．Wealllikeherbecauseshe'sawomanofexceptional__intelligence__(intelligent).7．Ournewmathsteacherisnotonlysmart__but__quick-minded.Ⅲ.完成對話A:Asweallknow,peoplehavealways1．__dreamed__of__going__into__space__(夢想進入太空).B:Yes.Thankstothedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,people2．__have__realised__their__dream__to__explore__space__(已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)他們探索太空的夢想).A:Exactly,ithasbeenalonghistory,from1957tonow.TheUSSRbecame3．__the__first__country__to__launch__satellites__(第一個發(fā)射衛(wèi)星的國家)andsuccessfullyorbitedaroundEarth.B:DoyouknowwhenChinasenthumansintospace?A:Ofcourse.In2003ChinaindependentlysenthumansintospaceandYangLiweibecame4．__the__first__Chinese__to__go__into__space__(第一個進入太空的中國人).B:Soundsgreat.Hopefully,wecould5．__have__a__chance__to__travel__into__space__(有去太空旅行的機會)somedayinthefuture.[話題語篇提升]Ⅳ.閱讀理解AJunkcanbeanannoyingthing.Butdealingwiththejunkinyourroomisquiteeasy—justremoveit.Howaboutthejunkinspace?NASAisconsideringusinglasers(激光器)tomovespacejunkaroundtheEarth.Scientistssuggestthattheenergycontainedinthelasercouldchangethejunk'scourseby650feet(about198m)aday.Whilethatwon'tbeenoughtoknockitoutoforbit,itcouldavoidacollision(撞擊)withaspacestationorsatellite.Wheredoesspacejunkcomefromandwhyshouldscientistswanttomoveit?Therearetwomainsourcesofspacejunk.Oneisexplodedrockets.Thelargestamountofjunkwascausedbyarocketsentupintospacein1994.Itsexplosionin1996createdacloudofsome300，000fragments(碎片),eachatleast4mminsize.Anothersourceisastronauts'error.Supposeanastronautisdoingarepairinspace,heorshedropsthewrench(扳手)andit'sgoneforever.Itspinsintoorbit,probablyataspeedofaround6miles(1.6km)asecond.SpacejunkisahugethreattothelivesofastronautsinspaceshuttlesandontheInternationalSpaceStation.Atinyspeck(微粒)ofpaintfromasatelliteoncedugaholeinaspaceshuttlewindownearlyhalfacentimeterwide.Scientistsarefullyawareofthisproblem.Theymonitorthepathsofspacefragmentsandimmediatelyreportanythreatofanorbitalimpact.Some20，000piecesofrubbisharecurrentlybeingmonitoredinLowEarthorbit.Sofarnoeffectivewayshavebeenfoundtoavoidspacejunk.IsthereanydangerofusonEarthgettinghitbyspacejunk?Probablynot.Scientistssaymostspaceobjectsthatre-entertheEarth'satmosphereburnuporre-enteroverwater.Sorelax!Thechanceofgettinghitbyafallingastronaut'sgloveissmall.(B)1．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingprobablyisthegreatestsourceofspacejunk?A．Spaceshuttles.B．Rocketfragments.C．Usedsatellites.D．Astronauts'tools.(C)2．TodealwithspacejunkaroundtheEarth,NASAwilluselasersto________.A．knockspacejunkoutoforbitB．destroythespacejunkdirectlyC．movethespacejunkoffcourseD．preventthespacejunkfromspinning(C)3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Scientistsdon'tthinkthespacejunkproblemisserious.B．Therearecurrently20，000piecesofrubbisharoundtheEarth.C．Scientistshavebeenfollowingthepathsofspacejunkclosely.D．Severalwayshavebeenworkedoutforastronautstoavoidspacejunk.【語篇解讀】文章介紹了美國國家航空與航天局正在考慮使用激光器來移除地球周圍的太空垃圾。1．B細節(jié)理解題。由第三段的Therearetwomainsourcesofspacejunk.Oneisexplodedrockets.Thelargestamountofjunkwascausedbyarocket...可知，火箭碎片是太空垃圾的最主要來源。故選B。2．C細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中可知，為了處理地球周圍的太空垃圾，美國國家航空與航天局正考慮使用激光器將太空垃圾移離地球軌道(usinglaserstomovespacejunkaroundtheEarth)。故選C。3．C推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的Theymonitorthepathsofspacefragmentsandimmediatelyreportanythreatofanorbitalimpact.可知，科學家們一直在密切追蹤太空垃圾的蹤跡。BManyofusthink,wrongly,thatthemoondoesn'tchange.Forexample,theTangDynastypoetZhangRuoxuoncewrotethat“Generationshavecomeandpassedaway;fromyeartoyearthemoonslookalike,oldandnew.”However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeoscienceshowsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.Forthestudy,agroupofUSscientistsexaminedandanalysedthousandsofphotographstakenbytheNASAorbiterLunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera.Theyfoundthattherewerelotsoffaults(斷層)onthesurfaceofthemoon.Thesefaultswereformedbyrecentmovementonthemoon.AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergyandcooleddown.Thenitbegantoshrink,likeagrapeshrinkingintoaraisin.Overthepastseveralhundredmillionyears,ithasbecome46metres“skinnier”.Butduetoitshardandrockycrust(硬皮),themoon'ssurfacecontinuestopushup.“SomeofthesequakescanbefairlystrongaroundfiveontheRichterscale，”saidThomasWatters,aseniorscientistattheSmithsonianNationalAirandSpaceMuseumintheUS.Butdoesthatmeanthemoonisadangerousplacethathumanshouldn'ttrytoexploreandliveoninthefuture?“Maybenot，”reportedTheTelegraph.“Thereisn'tanythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It'snotgoinganywhere，”Watterscomfortedus.Thenewdiscoveryprovesthattheideathatthemoonisadead,boringplaceiswrong.“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe'vedonesomegreatscience,butthereisstillalotwedon'tknow.Themoonisshrinking—wedidn'treallyrealisethatuntilrecently.It'samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat，”NASAscientistNathanWilliamssaid.(B)4．WhydoesthewriterquoteZhangRuoxu'spoem?A．Topraisethebeautyofthemoon.B．Toshowpeople'slong-standingideaofthemoon'ssize.C．Toarousepeople'sinterestinthetopic.D．Togetreadersfamiliarwiththepoem.(A)5．Whichpointofviewaboutthemoonmaythewriteragreewith?A．Itisbecomingslightlysmaller.B．Itstaysthesameasbefore.C．Itisgettingsaferandsafer.D．Itmaydisappearoneday.(D)6．WhatcanwelearnaboutthemoonfromParagraph3?A．Ithasbecome46metresfatterduetoexpanding.B．Ithaschangedfromagrapeintoaraisininrecentyears.C．ItquakesevenatsevenontheRichterscale.D．Ithasahotcoreandreleasesenergywhenexpanding.(C)7．WhatdoesNathanWilliamsthinkofthemoon?A．Itisadeadandboringplace.B．Ithaslotsoffaultsonthesurface.C．Itisworthexploringmore.D．Itisn'taplacewherewecanlive.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。月球并非如唐代詩人張若虛在詩中描繪的那樣是亙古不變的。一項最新的科學研究表明，月球正在隨著時間慢慢地縮小。此外，這項研究還表明月球還有許多我們不了解的東西，它是一個比我們認為的更活躍、更有意思的地方，我們應該探索它。4．B推理判斷題。作者在第一段中引用了張若虛的詩句“Generationshavecomeandpassedaway;fromyeartoyearthemoonslookalike，”oldandnew.”(人生代代無窮已，江月年年只相似)。分析語篇結構可知，段落內的舉例一定是服務于段落中心意思的。根據(jù)第一段首句“Manyofusthink,wrongly,thatthemoondoesn'tchange.”(我們很多人都錯誤地認為，月亮是不變的)可知，這個詩句就是用來證明人們對于月亮的大小的長久以來的觀點。故選B。5．A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,anewstudy..．showsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime”可知，然而，一項新的發(fā)表在《自然地球科學》上的研究表明，月球實際上正在隨著時間慢慢地縮小，以及由第二段中對于月亮上斷層的解釋可知，作者引用這些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，證明月亮正在慢慢變小，說明作者也認為月球正在變小。故選A。6．D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore．Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn．Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergy”(美國國家航空與航天局認為，月亮由帶有一個熱核的巖石塊組成。當它形成時月球在持續(xù)膨脹。但在這個過程中，它會釋放能量)可知，月球有一個熱核并且膨脹時釋放能量。故選D。7．C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘It'samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat’”(“它是一個比我們想象的更加活躍和有趣的地方，我們應該探索它”)可知，NathanWilliams認為月球是有價值的，值得探索。故選C。Ⅴ.七選五根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Doyoubelieveinaliens?Duringthe1980s,hundredsofmysteriouscirclesappearedinfieldsalloverEngland.Manypeoplethoughttheywerecreatedbyaliensfromouterspace.Whatwerethesecircles？1．__A__ScaringCirclesHundredsofgeometricalpatternsappearedinthemiddleofEnglishwheatfieldslikemagic.Themostcommontheorywasthattheyweremadebyspaceships.Twoscientists,PeteDelgadoandColinAndrews,becamecrazyaboutthesubject.2．__G__Bytheendofthe1980s,cropcircleshadbecomeamystery,andtherewereregularreportsinthepressandontelevision.Conflict3．__F__Somebelievedthecircleshadbeencausedbyanimalssuchasdeer,whileothersclaimedthecircleswerecausedbyhelicopters.Specialiststhoughtthesymbolswerefromancientwritings.However,noonecouldreallyofferaconvincingexplanation.Eventually,theKoestlerFoundationoffered5，000poundsforadefinitivesolution.ThePeak1990wasthegoldenyearforthecropcircles.DelgadoandAndrewsreleasedtheirbestseller“CircularEvidence”.Andateamofscientistsarrivedtorecordcircle-makinginaction.Thatyear，thecropcircleswereevenmorecomplexthantheonesbefore.Thehitoftheyearcameon12thJulywhenahugecircleappearedinafieldatAltonBarnes.4．__C__Butthemysterywasabouttobesettled.AnExplanationOnedaythatsameyear,agroupoffamouscircleexpertssetupmonitoringequipmentonahillinWiltshire.5．__E__Amazingly,thenextdaysixcirclesappearedinafieldjustbelowthem,withouttheteamrecordinganything.Worsestill,whentheresearchersenteredthecircles,theyfoundman-madetoolsinthecentreofeachcircle,whichseemedtoprovethatthecircleshadbeenmadebyhumans.A．Andwhohadmadethem?B．Theanswerspuzzledmanypeople.C．Cropspecialistswereasconfusedasever.D．Sincethen,agreatmanymorecropcircleshaveappeared.E．Theywerehopingtorecordtheformationofacropcircle.F．Apartfromthealientheory,therewereothersuggestionstoo.G．Theywereconvincedthecirclesweretheworkofan“unknownintelligence”．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了20世紀80年代，英國各地出現(xiàn)的數(shù)百個神秘的圓圈，以及人們對這些怪圈的猜測和科學家們的研究。1．A根據(jù)上文“Manypeoplethoughttheywerecreatedbyaliensfromouterspace.Whatwerethesecircles？”(許多人認為它們是由外太空的外星人創(chuàng)造的。這些圓圈是什么？)推知，下文會繼續(xù)提出問題：是誰創(chuàng)造了這些圓圈，選項A“Andwhohadmadethem？”(又是誰創(chuàng)造了它們？)符合語境，故選A。2．G根據(jù)上文“Twoscientists,PeteDelgadoan