高考英語聽力解題法則Ⅴ——干擾法則一：基礎(chǔ)方法論述在任何四選一或三選一的選擇題中,都只有一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng),而其他三/兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)被稱作干擾項(xiàng)。如果能通過分析選項(xiàng),巧妙排除一些干擾項(xiàng),那是再好不過的了。干擾法則并不是一個(gè)單獨(dú)的法則,它包含以下5個(gè)原則,掌握了這5個(gè)原則,就掌握了應(yīng)急的5個(gè)小技巧。二：例題講解及思路分析例題Ⅰ：求同原則如果四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中有三個(gè)選項(xiàng)明顯屬于同一話題的范疇,而剩下的一個(gè)選項(xiàng)又明顯與這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容不同,那么該選項(xiàng)往往不是答案。1：WhatdidBenCarson'smothertellhimtodowhenhewasaschoolboy??選項(xiàng)分析A．WatcheducationalTVprogramsonly.(教育.A.B.都與教育有關(guān),C.提到家務(wù)勞動(dòng)由此可見,C.的內(nèi)容明顯與其他兩項(xiàng)不在同一范疇,排除。B．Writetwobookreportsaweek.(教育.C．Helpwithhousework.(家務(wù).聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：...Hecouldnotwatchtelevisionexceptfortwoprogramsaweek,couldnotplaywithhisfriendsafterschooluntilhefinishedhishomework,andhadtoreadtwobooksaweek,andwritebookreportsaboutthem.Hismother'sstrategyworked.譯文：除了每周兩個(gè)節(jié)目外，他不能看電視，放學(xué)后不能和朋友玩，直到他完成作業(yè)，每周必須讀兩本書，并寫關(guān)于他們的讀書報(bào)告。他母親的策略奏效了。根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇B項(xiàng)例題Ⅱ：相關(guān)原則當(dāng)選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)提到了同樣的內(nèi)容,或表達(dá)的意思有共同點(diǎn),而另外兩項(xiàng)與此內(nèi)容完全無關(guān)時(shí)那么正確答案很有可能就在這兩項(xiàng)之中,這時(shí)需要仔細(xì)捕捉細(xì)節(jié),以選擇一個(gè)最符合題目要求的答案。但如果兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思基本一致或表達(dá)同一種含義,那么這兩項(xiàng)都不是正確答案。2：WhatdoesthemansayaboutChinese?選項(xiàng)分析A.ItisusedbymorepeoplethanEnglish.A.、B.兩項(xiàng)中都出現(xiàn)了比較級,因此答案可能在這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中B.ItismoredifficulttolearnthanEnglish.C.ItwillbeasmonlyusedasEnglish.聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：W:Hi,Leo,whydoyousayEnglishwouldbeetheworldlanguage?M:Well.Foronething,it'ssomonlyused.TheonlylanguagethatisusedbymorepeopleisChinese.W：嗨，Leo，你為什么說英語會(huì)成為世界語言？M：嗯。首先，它非常常用。唯一被更多人使用的語言是中文。根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇A項(xiàng)例題Ⅲ：包含原則在做四選一/三選一的選擇題時(shí)，“包含取大”的原則應(yīng)用得比較廣泛。即在四/三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,當(dāng)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容有重疊時(shí),表述更為全面的選項(xiàng)一般為正確選項(xiàng)。當(dāng)一個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思明顯包含另一個(gè)選項(xiàng)時(shí),被包含的這個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往不是正確答案。3：WhatdowelearnaboutthePrestonBypass?選項(xiàng)分析A.ItmadenewsallovertheworldA.“它成了世界新聞”C.“它吸引了很多司機(jī)”均描述了It的細(xì)節(jié)信息,而B.“它開啟了汽車旅行的新時(shí)代”表述更具有概括性,因此很可能選B.。B.ItmarkedanewerainmotortravelC.Itattractedlargenumbersofmotorists.聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：Untilthen,noonereallyunderstoodwhatamotorwaywas,noteventhelaborerswhowerebuildingit.Thebypassheldanewerainmotortravelandwasgreetedwithexcitementandoptimism.Servicestationscamewiththemotorwayandthelegendofthetransportcafewasborn...在那之前，沒有人真正了解什么是高速公路，甚至連建造高速公路的工人也不了解。繞道開創(chuàng)了汽車旅行的新紀(jì)元，人們興奮而樂觀地迎接了它。服務(wù)站與高速公路一起出現(xiàn)，交通咖啡館的傳奇誕生了......根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇B項(xiàng)例題Ⅳ：相反原則當(dāng)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)意思明顯相反的兩項(xiàng)時(shí),正確答案往往在此兩項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)。而且由于二者在某一個(gè)“點(diǎn)”上含義正好相反,因此在聽錄音時(shí)只需關(guān)注這個(gè)“點(diǎn)”即可。4：Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepolicefiningdrivers?選項(xiàng)分析A.Itisabadidea.B.提到它跟減速帶一樣有效,而C.提到它沒有用，“有效”和“沒有用語義相反，故推測其一可能為正確答案。B.Itisaseffectiveasspeedbumps.C.Itisnotuseful.聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：…………W:Yes,speedbumps,thosespeedbumpsthatforceyoutoslowdown.Ithinktheyareagoodidea.M:Soyoudon'tthinkfiningpeopleisuseful.W:Notreally,becausethepolicedon'thavetimetopoliceeverysingledriver.譯文：W：是的，減速帶，那些迫使你減速的減速帶。我認(rèn)為他們是個(gè)好主意。M：所以你不認(rèn)為罰款是有用的。W：不是的，因?yàn)榫鞗]有時(shí)間對每個(gè)司機(jī)進(jìn)行監(jiān)管。根據(jù)原文首尾分析；故答案選擇C項(xiàng)例題Ⅴ：常識原則明顯不符合常識或常理的選項(xiàng)通常不是正確答案。而不需要聽懂聽力材料,就可以判斷出明顯符合常識的選項(xiàng)往往也不是正確答案。5：WhatdowelearnaboutBenCarson??選項(xiàng)分析A.Hehadonlyathirdgradeeducation.B.“他曾經(jīng)威脅要?dú)⑺浪睦蠋煛眱?nèi)容比較負(fù)面，一般不會(huì)在考試中作為正確答案出現(xiàn)，可以優(yōu)先排除。B.Heoncethreatenedtokillhisteacher.C.Hegrewupinapoorsingleparentfamily聽力原文及翻譯呈現(xiàn)：Dr.BenCarsongrewupinapoorsingleparenthouseholdinDetroit.Hismother,whohadonlyathirdgradeeducation,workedtwojobscleaningbathrooms...譯文：本·卡森博士在底特律一個(gè)貧窮的單親家庭長大。他的母親只受過三年級教育，做過兩份打掃浴室的工作......根據(jù)原文分析：答案選擇C項(xiàng)三：名校模擬題訓(xùn)練PassageA—Step1—聽力選擇練習(xí)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hewentoutforawalk. B.Hehadagooddrink. C.Hewatchedamovie.2.HowwillEricgototheconference?A.Bysubway. B.Bycar. C.Bytaxi.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.ThewomancantryonabluedressB.ThedresssuitsthewomanwellinlengthC.Stronglightsinfluencethechoiceofcolor.4.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inarestaurant. B.Onatrain. C.Onaplane5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Schedulesforasummercamp.B.Preparationsforatrip.C.Tipsforbookinghotels.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Asaleswoman. B.Apoliceofficer. C.Atrafficschoolinstructor.7.Howmanyhoursadayonaveragearerequiredforthecoursestudy?A.Twohours.B.Threehours C.Sixhours.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.WhydoesDavidcallMary?A.Toaskforalift.B.Toadvisehertogetrelaxed.C.Tohelphimwithhomework.9.WhattaskdoesMaryhavetofinishnextTuesday?A.Takeaphysicsexam.B.Submitabookreport.C.Finishanoralpresentation.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.HowdoesJanetfeelaboutthesituationofcamerashopsinthetown?A.Embarrassed.B.Surprised.C.Ashamed.11.WhichcamerashopisColinvisiting?A.TheoneonDixonStreet.B.TheoneonEdgarStreet.C.TheoneonHatfieldStreet12WhydosomecamerashopscloseaccordingtoColin?A.Camerasareoldfashioned.B.GoodphotoscanbetakenwithphonesC.ThingspurchasedontheInternetcostless.13.WhatisColin’splanthisweekend?A.Buyingsomememorycards.B.Takingphotosforawedding.C.Attendingtohisfriends’kids.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhendidJenniferstartcooking?A.Asachild.B.Asamother.C.Asareporter.15.WhatisSimple.FastandHealthy?A.Awomen’smagazine.B.Afoodblog.C.Arecipecollection.16.WhatledJennifertostartwritingaboutfood?A.HerloveforwritingB.Herfinancialburden.C.Herdesireforanaward17.WhoaretheintendedreadersofJennifer’sblog?A.Fulltimemoms.B.Herfamilymembers.C.Busymothers.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whydoesthepanyorganizethetrainingprogramforitsstaff?A.Tobuilduptheirteamspirit.B.Toenhancetheirleadershipskills.C.Toencouragethemtotakeadventures.19.Whatwillthelecturesfocuson?A.Howtobuildpublicrelations.B.Howtoachievepeople’slifegoals.C.Howtoimprovelongdistancerunning20.Howwilltheprogramassesstheparticipants?A.Byorganizingatestattheendoftheprogram.B.Byrecordingtheirperformanceinareport.C.BygradingtheirabilitytosolvetoughproblemsPassageA—Step2—聽力填空拔高練（聽力原文）(Text1)W:

Hey,

Dick,

didyouhaveagoodtimeyesterday?M:

Yes.

Iwentjoggingwithmyfriendsbythelake,

butitrainedatnoon,

sowehadtostayinacafebeforewewenttothecinemaat6:30pm.

(Text2)M:

Ourmeetingbeginsat6:00.

Iwilltakethesubway,

soI’llgetthereintimetounlockthefrontdoor.

Whataboutyou?W:

Well,

IwillcatchaDiditaxi.

Erictoldmehewillprobablybelate,

sincehehastowaitforaridefromhisroommate.

(Text3)M:

Wow,

Ithinkthedresslooksbeautifulonyou.W:

Itslengthisperfect.

ButI’mnotsureaboutthecolor.

Myskincolorisalittledarkandtheindoorlightsaretoostrong.

M:

Wehavethesamedressinblue.

Maybeitwilllookevenmorebeautiful.

(Text4)W:

Whyarewesittinghere?Ithoughtyoulikedtobenexttoawindow.

M:

Ido,

butwe’llbeflyingatnight,

soIwon’tbeabletoseeanything.

W:

Butwhydidyougetseatsrightattheback?M:

Someoneatworkgavemeagoodtip.

Hesaidifyouaskforseatsattheback,

sometimestherewillbeemptyonesnearby,

soyoucanhaveenoughlegroom.

(Text5)W:

Howareyougoingtospendthesummervacation?M:

I’mgoingtotraveltoItaly.

W:

Wow,

fascinating!Butitwouldbedifficulttoarrangeallthethingsbyyourself.

M:

Youbet!Ispentmuchtimeonthevisaandlookingforhotels.

Ifinditreallychallenging.

(Text6)W:

Goodmorning.

M:

Goodmorning.

MayIaskyouaquestion?W:

Askaway.

M:

HowmanyhoursofthebehindthewheelcoursedoIneedtotake?W:

Youhavetodosixhoursbehindthewheel.

M:

HowmanydaysdoIneedtofinishthecourse?W:

Youcan’tfinishinlessthanthreedays.M:

Isthatall?W:

There’snothingelsetoit.

M:

Thatsoundseasyenough.

(Text7)M:

Mary,

thisisDavid.

Listen,

KateandIwanttogobowlingtomorrownight,

butwedon’thaveawaytogetthere.

Ifyoudrive,

we’llpayforyourentrancefeetothegym.

Howaboutit?W:

Well,

itsoundslikefun,

butactuallyI’vereallygotalotofhomeworktodorightnow.

M:

Oh,

eon,

Mary.

It’llbefun.

Goandrelaxyourself,

andyou’llstudybetter!W:

Ireallycan’t.

I’vegotaphysicsexamnextMondayandabookreportdueonTuesday,

whichI’mreallynervousabout.

Idon’tthinkI’denjoyitmuch.

Butthanksalotforthinkingofme.

SorryIcan’thelpyouout.

M:

Oh,

don’tworryaboutit.

(Text8)W:

HiColin.

Whereareyougoing?M:

HiJanet.

Tothecamerashopintown.

W:

Whichone?M:

Itmusthavebeenalongtimesinceyouwenttotown.

There’sonlyonecamerashopthesedays.

W:

Really?M:

Yes,

theoneonDixonStreetshutdownyearsago.

TheoneonEdgarStreetsurviveduntillastyear,

andtheonlyonenowisonHatfieldStreet.

W:

That’sashame.

Isupposecamerasaren’taspopularthesedays.

Nowadaysyoucantakegoodpictureswithaphone.

M:

Mostcamerashopscan’tpetewithInternetprices.

Infact,

thesameistrueforothershops.

W:

Whatareyougoingtobuy?M:

Somememorycards.

There’sasaleontoday.

W:

Doyoustilltakephotographsprofessionally?M:

Sometimespeopleaskforpicturesoftheirkids,

butusuallyIjusttakepicturesofplantsandanimalsforpleasure.

IamdoingaweddingonSaturday,

though.(Text9)M:

Hello,

weletoourprogram,

AdventuresinCooking.

Today,

wehaveaspecialguest,

Ms.

JenniferTaylor.

Sheisheretotalktousaboutherfoodblog.

Thankyouforspeakingwithustoday,

Ms.

Taylor.

Canyoutelluswhenyoustartedcooking?W:

Ispentmysummervacationsonafarmwithmygrandma.

AssoonasIwastallenoughtoreachthestove,

shestartedteachingmefamilyrecipes.

M:

Wonderful.

So,

youhavejustreceivedanawardforhavingoneofthebestfoodblogsinthecountry.

Canyoutelluswhenyoustartedkeepingablog,

andwhyyounameditSimple,

Fast,

andHealthy?W:

Foryears,

Iworkedasareporterforawomen’smagazine.

AfterIgotmarriedandhadthreekids,

Istoppedworkinginordertobeafulltimemom.

Inordertofeedmyfamily,

Icookedthemthreehealthymealsaday.

Butitwashardformetostopwriting,

soIstartedwritingaboutfood.

Iknewalotofmomswhofeltbusy,

justlikeme.

Iwantedtogivethemrecipesthattheycouldusewithoutspendingtoomuchtimeinthekitchen.

Now,

anymomwhowantsinspirationcanlookatmyblog.

(Text10)Goodmorning,

ladiesandgentlemen.

Iwanttotakealittletimetoletyouknowabouttheshorttrainingprogramthepanyisnowplanning.

TheprogramiscalledLearningFromAdventureanditisdesignedtodevelopleadershipskills.

Therewillbelecturesonpublicrelationsandmanagementaswellasoutdooractivitiessuchasclimbingmountains,

longdistancerunningandcamping.

Youdon’tneedanypastexperience.

Therewillbenoprogramtests.

However,

thepanywillreceiveafullreportonyourperformance.

Youaresuretoimproveyourabilitytohelpothersrealizetheirgoalsandtodealwithdifficulttasksunderdifficultconditions.

The12dayprogramwillbeinJuly.

Ifyoulike,

youcanusepartofyourtwentydaypaidholidays.

There’snochargeforthisprogram.

Ifyouareinterested,

pleasewriteyournameonthispieceofpaperafterthemeeting.

Thankyou.

參考答案：15CBACB67CA89AB1013BCCB1417ABAC1820BABPassageB—Step1—聽力選擇練習(xí)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whoorganizedtheparty?A.Eric. B.Janet. C.Sandy.2.Whatdoesthewomanusuallycarrywhensheshops?A.Abag. B.Abox. C.Abasket.3.Whattimewillthemanarrive?A.Atabout7:50a.m. B.Atabout8:10a.m. C.Atabout8:45a.m.4.Whatwillthewomandoforthedog?A.Keephisbodyclean.B.Takehimforawalk.C.Providefoodandwater.5.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenJaneandLucy?A.Relatives. B.Coworkers. C.Interviewerandinterviewee.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takearestintheseat. B.Walkhome. C.Stayinbed.7Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthewoman’shome. B.Inarestaurant. C.Onthestreet.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?AKeepfit. B.Buyahouse. C.Startabusiness.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sgoal?A.Boring. B.Foolish. C.Frightening.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatdoesthemanwantfromthewoman?A.Avideo. B.Aputer. C.Asciencepaper.11.Whatdoesthemanhavetodotoday?A.Gorunning. B.Fixsomething. C.Finishaproject.12.Howdoesthemanfeelintheend?A.Upset. B.Anxious. C.Grateful.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Whatisthehouselikeaccordingtothespeakers?A.Itisbigenough.B.Itisinapoorcondition.C.Ithasasmoothfloor.14.Whatmighthappentothehouseaccordingtothewoman?A.Itwillbesold. B.Itwillfalldown. C.Itwillremainempty.15.Whathasthewomanheardinthelocalstore?A.Thenewsofrepairs.B.Thesoundofanaccident.C.Thechataboutabusiness.16.Whatmightworrythewomanabouthavingahotelnextdoor?A.Thesafety. B.Thespace. C.Thenoise.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thestoryofalostcat.B.Thelifeonthefarm.C.TheHarryPotterseries.18.WheredoColinandEcholive?A.Inanapartment. B.Onafarm. C.Onaboat.19.WhendidHarrygomissing?A.10yearsago. B.12yearsago. C.14yearsago.20.Whomadethecallprobably?A.Avisitor. B.Afarmer.C.Thestaffinananimalshelter.PassageB—Step2—聽力填空拔高練（聽力原文）(Text1)W:Surprise!Happybirthday,Eric!M:What’sthis?Aparty?Whoseideawasthis?Wasityours,Sandy?W:No,thiswasallJanet’sidea.Sheinvitedustoeandcelebratewithyou.(Text2)M:Itlookslikeyouhaveyourhandsfull.Letmegiveyouabox.W:Thanks.Iemptiedmybasketandpaidfortheshoppingatthesupermarket.ThenIrealizedthatIhadn’tbroughtthebagIusuallytakewithme.(Text3)W:Hi,Dad.Sorrytobotheryou.Mycarwon’tstartandIhavetobeatthestationat8:45a.m.Canyougivemealift?M:Ofcourse.Let’ssee,it’s8:00a.m.now.I’llbetherein10minutes.W:I’llbewaitingforyou.(Text4)M:WouldyoubeabletolookaftermydogwhileI’maway?W:Sure.WhatdoIneedtodo?M:Youdon’thavetowalkhim.Justcleanhislitterboxandfeedhim.W:Noproblem.(Text5)M:Hi,Jane.MywifeLucyhastoldmesomuchaboutyou.Ihearyouhavesimilarthoughtsaboutyourboss.W:Yeah.Iamlookingforothernewspaperjobscurrently.(Text6)M:Dinnerwasgood,wasn’tit?W:Yes,butIthinkIshouldhaveeatenless.M:Doyoufeelill?W:Ido.IthinkI’llgohomeandliedown.M:That’snotagoodideaaftereating.Ithinkweshouldjustsitalittlelongerandletyourstomachwork.You’llprobablyfeelbetterifyourelaxforawhile.W:Youareright.I’msorryaboutthis.Idon’twanttojudgethefoodhere.Itwasexcellent.M:Alittletoogood,obviously.(Text7)W:I’dlovetotravelaroundtheworldbutIdon’tthinkIcandoitnow.M:Whynot?Youareyoungandfit.Youhaveyourownbusinessandmakeagoodine.W:Iknow,butIamtryingtosavemoney.M:Whatfor?Youshouldenjoylifewhenyouareyoung.W:ButIhaveplansforthefuture.I’mtryingtosaveenoughmoneytobuyahouse.M:Whenwillyouhaveenoughtodothat?W:IfIkeepsavingthesameamounteachmonth,Iwillmeetmytargetinfiveyears.M:Don’tbeboring.Youshouldbuyanicecarandenjoythegoodlife.Livefortoday,nottomorrow.W:I’mafraidthatsoundsabitsillytome.Iwillsticktomyplan.(Text8)M:Couldyouhelpme,please?W:Yes,whatdoyouwant?M:CouldIborrowyourputerforacoupleofdays?W:What’swrongwithyours?Hassomebodystolenit?M:No,it’sbeenrunningreallyslowthelastfewdays.LastnightthescreenjustwentblackandIcouldn’tgetittoworkagain.W:Whatareyougoingtodo?M:I’lltakeittotherepairshoptomorrowandgetitfixed.TheproblemisthatI’minthemiddleofdoingascienceproject,whichIneedtofinishtoday.W:OK,butI’mwatchingavideoonmyputernow.It’shomeworkfrommyteacher.Icanbringitovertoyouaroundnoon.M:OK,thatwillbegreat.Thankyousomuch.W:I’mgladtohelp.That’swhatfriendsarefor.(Text9)W:Haveyounoticedthatpeoplekeepvisitingthehousenextdoor?M:Theemptyone,youmean?W:Yes,todayisthethirdtimethisweekthatIhaveseenpeoplethere.They