江蘇省2020-2021學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期末考試模擬試卷（一）（無答案）

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

UrbanTransportationinCanada

Publictransportation&Transitpasses

AllcitiesandmostmajortownsinCanadahaveapublictransportationsystemwith

oneormoremodesoftransportation（bus,subway,train,etc.）.Thebusisthemostcommon

formofurbantransportationinCanada.Tousepublictransportation,youmustbuya

ticketoratransitpass.Transitpassesallowyouunlimiteduseofpublictransportation

foraspecificperiod（onemonthormore）.Theyareusuallycheaperthanbuyingmany

ticketsifyouplantousepublictransportationoften.

Transportationforpeoplewithdisabilities

Publictransportationoftenhasfeaturestoassistpeoplewithdisabilities.Inmany

citiesandtowns,therearealsotransportationservicesavailablespecificallyfor

peoplewithlimitedmobility,suchasspeciallyequippedbuses.Youcanfindoutabout

theseservicesinthesamewayyouwouldlearnmoreaboutotherpublictransportation

options.

Mannersonpublictransportation

Whentakingpublictransportationsuchasabusortrain,itisimportantto

understandtheunspokenrulesofconductinthesharedspace.Hereareafewthingsto

note:

?Bepoliteandrespectfultoothersaroundyou.Forexample,maintainan

appropriatenoiselevelwhentalkingormakingaphonecall.

?Ifyouarecarryingabackpackoralargeshoulderbaginacrowdedpublictransit

vehicle,keepitclosetoyou,preferablyatyourfeettoavoidhittingpeoplewithit

asyouwalkby.

?Avoidpushingortouchingothersinordertomakemoreroomforyourself.Sometimes

publictransitcanbecomeverycrowded,butitisimportanttokeepcalmandgiveothers

appropriatepersonalspace.

?Haveyourproofofpaymentaccessibleincaseyouareaskedtoshowit.

1.Whatistheadvantageofusingtransitpassesoverbuyingtickets?

A.Safertrips.B.Lowercosts.

C.Moreuseoftransport.D.Longerservicehours.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthetransportationsystemforthe

disabledinCanada?

A.Somecitieslimittheirmobilityoncitybuses.

B.Itprovidesfreeridesforthemintownsandcities.

C.Allcitiesdon,trunspecialtransportservicesforthem.

D.Forsafety,itoffersfewertransportationoptionsforthem.

3.Whichisconsideredproperwhileyouareonpublictransportation?

A.Ifpossible,keepacertaindistancefromothers.

B.Ifpossible,placeyourbackpacksonavacantseat.

C.Ifnecessary,raiseyourvoicetomakeyourselfheard.

D.Ifnecessary,youcanpullotherstomakeroomforyourself.

B

London-basedartistSarahEzekielhaswoninternationalrecognitionforhervivid

inspiringpictures.Butherworkisallthemoreremarkableforthefactthatshehas

amedicalconditionthathasleftherunabletomoveherarms.

Ezekiel?spicturesarepainstakinglyproduced,usingthemovementofhereyesand

specializedtechnologythatrelaysthosemovementstoacomputer.

Theeye-trackingtechnologygivesEzekielaplatformforartisticexpression.

Otherwise,shewouldbestoppedbyararedisease—amyotrophiclateralsclerosis（ALS）.

Ezekielshowednosignsoftheconditionuntil2000whenshenoticedsomeweakness

inherleftarm.Withinmonths,shewasdiagnosed（診斷）withALS.Shedescribesher

firstfiveyearslivingwithALSasaudarkwilderness"and“verylonely”.Today,

shecanneitherspeaknormovebutsaysatechnologyhasmademylifeworthliving”.

EzekielusesasystemmadebyTobiiDynavox,acompanyspecializingin:"EyeGaze”

devicestohelppeoplewithmedicalconditionscommunicate.Itstechnologyuses

projectors,camerasandalgorithms（算法）totrackthetinymovementsoftheuser's

eyesandcontrolacursor（光標(biāo)）onascreen.

Ezekiel,whostudiedartwhenshewasyoung,beganpaintingusingtheEyeGazedevice

in2012.AlthoughherworkhasbeenexhibitedacrosstheUK,Ezekielsaysshe'sstill

learningandthattherearealwaysnewtechniquestoexplore.Computer-basedarthas

ahistorydatingbacktothe1950s.Overtime,algorithm-basedshapesmadewayfor

softwarethatallowedgreaterskills,andthecomputerscreenbecameadigitalcloth

forpainting.

“Thestrangethingisthatmystylehasn,tchanged,“Ezekielsaysofherwork.

“MyEyeGazeworkissimilartotheworkIdidwithmyhandsbefore.”

uBeinganartistbymeansoftechnologyhastotallyimprovedmyoutlookonlife

andopenedupmanyotherpossibilitiesforme,“saysEzekiel."Icouldn,tcreatefor

yearsandit'sfantasticthattechnologyhasmadeitpossibleagain.”

4.HowdidEzekielfeelinthefirstfiveyearslivingwithALS?

A.Firm.B.Disappointed.C.Hopeless.D.Positive.

5.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?

A.HowtheEyeGazedeviceworks.B.WhatTobiiDynavoxspecializesin.

C.Whattechniquesareneededtopaint.D.WhenEzekielwasdiagnosedwithALS.

6.WhatdoesEzekielthinkofherworksmadebyusingtechnology?

A.Theyarepushedforward.

B.Theylackimaginationandcreativity.

C.Technologylimitsherimaginationandcreativity.

D.Thestyleoftheworksremainsbasicallyunchanged.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeEzekiel?

A.Braveandkind.B.Determinedandtalented.

C.Generousandstrong.D.Lonelyandstubborn.

C

AcompetitionmakingupVersaillesliteraturewaslaunchedonSinaWeiborecently.

SowhatisVersaillesliterature?

Actually,thetermhasnothingtodowiththeFrenchpalacenorwithliterature.

ItcamefromTheRoseofVersailles,aJapanesemangaseriesaboutaristocratic（貴

族化的）lifeatthepalaceofVersaillesinFranceinthelate18thcentury,andwas

coinedbyaChineseinfluencerearlierthisyear.Knownashumblebragging,itisaboast

（吹牛）disguisedasacomplaint."Ihavetoomanyhouses.HowcanIdecidewhichone

todecorate?”and“IthoughtIlostweightthismorning.SodisappointedwhenIrealized

itwasbecauseItookoffthehugediamondringmyboyfriendgavemelastnight”are

someexamplesofVersaillesliterature.Theintentionistoshowoff---usuallythings

ofmaterialisticvalues,yetoneoughttopretendthat'snotthepoint.

Asthe19thcenturyEnglishauthorJaneAustenfamouslywrote,“Nothingismore

deceitful（欺詐的）thantheappearanceofhumility（謙遜）."Thepsychologybehind

humblebraggingistoberecognizedforone'ssuccessesandbelikedbyothersatthe

sametime,accordingtoscholars.InherarticletitledWhydopeoplehatehumblebragging?

publishedinPsychologyToday,psychologistDr.SusanKraussWhitbourneattheUniversity

ofMassachusettsAmherstnotedthathumblebraggingisa“strategyinpursuitof

respectbecauseitdrawsattentiontoone*saccomplishmentsinacircuitousway.

However,studiesonsocialmediausersshowthathumblebraggingasaself-promotion

strategydoesnotwork.IntheessayHumblebragging:Adistinctandineffective

self-presentationstrategy,theUniversityofNorthCarolinaresearcherOvulSezerand

HarvardUniversityscholarsFrancescaGinoandMichaelNortonconcludedfromtheir

researchthathumblebraggersareperceivedmorenegativelythanstraightbraggersdue

totheformer?sinsincerity."Thecriticalfactordifferentiatingthetwogroupsof

peopleissincerity.Peopledon,tlikebraggers,buttheyatleastseethemasmore

sincerethanhumblebraggers,saidFrancescaGino.

So,howcanweannoyhumblebraggersback?”Justpretendyoudon'tgetwhatever

itistheytrytoshowoff,“anetizenadvised."Andrespondwithgenuinesympathy

fortheircomplaints.”

8.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistypicalof^Versaillesliterature^?

A.Youknowwhomyfatheris?MyfatherisLiGang.

B.Gotfiveofferstodate.I'matalosswhichtochoose.

C.It'saheadachehowtomakemysontidyuphisroomregularly.

D.I'mfedupwithlivinginthecountrysidewithnoshoppingmallsaround.

9.Whatisthepsychologybehindhumblebragging?

A.Towinothers'sympathy.B.Toearnothers'admiration.

C.Toshowhis/hersincerity.D.Tomaskhis/hercomplaint.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedworld“circuitous“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.IndirectB.Comic.C.Obvious.D.Sharp.

11.Whatcan'tbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Braggersarerelativelymoresincerethanhumblebraggers.

B.Humblebraggingisanartificialappearanceofbeinghumble.

C.Torespondwithrealsympathywilldiscouragehumblebraggers.

D.Ifyouwanttobeperceivedpositively,tryusingVersaillesliterature.

D

Thefutureofspaceexplorationmaydependonanartformfromthepast:origami

（折紙藝術(shù)），theancientartofpaperfolding.

ResearchersfromWashingtonStateUniversity（WSU）,US,haveusedorigamitopossibly

solvetheproblemofstoringandmovingfueltorocketengines,akeychallengeinspace

travel,accordingtoNewswise.They'vedevelopedafoldableplasticfuel“bladder（囊

狀物）“resistanttosupercoldtemperatures,whichcouldbeusedtostoreandpumpfuel

inspacecraftsofthefuture.Theirfindingshaverecentlybeenpublishedinthejournal

Cryogenics.

“Folkshavebeentryingtomakebagsforrocketfuelforalongtime,“saidJake

Leachman,oneoftheleadresearchers."Wecurrentlydon,tdolarge,long-duration

tripsbecausewecan'tstorefuellongenoughinspace.”

Meanwhile,NASAisalsolookingtopaperfoldingtohelpobservedistantplanets.

TheagencyiscurrentlydevelopingStarshade,afoldable,sunflower-shapedpieceof

hardwarethatwouldhelpblockstarlightandenabletelescopestoviewdistantobjects

moreclearlyinspace.

“Ahugepartofmyjobislookingatsomethingonpaperandasking,'Canwefly

this?’"MananArya,atechnologistinCalifornia,said."OnceIrealizedthisishow

youfoldspacecraftstructures,Ibecameinterestedinorigami.IrealizedIwasgood

atitandenjoyedit.Now,Ifoldconstantly.”

Usingorigamiforspacepurposesisn,tnew,however.Solararrays（太陽能陣歹（J）,

experimentalwingsforspaceshuttleprogramsandaninflatable（可充氣的）satellite

werealsoinspiredbyorigamiinbothpastandpresentspaceprojects.

“Withmostorigami,themagiccomesfromthefolding,“RobertSalazar,whohelped

designtheStarshadeandnowworksontheTransformersproject,saidinastatement.

uTherearesomanypatternstostillbeexplored.”

12.Howcouldthe“bladder“helpinfuturemissions?

A.Toprotectspacecraftsfromextremeweather.

B.Tobeusedtostoreandsupplyfuelinspacecrafts.

C.Tohelprocketenginescutenergyconsumption.

D.Tobeusedtoimproveenergyefficiency.

13.WhatcanweknowaboutNASA'sStarshade?

A.Itcanbeusedtogettelescopesclosertostars.

B.Itcanenlargetheviewoftelescopesinspace.

C.Itcanabsorbastar'slightbeforeitenterstelescopes.

D.Itcanhelptelescopesgetclearerpicturesofobjectsinspace.

14.Whatisthistext?

A.Atraveljournal.B.Adigest.C.Asciencereport.D.Anadvertisement.

15.Whichcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Foldingintospace.B.Theartofpaperfolding.

C.Spaceexploration.D.Theorigami-inspiredprojects.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

Whenyoubuyacupofcoffee,youhaveprobablynoticedthethreedifferentsize

options:small,mediumandlarge.Themedium-sizedservingoftencostsalmostasmuch

asthelargeone.16.haveyoueverchosenthebiggestandmostexpensiveoption?

Ifso,youhavebeendrivenbyacognitivebias（認(rèn)知偏誤）knownasthe“decoy

effect（誘餌效應(yīng)）”.17.Itpushesyoutopaymoremoneythanyouwouldhaveotherwise

chosento.Consideranotherexample.

Imagineyouarechoosingflightsfromthefollowingoptions:

■FlightAcosts$400withastopoverof60minutes.

■FlightBcosts$330withastopoverof150minutes.

■FlightCcosts$435withastopoverof60minutes

TheresearchersfoundthatmostpeoplewouldchooseFlightA.Itischeaperthan

FlightC.ComparedwithFlightBithasashorterwaitingtime—eventhoughitis

considerablymoreexpensive.

Nowlookatadifferentsetofflights:

■FlightAcosts$400withastopoverof60minutes

■FlightBcosts$330withastopoverof150minutes

■FlightCcosts$330withastopoverof195minutes.

Inthiscase,mostpeopleJspreferencewasFlightB.

Ineachcase,FlightC(thedecoy)wasdesigned,toappearsimilarto,buts]ightly

lessattractivethan,oneoftheotheroptions(thetarget).18.Experimentshavefound

theuseofawell-designeddecoycanshiftopinionbetweentheothertwooptionsbyas

muchas40percent—showinghoweasilyourdecisionscanbeswayedbythewaytheyare

designed.

Thedecoyeffectwasfirstinvestigatedasapotentialmarketingstrategyto

influenceconsumerchoices.However,bylearningaboutit,youmaybecomelesslikely

tobeaffectedbythisunconsciousinfluence.19.

Ifyouarediscussingtravelpanswithfriends,forinstance,andhavenotdecided

yetwheretogo,youmightpresenttwoalternativearrangementsatyourcityofchoice,

butonewithaslightlymoreexpensivehotel.Evenifyourfriendsmighthaveotherwise

selectedadifferentlocation,thecomparisonmightjusttemptthemtooptforyour

preferredoption.

20.Askyourselfwhetheryouarereallychoosingtheoptionyouneedorwant,or

whetheryouarebeingdistractedbyanintentionallyunappealingalternative.Likean

expertsnipe（狙擊手）trainedtoavoidfalsetargets,youmayfindthatyourjudgement

suddenlybecomesalotmoreaccurate.

A.Psychologistsstilldebatetheexactreasonsforthisparticulareffect.

B.Don'tallowyourselftobecomeyetanothervictimofthedecoyeffect.

C.Youmayevendiscoverwaystoputittoyourownuseasatoolforpersuasion.

D.Thatcomparisonalteredthewaytheparticipantsperceived（感知）theother

possibilities.

E.Thelatestresearchshowsthatitcouldalsohavestrongeffectsonrecruitment（招

聘），healthcareandevenpolitics.

F.Youarepresentedwithawell-designed,additional,andslightlylessattractive

option.

G.Giventheapparentbargain

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳

選項。

Iwaswalkingdowntheroadonedaywhenmycellphonerang.Astrangevoiceon

theotherendspoketome,“Dad,pleasecomebacksoon.Imissyousomuch!”Ijudged

thatitwasa21number.Alittlewhilelater,thecallcameonceagain,soIrudely

22,"You'vedialedthewrongnumber!wandthen23.

Duringthefollowingdays,Igotthesame24nowandthen.ButIdidn'tcare

muchaboutit.

ThenonedaysheconstantlycalledmeeventhoughIdidn,tanswer.FinallyIanswered

thephoneandheardaweakvoice,“Dad,pleasecomeback.Imissyousomuch!Dad,I'm

25somuchpain!Momsaidyouweretoobusytotake26ofme.But,dad,please

kissmeagain,OK?”Theinnocent（天真）27wasdifficulttorefuse.Imadea28

kissonthephoneandheardtheweakvoicesay,“Thankyou...Dad,Iamso...happy,

so....happy,

Shortlyafterthis,Ibecame29aboutwhohadbeenontheotherendofmyphone.

SoIcalledback,andawomananswered,“Sorry,sir.Iamreallysorrytohavebothered

you.Mydaughterhassufferedfrombonecancer30shewasborn.Andherfather...

diedinan31ashortwhileago.Idarenottellherthissadnews.Poorbaby.

Whenshecouldn'tbearthepainfulchemotherapy（化療），shewouldcryforherdad,who

hadalways32her.Ireallycouldn,tbearit,soIgavehermyphonenumber...”

aHowisyourdaughternow?”Icouldn,t33toask.

“She's34,Youmusthavekissedheronthephone,becauseshepassedaway

withasmile,tightlyholdingthecellphone...”

35filledmyeyesandIwassosadtohearthat.

21.A.badB.differentC.wrongD.unlucky

22.A.refusedB.explainedC.answeredD.returned

23.A.turnedoffB.hungoffC.gotoffD.tookoff

24.A.numberB.callC.telephoneD.result

25.A.inB.ofC.onD.at

26.A.controlB.attentionC.careD.interest

27.A.conditionB.suggestionC.adviceD.request

28.A.loudB.softC.lowD.sweet

29.A.surprised.B.curiousC.interestedD.amazed

30.A.whenB.asC.sinceD.after

31.A.invitationB.accidentC.eventD.experiment

32.A.praisedB.supportedC.satisfied1).encouraged

33.A.expectB.helpC.waitD.want

34.A.survivedB.goneC.passedD.escaped

35.A.AngerB.CriesC.TearsD.Disappointment

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

ThenewrulesintheUnitedKingdom,362(design)tosupportthenationtomake

healthierchoices,willstopretailers(零售商)fromofferingpromotionssuchas”buy

onegetonefree”or“3for2"onfoodanddrinkshigh37.fat,saltorsugar.

Freerefillsofsugarysoftdrinkswillalso38.(ban)intheeating-outsector.

39(health)promotionswillalsonolongerbefeaturedinkeylocations,such

asatcheckouts,storeentrancesandtheironlineequivalents.Promotionsoftenappear

tohelpshoppers40.(save)money.However,datashowsthatthesedealsactually

increasepurchasesof4L(promote)productsbyalmost20%.Theyencouragepeople

tobuymorethantheyneedorintendedtobuyin42.firstplace.

“Weknowfamilieswanttobepresentedwithhealthierchoices.Thisis43.we

arelimitingpromotionsand44.(introduce)arangeofmeasurestomakesurethe

healthchoiceistheeasychoice,“publichealthministerJoChurchillsaid."Creating

anenvironment45.helpseveryoneeathealthierfoodisim