永州市2024年高考第二次模擬試卷英語注意事項：1.本試卷共10頁，滿分150分。考試用時120分鐘。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。2.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號填寫在答題卡上。3.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號，不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題15分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwilltheschoolbusarrive?A.At6:45.B.At7:05.C.At7:352.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Acarsaleswoman.B.Acaféwaitress.C.Atoysaleswoman.3.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Takeapicture.B.Havesomecheese.C.Lendhiscamera.4.Wheredocstheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inanoffice.C.Inaschool.5.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Hesitant.B.Scared.C.Determined.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）所下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘聽完后；各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Hostandguest.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whatwillthewomanprobablytalkabout?A.Carver’sproducts.B.Carver’spany.C.Carver’slifeexperience.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Forgivingfriends’mistakes.B.Acceptingtheresultsoflying.C.Beinghonestallthetime.9.WhowillDanielspeaktonext?A.Hismother.B.Hisbestfriend.C.Hissister.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題10.Whatdidtheman’steamdointherescue?A.Theytriedtofindcluestothesurvivors.B.Theysearchedtheforestbyhelicopter.C.Theyhelpedcleanthecrashedplane.11.Whycouldthekidssurviveaccordingtotheman?A.Theyfoundalocalmunity.B.Theydiscoveredashelterwithfoodandwater.C.Theyknowalotabouthowtosurviveinthewild.12.Whatwillbeimprovedabouttherescuers?A.Theskillsinmedicalhelp.B.Theabilitytobuildshelters.C.Theefficiencyofmunication.13.Whatwillthespeakersmostlikelydo?A.Lookatamap.B.Talkwiththechildren.C.Hikethroughthejungle.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatdidthewomantakeuprecently?A.Goingcycling.B.Watchingbasketball.C.Playingtabletennis.15.Whatistheman’shobby?A.Photography.B.Painting.C.Exercising.16.WhatwillthemandothisSaturday?A.Playbasketball.B.Haveasportsevent.C.Hostasingingcontest.17.Howoftendidthewomangojogginginthepast?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whydoesthespeakergivethistalk?A.TodiscussEnglishlearningmethods.B.TogiveexamplesforEnglishlearning.C.Tosharesomethingaboutaccents.19.WhatpercentageofBritishspeakersspeakinRPaccordingtothelateststudies?A.Around3%.B.Around5%.C.Around40%.20.Whatdoesthespeakerofferatlast?A.AspecificrequestforEnglishlearners.B.Ausefulsolutiontothelanguageproblem.C.Moresupportforthepreviouspoint.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將選項涂黑。AIfyou’relookingfortheperfectactivitytodowithyourteens—tryboardgames!Herearethreeboardgamesforteensthatwillexercisetheirbrainsinamazingways.Hive(Ages:8andup)Hiveisconsideredaboardgame,exceptthereisnoboard.Aseachplayeraddspieces,theboardiscreated.Hiveeswitharulebookthatexplainswhateachpiececan/can’tdo.AbouttheGame:Asmoreandmorepiecesareadded,thegamebeesafighttoseewhocanbethefirsttocapturetheopposingQueenBee.Youcanbeequiteskilledsoonbecauseplayingthegameiseasy—eventhoughyouhavetobeonyourtoesthinkingthrougheachmove.Blokus(Ages:7andup)BlokusBoardGamereceivedaMensaawardforpromotinghealthybrainactivity.AbouttheGame:Thegoalofthisgameisfortheplayerstofitalloftheirpiecesontotheboard.Thepiececannotlienexttotheotherplayer’spieces.Butitmustbeplacedtouchingatleastonecorneroftheirpiecesalreadyontheboard.Theplayerwhogetsridofalloftheirtiles(棋子)firstisthewinner.Thegamecanberepeatedformorefamilyfun.Codenames(Ages:14andup)Codenamesisafamilygamefor48players.AbouttheGame:Therearetwoopposingspymasterswhoknowtheidentityof25agents.Theirteammatesknowtheagentsonlybytheircodenames.Spymastersgiveonewordcluesthatcanpointtomultiplewordsontheboard.Teammatestrytoguesswordswhileavoidingthosebelongingtotheopposingteam.Theteammanagingtocontactalltheiragentsfirstwinsthegame.1.WhatdoweknowaboutHive?AIthasnofixedplayingrule. B.Itneedsplayingexperience.C.Ithasareadymadeboard. D.Itrequirescautiousdecisions.2.WhatdoBlokusandCodenameshaveinmon?A.Theminimumageis7.B.Theyhavereceivedawards.C.Theyaresuitableforfamilyfun.D.Theyneedplayerstoguesswords.3.Whoisthetextprobablyintendedfor?A.Brilliantteens. B.Devotedparents.C.Experiencedplayers. D.Creativeinventors.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了三種適合青少年的棋盤游戲，它們將以驚人的方式鍛煉他們的大腦?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Hive”部分中的“Youcanbeequiteskilledsoonbecauseplayingthegameiseasy—eventhoughyouhavetobeonyourtoesthinkingthrougheachmove.(你很快就會變得相當熟練，因為玩這個游戲很容易——盡管你必須時刻保持警惕，思考每一步棋。)”可知，這款游戲需要玩家時刻保持警惕，思考每一步棋。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Blokus”部分中的“Thegamecanberepeatedformorefamilyfun.(這個游戲可以重復進行，以獲得更多的家庭樂趣。)”以及“Codenames”部分中的“Codenamesisafamilygamefor48players.(Codenames是一款適合48名玩家的家庭游戲。)”可知，這兩款游戲都適合家庭娛樂。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyou’relookingfortheperfectactivitytodowithyourteens—tryboardgames!Herearethreeboardgamesforteensthatwillexercisetheirbrainsinamazingways.(如果你正在為你的青少年尋找完美的活動，那就試試棋盤游戲吧！這里有三種適合青少年的棋盤游戲，它們將以驚人的方式鍛煉他們的大腦。)”可知，這篇文章是寫給父母的，幫助父母為自己的孩子選擇完美的活動。故選B。BAt98,DickVanDykestillsingswithhisgroup,TheVantastix,andstillmakesitalllookeasy.Whenaskedhowimportantitisthathe’shavingfunwhenhe’sdoingit,VanDykereplied,“Mywholecareerhasreliedonthat.It’ssuchablessingtofindawayofmakingalivingthatyoulove.Ifeelsosorryforpeoplewhohatetheirjob.Ilookforwardtogoingtoworkeverymorning!”Andsomeofhisworkhelpeddefineageneration.Take“TheDickVanDykeShow”;itranforfiveyearsonCBS,anditwassuchahitthatthey’rebringingitback.Thisweek,CBSairedatwohourtribute(致敬),“DickVanDyke,98YearsofMagic”,andfortheoccasion,theyrecreatedtheoriginalDickVanDykeShow”set,downtothatwellknownsofa.EarlyinhiscareerVanDykewasquotedassayingheonlywantedtomakefilmshischildrencouldwatch.ThatgottheattentionofWaltDisney,whopromptlycasthimin“MaryPoppins”.Andhisnextfewfilmswereequallyfamilyfriendly,like“ChittyChittyBangBang,”whichhappenedtohavebeencowrittenbyJamesBondcreatorIanFleming.Fromthenon,VanDykewasalmostalwaysassignedtoplaythegoodguy,thoughheclaimstohavemissedoutonachoicepart:“Yeah,IcouldhavebeenJamesBond.WhenSeanConneryleft,theproducersaid,‘WouldyouliketobethenextBond?’Isaid,‘HaveyouheardmyBritishaccent?’That’satruestory!”Itseemsthatinshowbizthetruelegendsneverstop.Inaninterviewfrom2017withhisfriends,VanDykedescribedwhatitwaslikehitting90:“Peoplearemoreafraidofagingthantheyareofdeaththesedays.AndIwanttosaythatremainyounginheartandthere’salotofgoodlivingtodo.”4.WhatcanweinferfromDyke’sreplyinParagraph1?A.Heenjoyshisjob. B.Hehatesmorningwork.C.Heseeshisjobasaburden. D.Heprefersleisuretowork.5.WhatdidCBSdoforDyke?A.Theycreatedanewsetforhisshow.B.Theyboughtafamoussofaforhim.C.Theymadeaspecialprogramforhim.D.Theyinvitedyounggenerationtowatchhisshow.6.WhichstatementistrueaboutDyke’scareer?A.Hisfilmsarerarelyfamilyfriendly.B.Hisfilmsareonlymadeforhischildren.C.VanDykewasalwaysplayingthegoodguy.DVanDykehadthechancetoplayJamesBond.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ForeverYoung. B.WorkesFirst.C.AlwaysHaveFun. D.LegendsAreTimeless.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要描述了DickVanDyke的職業(yè)生涯和他對工作的態(tài)度，同時也提到了他的電視劇和電影作品。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenaskedhowimportantitisthathe’shavingfunwhenhe’sdoingit,VanDykereplied,“Mywholecareerhasreliedonthat.It’ssuchablessingtofindawayofmakingalivingthatyoulove.Ifeelsosorryforpeoplewhohatetheirjob.Ilookforwardtogoingtoworkeverymorning!”(當被問及在比賽中獲得樂趣有多重要時，VanDyke回答說：“我的整個職業(yè)生涯都依賴于此。能找到一種自己喜歡的謀生方式是一種福氣。我為那些討厭自己工作的人感到難過。我每天早上都盼望著去上班！”)”可知，VanDyke很喜歡自己的工作。故選A。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thisweek,CBSairedatwohourtribute(致敬),“DickVanDyke,98YearsofMagic”,andfortheoccasion,theyrecreatedtheoriginalDickVanDykeShow”set,downtothatwellknownsofa.(本周，哥倫比亞廣播公司(CBS)播出了一個兩小時的致敬節(jié)目“DickVanDyke，98年的魔力”，為了這個場合，他們重現(xiàn)了“DickVanDyke秀”的原始場景，包括那張著名的沙發(fā)。)”可知，哥倫比亞廣播公司為他制作了一個特別節(jié)目。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Fromthenon,VanDykewasalmostalwaysassignedtoplaythegoodguy,thoughheclaimstohavemissedoutonachoicepart:“Yeah,IcouldhavebeenJamesBond.WhenSeanConneryleft,theproducersaid,‘WouldyouliketobethenextBond?’Isaid,‘HaveyouheardmyBritishaccent?’That’satruestory!”(從那以后，VanDyke幾乎總是被分配扮演好人，盡管他聲稱自己錯過了一個選擇角色：“是的，我本來可以演詹姆斯·邦德的。當肖恩·康納利離開時，制片人說：‘你想成為下一個邦德嗎？’我說，‘你聽到我的英國口音了嗎？’這是一個真實的故事!”)”可知，VanDyke本有機會扮演詹姆斯·邦德的。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenaskedhowimportantitisthathe’shavingfunwhenhe’sdoingit,VanDykereplied,“Mywholecareerhasreliedonthat.It’ssuchablessingtofindawayofmakingalivingthatyoulove.Ifeelsosorryforpeoplewhohatetheirjob.Ilookforwardtogoingtoworkeverymorning!”(當被問及在比賽中獲得樂趣有多重要時，VanDyke回答說：“我的整個職業(yè)生涯都依賴于此。能找到一種自己喜歡的謀生方式是一種福氣。我為那些討厭自己工作的人感到難過。我每天早上都盼望著去上班！”)”以及文章最后一段“Inaninterviewfrom2017withhisfriends,VanDykedescribedwhatitwaslikehitting90:“Peoplearemoreafraidofagingthantheyareofdeaththesedays.AndIwanttosaythatremainyounginheartandthere’salotofgoodlivingtodo.”(在2017年接受朋友采訪時，VanDyke描述了90歲的感覺：“現(xiàn)在人們更害怕衰老，而不是死亡。我想說的是，保持年輕的心態(tài)，還有很多美好的生活要做?！?”可知，文章主要講述了VanDyke將自己的成功歸于獲得樂趣。故選C。CBeforehumansstoredmemoriesaszeroesundones,weturnedtodigitaldevicesofanotherkind—preservingknowledgeonthesurfaceoffingersandpalms.WhenMogaoCaveswasuncoveredin1900,anagingdrawingwasliftedfromatroveofreligiousmanuscripts.Thedrawingillustratesamnemonic(助記符號)system,awayofprojectingknowledgeontothehandssoitcanbestudied,memorized,andstoredinapocket.Aroundthesametimethismnemonicwasmade,amonknamedBedehalfwayaroundtheworldwasdevelopingadifferentsystemofmanualknowledge.Thesetwosystemsareperhapstheearliestexamplesofmanualmnemonics.Beginningroughlytwelvehundredyearsago,westartedusingthehanditselfasaportable(便攜的)placeofknowledge,aplacetostorewhatevertendedtoslipourmentalgrasp.Thehandbecameanallpurposememorymachine.Indifferenttimesandplaces,handsprovidedmnemonicmapsofsound.Asearlyasthethirteenthcentury,Chinesescholarswereprojectingsyllablecharts(音節(jié)圖表)ontothepalmsandfingers.Thesocalled“Guidonianhand”owesitsnametotheeleventhcenturyItalianmusicteacher,Guidod’Arezzo.Arrangingthedifferentpitchesinascaleontothejoints,hedevelopedthistechniquetohelpstudentslearn“unheardmelodymosteasilyandcorrectly”.OtherthinkersinEurope,perhapsinspiredbyGuido,developedsystemsforlearningthesoundsoflanguage.Thenquestionsarise.First,whatmakesthehandsopopularasamnemonicprop?Alargepartoftheanswer,surely,involvesportability.Thehandsarealways,well,readytohand.Afurtheradvantagestemsfromhowhandmnemonicsofferbothvisualandkinesthetic(動覺的)routestomemory:Theyarebothseenandfelt.It’salsohardtodeterminewhenandwhyhandmnemonicsfadedout.Handmnemonicsarestillusedtoteachthe“righthandrule”inphysicsclassroomsandremainespeciallypopularinmedicine.Today,weincreasinglystoreour“thoughts”invirtualrealms(領域),butwesometimesstillreachforthatoriginal“digital”repository(存儲庫)inourpockets.8.Whatdowelearnaboutthetwoearliestexamplesofmnemonics?A.BedemadeahandmnemonicinMogaoCaves.B.Theyarethesamesystemofmanualknowledge.C.Thedrawingwasuncoveredonthefingersandpalms.D.ThedrawingfromMogaoCavesillustratesamnemonicsystem.9.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Humanhandsmappedsoundcharts.B.Humanhandsplayedaroleinsoundmnemonics.C.Guidohelpedhisstudentslearnunheardmelody.D.Scholarsprojectedsyllablechartsontothepalmsandfingers.10.Whydoesthehandgainpopularityasamnemonicprop?A.Thehandisalwaysavailableforuse.B.Thehandcanfeelwhatpeoplememorize.C.Fingerscaneasilybemarkedwithcharacters.D.Handmnemonicshelpmemorizevisiblethings.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofhandmnemonics?A.Positive. B.Pessimistic. C.Uncertain. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了手部助記法。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“WhenMogaoCaveswasuncoveredin1900,anagingdrawingwasliftedfromatroveofreligiousmanuscripts.Thedrawingillustratesamnemonic(助記符號)system,awayofprojectingknowledgeontothehandssoitcanbestudied,memorized,andstoredinapocket.(1900年莫高窟被發(fā)現(xiàn)時，一幅古老的圖畫從一批宗教手稿中被取出。這幅圖說明了一種助記系統(tǒng)，一種將知識投射到手上的方法，這樣就可以學習、記憶和儲存在口袋里)”可知，莫高窟的這幅畫說明了一種助記符號系統(tǒng)。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段內容及首句“Indifferenttimesandplaces,handsprovidedmnemonicmapsofsound.(在不同的時間和地點，手提供了聲音的記憶地圖)”可知，本段主要講述了手在聲音助記符號中發(fā)揮作用，故選B。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“First,whatmakesthehandsopopularasamnemonicprop?Alargepartoftheanswer,surely,involvesportability.Thehandsarealways,well,readytohand.(首先，是什么讓手作為一種記憶道具如此受歡迎？當然，答案的很大一部分與便攜性有關。手總是，嗯，準備好了)”可知，手作為一種助記道具受歡迎是因為它隨時隨地都可以使用。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Handmnemonicsarestillusedtoteachthe‘righthandrule’inphysicsclassroomsandremainespeciallypopularinmedicine.Today,weincreasinglystoreour‘thoughts’invirtualrealms(領域),butwesometimesstillreachforthatoriginal‘digital’repository(存儲庫)inourpockets.(在物理課堂上，手記法仍然被用來教授‘右手規(guī)則’，在醫(yī)學領域尤其流行。今天，我們越來越多地將我們的‘思想’存儲在虛擬世界中，但有時我們仍然會在口袋里找到原始的‘數(shù)字’存儲庫)”可知，手部助記法在物理課堂以及醫(yī)學領域仍在使用，雖然我們越來越多地使用虛擬助記法，但有時仍會使用手部助記法。由此推知，作者對手部助記法的未來持積極態(tài)度。故選A。DInrecentyears,scientistshavediscoveredthatmushroomsaremuchmorethanjustatastyadditiontoyourfavoritedish.Infact,theyarethe“Internetoftrees”—avastnetworkofundergroundmycorrhizal(菌根的)fungi(真菌)thatconnectstreesandotherplantsinasimilarwaytohowtheInternetconnectspeople.Themycorrhizalnetworkismadeupofhyphae(菌絲),whichconnecttherootsofdifferentplantsandtrees.Thesehyphaeactlikeanundergroundinternet,allowingplantstoexchangenutrients,water,andevenhormones(激素).Forexample,ifonetreeisunderstressduetodroughtordisease,itcansendouthormonestowarnothernearbytreesofthedanger.Theothertreescanthenpreparethemselvesfortheingthreat.Humanbeingscanhelptreesandmushroomsbypracticing“mycorestoration”inregenerativeprojects.WiththeGlobalTreeInitiativeworkingtowardsreforestationandpreservingnaturalhabitats,itisimportanttosharehowmycorestorationcansupplyinnovativewaystomitigatetheimpactofhumanactivities.Fungiarenaturaldeposers(分解器)thatbreakdownplexorganicmatter,likedeadtrees,intosimplerpoundsthatcanbeabsorbedbyplants.Thisdepositionprocessiscrucialforthehealthofourforests,asitcontributestonutrientcycling,soilformation,andcarbonsequestration.Byintroducingnativefungispeciesintoareaswheredeforestationhasoccurred,wecanhelpregeneratesoilandsupportthegrowthofnewtrees.Fungiformsymbiotic(共生的)relationshipswithtreeroots,improvingtheirabilitytoabsorbwaterandnutrients.Thisincreasedaccesstoresourcesacceleratestreegrowthandimprovestheirresiliencetostress,suchasdroughtordisease.FosteringsustainablemunitiesthroughmycorestorationcanbeconductedthroughglobalpartnershipsthatpromoteecologywithinEcovillageDesignEducation.TheGlobalEcovillageNetwork’spresenceinfivecontinentsandinover8,000munitiesaroundtheplanet,helpstheregenerativeapproachtomunitybuildingandpreservationofexistingforests.Bypromotingsustainablelandmanagementpracticesandreducingourrelianceonextractiveindustries,ecovillagescanhelppreventdeforestationandprotectthehabitatsofcountlessplantandanimalspecies.12.The“Internetoftrees”canfunctionas________.A.Alinkerofhormones. B.Awarningofdanger.C.Adetectorofdiseases. D.Adestroyerofnutrients.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”mean?A.Assess. B.Increase. C.Relieve. D.Underestimate.14.Howdofungihelprestoredeforestation?A.Theyproducemorewaterandnutrients.B.Theyhelpformplexplantfriendlypounds.C.Theyacceleratetheprocessofcarbonsequestration.D.Theyhelpwithsoilregenerationandtreegrowth.15.WhatcanbeachievedthroughtheGlobalEcovillageNetwork?A.Promotingecologicaleducation.B.Preservingexistingforests.C.Buildingindependentmunities.D.Reducingrelianceonindustries.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了蘑菇在自然界中的重要性和作用，以及人類如何通過實踐來幫助樹木和蘑菇，促進生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康和可持續(xù)發(fā)展?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Themycorrhizalnetworkismadeupofhyphae(菌絲),whichconnecttherootsofdifferentplantsandtrees.Thesehyphaeactlikeanundergroundinternet,allowingplantstoexchangenutrients,water,andevenhormones(激素).Forexample,ifonetreeisunderstressduetodroughtordisease,itcansendouthormonestowarnothernearbytreesofthedanger.Theothertreescanthenpreparethemselvesfortheingthreat.(菌根網絡由菌絲組成，菌絲連接著不同植物和樹木的根。這些菌絲就像一個地下網絡，允許植物交換營養(yǎng)物質、水，甚至激素。例如，如果一棵樹由于干旱或疾病而受到壓力，它可以發(fā)出激素來警告附近的其他樹木有危險。其他的樹可以為即將到來的威脅做好準備。)”可知，菌根網絡可以發(fā)出激素來警告附近的其他樹木有危險。其他的樹可以為即將到來的威脅做好準備。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文的“WiththeGlobalTreeInitiativeworkingtowardsreforestationandpreservingnaturalhabitats(隨著全球樹木倡議致力于重新造林和保護自然棲息地)”可推測，分享真菌修復提供減輕、緩解人類活動的影響。因此劃線單詞的意思和“減輕、緩解”相似。選項A“Assess(評估)”；選項B“Increase(增加)”；選項C“Relieve(緩解)”；選項D“Underestimate(低估)”。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Fungiarenaturaldeposers(分解器)thatbreakdownplexorganicmatter,likedeadtrees,intosimplerpoundsthatcanbeabsorbedbyplants.Thisdepositionprocessiscrucialforthehealthofourforests,asitcontributestonutrientcycling,soilformation,andcarbonsequestration.Byintroducingnativefungispeciesintoareaswheredeforestationhasoccurred,wecanhelpregeneratesoilandsupportthegrowthofnewtrees.(真菌是天然的分解者，它能將復雜的有機物，如枯死的樹木，分解成可以被植物吸收的簡單化合物。這一分解過程對森林的健康至關重要，因為它有助于養(yǎng)分循環(huán)、土壤形成和碳封存。通過將本地真菌物種引入森林砍伐發(fā)生的地區(qū)，我們可以幫助土壤再生并支持新樹木的生長。)”可知，真菌有助于土壤的再生并支持樹木的生長。故選D?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TheGlobalEcovillageNetwork’spresenceinfivecontinentsandinover8,000munitiesaroundtheplanet,helpstheregenerativeapproachtomunitybuildingandpreservationofexistingforests.Bypromotingsustainablelandmanagementpracticesandreducingourrelianceonextractiveindustries,ecovillagescanhelppreventdeforestationandprotectthehabitatsofcountlessplantandanimalspecies.(全球生態(tài)村網絡在五大洲和全球8000多個社區(qū)開展業(yè)務，有助于社區(qū)建設和現(xiàn)有森林保護的再生方法。通過促進可持續(xù)土地管理實踐和減少我們對采掘業(yè)的依賴，生態(tài)村可以幫助防止森林砍伐和保護無數(shù)動植物物種的棲息地。)”可知，通過全球生態(tài)村網絡，可實現(xiàn)社區(qū)建設以及保護現(xiàn)有森林。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。BenefitsofPersonalityTestsCanidentifyingone’spersonalitytypeusingtheMBTIandotherpersonalityassessmentsreallyhelp?Theymay____16____BetterunderstandothersAftertakingapersonalitytestandseeingourresults,wecangainabetterunderstandingofallthedifferentperceptionsandreactionsthatothersmighthavetothesamesituation.____17____.Nopersonalitytypeis“better”thananyother—justdifferent.Eachperspectivebringssomethingnewandinterestingtothetable.IdentifyourlikesanddislikesMaybewe’vealwayshatedtalkingonthephonebutneverreallyunderstoodwhy.____18____.ByusingpersonalitytestsliketheMBTI,wecanlearnmoreaboutwherewelieontheextroversion/introversionandthinking/feelingcontinuum(連續(xù)性).Thishelpsusbetterunderstandwhyweprefercertainthingsanddislikeothers.____19____.Learningmoreaboutourpersonalitytypecanalsohelpusdiscovernewwaystoapproachchallenges.Knowingwhatmightworkbestforourpersonalitytypecangiveusnewideasonhowtosolveproblems,dealwithstress,copewithconflict,andmanageourworkhabits.RecognizeourstrengthsandweaknessesKnowingwhatwearegoodatcanbeimportantinawidevarietyofsituations,whetherwearepickingacollegemajororthinkingaboutrunningforaseatonourlocalschoolboard.Forexample,ifweknowthatweareanISTJ(introverted,sensing,thinking,andjudging)ontheMBTI,wemightrecognizethatcertainaspectsofourpersonalitymightqualifyasstrengthsinsomesituationsandweaknessesinothers.____20____,itcansometimestripusupinsituationswhereweneedtoletotherpeopletakecontrol.A.HoldontoideasaboutwhoweareB.KnowwhichsituationsareidealforusC.Here’sanoverviewofthemanybenefitsofpersonalitytestsD.WhiletheyrevealtruththatshowcasesdifferentaspectsofpersonalityE.WhileourorganizationalskillsandcarefulnesscanbeamajorstrengthinourworkF.ThisisimportantbecauseweallhavedifferentwaysofseeingandinteractingwiththeworldG.Orperhapswe’vealwaysneededmuchtimetothinkaboutaproblembeforemakingadecision【答案】16.C17.F18.G19.B20.E【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了性格測試的好處?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Canidentifyingone’spersonalitytypeusingtheMBTIandotherpersonalityassessmentsreallyhelp?Theymay.(用MBTI和其他人格評估來識別一個人的人格類型真的有幫助嗎？他們可能有幫助。)”可知，上文講述的是性格測試有好處。選項C“Here’sanoverviewofthemanybenefitsofpersonalitytests(以下是性格測試諸多好處的概述)”承接上文指出性格測試有好處，同時引出下文具體的好處。故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前內容“Aftertakingapersonalitytestandseeingourresults,wecangainabetterunderstandingofallthedifferentperceptionsandreactionsthatothersmighthavetothesamesituation.(在進行性格測試并看到我們的結果后，我們可以更好地理解其他人對相同情況的不同看法和反應。)”可知，得知自己的性格后，我們可以更好地理解其他人對相同情況的不同看法和反應。選項F“Thisisimportantbecauseweallhavedifferentwaysofseeingandinteractingwiththeworld(這一點很重要，因為我們都有不同的看待世界和與世界互動的方式)”延續(xù)上文內容，指出理解不同的人對相同情況有著不一樣的看法很重要。故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Maybewe’vealwayshatedtalkingonthephonebutneverreallyunderstoodwhy.(也許我們總是討厭打，但從來沒有真正明白為什么。)”可知，我們并不明白自己討厭某件事的原因。選項G“Orperhapswe’vealwaysneededmuchtimetothinkaboutaproblembeforemakingadecision(或者也許我們在做決定之前總是需要很多時間來思考問題)”與上文內容一致，指的是我們也不明白為什么自己在做決定之前總是需要很多時間來思考問題。故選G?！?9題詳解】空處為小標題，為本段主要內容。根據(jù)下文內容“Learningmoreaboutourpersonalitytypecanalsohelpusdiscovernewwaystoapproachchallenges.Knowingwhatmightworkbestforourpersonalitytypecangiveusnewideasonhowtosolveproblems,dealwithstress,copewithconflict,andmanageourworkhabits.(更多地了解我們的性格類型也可以幫助我們找到應對挑戰(zhàn)的新方法。知道什么最適合我們的性格類型，可以給我們解決問題、處理壓力、處理沖突和管理工作習慣的新思路。)”可知，本段講述的是了解自己的性格類型可以幫助我們找到應對挑戰(zhàn)的新方法，從而了解什么是最適合我們的。選項B“Knowwhichsituationsareidealforus(知道哪些情況對我們來說是最理想的)”正是本段內容的綜述。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前內容“Forexample,ifweknowthatweareanISTJ(introverted,sensing,thinking,andjudging)ontheMBTI,wemightrecognizethatcertainaspectsofourpersonalitymightqualifyasstrengthsinsomesituationsandweaknessesinothers.(例如，如果我們知道自己在MBTI測試中屬于ISTJ型(內向、敏感、思考和判斷)，我們可能會意識到我們性格的某些方面在某些情況下可能是優(yōu)勢，而在另一些情況下可能是劣勢。)”可知，上文講述的是我們性格的某些方面在某些情況下可能是優(yōu)勢，而在其他情況下則可能是劣勢。而空后內容“itcansometimestripusupinsituationswhereweneedtoletotherpeopletakecontrol.(它有時會在我們需要讓別人控制的情況下絆倒我們。)”指的是劣勢，由此可推斷，空處指的應該是優(yōu)勢。選項E“Whileourorganizationalskillsandcarefulnesscanbeamajorstrengthinourwork(雖然我們的組織能力和細心是我們工作中的一大優(yōu)勢)”指出組織能力和細心是我們工作中的一大優(yōu)勢，與下文內容邏輯一致，指出這樣的優(yōu)勢在某些情況下會成為劣勢。故選E。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Inmy30s,Idecidedtolearntorideabike.WhenIwasyoung,Ihadnoonetoteachme.MymomremarriedafterdivorcewhenIwas6.IrememberedIwas____21____becauseIwastheonlykidover6whostillreliedontrainingwheels.Thenmystepdadremovedthem,butindoingthat,Ilostinterestand____22____intheactivity.IwasworriedI’dfalloff.Notknowinghowtoridedidn’t____23____meinitially,untilwemovedtothesuburbswhenIwas12yearsold,wherebicycleswere____24____.On____25____totheconveniencestoretobuycandywithmyfriends,Iwasalwaysthelasttoarrive,onfoot.Inmyearly30s,Irememberfeeling____26____asIwatchedyoungchildrenlearnto____27____onbikes.Amongthemweremyneighbors,whomIwouldoccasionally____28____.Thensomethingchanged.Thefearwithinwasstillthere,butsomethingmuchstrongerwas____29____.Idecidedtojoinawomen’sbikeridingworkshop.There,Istoodinanurbanpark,determinedtooveremy_____30_____.Meetingwomenfromdiversebackgrounds,allseekingcyclingskillsforvariousreasons,strengthenedmy_____31_____.Beforelong,Iwasriding_____32_____._____33_____thejoyofriding,Iboughtmyownbike,notjustforgettingaroundbutto_____34_____losttimeback.Itwasn’tsimplyabike;itrepresenteda(n)_____35_____Imissedearlier.Ipletelyengagedmyselfintheexperience,enjoyingthesceneryandthebreezeonmyface.21.A.stuck B.teased C.cheated D.misunderstood22.A.trust B.ability C.strength D.ambition23.A.confuse B.please C.surprise D.bother24.A.rare B.popular C.forbidden D.limited25.A.trips B.hikes C.adventures D.bikes26.A.fortunate B.confused C.annoyed D.envious27.A.improve B.wave C.balance D.perform28.A.observe B.coach C.babysit D.criticize29.A.takingover B.workingout C.goingoff D.steppingaside30.A.embarrassment B.fear C.disappointment D.tiredness31.A.connection B.exchange C.mitment D.determination32.A.slowly B.nervously C.pletely D.confidently33.A.Assessing B.Clarifying C.Embracing D.Casting34.A.claim B.hold C.give D.fight35.A.lesson B.chance C.mission D.training【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.A26.D27.C28.C29.A30.B31.D32.C33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者在30多歲時克服恐懼重新學習騎自行車的經歷和感悟。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得我被嘲笑過，因為我是唯一一個6歲以上還依賴輔助輪的孩子。A.stuck卡?。籅.teased嘲笑；C.cheated欺騙；D.misunderstood誤解。根據(jù)后文“becauseIwastheonlykidover6whostil