2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷

注意事項

1.考生要認真填寫考場號和座位序號。

2.試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分必須用2B鉛筆作答；第二部分必須用黑

色字跡的簽字筆作答。

3.考試結(jié)束后，考生須將試卷和答題卡放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1.Ifwewantstudentstobecomeeffectiveinmulticulturalsettings,onethingisclear:thereisnoforpractice.

A.prescriptionB.substitute

C.appetiteD.suspension

2.Facetheproblembravelyandyouanewwaytosuccess.

A.findB.foundC.willfindD.havefound

3.Theathletes,especiallythewinners,shouldremainmodestrapidprogresstheyhavemade.

A.whateverB.however

C.howmuchD.nomatter

4.—Guesswhat!Icameacrossanoldfriendatthestationlastweekend.

—I'msureyoutalkedwithhimhappily.

A.Soundsgood!B.Verywell.

C.Hownice!D.Allright.

5.—UncleWangisinhospital.

—Oh,really?I.Igoandvisither.

A.didn9tknow;amgoingtoB.hadn9tknown;would

C.haven'tknown;willD.didn,tknow;will

6.Thekidiscrying,forhejumpovertheditchonhisown.

A.daresnottoB.darenottoC.doesn'tdaretoD.daresnot

7.—WouldyoupleasewaitforamomentwhileItelephonethereceptiondesktocheck?

A.Iwouldn'tmindthatB.Soundlikefun

C.ImeanitD.Youwish

8.—Isaysomethingtoyou?Youwerereally,reallysomethingbackthere.Incredible!

…Areyoutalkingto…me?Whoa!

A.MustB.CanC.NeedD.Should

9.—yourpurchasesintime,makesuretheexpresscompanyknowsyouraddressexactly.

A.ToreceiveB.Received

C.ReceivingD.Havingreceived

10.NodecisionAaboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.

A.willbemadeB.ismade

C.isbeingmadeD.hasbeenmade

11.—Vivien,youlookblue.Whafswrong?

—Therearesomanypapers,I'mreallybusyrecently.

A.finishB.tofinish

C.finishingD.finished

12.Wasitfromthelakeheoftenwentfishinghesavedthedrowninggirl?

A.that;thatB.where;where

C.where;thatD.that;where

13.Inmyopinion,one'sindividualincomedoesnotwhollyreflecttheextentone'sself-valueandsocialvalue

arerealized.

A.ofwhichB.withwhich

C.onwhichD.towhich

14.ScientistshavecometotheconclusionthetemperatureonEarthisgettinghigherandhigher.

A.WhatB.that

C.whichD.when

15.—HowdoyouthinkIcanmakeupwithJack?

—Setasideyoudisagreeandtrytofindyouhaveincommon.

A.what;whatB?what;whereC.where;whatD.where;whether

16.Allcolorfades,undertheimpactofdirectsunlight.

A.especiallyB.eventually

C.appropriatelyD.merely

17.Ithinkyoucouldcomplain,,ofcourse,youarehappywiththewaythingsare.

A.unlessB.thatC.whichD.where

18.Nowtheworld'sattentionthestockingmarkets,astheyhavegreatinfluenceontheworld'seconomy.

A.isfixingonB.isbeingfixedon

C.hasfixedonD.hadbeenfixedon

19.WearelivinginanageQRcodes（二維碼）arebecomingmoreandmorepopularinourdailylife.

A.whyB.that

C.whoseD.when

20.Wearelivinginanagemostofthingsaredoneoncellphones.

A.whichB.that

C.whoseD.when

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

21.（6分）ThesixthmassextinctionoflifeontheEarthisunfoldingmorequicklythanfeared,scientistshave

warned.Morethan30percentofanimalswithabackbone—fish,birds,amphibians,reptilesandmammals—are

declininginbothrangeandpopulation,accordingtothefirstcomprehensiveanalysisofthesetrends.

Aroundadecadeago,expertsfearedthatanewrangewipeoutofspecieswasappearing.Today,mostagreethatitis

underway—butthenewstudysuggeststhatthedie-outisalreadygrowingfast.

Thelossofbiodiversityhasrecentlyaccelerated.Severalspeciesofmammalsthatwererelativelysafeoneortwo

decadesagoarenowendangered,includingcheetahs,lionsandgiraffes,thestudyshowed.

Thereisnomysteryastowhy:ourownever-expandingspecies—whichhasmorethandoubledinnumbersince

1960to7.4billion—iseating,crowdingandpollutingitsplanetarycohabitantsoutofexistence.Bycomparison,there

areasfewas20,000lionsleftinthewild,lessthan7,000cheetahs,500to1,000giantpandas.

Themaindriversofwildlifedeclinearehabitatloss,over-consumption,pollution,otherspecies,disease,aswellas

huntinginthecaseoftigers,elephants,rhinosandotherlargeanimalsprizedfortheirbodyparts.

Climatechangeisthoughttobecomeamajorthreatinthecoiningdecades,withsomeanimals—mostfamously

polarbears—alreadyindeclineduetorisingtemperaturesandchangingweatherpatterns.

1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accelerated"inParagraph3mean?

A.Madeup.B.Putup.

C.Spedup.D.Usedup.

2、Whyhasthelossofbiodiversityspedup?

A.Themankind'spopulationisgrowingfast.

B.Theairpollutionistoosevere.

C.Therearefewerspeciesinlargerareas.

D.Mancauseswiderwaterpollution.

3、Whichisnotthemaindriverofwildlifedecline?

A.Outsideanimals.

B.Lossoflivingareas.

C.Variousillnesses.

D.Lackofwater.

4、Howisthefutureofpolarbears?

A.Uncertain.B.Hopeful.

C.Doubtful.D.Unsatisfying.

22.（8分）ManythousandsofChinesearestudyingatschoolsintheUnitedStates.AndwriterLielLeibovitz

saysthestudentsarefollowinganexamplethatbeganintheeighteenseventies.

Mr.LeibovitzandwriterMatthewMillerjoinedforcestotellthestoryofthestudentsintheirbook,"Fortunate

Sons."ThebooksaysChinasentonehundredandtwentyboysfrom1872to1875toAmericatolearnabout

developmentsthatcouldhelpmodernizetheircountry.

Mr.Leibovitzgottheideaforthebookabouttheboysafewyearsagowhenhewastravelingwithhiswifein

China.

Mr.LeibovitzlearnedthatQinggovernmentsentawholedelegation（代表團）ofboystolearnthewaysoftheWest.

ThegoalwasforthemtoreturntoChinaandhelptheircountry.

ThebooksaystheboysreceivedtheirAmericantraininginMassachusetts,NewYork,NewJerseyandConnecticut.

Itmusthavebeenaverygoodeducation.MnLeibovitzsaysthefirstprimeministeroftheChineseRepubliccompleted

thisprogram.Andsodidthefirstengineertobuildalarge-scalerailroadwithoutforeignhelp.Thesamewastrueofthe

fathersofChineseeducation,diplomacyandtheNavy.

Thebook-writershadonlytoopensomeboxescontainingthewritingsofthesementolearnaboutthem.Their

notebooks,Journals,lettersandpostcardswereinEnglish.Mr.Leibovitzsaidhewasluckytohavesomuchinformation

fromeventsthattookplacelongago.

ThestudentsreturnedtoChinaafteraboutnineyears.TheynolongerspokeMandarin（國語）wellenoughto

answerquestions.Policewelcomedthemhomebyputtingtheminjail.Theyoungmenwerereleasedafteraboutaweek.

Buttheyweregivenlow-leveljobs.

MrLeibovitzsaysittookabouttenyearsforthemtorisetohigherpositions.Hesaidtheirstorycontinuestoday

withlargenumbersofChinesestudyingintheUnitedStates.

1、HowmanyexchangechildrendidQinggovernmentsendtoAmerica?

A.1872.B.1875.

C.120.D.210.

2、QinggovernmentsenttheboystoAmericabecauseit.

A.wantedthemtohelptheircountry

B.lostthewar

C.expectedthemtodestroythecultureoftheWest

D.wantedtheWesterntohelptheboys

3、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.ManythousandsofChinesearestudyingatschoolsinAmerica.

SomeoftheboysreceivedtheirAmericantraininginCalifornia.

C.Policewelcomedtheboyshomebyputtingtheminjail.

D.OneoftheboysbecamethefatherofChineseeducation.

23.（8分）DisneyWorldisaverypopularattraction.Butgoingtherecanbecostly.Herearesomesuggestionsthat

canhelpyousavemoney.

Insteadofeatingatthepark,getpremadefoodfromanearbygrocerystoreorevenmakeyourownlunch.Also,

makesuretotakeyourownwaterwithyoubecausespending$3onwaterwillmakeyourstomachhurtAnotherideais

topacksnacksorquickandcheappick-me-upsasyoumakeyourwayaroundthepark.

Ofcourseyou'regoingtowanttotakesomeDisneysouvenirshomewithyou,butyou'llquicklyrealizethatit

comeswithaprice.Beforebuyinganything,makesureyouhaveaplan.Somesuggestionsforkeepingcostsdown

includepickingyourownpearlattheJapanstoreatEpcot,whichisallabouttheexperienceandonly$15.95plustax,

orevengettingspecialtradablecollectionpinthatyoucantradewithDisneycastmembersorotherguests.

WhenyougotoDisneyWorldonrainydays,youmaycatchalotofshowers.Butyoudon'thaveto.Gotoalocal

DollarTreeandbuydisposableponchos（一次性雨披）for$1.TheponchosatDisneyareprobablymoredurable（耐用

的）,buttheycost$9.Forafamilyoffive,theDisneyponchoswouldcost$45versusspending$5atthedollarstore.

Itcosts$17toparkinDisneyforaday.Luckily,mostnon-Disneyresortsofferfreeshuttles（來往的班車）toand

fromtheparkandallDisneyresortsofferfreetransportationforguestsaswell.Ifyouliketobeonyourownschedule

withoutworryingaboutwhentheshuttlecomes,thenparkingisyouronlychoice.Butwaitingfortheshuttleandgoing

byascheduleisn9treallydifficult,either.

1、Accordingtotheauthor;ifyouwanttoeatatDisneyWorld,youcan.

A.justtakepick-me-upstosavemoney

B.getpremadefoodatDisneyWorld

C.avoidfoodthatstimulatesyourappetite

D.preparefoodbeforeenteringthepark

2、WhatdoestheauthorthinkofbuyingpearlattheJapanstoreatEpcot?

A.Itcanbeaterribleexperience.

B.Itenablesonetogetpearlatareasonableprice.

C.It'sagoodwaytofindatradablecollection.

D.It'sthebestwaytogetDisneysouvenirs.

3、IfyoubuyfourponchosatalocalDollartreeinsteadofatDisney,youcansave.

A.$32B.$36

C.$40D.$45

4、Theauthorthinksitisadvisableto.

A.parkinDisneyWorldforaday

B.avoidgoingtoDisneyWorldonrainydays

C.usemoredurableponchosatDisneyWorld

D.usetransportationofferedbytheresorts

24.（8分）Althoughmosthitchhikers（搭便車的人）arepeople,passers-bytendtoignorethembecausetheyare

cautiousaboutgivingridestostrangers.Butwhatwilltheydoiftheycomeacrossahitchhikingrobot?Willtheytakeit

toitsdestinationorwilltheyjustleavethehelplessmachinebythewayside?

ThatistheanswerCanadianprofessors,DavidHarrisSmithandFraukeZeller,whostudytherelationship

betweenhumansandtechnology,areseekingforaftertheycameupwiththeideaofbuildingahitchhikingrobot.

HitchBOTisbuiltwithcheaphouseholditems.ThankstoaPCtablet,GPStrackerandcamera,hitchBOTnotonly

cansenditsthoughtsandpicturestothegeneralpublic,butalsocananswergeneralquestionsandkeepdrivers

entertainedwithsmalltalks.Thesmartrobotisevenabletoquoteinterestingfactsabouttheareasithaspassed

through.

Notsurprisingly,manypeoplearedoubtfulabouthitchBOT'sability.Mostpeoplethinkthecuterobotwillbe

damagedbysomeone.Actually,theyareallwrong.TherobothitchhikedallthewayfromHalifax,NovaScotia,to

Victoria,BritishColumbia,adistanceof3,700miles.ItwasfirstpickeduponJuly27thbyanelderlycouple.Itnotonly

reacheditsdestinationonAugust21st,butalsohadsomeamazingadventuresalongtheway.Itvisitednationalparks,

wentHshing,wentcamping,andevenattendedaweddingwhereitexperienceditsfirstdanceandinterruptedthe

bride'sspeech.

Inadditiontohelpingitgettoitsdestination,itsCanadianfanshavegoneouttoensureitssafetyfromcoveringthe

robotwithaplasticcape（披肩）tohelpkeepitdrytoensuringthatitstayshealthywithmotoroil.

1、Whyisthehitchhikingrobotbuilt?

A.Tohelppassers-byreachtheirdestinations.

B.Tofindouthowpeoplemightreacttoit.

C.Toseeifitwillgiveridestostrangers.

D.Toentertaindriversontheirway.

2、ThehitchBOTcandoallofthefollowingexcept..

A.talkingwiththedriverB.dancingwithpeople

C.sendingitsthoughtsandpicturesD.answeringanyquestionraised

3、HowlongdidittakethehitchBOTtoreachitsdestination?

A.Nearlyamonth.B.Overonemonth.

C.Twomonths.D.Oneweek.

4、WhatcanwelearnaboutthehitchBOT?

A.Itwasignoredbyanelderlycouple.

B.Itdidn'tmeetwithanydangeralongtheway.

C.Itexperiencedalongandamazingjourney.

D.Itwillbeputintothemarketquickly.

25.（10分）DiscoveringTasmania

TheislandofTasmaniaisseparatedfrommainlandAustraliabytheBassStrait.Theislandisaplaceof

naturalbeautyandhasmorethan2,000kmofwalkingtracksand18nationalparks.Ifyougoonatour,

you'lldiscoverawildandbeautifulplacewherethepeoplearefriendlyandthefoodisdelicious.Ifyoudon't

likewalking,thereareothertoursyoucanchoosefromincludingarivercruiseandcycling.Youcanalso

combineyourtourwithfishing,sailingorsunbathingonthebeach.

OneofthemostincredibleplacestowalkisalongtheTarkinecoastwhichislocatedinthenorth-westof

Tasmania.It'ssuchawildandremoteareathatyoucaneasilycompleteyourwalkwithoutseeinganyone

apartfromthemembersofyourgroupandyourtwoguides.Theareacontainsthelargesttemperate

rainforestinAustraliawhichishometomorethan50endangeredspecies.ItisalsohometomanyAboriginal

HeritageSites.Yourguideswillprovideyouwithplentyofinformationabouttheareaasyoucompletethat

partofyourtour.Duringyourtour,you'llcomeacrossrivers,mountainranges,spectacularwaterfalls,

wildlifeandlongwildbeaches.Itwillbeanexperienceyouwon'teasilyforget.

TourItinerary:

Day1:

You'repickedupfromyourhotelinthetownofLauncestonanddriventotheTarkine.Youthen

completeathree-hourwalkthroughtheforestbeforearrivingatyourcampatMysteryCreek.Thereyouwill

enjoyadeliciousmealcookedbyyourguides.

Day2:

Afterbreakfast,youcontinuedeeperintotherainforest,passingsomeofthetallesttreesintheworldas

yougo,andstoppingforlunchandthencampintheevening.

Day3:

Thehighlightoftoday'shikeistheTarkineFalls,abeautiful15-metrewaterfall.

Day4:

TodayyoucanstayatthecampandbatheintheTarkineFalls,oryoucangoforadayhikeformore

fantasticviewsoftheforest.

Day5:

Afteralasthikethroughtheforest,youarepickedupatabout4:00p.m.andyouarriveinLauncestonat

around7:00p.m.

Thetourincludestwoprofessionalguides,transporttoandfromtherainforest,allfoodwhileonthe

toursandallsafetyequipment.Youshouldbuyorhirerecommendedcampingequipmentincluding:

backpacks,sleepingbags,sleepmats,headtorches,raincoatsandtrousers.

1>Atouristtotheislandcan.

A.cyclealongtheTarkinecoastandthroughtheforest

B.buyorhireasmuchcampingequipmentaspossible

C.goforadaytrekformorefantasticviewsonDay5

D.choosetomakeasailingtouroftheplaceforpleasure

2、Fromthepassageweknowthat,

A.peoplewillwalkhoursinallthefivedaysduringthetour

B.manyspeciesindangerareprotectedinthenationalparks

C.ittakesaboutthreehourstodrivefromLauncestontoTarkine

D.thetourprovidesguides,accommodationandsafetyequipment

第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.

26.（30分）Onemorninginearlyfall,Ifoundapairofwildgeeseonourpond.Thebeautifulsightcaughtme

by1?becausewe'dneverseengeesetherebefore.I2theywouldsoonbeontheirway,soIenjoyedthe__

3tobeclosetothem.Iwonderedwheretheycamefromandwhythey'd4ourpond.

Thenextmorning,thegeesewere5ourguests,soIwatchedthematadistancetoshowthemImeantno_

6,Still,Icouldn't7gettingacloserlook.Istoppedbysometreesnearthewater'sedgeandquietlylookedat

themthroughthe8Iwassurprisedtoseethattheywere9me.

Asthedayspassed,Icontinuedtoseethemevery-day.Theycranedtheirnecksandraisedtheirheads10but

seemedtorealizeIwasafriend.Later,my11aboutwhytheywerestayingatthepondsolongchangedto

concern.Itwouldn'tbelongbeforethe12wintercameandthepondfrozeover.

Oneday,astheywerefeedinginthegrass,Idiscoveredthereasonfortheir13-themalehadabrokenleft_

14Hewasunabletofly,andhismatewouldnotleavehimbehind.IaskedawildlifebiologistfriendwhatIshould

do.Heexplainedthatsometimesabrokenwingwill15byitselfandsuggestedtatIletnaturetakeitscourse.

OnthefirstdayofNovember;I16sightofthegeeserunningtowardthepond,beatingtheirwingswithgreat

effort.Both17climbedhigherandflewoverthepond.Thentheyturnedbacktowardme,flyingnomorethan50

feetovermyheadasiftosaygoodbye.Thentheywere18

Theseason'sfirstsnowfelltheeverynextday.Thebirdsmusthave19thatwinterwascomingandthatitwas

timetogo.ImissthemverymuchnowandPllneverforgettheir20toeachothenWecanalllearnalessonortwo

fromthispair.

1、A.angerB?surpriseC.terrorD.sorrow

2、A.deniedIS?imaginedC,realizedD.assumed

3、A.opinionB.opportunityC.feelingD.message.

4、A.decidedB.orderedC.chosenD.forgotten

5、A.alsoB.stillC.evenD.seldom

6、A.violenceB.painC.harmD.punishment

7、A.bearB.stopC.riskD.resist

8、A.windowsB.forestsC.villagesD.branches

9、A.laughingatB.shoutingatC.stringatD.wavingat

10、A.cautiouslyB.positivelyC.skepticallyD.clearly

11、A.worryB.hesitationC.claimD.curiosity

12、A.shortB.cruelC.mildD.early

13、A.loveB.planC.journeyD.visit

14、A.wingB.footC.legD.eye

15、A.testB.appearC.dropD.heal

16、A.fixedB.caughtC.metD.remembered

17、A.hopefullyB.curiouslyC.recentlyD.gradually

18>A.outofsightB.outofquestionC.outofplaceD.outofreach

19、A.sensedB.plannedC.foundD.smelt

20、A.adviceB.respectC.devotionD.attention

第二節(jié)(每小題L5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

27.(15分)Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen.I*mverypleased1.(see)allofyouherebecauseyouaremyspecial

guests.Welcometoourcompany'smuseum.MynameisBrown,GeorgeBrown.I'mthegeneralmanagerofthe

company.Asyouallknow,we2.(main)makecomputersinourcompany,aswellassomeotherelectronicproducts.But

wearealsoquiteinterestedineducation.That'swhywehavefoundedthismuseum,3.childrencanlearnhow

computershavebeendeveloped,howtheyaremade4.howtheyareusedinindustry,agriculture,scientificresearch

andmanyotherareas.Childrencanoperatethecomputers,push5?buttonsandlistentostoriesaboutcomputers,and

theycanenjoyvideoshows.Iknowyouareallteachersandyouknow6.schoolchildrenreallyneed.SoIhopeyoucan

givemesuggestionsafteryou7.（show）around.Iwantmymuseumtobethebestofitskind8^_itopenstoall

schoolchildren.ThisisMr.TomSilver,myassistant.Hewillbeyourguidenow.I'llbe9.youinanhourandahalf.

Enjoy10..Seeyou.

第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）

28.（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有1（）處語言錯誤,

每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞；

2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

I'mhappytohaveolderbrother、He'scaring,smartorresponsible、I'mproudinhim,yetIamalwaysannoying

himandhurthisfeelings、

Butonethingmademetoseehowspeciallyourrelationshipis,Ihadacousinwhichdiedsevenyearsago、Ontheday

ofhisfuneral,hissistersaysshewishedshehadhadabetterrelationshipwithhim、Butnobodycanturnbackthehand

oftime、Idon'twantthistohappentomybrotherandI、Iwilltrytobeabettersister、

第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）

29.（25分）隨著手機和電腦的普及，年輕人給家人和朋友寫信的機會越來越少。最近，某英語學習網(wǎng)站邀請網(wǎng)友針

對這個現(xiàn)象展開討論。你打算參與討論，請根據(jù)下面的提示，寫一篇發(fā)言稿。

1.現(xiàn)代通訊工具的弊端；

2.寫信的好處；

3.發(fā)出幾點倡議。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考答案

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1、B

2、C

3、A

4、C

5、D

6、C

7、A

8、B

9、A

10、A

11、B

12、C

13、D

14、B

15、C

16、A

17、A

18、B

19、D

20、D

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

21、1、C

2、A

3、D

4、D

22、1、C

2、A

3、B

23、1、D

2、B

3、A

4、D

24、1、B

2、D

3、A

4、C

25、Inthe1962movieLawrenceofArabia,onesceneshowsanAmericannewspaperreportereagerly

snappingphotosofmenrobbingadamagedtrain.Oneoftherobbers,ChiefAudaabuTayioftheHoweitat

clan,suddenlynoticesthecameraandsnatchesit."AmIinthis?”heasks,beforesmashingitopen.Tothe

dismayedreporter,Lawrenceexplains,66Hethinksthesethingswillstealhisvirtue.Hethinksyou'reakindof

thief.”

Assoonascolonizersandexplorersbegantakingcamerasintodistantlands,storiesbegancirculating

abouthownativepeoplessawthemastoolsforblackmagic.The“ignorantnatives”mayhavehadapoint.

Whenphotographyfirstbecameavailable,scientistswelcomeditasamoreobjectivewayofrecording

farawaysocietiesthanearlytravelers'exaggeratedaccounts.Butinsomeways,anthropological（人類學的）

photographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholdsthecamerathantheonethatstaresback.Upintothe

1950sand1960s,manyethnographer（人種學者）sought“pure”picturesof"primitive”cultures,routinely

deletingmodernarticlesfordailyusesuchasclocksandWesterndress.Theypaidmenandwomento

re-enactritualsortoposeasmembersofwarorhuntingparties,oftenwithlittleregardfortruthfulness.

EdwardCurtis,thelegendaryphotographerofNorthAmericanIndians,forexample,gotoneMakahmanto

poseasawhalerwithaspearin1915—eventhoughtheMakahhadnothuntedwhalesinageneration.

Thesephotographsreinforcedwidelyacceptedstereotypesthatnativecultureswereisolated,primitive,

andunchanging.Forinstance.NationalGeographicmagazine'sphotographshavetaughtmillionsof

Americansaboutothercultures.AsCatherineLutzandJaneCollinspointoutintheir1993bookReading

NationalGeographic^themagazinesinceitsfoundingin1888haskeptatraditionofpresentingbeautiful

photosthatdon'tchallengewhite,middle-classAmericanconventions.Whiledark-skinnedwomencanbe

shownwithouttops,forexample,whitewomen9sbreastsaretaboo.Photosthatcouldunsettleordisturb,such

asareasoftheworldtornapartbywarorfamine,arediscardedinfavorofthosethatreassure,toconform

withthesociety'sstatedpledgetopresentonly“kindly”visionsofforeignsocieties.Theresult,Lutzand

Collinssay,isthedisplayof“anidealizedandexoticworldrelativelyfreeofpainorclassconflict.”

LutzactuallylikesNationalGeographicalot.Shereadthemagazineasachild,anditslushimagery

influencedhereventualchoiceofanthropologyasacareenShejustthinksthataspeoplelookatthe

photographsofothercultures,theyshouldbealerttothechoiceofcompositionandimages.

3、Themainideaofthepassageis?

A.PhotographstakenbyWesternexplorersreflectmoreWesterners9perceptionofthenativeculturesandthe

Westernvalues

B.ThereisacomplicatedrelationshipbetweentheWesternexplorersandtheprimitivepeoples

C.PopularmagazinessuchasNationalGeographicshouldshowpicturesoftheexoticandidealizedworldsto

maintainhighsales

D.Anthropologistsaskthenativestoposefortheirpictures,compromisingthetruthfulnessoftheirpictures

4、Wecaninferfromthepassagethatearlytravelerstothenativelandsoften.

A.tookpictureswiththenatives

B.gaveexaggeratedaccountsofthenativelands

C.askforpicturesfromthenatives

D.gavethenativesclocksandWesterndresses

5、TheauthormentionsthemovieLawrenceofArabiato.

A.showhowpeopleinthenativesocietiesareportrayedbyWesterners

B.illustratehowpeoplefromprimiti