1、Verrazano,anItalianabout（whomlittleisknown,定語(yǔ)從句）sailedintoNewYorkHarbourin1524andnameditAngouleme.1524年，一位鮮為人知的意大利人維拉薩諾駕船駛進(jìn)紐約港，并將該港名為安古拉姆。連詞whom指代Italian(意大利人)knowlittleaboutsb./sth.知之甚少sail(v.)揚(yáng)帆起航（n.）帆船name(n.)名字(v.)給…起名（namednamed）2、Hedescribeditas‘a(chǎn)veryagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhills（inthemidstofwhichflowedagreatriver.'定語(yǔ)從句）他對(duì)該港作了這樣的描述：“地理位置十分適宜，位于兩座小山的中間，一條大河從中間流過(guò)”。agreeable(adj.)=pleasant(adj.)令人愉快的belocated位于，處于，座落于（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)主動(dòng)的意思）=besituated=sit/stand/lieeg.他們的學(xué)校位于上海市中心。ThereschoolislocatedinthecenterofShanghai.句中的located是個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞done表被動(dòng)，locatedwithin相當(dāng)于：whichislocatedwithin…3、ThoughVerrazanoisbynomeansconsideredtobeagreatexplorer,hisnamewillprobablyremainimmortal,（foronNovember21st,1964,thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworldwasnamedafterhim.原因狀語(yǔ)從句）雖然維拉薩諾絕對(duì)算不上一個(gè)偉大的探險(xiǎn)家，但他的名字將流芳百世，因?yàn)?964年11月21日建成的一座世界上最長(zhǎng)的吊橋是以他的名字命名。Though雖然（引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）=Althoughbynomeans絕不，根本不（起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用）eg.Thisfilmisn’tnice.Thisfilmisn’tniceatall.Thisfilmisbynomeansnice.remain(系動(dòng)詞)仍然是+adj.（作表語(yǔ)）=stillbeimmortal(adj.)不朽的——mortal(adj.)會(huì)死的介詞詞組intheworld作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞bridgebenamedaftersb.以…的名字命名title(n.)標(biāo)題，題目entitle(v.)給…命名4、TheVerrazanoBridge,（whichwasdesignedbyOthmarAmmann,定語(yǔ)從句）joinsBrooklyntoStatenIsland.Ithasaspanof4,260feet.維拉薩諾大橋由奧斯馬.阿曼設(shè)計(jì)，連結(jié)著布魯克林與斯塔頓島，橋長(zhǎng)4,260英尺。joinAtoB把A連到B上，把A和B連接在一起span(n.)跨度eg.這座橋長(zhǎng)1千米。Thisbridgeis1kilometerlong.Thelengthofthisbridgeis1kilometer.Thebridgehasaspanof1kilometer.5、Thebridgeissolongthattheshapeoftheearthhadtobetakenintoaccountbyitsdesigner.由于橋身太長(zhǎng)，設(shè)計(jì)者不得不考慮了地表的形狀。so…that…如此…以致于…(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)sothat為了，為的是（目的狀語(yǔ)從句）count(v.)數(shù)account(n.)賬戶accountant(n.)會(huì)計(jì)countable(adj.)可數(shù)的uncountable(adj.)不可數(shù)的takesth.intoaccount把…考慮進(jìn)去=takesth.intoconsiderationTakingintoaccountthat…+句子（引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句）eg.考慮到他明天可能不來(lái)，我們決定取消這個(gè)會(huì)議。Takingintoaccountthathemaynotetomorrow,wedecidetocancelthismeeting.6、Twogreattowerssupportfourhugecables.兩座巨塔支撐著4根粗大的鋼纜。7、Thetowersarebuiltonimmenseunderwaterplatformsmadeofsteelandconcrete.塔身建在巨大的水下鋼盤混凝土平臺(tái)上。arebuilt被建造（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）immense=huge=enormous=extremelylargeimmensefishimmensedifficulty/possibility/courage非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞made作定語(yǔ)，表被動(dòng)，修飾platforms，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句：whichismadeof….bemadeof由…制成（看得見原材料）bemadefrom由…制成（看不見原材料）8、Theplatformsextendtoadepthofover100feetunderthesea.平臺(tái)深入海底100英尺。extendto延伸至，通向=extendasfaraseg.這條路通向超市停車場(chǎng)。Thisroadextendstothecarparkofthesupermarket.depth(n.)深度deep(adj.)深的adepthof深達(dá)eg.這棟樓高達(dá)100米。Thisbuildingis100metershigh.Theheightofthisbuildingis100meters.Thisbuildingextendstoaheightof100meters.over100feet=morethan100feet多于、超過(guò)…anextendedfamily一個(gè)大家庭9、Thesealonetooksixteenmonthstobuild.僅這兩座塔就花了16個(gè)月才建成。alone(adv.)單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)個(gè)的（修飾動(dòng)詞took）10、Abovethesurfaceofthewater,thetowersrisetoaheightofnearly700feet.塔身高出水面將近700英尺。rise(vi.)上升risetoaheightof…=extendtoaheightof…nearly(adv.)=almost幾乎，將近11、Theysupportthecables(fromwhichthebridgehasbeensuspended.定語(yǔ)從句)Eachofthefourcablescontains26,108lengthsofwire.高塔支撐著鋼纜，而鋼纜又懸吊著大橋，4根鋼纜中的每根由26，108股鋼繩組成。suspend(v.)懸掛在（一律用被動(dòng)）AbesuspendedfromBA懸掛在B上eg.一盞燈懸掛在天花板上。Alightissuspendedfromtheceiling.sb.besuspendedfrom(school/work)停課，停工12、Ithasbeenestimated（thatifthebridgewerepackedwithcars,itwouldstillonlybecarryingathirdofitstotalcapacity.主語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句）據(jù)估計(jì)，若橋上擺滿了汽車，也只不過(guò)是橋的總承載力的1/3。Itissaidthat…據(jù)說(shuō)（主語(yǔ)從句）=Sb.issaidtobe/doIthasbeenestimatedthat…據(jù)推測(cè)（主語(yǔ)從句）=Thebridgehasbeenestimatedtobepackedwithcars…if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句：非真實(shí)條件句（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）：從句did/were,主句woulddocapacity(n.)最大容量eg.這個(gè)書架最多能放500本書。Theshelfhasacapacityof500books.這個(gè)瓶子最多能裝1升水。Thebottlehasacapacityof1literwater.這間教室最多能坐50個(gè)學(xué)生。Thisclassroomhasaseatingcapacityof50students.13、However,sizeandstrengtharenottheonlyimportantthingsaboutthisbridge.然而，這座橋重要特點(diǎn)不僅是它的規(guī)模與強(qiáng)度。14、Despiteitsimmensity,itisbothsimpleandelegant,fulfillingitsdesigner'sdreamtocreate‘a(chǎn)nenormousobjectdrawnasfaintlyaspossible'.盡管此橋很大，但它的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，造型優(yōu)美，實(shí)現(xiàn)了設(shè)計(jì)者企圖創(chuàng)造一個(gè)“盡量用細(xì)線條勾畫出一個(gè)龐然大物”的夢(mèng)想。Despiteitsimmensity=Inspiteofitsimmensity=Although/thoughitisimmensefulfil(v.)滿足=satisfy非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)：（改寫）Wewillattendameetingwhichisgoingtostartat7.改：Wewillattendameetingtostartat7.I’mlookingattheboywhoisreadingabook.改：I’mlookingattheboyreadingabook.I’mreadingabookwhichwaswrittenbyMarktwin.改：I’mreadingabookwrittenbyMarktwin.Supplementaryexercises:Peter’sdrivinglicensewasbecausehewascaughtdrunkdriving.stoppedB.pulledC.canceledD.suspended解析：正確答案Ddrunkdriving酗酒開車停止；B.拉，拖；C.