絕密★啟用前

人教（2019）版高中英語選擇性必修第一冊

Unit1Peopleofachievement

單元質(zhì)量檢測試題

時(shí)間：120分鐘分值：150

第一部分：聽力測試（共兩節(jié),20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在

試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀

一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是Co

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?

A.Learningaline.B.Shootingafilm.C.Buyingacamera.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］W:Cut.Startfromthetop!Leo,please,let,strythatlineagainwithmoreenthusiasm.

M:I,mtrying.It,sgettinglate,andwe,vebeenshootingthissceneforhours.

W:Yourcharacterisfallinginlove.Showussomeemotion!Cameramen,getreadytoshoot!

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

WhydidthemangotoBeijinglastweekend?

A.Tomeethisfriend.B.Todoshopping.C.Tohavelunch.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］M:Lastweekend1tookthetraintoBeijingtomeetmyfriendandheinvitedmetohavelunch.Howabout

you?

W:?wenttheretoo.Ijustwentwindowshoppingwithmyfriends,but?didn,tbuyanything.I,ιτιtιyingtosave

money.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Hehasbeenoutofwork.B.Hedislikeshispresentjob.C.Herefusedthejoboffer.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Howarethings?

M:Notthatgreat.I,mlookingforanewjobactually.

W:Really?That,sashame.

M:Iknow.Ireallylikedthatjob.

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatdoesthemanhavetodonow?

A.Finishcheckinghisreference.B.Completetheresearch.C.Putthematerialinorder.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Howareyougettingalongwithyourresearchpaper?

M:I'vefinishedallmyresearch,but?haven,tbeenabletoorganizeit,soIhaven,tbegunthepaperyet.

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whydidn,tMarysleepwell?

A.Shehadaheadache.

B.Shehadastomachache.

C.Shewastroubledbythenoise.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:What,sthematterwithyou,Mary?Youlooktired.

W:Ididn,tsleepwelllastnight.

M:Astomachacheoraheadache?

W:Neither.Itwasthenoisealmostdrovememad.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的

作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

6.Howwillthemantravelwithhisfriendsthiswintervacation?

A.Bymotorcycle.B.Bybicycle.C.Bytricycle.

7.Whatdotheycollectmoneyfor?

A.TheEducationProject.B.Thewildlife.C.Thedisabledpeople.

【答案】6.A7.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Whatareyouplanningtodowithyourfriendsthiswintervacation?

M:Weareplanningtotravel.

W:Whereareyoutraveling?

M:ToSanFrancisco,LosAngeles,NewYorkandBoston.

W:Howareyougoing?

M:Bymotorcycle.

W:Bymotorcycle?Howlongwillittake?

M:Threeweeks.

W:Whyareyoumakingthistrip?

M:We,retryingtocollectmoneyforthewildlifeproject.

W:Whatwillthemoneybeusedfor?

M:Forrescuingwilddeer.They,redisappearing.

W:Thatsoundslikeagreatidea.Goodluckwithyourtrip.

M:Thankyou.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

8.Whatisthewoman'sfavoritesubject?

A.Art.B.Spanish.C.History.

9.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobe?

A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Ajoumalist.

10.Whatisthewomanplanningtodostraightafterleavingschool?

A.Workasajournalist.B.Gotravelling.C.Startuniversity.

【答案】8.B9.C10.B

【解析】

【原文】M:So,nextyearyou'regoingtostartyourAlevels.Whichsubjectareyougoingtochoose?

W:I,msurelygoingtochooseSpanishbecauseitismyfavoritesubjectandthenΓmnotreallysure...I,dliketodoart

butIdon,tknowifit'sveryusefulformycareer.

M:Whatdoyouwanttodo?

W:Ajournalist.Thathasbeenmydreamsincemychildhood.So,Iguesshistoryorpsychologyorsomethingis

probablymoreusefulformycareer.

M:Doyouwanttogotouniversity?

W:Yeah,butΓmnotgoingtostartuniversitystraightafterIleaveschool.I,mplanningtohaveagapyear,youknow,

abreakfromstudyingforawhile,

M:Andwhatwouldyouliketodoinyourgapyear?

W:Iwanttotravel...I,dliketogotoItalyandlearnItalian.Idon'tknowifit,sreallypracticalbutthat,smydream.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

11.Whafstherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Schoolmates.B.Workmates.C.Teacherandstudent.

12.WhydidJeaniecomehereearlier?

A.Tomeetherfriend.B.Tomakeagoodimpression.C.Toreviewforthetest.

13.What,sJack,sattitudetowardthetest?

A.Heworriesaboutit.B.Heisconfident.C.HehastogetanA.

【答案】ILA12.C13.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Hi,Jeanie.Whyhaveyoucometoschoolanhourearly?

W:Iwantedtogetafrontrowseatandreviewonemoretimebeforethetest.Whyareyouheresoearly,Jack?

M:Iarriveherethistimeeveryday.Youseemtobenervousaboutyourlessons.Haveyoufinishedyourreview?

W:I,veonlybeenstudyingnightanddayforthelastweek.IfIdon,tgetanAinthisclass,Iwon,tgetthesupportof

mycountry.Whydoyouseemsocalm?

M:Thisclassisreallyjustareviewforme.Γvebeenlearningitfortwoyears.

W:Thafsluckyforyou.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

14.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheknewnothingabouttheband.B.Shewantstojointheband,too.

C.Shewasamemberoftheband.

15.Howoldwasthemanwhenhestartedtoplaybaseguitar?

A.15.B.16.C.21.

16.Wheredoesthemanusuallyplaymusic?

A.Inthecitytheatres.B.Inthetownsquare.C.Inlocalclubs.

17.Whydoesthemanjointheband?

A.Tomakemoney.B.Tohavefun.C.Tomeetstars.

【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Iheardyouhavejoinedaband?

M:Yeah.

W:Couldyoutellmesomethingabouttheband?

M:Well,it,scalledSwedishBubblegumPunkBand.

W:Oh?I,veneverheardofitbefore.Whatexactlyisthat?

M:Idon,tknow,butpeoplealwayscallitlikethis.

W:OK,soundsinteresting.Whatdoyouplayinyourband?

M:Baseguitar.

W:Howlonghaveyoubeenplayingit?

M:Well,whenIwas15,1beganplayingtheviolinandoneyearlater,IIeamttoplaybaseguitar.Ifounditso

appealing.I,veplayeditforfiveyears.

W:Γmsureyouwillbeagreatrockstar.Arethereanyotherinstrumentsyoucanplay?

M:Ofcourse,erhu,aChinesemusicalinstrument.

W:Wow,sonice!Doyoutourordoyoujustplaywhereyoulive?

M:Well,mostoftime,Weplayinlocalclubs,sometimesonthecitysquareandsometimesinthelocaltheatres.

W:What,sthebestthingaboutbeingamusicianintheband?

M:Well,thoughIcangetpaidsometimesandoftenmeetfamousstars,Idoitjustforfunandrelaxation.Afterall,

playingmusicismyhobby,notmyfull-timejob.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

18.Whencantheman,sfriendbegintotakeclassesifhebookshisplacenow?

A.InAugust.B.InSeptember.C.InDecember.

19.Whatkindofclassesmaytheman,sfriendprefer?

A.Two-hourgrammarones.

B.Eighty-minutegrammarones.

C.Fifty-minutespeakingones.

20.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemanshoulddointheend?

A.Askhisfriendtobookhisplace.

B.Payfortheclassesrightnow.

C.Meettheteachersoon.

【答案】18.B19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】W:WestwoodEnglishSchool.

M:Hello,?wanttoaskabouteveningclasses,please.

W:Yes.ButthistermwillfinishattheendofAugust.We,llstartagainonthe22ndofSeptember,andendin

December.Butyoucanbookyourplacenow.M:IfsforaChinesefriend.Hewantsaneasyclass.

W:Well,there,satwo-hourgrammarclassforbeginners.

M:Mm.Myfriendwouldlikesomethingshorter.

W:Well,Wehaveafifty-minutespeakingclass.Thatwouldbegoodforhim.TheteacherisMissJarvis.Thestudents

alllikeher.M:Howmuchdoesthatclasscost?

W:It,s￡7.50perclassorifyoupayforalltwelveclassesnow,it,sonly￡80—it,scheaperthatway.

M:Right.

W:Canyourfriendcometotheschoolsoonandbookhisplace?Theaddressis223,FitzroySquare.

M:OK.Thankyou.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分5（）分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Whenitcomestothegreatestinventionsoftheworld,China,snameissuretobementionedseveraltimes.There

arehundredsofthingswhichwereinventedbytheChinese.

Alcohol

Shocked?IwasbecausewhentheysaidalcoholIthoughtabouteithertheUSortheUK.Chinahadnever

crossedmymind.InChina,alcoholwasmadebytwolegendarypersonsnamedYiDiandDuKangwhobelongedto

theXiaDynasty.Thisperiodwasabout2000BC-1600BC.ResearchsaysthatinancientChina,beerwith4%

alcoholiccontentwaswidelyconsumedbypeople.

Tea

ChinaistheproudinventorofteawhichwasfirstdrunkbyShenNong,aChineseemperoraround2737BC.Tea

productionwasrapidlydeveloped,makingteaapopulardrinkduringtheTangandSongDynasties.

TheMechanicalClock

HaveyoueverwonderedwhatonearthWewouldbedoingwithoutanyideaoftime?Aclockreallyisan

inventionwithoutwhichthingswereincomplete.Thecreditofmakingthefirstmechanicalclockgoestoancient

China.ThefirstmechanicalclockwasinventedbyYiXingintheTangDynasty.Thiswasduring618and907.

SilkFabric

Silk,thefavoritefabricofmanygirlsoutthere,isalsoaChineseinvention.Althoughweallknowthatsilkis

madebysilkworms,itwasChinesepeoplewhofirstinventedawaytoharvestthesilkandthenuseittomakeclothes.

TheoldestsilkwhichhasbeenfoundsofarisinHenanProvinceanddatesbackto3630BC.

21.WecanIeamfromParagraph2that.

A.peopleintheUSlikealcohol

B.beerwaspopularintheXiaDynasty

C.YiDiandDuKanginventedalcoholbyaccident

D.theauthordidn,tknowalcoholisaChineseinvention

22.TheauthorasksthequestioninParagraph4toshow.

A.ancientChineseinventorswerewiser

B.manythingsinourlivesareincomplete

C.ancientChinesepeopleneverwastedtime

D.theinventionofthemechanicalclockisimportant

23.Whichofthefollowinginventionhasalongerhistory?

A.Tea.B.Alcohol.

C.Silkfabric.D.Themechanicalclock.

【答案】21.D22.D23.C

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了四種中國的發(fā)明：酒、茶、機(jī)械鐘以及絲綢的情況。

21題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Shocked?IwasbecausewhentheysaidalcoholIthoughtabouteithertheUSor

theUK.（震驚嗎?因?yàn)楫?dāng)他們說到酒的時(shí)候，我想到的不是美國就是英國。）可推測，作者并不知道酒是一

項(xiàng)中國發(fā)明。故選D。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句Aclockreallyisaninventionwithoutwhichthingswereincomplete.（時(shí)鐘確實(shí)

是一項(xiàng)沒有它一切都會(huì)不完整的發(fā)明。）可知，第四段第一句提出的問題是為了說明機(jī)械鐘發(fā)明的重要性。

故選D。

【23題詳解】

推理判斷題。分析四項(xiàng)發(fā)明可知：酒大約是公元前2000年到公元前1600年發(fā)明的；茶葉大約在公元前2737

年；機(jī)械鐘表是在618年和907年；絲綢產(chǎn)于河南省，可追溯到公元前3630年。綜上可知，絲綢的歷史更

久遠(yuǎn)，故選C。

B

Itwasadarknight.Thick,dark,graycloudshadmadesurethattherewasnostarlightormoonlighttogreetme

asIwalkedoutonmyporch.Still,IkepttheporchlightoffbecauseIdidn,twanttobesurroundedbybugsandmoths

（飛蛾）onthisstickysummerevening.Istoodthereforawhilelettingmyeyesadjusttothelack,oflight.Mydog

stoodbesidemewaitingpatientlyformetostartherwalk.Itwasthen,though,thatIsawthem.Firstoneblinkoflight

atthefarendofthemeadowwasfollowedbyanotherandthenanother.Ismiled.Irecognizedthematonceasmy

fireflyfriends,whoalwaysshowedupthistimeoftheyear.

Igotsomuchjoywatchingthemfirstasachildandthenasanadult.Theyneverbecamedullorboringandthey

alwaysfilledmewithdelight.WhenIwaslittleIusedtositinthegrassandwatchthemslowlyflyaroundblinkingon

andoff.InevercaughtandputoneinajarassomekidsdidbecauseIwasafraidImightkillitandIneverwantedto

hurtthesemessengers（信彳吏）oflight.Theirtimeonthisearthwassobriefasitwas.1triedtoenjoythemeachnight

theywerehere,?talwayssaddenedmewhentheydisappearedinthefallanditalwaysmademyheartsingwhenthey

reappearedthenextsummer.

IthinkIenjoytheselittlefirefliessomuchbecauseIcanseethatWeareliketheminalotofways.Ourtimehere

onearthisbrief.Oftenourlightandlovearemorelikeonandoffblinksratherthanasteadyshine.Let,sshareour

lightandlovewhileweareherethen.

24.Whydidtheauthorturnoffhisporchlight?

A.Towalkhisdog.B.Toadapttosurroundings.

C.Toavoidsomeinsects.D.Togreetspecialfriends.

25.WhatcanWeknowaboutfireflies?

A.Theyalwayssaddenedtheauthor.B.Mostkidscaughtandkilledthem.

C.Theauthorwatchedthemeverynight.D.Theyusuallybrightenedtheauthor.

26.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoconveythroughthestory?

A.Valueourshortlifeintheworld.

B.Protectfirefliesaswellaspossible.

C.Devoteourselvesasmuchaspossible.

D.Shareasmanyinspiringstoriesaspossible.

27.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Human,sBestFriendsB.MessengersofLight

C.ASpecialSummerNightD.Fireflies—ShinningForever

【答案】24.C25.D26.C27.B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者在黑暗的夏夜中行走，又遇到熟悉的螢火蟲朋友。作者喜歡螢火蟲在夏

夜給人們帶來了亮光，它們雖然在世間的時(shí)間短暫，但是卻給人們帶來了寶貴的亮光。

【24題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Still,IkepttheporchlightoffbecauseIdidn'twanttobesurroundedbybugsand

moths（飛蛾）onthisstiCkySUmmereVening.（盡管如止匕，我還是把門廊的燈關(guān)了，因?yàn)槲也幌朐谶@個(gè)悶熱的夏

夜被蟲子和飛蛾包圍）“可知，作者關(guān)掉門廳燈是因?yàn)椴幌胧艿叫∠x子和飛蛾的圍繞擾。故選C。

【25題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Igotsomuchjoywatchingthemfirstasachildandthenasanadult.Theynever

becamedullorboringandtheyalwaysfilledmewithdelight.（當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子，然后是成年人的時(shí)候，我看到

了很多樂趣。它們從未變得沉悶或乏味，它們總是讓我充滿喜悅）”可知，作者很喜歡觀察它們，它們總是給

作者帶來歡樂。故選D。

【26題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后-一段內(nèi)容，特別是"Let'sshareourlightandlovewhileweareherethen.（讓我們在

這里分享我們的光和愛）“可知，作者寫本篇文章的目的就是建議我們要和螢火蟲一樣，雖然是短暫地發(fā)出亮

光，但是我們也要在有限的時(shí)間里盡量分享出我們的光和愛。故選C。

【27題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，作者喜歡螢火蟲在夏夜給人們帶來了亮光，它們雖然在世間的時(shí)間短暫，但

是卻給人們帶來了寶貴的亮光，為光之使者。故B項(xiàng)標(biāo)題“MessengersofLight（光的信使）”最能體現(xiàn)出文章作

者的用意和螢火蟲的特點(diǎn)。故選B。

C

ThefirsttypewriterswerebigheavymetalmachinesthatworkedabitlikeapianoHaveyoueverseenthe

insideofarealpiano?Youpressakeyandsomelevers（杠桿）makeasmalltoolinsidehitjusttherightpianostring

tomakeanote.Earlytypewritersweresimilar.Theyhadalltheseleverswithametalletterattheendofeachof

them.Youhadtopressaletterkeyquitehardtomakethemetalleverflyacrossandhitthepaper.

Thefirstmachinedidhavetheletterkeysintheorderoftheletterswelearn.Butthetroublewasthatifyouhit

twokeysquicklytheleverswouldjam（卡?。?Jamsweremostlikelywhenthetwokeyswereclosetogetheronthe

keyboard.

ChristopherSholes,anAmericaninventor,succeededindealingwiththeproblem.Hetriedmanywaystoavoid

theneedtotypetwokeysthatwereclosetogether.ThebestwayhecouldfindwassimilartotheQWERTYkeyboard

Weallusetoday.

Sholesalsomadethenameofhismachineeasytotype.Heplacedonthesamelineallthelettersofthe

words,,typenand''writer".HesoldhisinventiontotheRemingtonCompanywhichbuiltandsoldthefirstsuccessful

typewriters.Later,manyotherkindsoftheletterkeyshavebeentried.Somearesaidtobeeasiertolearnorfasterto

use.ButnonehasprovedgoodenoughtobeatQWERTY.

QWERTYwasdevelopedfortheEnglishlanguage.Thekeyboardslightlydiffersaroundtheworld.Forexample

AZERTYiscommonlyusedforFrench,QWERTZforGerman,andQZERTYforItalian.Perhapsyoucanfind

someonefromIndia,JapanorKorea.Askthemtoshowyouthekeyboardtheyuseintheirlanguage.

28.Whatistheauthor,spurposeinwritingthefirstparagraph?

A.Toexplainthedifferencebetweenthetypewriterandthepiano.

B.Toshowhowthepianoinfluencedthetypewriter.

C.Totellwhythetypewriterwasinvented.

D.Toexplainhowtheearlytypewriterworked.

29.WhydidChristopherSholeschangetheorderofthelettersonthekeyboard?

A.Tomakepeopletypequickly.

B.Tosolvethejamproblem.

C.Tohelppeoplerememberiteasily.

D.Toputfrequentlyusedletterstogether.

30.WhatdoweknowabouttheQWERTYkeyboardfromParagraph4?

A.Itwasdoubtedatfirst.

B.Itstillneedstobeimproved.

C.It,sbetterthanotherkeyboards.

D.ItmadetheRemingtonCompanysuccessful.

31Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Thekeyboardischangingovertime.

B.TheworduQWERTY,,isoutofdate.

C.TheQWERTYkeyboardisverypopular.

D.Thekeyboardchangeswithsomelanguages.

【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.D

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了打字機(jī)鍵盤的發(fā)展歷程。打字機(jī)鍵盤隨著某些語言的變化而變化著。

【28題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thefirsttypewriterswerebigheavymetalmachinesthatworkedabitlikeapiano.Have

youeverseentheinsideofarealpiano?Youpressakeyandsomelevers（杠桿）makeasmalltoolinsidehitjustthe

rightpianostringtomakeanote.Earlytypewritersweresimilar.,,（第一代打字機(jī)是大型的重金屬機(jī)器，工作起

來有點(diǎn)像鋼琴。你見過真正鋼琴的內(nèi)部嗎?你按下一個(gè)鍵，里面的杠桿，正好敲擊鋼琴的琴弦來產(chǎn)生音符。

早期的打字機(jī)也是類似的工作原理。）由此判斷出，作者寫第一段的目的解釋早期打字機(jī)的工作原理。故選

D項(xiàng)。

【29題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段”.ButthetroublewasthatifyouhittwokeysquicklytheleversWoUldjam（卡?。?Jams

weremostlikelywhenthetwokeyswereclosetogetheronthekeyboard."（但問題是，如果你快速按兩個(gè)鍵，杠

桿就會(huì)卡住。當(dāng)鍵盤上的兩個(gè)鍵靠得很近時(shí)，最有可能出現(xiàn)卡殼。）根據(jù)第三段“ChristopherSholes,anAmerican

inventor,succeededindealingwiththeproblem.”ChristopherSholes,（一個(gè)美國發(fā)明家，成功地解決了這個(gè)問

題。）由此可知，為什么克里斯托弗?肖爾斯改變了鍵盤上字母的順序是為了解決堵塞問題。故選B項(xiàng)。

【30題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Later,manyotherkindsoftheletterkeyshavebeentried.Somearesaidtobeeasierto

learnorfastertouse.ButnonehasprovedgoodenoughtobeatQWERTY.”（后來，人們嘗試了許多其他種類的字

母鍵盤。有些據(jù)說更容易學(xué)習(xí)或使用更快。但是，沒有一個(gè)被證明足以打敗QWERTY鍵盤。）由此可知，

QWERTY鍵盤好于其它鍵盤。故選C項(xiàng)。

【31題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“QWERTYwasdevelopedfortheEnglishlanguage.Thekeyboardslightlydiffers

aroundtheworld.ForexampleAZERTYiscommonlyusedforFrench,QWERTZforGerman,andQZERTYfor

Italian.PerhapsyoucanfindsomeonefromIndia,JapanorKorea.Askthemtoshowyouthekeyboardtheyusein

theirlanguage.^^（QWERTY是為英語開發(fā)的。世界各地的鍵盤略有不同。例如，AZERTY通常用于法語，

QWERTZ是德語，QZERTY是意大利語。也許你能找到來自印度、日本或韓國的人。讓他們向你展示他們

語言中使用的鍵盤。）由此可知。最后一段主要講鍵盤隨著某些語言的變化而變化。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

Scientistsoftencomparecoralreefs（珊瑚礁）tounderwaterrainforests,yetunliketheleafyplantbaseofaforest,

coralsareanimals.Thesoftcreaturesarenaturallyhalf-transparentandgettheirbrilliantcolorfromalgae（藻類）

livinginsidethem.Whencoralsexperiencestressfromhottemperaturesorpollution,theyhalttheinterdependent

relationshipwithalgae,typicallypushingthemoutandturningwhite.Coralsarestillalivewhentheyarewhite,but

they,reatriskandmanyeventuallydie,turningdarkbrown.

Scientistsaroundtheworldarelookingformeanstoprotectandmaybeincreasecorals.Onecommonoptionis

tocreatemoreprotectedareas—essentiallynationalparksintheocean.Beyondnaturepreserves,some

conservationistsarelookingformorehands-onmethods.OneresearchcenterintheFloridaKeysisexploringaform

ofnaturalselectiontokeepcoralsremaining.ThereefsystemintheKeyshasbeenhithardbyclimatechangeand

pollution,whichisespeciallytough,becausecoralstherehelpsupportfisheriesworth$100millioneveryyear.

Tokeepthewildecosystemalive,ErinnMuller,thecenter,sdirector,andherteamareharvestingsamplesofthe

coralsthatsurvivedtheenvironmentalstressnaturally,keepingthemtomakethemreproduce,andthenreattaching

themtothereef.Theyhave46,000coralsonplasticframesunderthesea.Sofar,thecenterhasregrownover70,000

coralsfromfivedifferentspeciesondamagedreefs.

IntheBahamas,RossCunning,aresearchbiologistatChicago,sSheddAquarium,focusesoncoralswithgenes

thatcouldmakethemnaturalcandidatesforrestorationprojects.HepublishedastudyoftwoBahamianreefs,one

thatsurvivedanextreme2015heatwave,andonethatdidn't.??Wethinktheirabilitytodealwiththesehigher

temperaturesisbuiltintotheirgenes,“saysCunning.There,sevidenceofcoralsevolvingmorequicklytoresist

rapidlywarmingclimate.Thebigquestionscientistsneedtoinvestigate,addsGunning,ishowmuchmoreheat

coralscanadaptto.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"halt”inthefirstparagraphmean?

A.Weaken.B.Develop.C.Strengthen.D.End.

33.WhatdoMullerandherteamdotosavecorals?

A.Restorethedamagedreefs.B.Growcoralsunderwater.

C.Createmoreprotectedareas.D.Movecoralstounpollutedareas.

34.WhatdoCunning,swordssuggest?

A.Manycoralshavebeengeneticallyimproved.

B.Coolingdownthewatersisthekeytorescuingcorals.

C.Thehighesttemperaturecoralscansurviveisunclear.

D.Reasonsforcoralssurvivingheatwavesneedinvestigation.

35.Whichisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theeffortsmadetosavecorals.

B.Theimpactofclimatewarmingoncorals.

C.Thesurvivalcrisisfacedbycoralreefs.

D.Therelationshipbetweencoralsandalgae.

【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是說明文，介紹了科學(xué)家們?yōu)楸Ｗo(hù)珊瑚而做出的努力。

【32題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Thesoftcreaturesarenaturallyhalf-transparentandgettheirbrilliantcolorfromalgae

（藻類）livinginsidethem.（這種柔軟的生物天生是半透明的，它們鮮艷的顏色來自于體內(nèi)的藻類。）”可知，

珊瑚的顏色來自藻類，當(dāng)珊瑚受到高溫或污染的壓力時(shí)，它們會(huì)停止與藻類的相互依賴關(guān)系，通常會(huì)將它

們趕出體內(nèi)，然后變成白色，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“結(jié)束、停止”，故選D項(xiàng)。

【33題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Tokeepthewildecosystemalive,ErinnMuller,thecenter,sdirector,andherteamare

harvestingsamplesofthecoralsthatsurvivedtheenvironmentalstressnaturally,keepingthemtomakethem

reproduce,andthenreattachingthemtothereef.Theyhave46,000coralsonplasticframesunderthesea.Sofar,the

centerhasregrownover70,000coralsfromfivedifferentspeciesondamagedreefs.（為了保持野生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的活

力，該中心主任ErinnMUner和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)正在收集那些在環(huán)境壓力下自然存活下來的珊瑚樣本，讓它們繁殖,

然后將它們重新附著在珊瑚礁上。他們在海底的塑料框架上有46000個(gè)珊瑚。到目前為止，該中心已經(jīng)在

受損的珊瑚礁上重新生長了超過7萬個(gè)不同種類的珊瑚廠可知，為了保護(hù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和珊瑚，ErinnMUner和

她的團(tuán)隊(duì)在海底的塑料框架上種珊瑚。故選B項(xiàng)。

【34題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“There'sevidenceofcoralsevolvingmorequicklytoresistrapidlywarmingclimate.The

bigquestionscientistsneedtoinvestigate,addsGunning,ishowmuchmoreheatcoralscanadaptto.（有證據(jù)表明，

珊瑚進(jìn)化得更快，以抵御氣候迅速變暖。GUnning補(bǔ)充說，科學(xué)家需要調(diào)查的一個(gè)大問題是珊瑚還能適應(yīng)多

高的溫度廣可知，科學(xué)家對珊瑚能存活的最高溫度尚不清楚。故選C項(xiàng)。

【35題詳解】

主旨大意題O根據(jù)第二段“Scientistsaroundtheworldarelookingformeanstoprotectandmaybeincreasecorals.

（世界各地的科學(xué)家都在尋找保護(hù)甚至增加珊瑚的方法）”和例舉各地科學(xué)家的具體做法可知，本文主要介紹

為保護(hù)珊瑚做出的努力。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩

項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

AsWeknow,mentalhealthisinaworsesituationamongyoungpeopleglobally.36Thisnotonlylowers

qualityoflife,buthasanegativeimpactonateenager,sgrowth.Togetattherootcausesofthisdecline,agroupof

scientistsconductedastudyandfoundthecombinationofhighscreentimeandlow??greentime,,greatlyaffects

mentalwell-being.Childrennowadaysspendmoretimethaneverinfrontofelectronicdevices.

Theaveragedailyscreentimefor8-to-18-year-oldswas7.5hoursintheU.S.tenyearsago.Asthestudystates,

“Thisgreatlygoesaboveguidelinesof2hoursperday."Nowtheconditionisworsebythefactthatsomanyschools

areusingtechnologytoteachclasses.Indeedsomescreentimecanpromoteconnectionsandenabletaskstobedone

moreefficiently.37Inadditiontotroublingnervestimulation,toomuchscreentimetakestheplaceof

importantprotectivebehaviorsformentalhealthsuchasphysicalactivity,gettingadequatesleepandacademic

activities.

Thestudyauthorssuggestthatgreentimecouldactasacureforscreentime,essentiallybalancingitsnegative

effects.38Theattentionsystemscanberestoredinnaturalenvironmentwhentheyarewornout,becausethey

employinvoluntaryattentionthere,whichisnottiringoreffortful.

39Thegreatnaturecouldpotentiallyfunctionasapsychologicalwell-beingpromotionintervention（干

預(yù)）forchildrenandteenagersinahigh-techera.Thisknowledgecouldbeaguidetopublichealthdepartmentsthat

arestrugglingtorestorehappinessandcheerincountlessanxiousteenagers.40

A.Teenagersurgentlyneedmoregreentime.

B.Screen-basedtechnologymakeskidslessattentive.

C.Thefrequencyofdepressionandanxietyisincreasing.

D.Therearemanymoreways,nevertheless,inwhichitisharmful.

E.Itsuggestsmoreoutdoorprojectslikebuildingparkscouldbefundamental.

EPayingconstantdirectedattentiontoscreenscanraisedirectedattentiontiredness.

G.Thisstudyhighlightsthatnaturemaycurrentlybeapotentialpublichealthresource.

【答案】36.C37.D38.F39.G40.E

【解析】

【分析】本文為一篇說明文。由于電子設(shè)備的高頻使用，全球年輕人精神方面的問題出現(xiàn)了大幅度的增加。

一項(xiàng)研究表明，通過親近大自然獲得綠色時(shí)間能夠有效幫助青少年重塑心理健康。

【36題詳解】

空處前一句表示全球年輕人的精神健康處于一種更差的情形中，結(jié)合后一句"This