課時作業(yè)2EnglisharoundtheworldⅠ.閱讀理解AAccordingtorecentreports,perfectionismisontherise,especiallyamongyoungpeople.Thisisaverybadthing—perfectionismislinkedtoanxiety,depressionandmanyotherproblems—buttheluckythingisthatwe'renolongertalkingasifitweresomethingtobeproudof.Intoday'swinner-takes-alleconomy,perfectionismisanentirelyforgivablesuffering.Butitisasuffering,becauseperfectionismisthebeliefthatanythingshortoftheverybestisashamefulfailure.Itmakespeoplebeamiserable(痛苦的)highachiever,orworse:somestudiessuggestit'sactuallyabarriertohighachievement.Onemonresponsetoperfectionismistoencouragethesufferertoseethathisfearsareexaggerated(夸大的),andthatthingswon'treallybesobadifhefailstheexam,getscriticizedforhisworkperformanceorletsthehousegetmessy.Perfectionismmeansalifespentunhappilyleaning(傾斜)intothefuture,becausenomatterhowwellyouperformonanygivenchallenge,there'salwaysthenextonetostressyouout.Soitmakessensetohelppeopleseewhenthatnextchallengearrives,animperfectperformancewouldn'tmeancatastrophe.Yes,ithelpsyouworrylessaboutwhat'llhappenifyoufailtomeetyourtoohighstandardsnextweek,ornextyear.Theproblem,though,isthatthisisstillafuture-orientedway,asitallowstheperfectionist'smindtokeepsecretlyhopingthatwhenthatmomentarrives,you'lldoperfectlyafterall.Therefore,abetterwayistoletyourealizethatit'snotthatyourattemptstoliveperfectlymightfail,butthattheyhavefailed:perfectionisalreadyalostcause.Fromchildhooduntiltoday,you'vebeenfailingtolearncountlessskills,developcountlessfriendships,andachievecountlessgoals,onlybecauseattentionislimited.Focusingonanythingmeansnotfocusingonalmosteverything.Lifenaturallycontainssometypesoffailure,whichmakesitstrangetocallita“failure”atall.Ifeveryoneissuretomissthetarget,clearlythetroubleiswiththetarget.本文是一篇議論文。作者認為完美主義是有害的，并給了幾條克服完美主義的方法和建議。1．WhatcanweknowaboutperfectionismfromParagraph1?A．Itcangivepeopleagreatsenseofachievement.B．It'saresultofthewinner-takes-alleconomy.C．It'sanecessaryqualityofsuccessfulpeople.D．Itcanbeharmfultopeople'smentalhealth.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的Thisisaverybadthing—perfectionismislinkedtoanxiety,depressionandmanyotherproblems可推知，完美主義對人的心理健康有害。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．Realizingbeingimperfectisnothingserious.B．Regardingperfectionismashamefulfailure.C．Leaningintothefutureifyoufailthistime.D．Performingwellonanygivenchallenge.答案：A解析：指代對象題。根據(jù)第二段的Soitmakessensetohelppeopleseewhenthatnextchallengearrives,animperfectperformancewouldn'tmeancatastrophe.并結(jié)合劃線詞的前后文可知，這里的it指代第二段提到的建議，即讓完美主義者意識到即使不完美也沒什么大不了的。3．Accordingtotheauthor,abettersolutiontoperfectionismistorealizethat________.A．we'dbetternotsettoohightargetsB．it'swrongtotrytogoafterperfectionC．it'salreadytoolatetolearncountlessskillsD．ourattentionshouldnotbeeasilydrawnaway答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的abetterwayistoletyourealizethatit'snotthatyourattemptstoliveperfectlymightfail,butthattheyhavefailed:perfectionisalreadyalostcause.可知，更好一點的方法是讓完美主義者意識到追求完美本身就是錯誤的。4．What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthetext?A．Totellushowtodealwithfailures.B．Togivesuggestionsonperfectionism.C．Toanalyzethesufferingofperfectionists.D．Toexplaindifferentattitudestoperfectionism.答案：B解析：寫作意圖題。綜合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者介紹了完美主義的危害，并給出了克服完美主義的方法，故可知答案。BJuliePlumleyknowsfirst-handhowopenspaceandbeingaroundanimalscanhelpsomeone'ssenseofwell-being.Havinggrownuponafarm,sheknowsexactlyhowitoffereditsownkindoftreatment.Plumley,alongwithherhusbandandherson,nowrunsRyelandsFarminDorset,aworkingfarmon30acresoflandwitharangeoflivestock(animals)usedforanimal-assistedtreatment.“Weworkwithyoungpeoplewhoarechallengedthemostinlife，”shesays.“Nearlyallofthemareexcludedfromschoolorlearningcenters,incareorontheedgeofcare.”Sheworkswitharound20schoolsacrossDorsetandSomerset.“Manyofthesechildrenturntousbecausetheywanttoseetheanimals.Oncetheygethere,theyfeelsafeandfree.”Mosteonceaweekforaroundfourhours,butthefarmalsorunsfull-timeprogramsfor20hourswhicharefundedbyschools.Plumley'steamhavearangeofqualificationsandbackgrounds,includingteaching,specialeducationalneedsandoccupational(職業(yè)的)treatment.Theyuseaflexiblemodeltodelivertheirwork.Plumleybelievesthatasenseofpurposeandvalue,whichsherecallsfeelingasachildwhilehelpingoutonthefarm,iskeytohelpingyoungpeople.“Thesekidsneedtofeelthattheyareneededandfarminggivesthemaplacetoshowtheirvalue，”saysPlumley.Thefarmsrunequine(馬科的)treatmentsessionsandone-to-onesessionswherechildrenbuildapositiverelationshipwithahorse.Theywillseehowtheirbehaviorismirroredintheprocess.Inthisway,childrenmayquicklypickupontheirproblemsandgraduallychangetheirlifeattitude.Plumleysays,“Childrentendtoeforasix-weekperiod.Butiftheystayforayear,wecanseeconsiderablechangesinschool,outsideofschoolandtheirwholepresence.”O(jiān)urtreatmentappearstobeworking.Researchhasfoundthatyoungpeopleattendingcarefarmsshowasignificantreductioninself-reportedmentalandhealthrisksandbehavioralregulationdifficulties.本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要介紹了Plumley結(jié)合自己的親身經(jīng)歷，開辦關(guān)懷農(nóng)場為一些問題孩子提供特殊的治療服務(wù)。5．WhatmayhelpJulierunRyelandsFarmwell?A．Herchildhoodexperience.B．Thechallengesinherlife.C．Hertraininginlearningcenters.D．Thesupportfromyoungchildren.答案：A解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第一段的Havinggrownuponafarm,sheknowsexactlyhowitoffereditsownkindoftreatment.可知，JuliePlumley小時候在農(nóng)場的經(jīng)歷幫助她能很好地經(jīng)營農(nóng)場。6．WhatcanwelearnaboutJulie'sfarmfromParagraph2?A．Itisintendedforanimallovers.B．Itdrawssupportfrommanyschools.C．Itisfamousforitsfull-timeprograms.D．Itinviteschildrentoexplorethecountrysidelife.答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第二段的Sheworkswitharound20schoolsacrossDorsetandSomerset以及．..butthefarmalsorunsfull-timeprogramsfor20hourswhicharefundedbyschools.可知，JuliePlumley經(jīng)營的農(nóng)場獲得了許多學(xué)校的支持。7．TheprogramsofJulie'sfarmhelpchildrenby________.A．offeringthemhorsestokeepB．helpingthemgettheirvalueinlifeC．makingthemreflectontheirproblemsD．teachingthempracticalknowledgeinafunaway答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。由第三段的Plumleybelievesthatasenseofpurposeandvalue...“Thesekidsneedtofeelthattheyareneededandfarminggivesthemaplacetoshowtheirvalue，”可知，在農(nóng)場的體驗可以幫助孩子們感覺自己被需要，展現(xiàn)自己的價值。Ⅱ.七選五Socialskillsareoftenthoughtofasasetofskillsthatallowpeopletomunicateandrelatewithothers.__1__Theseskillsareoftenthewaytodetermineaperson'sstatus,considerpeopleaspotentialfriends,andevaluatethemforemploymentsorpromotionsintheworkplace.InmostEnglish-speakingcountries,verbal(言語的)skillsareanimportantaspectofsocialskills.__2__Specifically,oneshouldmastertheskillofsayingtheappropriatethingattheappropriatetime,aswellasspeakinginaneducatedbutreasonablyunderstandablemanner.PeoplewithgoodverbalskillsintheUSarethoughttospeakwithaclearvoice,speakappropriatelyinasituation,andhaveconfidenceintheirvoice.Poorskillsmightbereadassayingthewrongthing,speakingtoosoftlytobeheardortooloudlytobetolerated.__3__Theotheraspectofsocialskillsisnonverbal.Standingupstraight,makingeyecontact,makingappropriategestures,leaningtowardthepersononeisspeakingto,andsmilingappropriatelycanalldefinegoodnonverbalskills.__4__Peoplewhosmiletoomuchmaynotbetrusted,andleaningtoofarforwardintosomeoneelse'spersonalspacemaybeconsideredrude.__5__Anodofthehead,mentingoccasionally,andclearlytakinginsomeoneelse'sideasarevaluableduringthewholeconversation.Mostpeopledon'tsimplywanttobetalkedto;theywanttobetalkedwith.A．Peoplewithgoodnonverbalskillslistenwell.B．However,overdoingsuchthingswillworkoppositely.C．Bodylanguageisalsoanaspectofnonverbalsocialskills.D．Theyincludebothverbalandnonverbalformsofmunication.E．Itisquitedifficulttooveremunicationdifficultiesindailylife.F．Verbalonesmeansomeonewiselyknowswhentosay,whattosay,andhowtosay.G．Besides,thosewhoonlyspeakonboringtopicsarethoughttohavepoorsocialskills.本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了社交技巧包含語言和非語言兩個方面的內(nèi)容。1．D解析：該項位于段中，與上文存在邏輯上的指代關(guān)系，即They指代上文中的socialskills。2．F解析：此空設(shè)于段中，是一個過渡句，與上下文呼應(yīng)。該句中的Verbalones與上文中的verbalskills相呼應(yīng)；另外，該句中的“whentosay,whattosay,andhowtosay”照應(yīng)下文中的sayingtheappropriatethingattheappropriatetime,aswellasspeakinginan...manner。3．G解析：該項位于段尾，與上文存在邏輯上的遞進關(guān)系，根據(jù)上下文可知，上文說明了比較差的語言技能的表現(xiàn)形式，此處進一步說明了僅談?wù)撘恍o聊的話題也被認為是社交能力差的表現(xiàn)。4．B解析：該項位于段中，與上文存在邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，根據(jù)上下文可知，上文說明了良好的非語言技能的幾方面內(nèi)容，比如在交談時與他人眼神交流等等，然而做得太過會起反作用，與下文提到的“笑得太多可能會被認為不靠譜等”相吻合。5．A解析：該項位于段首，是本段的主題句，本段主要講擁有良好的非語言技巧的人善于傾聽。Ⅲ.語法填空High-heeledshoesarethefashionchoiceformanywomenaroundtheworld.However,anewstudyprovesthat__1__(wear)highheelsoveralongperiodoftimecanpermanentlyinjurethebody.AtStanfordUniversityinCalifornia,ateamof__2__(research)testedthekneesofwomenwhentheywalkedinflatshoes,3.8-cmhighheels,and8.9-cmhighheels.Theresultssendawarningtowomenwhooftenwearhighheelsthattheyriskpermanentdamage__3__theirknees.Highheelsputkneesin__4__awkwardposition,makingthemfunctionlikedamagedjoints.__5__(recent),theDailyExpressnewspaperreportedasurveyof1,200women__6__showshowpopularhighheelsare.Amongthem,88%saidhigh-heeledshoesmakethe