Unit4Earthquakes課時作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀(2020·河南省八市重點(diǎn)高中聯(lián)盟高三上期“領(lǐng)軍考試”試題)OneyoungladyisbeingpraisedforperfectmannersforanapologynoteshewrotetotheNationalPark,aftershereportedlytookarockhomeasasouvenir(紀(jì)念品).Besidesexpressingherregret,thegirlalsoreturnedthestolenrocktotheparkandevengaveadonation.OnAug.17,theNationalParksharedthetaleofthenotetotheirFacebookpage,whereithassincebeenlikedover5,200times,andsharedabout700.“DearParkRanger(護(hù)林員),DeepCreekwasawesome!IespeciallylikedTomBranchFalls，”theyoungster,namedKarina,beganherletter,“Iloveditsomuch.Iwantedtohaveasouvenirtoehomewithme.”“SoItookarock.I'msorry,andIwanttoreturnit，”shesaid.“Also,here'sadonation！”LuckyforKarina,theparkrangersweremovedbyhersincereapologies,andevenwroteback.“DearKarina,thankyousomuchforreturningtherock!IthasmadeitswaybacktoTomBranchFalls.Wearesogladyouenjoyedyourvisit，”theparkofficialswroteintheirFacebookpost.“Already,youarebeinganamazingstewardforthepark.Thankyouforrecognizingthatwhatisintheparkshouldstayinthepark.Ifeveryvisitortookarockhome,thatwouldmean11millionrockswouldbegonefromtheparkeveryyear！”theyshared.TheparkrangerswentontoexplaintheimportanceofrocksintheNaturalParkashomesfor“hundreds”ofcreatures,includingsalamanders.“Nowthatyouknowtoleavenaturethewayyoufindit,wehopeyouwillhelpsharethismessagewithothers，”theofficialsconcluded,“Itisalwaysagoodthingtogiveanotherthechancetodiscover！”章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個女孩在自然公園拿了一塊石頭又幡然悔悟，她歸還了石頭，寫了道歉信，而且還捐了款。這樣誠實(shí)的“小偷”，會被原諒嗎？1．Whydidtheyoungladytaketherockhomefromthenaturalpark?A．Becauseit'svaluable.B．BecauseshelikedTomBranchFallsandwantedtohaveasouvenir.C．Becauseitlooksnice.D．BecauseDeepCreekwassoawesomethatshewantedtohaveasouvenir.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“IespeciallylikedTomBranchFalls”和“Iloveditsomuch,Iwantedtohaveasouvenirtoehomewithme.”可知正確答案為B。2．Besideswritinganapologynote,whatdidthegirldo?A．Shereturnedthestoneandgaveadonation.B．Shebecameastewardforthepark.C．ShesharedthenotetoherFacebookpage.D．ShetookthestonebacktoTomBranchFalls.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“thegirlalsoreturnedthestolenrocktotheparkandevengaveadonation.”可知正確答案為A。3．Fromthispassage,wecanlearnthat.A．notallthevisitorscantakearockfromthenaturalparkB．thesalamandersareakindofrareplantsC．whenwegotothenaturalpark,weshouldleavenaturethewaywefinditD．it'salwaysagoodthingtosharemessageswithothers答案：C推理判斷題。A項(xiàng)的意思是并非所有的參觀者都可以從自然公園帶走石頭，觀點(diǎn)錯誤；根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“...‘hundreds’ofcreatures,includingsalamanders”，可知salamanders(蠑螈)是動物，B項(xiàng)錯誤；D項(xiàng)語義過于籠統(tǒng)，文章的原意為與他人分享保護(hù)自然的信息是好的。故選C。4．What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A．APrettyThiefB．ARockfromtheNaturalParkC．AGirlWhoHavePerfectMannersD．AnApologyNote答案：D標(biāo)題判斷題。文章從一封道歉信開始，然后這封道歉信被分享在網(wǎng)上，最后護(hù)林員回信，都說明這篇文章是圍繞道歉信展開的，所以最佳標(biāo)題為D?！驹~匯積累】①awesomeadj.令人驚嘆的②stewardn.管家③makeone'swaybackto返回某處【長難句分析】Thankyouforrecognizingthatwhatisintheparkshouldstayinthepark.謝謝你認(rèn)識到公園里的東西應(yīng)該留在公園里。分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。recognizing后跟一個that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，that在從句中不作任何成分；賓語從句中又有一個what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，what在從句中作主語。Ⅱ.完形填空Severalmonthsago,Greecesufferedfromtherefugee(難民)disaster.Ihadn'tbeen1ofthescale(規(guī)模)ofituntilIactuallygottoGreece.I2asmanageroftheOinofytaCamp.Thisworkislikebeinga3.AndIrealizedthatIhadmetmy4，whichwastotakecareofthemandshowthemthattheywerelovedandcaredabout,not5.AlloftheGreekislandsare6.Ihaveacampthatwithinthreeorfourdayscould7500people.Whenyourlifeisspentgettinghandouts(救濟(jì)品)fromeveryoneallday,youloseyour8.Ihadthis9ideathatitwouldbegreattostartabusiness,sewingbagsfromleftover10material.Thosepeoplewerethe11peopleinthecampbecausetheyhadapurpose.Wehave12inAmericawhowanttobuythesebagsnow.Learningtosay13hasbeenoneoftheharderthingshereatthecamp:theconstant14ofresidents.Iwassohappyforthemwhentheygottheirfamilyreunion,andsosadbecauseIknewthatthe15ofmebeingabletoeverseethemagainwasprettyslim.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在希臘的奧諾費(fèi)塔難民營服務(wù)期間的難忘經(jīng)歷。1．A.afraid B．a(chǎn)wareC．fond D．a(chǎn)shamed答案：B根據(jù)本空格后的“untilIactuallygottoGreece”可知，直到“我”到了希臘，“我”才意識到那里的難民災(zāi)難的規(guī)模有多大。beawareof“意識到；覺察到”。故B項(xiàng)正確。2．A.tookover B．madeforC．cameup D．figuredout答案：A根據(jù)本空格后的“asmanageroftheOinofytaCamp”可知，“我”接任(takeover)奧諾費(fèi)塔營經(jīng)理的工作，makefor“前往”；eup“發(fā)生”；figureout“想出”。故A項(xiàng)正確。3．A.teacher B．volunteerC．mother D．lawyer答案：C根據(jù)下文中的“whichwastotakecareofthem”可知，這個工作需要照顧他人，因此工作性質(zhì)像母親(mother)一樣。故C項(xiàng)正確。4．A.failure B．goalC．moment D．problem答案：B根據(jù)本空格后的“whichwastotakecareofthemandshowthemthattheywerelovedandcaredabout”可知，“我”工作的目標(biāo)(goal)是照顧難民，讓他們感覺到自己是被愛和被關(guān)心著的。故B項(xiàng)正確。5．A.forced B．shelteredC．cured D．forgotten答案：D讓他們感覺到自己是被愛和被關(guān)心著的，并沒有被遺忘(forget)，force“強(qiáng)迫”；shelter“庇護(hù)”；cure“治愈”。故D項(xiàng)正確。6．A.overcrowded B．a(chǎn)pproachedC．observed D．a(chǎn)ssumed答案：A上文提到希臘正遭受難民災(zāi)難，大批的難民涌入，肯定極度擁擠(overcrowded)。approach“接近”；observe“觀察”；assume“設(shè)定”。故A項(xiàng)正確。7．A.employ B．trainC．examine D．serve答案：D根據(jù)上文可知，“我”去希臘是為難民服務(wù)的，“我”的難民營可以為500人服務(wù)(serve)。employ“雇傭”；train“訓(xùn)練”；examine“檢查”。故D項(xiàng)正確。8．A.dignity B．payC．demand D．value答案：A當(dāng)你的生活每天都在接受別人的救濟(jì)時，你就會失去尊嚴(yán)(dignity)。故A項(xiàng)正確。9．A.strange B．ordinaryC．wild D．peaceful答案：C根據(jù)下文可知，在這樣困難的條件下還能產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)業(yè)想法，這是近乎瘋狂(wild)的想法。故C項(xiàng)正確。10．A.cooking B．tentC．heating D．wood答案：B結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，用來縫制袋子的應(yīng)該是剩余的帳篷(tent)材料。故B項(xiàng)正確。11．A.saddest B．happiestC．bravest D．calmest答案：B根據(jù)本空格后的“becausetheyhadapurpose”可知，因?yàn)樯钣辛吮碱^，所以他們成了難民營里最快樂(happiest)的人，故B項(xiàng)正確。12．A.leaders B．consultantsC．workers D．purchasers答案：D根據(jù)本空格后的“whowanttobuythesebagsnow”可知，在美國有一些想買這些袋子的買家(purchasers)。故D項(xiàng)正確。13．A.goodbye B．thanksC．sorry D．hello答案：A根據(jù)下文中的“whentheygottheirfamilyreunion”和“everseethemagain”可知，道別(goodbye)成為難民營最難的事情之一。故A項(xiàng)正確。14．A.fighting B．checkingC．working D．changing答案：D道別意味著帳篷內(nèi)的居住者不斷更換(changing)。故D項(xiàng)正確。15．A.pity B．intentionC．possibility D．reward答案：C“我”很難過是因?yàn)椤拔摇敝涝僖姷剿麄兊目赡苄?possibility)很小。故C項(xiàng)正確。Ⅲ.七選五HowtoDealwithBeingIndoorsDuringanEarthquakeWouldyouknowwhattodoifyouareindoorsduringanearthquake?1Stayindoors.Donotmoveoutside.ManymodernbuildingsmadeofRCC(ReinforcedCementConcrete)aredesignedtowithstandmoderateearthquakesandareactuallyquitesafe.2Goingoutsideisdangerouswhenpeoplegetinjuredfromthingsfallingoffthebuildingorotherbuildings.3Dropbeforetheearthquakedropsyou.Usethe“Drop,CoverandHold”method—dropontotheground,takecoverunderastrongandsturdyobjectandcoveryourheadwithyourhandsandarms.Holdontowhateveryoumightbeunderneath,becauseifitstartstomove,you'llwanttomakesurethatyou'removingwithit.Getundersomethingheavy.4Ifpossible,getundersomethingheavylikeadeskortable.Coveryourhead.Getdownlowandmakesurethatyouareprotectedfromthingsthatmightbefallinginyourhome.Findothersupportsifyoucannotshelterundersomething.Ifyou'renotabletogetunderatableorotherformsofprotection,getnexttoaninteriorwall.Makeyourselfassmallaspossible.Coveryourheadandprotectyourselfwhiletheshakingisgoingon.Stayinbedifyouaretherealready.Ifanearthquakestartswhileyouareinbed,thebestthingistostaythere.Coveryourheadandneckwithyourpillowandrideouttheshaking.5Ithasbeenreportedthatpeoplewhogetoutofbedduringanearthquakearemorelikelytobeinjuredastheymaysteponbrokenglass.A．Dropontotheground.B．Findaheavydeskquickly.C．Earthquakesleadtomanydisasters.D．Donotgetoutofbeduntiltheshakingstops.E．Thissimplehow-towillbringyouuptospeedquickly.F．Itisunlikelythatyouwillbeabletowalkduringanearthquake.G．Stepsandliftsareactuallymoredangerousthanstayingindoors.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在發(fā)生地震時如果你在室內(nèi)的話應(yīng)該怎么做。1．E下文的各個小標(biāo)題概述了具體的建議，由此可知選E項(xiàng)(這個簡單的操作方法將使您快速進(jìn)入狀況)，引出下文。2．G空格處上文講地震時不要外出，G項(xiàng)順接上文，解釋其原因。3．A空格處是本段主題句。從內(nèi)容看，該段主要講述地震發(fā)生時，要蹲在地上，躲避在堅(jiān)固的物體下，用手和胳膊護(hù)住頭。故選A項(xiàng)。4．F本段主要講述地震時要找到厚實(shí)的物體作為遮蔽物，防止落物傷人，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)解釋其原因，說明為何要這樣做，即地震時要正常走路已經(jīng)不可能了。故選F項(xiàng)。5．D由本段第二句中的“...inbed,thebestthingistostaythere”及空格后句子所述這樣做的原因可知，空格處所填句子應(yīng)進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)待在床上等待地震結(jié)束，D項(xiàng)所述符合前后語境。Ⅳ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。HotShotHawaiiishometooneoftheworld'smostactivevolcanoesKilauea.Thevolcanohasbeeneruptingnonstopformorethan35years.Lava(熔巖)fromKilaueausuallypoursslowlyintothePacificOcean,creatingafieryshow.Butrecently,amuchmoredramaticshowstarted.“Lavabegangushing(噴出)outofthetubeopeninglikewatergushesfromtheendofafirehose，”saysJanetBabb.She'sascientistattheHawaiianVolcanoObservatory.LavaisstillburstingfromahugeholeonthesideofacliffonKilauea.Thisrareeventisknownasafirehoseflow.Asthelavaslamsintotheocean,itcreatesanexplosionofsteamandrock.KilaueaislocatedonwhatisknownasHawaii'sBigIsland.(Theisland'sofficialnameisHawaii,thesameasthestate.)Lavafromthevolcanocancausedestructionwhenitflowsintonearbytowns.Butitalsocreatesland,makingtheislandbigger.Whenlavareachestheocean,itcoolsandhardensintoatypeofrockcalledbasalt.LastMay,anewvent,orhole,openedonKilauea.Aslavafromtheventflowedoverland,theaircooledthetoplayer.Thatlavabegantoformatube.InJuly,lavafromthattubebeganleakingintothesea.Iteventuallyhardenedintoanunstable(likelytofall,move,orsway)landmasscalledalavadelta(三角洲).Thedeltagrewtobeaboutthesizeof20footballfields.OnNewYear'sEve,itcollapsed,alongwithahugesectionoftheseacliffnearthedelta.Thatexposedmuch