ChineseFoodandEnvironmentUNIT5LearningObjectivesGiveaspeechontheeatinghabitsofChinesepeopleLearnaboutexpressionsonlocaldelicacies1Talkaboutlegendsoflocaldelicacies23Inallhiswaysofsittingandstanding,andeatinganddrinking,--ofbroodingaboutinahigh-shoulderedreluctantstyle,--oftakingouthisgreathorn-handledjackknifeandwipingitonhislegsandcuttinghisfood,--ofliftinglightglassesandcupstohislips,asiftheywereclumsypannikins,--ofchoppingawedgeoffhisbread,andsoakingupwithitthelastfragmentsofgravyroundandroundhisplate,asiftomakethemostofanallowance,andthendryinghisfinger-endsonit,andthenswallowingit…--CharlesDickensTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingIbelievethatcuisineisthemostimportantlinkbetweennatureandculture.--AlexAtalaTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingLegendsofLocalDelicaciesTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReading

FujiancuisineisatestamenttothecreativityandingenuityoftheFujianpeople,asevidencedbythefascinatingoriginstoriesofmanyofitspopulardishes.Ningdemeatballisaprimeexampleofthis.Accordingtolocalfolklore,afemaledemononceinhabitedJingtaimountainnearNingde,anddemandedthattheresidentsatthefootofthemountainsendherbeautifulwomentodresshereachday.Ifawomanfailedtopleaseher,shewouldbeeatenorpunishedbyhavingherhandsdestroyedorherfacedisfigured.Thedemon’styrannycontinueduncheckeduntilarumorreachedherthateatingthemeatofyoungboyscouldmakeherevenmorebeautiful.Fromthenon,theresidentshadtosacrificeaboyeachyeartoappeasethedemon,untiltheyearwhenaboynamedLaixiwaschosen.Hisfamilywasdistraught,butalsofearedtheconsequencesofdefyingthedemon.DespitetheireffortstohideLaixi,fatehadotherplansinstore.Oneday,atthedinnertable,Laixi’sfatherfeltsosad,ashethoughtthathislovelysonwouldsoonbesenttothedemontobeeaten.Unconsciously,heshookhisfistandsmashedthecookedtaro.Staringatthemashedtaro,Laixi’smother,awell-knowncleverwoman,hituponagoodmethodtosaveherson.Whenthedayofsacrificecame,thedemonwaitedforalongtimeonlytofindLaixihadn’tshownup,sosheangrilyflewdownthemountaintotheboy’shome.Atthatmoment,Laixi’smotherwasmakingmeatballs.Shefirstsmashedthecookedtaroandmixeditwithsweetpotatopowder.Thenshewrappedmeatinthemixturetomakemeatballs.Meanwhile,Laixi’sfatherwashidingtheboyinaTaoisttemple.Assoonashecamebackfromthetempleandwentintothehousebythefrontdoor,thedemonarrivedatthebackdoorofthehouseandshouted,"handovermytributeimmediately,orIwillletthewholecitybeburied."Laixi’smotherrushedoutandsaidwithasmile,"calmdown,mylord.Pleasesitintheroom."Afterleadingthedemonintothehouse,shebroughthotmeatballstothedemonandsaid,"mylord,asaspecialtreat,wehaveturnedourboyintothesemeatballsforyourdelight."Temptedbyasharpmeatballaroma,thedemonatethemdirectlyregardlessofthehightemperature.Themoresheate,themorevigorouslyshekepturging:"bringmore,bringmore!"ThenLaixi’smothercameforwardandsaid,"well,therearenochildreninourfamily.Canweuseporkinstead?"Thedemon,whoonlycaredaboutthehappinessofgettingsomethingnicetoeat,noddedinagreement.Afterthat,inanefforttooutsmartthedemons,thepeopleofNingdedevisedacleverstrategy:theybeganmakingmeatballstoreplacechildrenthatwereintendedtobesacrificed.Astheyearspassed,aTaoistpassingthroughNingdewasabletosubduethedemonandtakeheraway.However,thetraditionofmakingtheseuniquemeatballslivedon.WhatsetsNingdemeatballsapartfromothersistheirdistinctivewrapper,madefromacombinationofmashedtaroandsweetpotatopowder.Thefillingistypicallyamixtureofmincedpork,dicedshrimp,andmushrooms,seasonedwithsoysauce,salt,andcookingoilaccordingtopersonalpreference.Despitethegruesomeoriginofthistradition,thedeliciousmeatballshavebecomeabelovedlocaldelicacythatcontinuestobepasseddownthroughgenerations.Inadditiontothosefabricatedfairytalesaboutlocaldelicacies,therearealsostoryembodyingpeople’sdiligenceandwisdom,suchasthefolkloreofFudingmeatslices.ThefolklorehasitthatintheearlyMingDynasty(1368―1644),WuWangsan,asincere,simple,hardworking,andcourageousyoungman,fellinlovewithMissSufromtheneighboringvillage.Shewasbeautiful,intelligent,andvirtuous.Astheyspentmoretimetogether,theirlovegrewstronger.WuWangsanknewthathewantedtospendtherestofhislifewithher,sohegatheredthecouragetoproposetoherwiththehelpofamatchmaker.ButtheirlovewassoonthreatenedbythearrivalofDongQi,thesonofarichandinfluentialfamilyinthearea.DongQialsohadfeelingsforMissSuanddeclaredthathewouldnotmarryanyoneelse.WuWangsanwasfacedwithapowerfulrivalinlove,butherefusedtogiveuponthewomanheloved.Onthedayoftheirengagement,DongQiarrivedwithbetrothalgiftsthatweretentimesmorevaluablethanWang’s.Thetensionbetweenthetwofamilieswaspalpable.Sensingthehostility,MissSudecidedtodefusethesituationandsuggestedatesttodeterminewhowouldbethebettermatch.Sheaskedeachsuitortouseakilogramofleanmeatfromthelegofapigtheyhadbroughttoprepareadishfortheeightguestspresent.DongQiimmediatelydicedthemeatandcookeditintoapotofporkporridge,leavingWangsanwithlimitedoptions.ButWangsankepthiscomposureandskillfullymixedthemeatwithhomemadestarchanddoublingthequantity.Hethencutthemixtureintosmallpieces,cookedtheminwater,andseasonedthemtocreateeightsmallbowlsofdelectablemeatslices.Thedishwasahugehit,witheveryonesingingitspraises,evenDongQi,whowasleftspeechless.ThisculinarytriumphsecuredWuWangsan’smarriagetoMissSuandbecameabelovedFudingdelicacy.ItwasatestamenttoWangsan’singenuityandresourcefulness,whichhadwonovertheheartsandtastebudsofallpresent.InthecourseoftimeFudingpeoplecalledthedeliciousdish,meatslices.Inadditiontohistoricalaccounts,fairytales,andfolktales,legendssurroundingfamousFujiancuisineofferinsightintoculturalexchanges.OnesuchlegendisthatofSatayNoodles,whichdatesbacktothelate18thcenturyinXiamen.Atthattime,fishingwastheprimarylivelihoodformostXiamenresidents,andmanylosttheirlivesatseaduetotheunpredictableweather.IntheshadowofPutuoMountain,afamilylivedinpoverty.Thefatherhadgoneouttoseaandneverreturned,leavinghiswifeandyoungsontofendforthemselves.Asthesongrewup,hefollowedinhisfather’sfootstepsandbecameafisherman.Butoneday,hetoowaslostatseaduringaviolentstorm.Thegrief-strickenmotherwaslefttoweepalone,eventuallylosinghersightfromtheconstanttears.Butunknowntoherandquitemiraculously,theyoungmanwasrescuedbyanIndonesianmerchantshipandbroughttoIndonesia.There,heworkedtirelesslytomakeanewlifeforhimself.Overtime,hebecameaccustomedtotheforeigncultureanddiscoveredthedeliciousflavorofSataymeat.Timeflewbyandtenyearshadpassedsincetheyoungmanhadlefthiscountry.Duringthosetenlongyears,hehadbeenyearningtoreturnhomeandseehiselderlymother,andtocookheradeliciousmealusingSataysauce.Aftermucheffortandwaiting,hefinallygotnewsofamerchantshipthatwasgoingtoXiamen,andheimmediatelysetoff,takingsomeSataysaucewithhim.Uponarrivinghome,hewasshockedtofindhismotherinaterriblestate.Shehadlostherteethandsenseoftasteduetoyearsofhardwork,andhereyesighthadalsofailedher.Theyoungmanwasheartbrokenbutwasdeterminedtodoallhecouldtomakeherhappy.Hetriedtocookallkindsofdeliciousfoodforher,butshecouldn’ttasteanything.Oneday,herememberedthathismotherhadalwayslovedpeanuts,sohecrushedthemintoapowderandsprinkleditoverthenoodleshehadcookedforher.Sheatethembutsaidtheyweretoobland.Determinedtomakethenoodlestastier,theyoungmansearchedforsomesalt,buthecouldn’tfindany.However,hedidfindtheSataysaucehehadbroughtbackfromIndonesia,sohedecidedtouseit.WhenhegavethenoodlestohismotherwiththeSataysauce,sheexclaimed,“Mychild,howcanthisbesodelicious?”Theyoungmantasteditwithhischopsticksandwaspleasantlysurprised.TheSataysaucehadturnedtheordinarynoodlesintoanincrediblydeliciousdishthathadrekindledhismother’ssenseoftaste.GratefulfortheSataysauce’swonderfulflavor,theyoungmanmadealotofnoodleswithitandinvitedallthepeopleinthevillagetotryit,thankingthemfortheirkindnessandcareofhismotherduringhisabsence.Everyonelovedthenoodles,andtheyoungmanbecameknownforhisdeliciousSataynoodles.Tomakealivingtosupporthismother,hestartedexchangingthenoodleswithfishermenforsomefish.Gradually,moreandmorefishermenweredrawntothemouth-wateringaromaofhisSataynoodles,andthedishbecameapopularsnackinXiamen.Thus,thestoryofSatayNoodleshasbecomeoneofthetypicallegendsthatillustratestheexchangeandblendingofdifferentculturesthroughfood.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsdelicacy:n.somethinggoodtoeatthatisexpensiveorrare佳肴e.g.SnailsareconsideredadelicacyinFrance.evidence:v.formaltoshowthatsomethingexistsoristrue證明as(is)evidencedbye.g.Thevolcanoisstillactive,asevidencedbytherecenteruption.disfigure:v.tospoiltheappearancethatsomethingnaturallyhas損毀……的外形e.g.Hisfacehadbeendisfiguredinanaccident.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationssacrifice:v.towillinglystophavingsomethingyouwantordoingsomethingyoulikeinordertogetsomethingmoreimportant;n.anactoractionofmakinganofferingofanimalorvegetablelife,offood,drink,orincense,orofsomepreciousobjecttoadeityorspiritualbeing犧牲sacrificesomethingforsomethinge.g.ALabourgovernmentchosetosacrificedefenceforwelfare.sacrificesomethingtodosomethinge.g.Hesacrificedapromisingcareertolookafterhiskids.sacrificeyourself(forsomething)e.g.motherswhosacrificethemselvesfortheirchildrenUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsappease:v.tomakesomeonelessangryorstopthemfromattackingyoubygivingthemwhattheywant使和緩e.g.Theyattemptedtoappeaseinternationaloppositionbypromisingtoholdtalks.distraught:adj.soupsetandworriedthatyoucannotthinkclearly.憂心如焚的e.g.Relativesaretonightcomfortingthedistraughtparents.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsdefy:v.torefusetoobeyalaworrule,orrefusetodowhatsomeoneinauthoritytellsyoutodo藐視e.g.Billydefiedhismother,andsmokedopenlyinthehouse.outsmart:v.togainanadvantageoversomeoneusingtricksoryourintelligence用計謀打敗e.g.Theolderkidsoutsmarttheyoungoneswhentradingcards.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsdevise:v.toplanorinventanewwayofdoingsomething設計e.g.Shedevisedamethodforquickercommunicationsbetweenoffices.subdue:v.todefeatorcontrolapersonorgroup,especiallyusingforce征服e.g.Policemanagedtosubduetheangrycrowd.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsfabricate:v.toinventastory,pieceofinformationetc.inordertodeceivesomeone編造e.g.Thepolicewereaccusedoffabricatingevidence.embody:v.obeaverygoodexampleofanideaorquality體現e.g.SheembodieseverythingIadmireinateacher.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsdelectable:adj.extremelypleasanttotasteorsmell令人愉快的e.g.Delectablesmellsrosefromthekitchen.unpredictable:adj.changingalotsoitisimpossibletoknowwhatwillhappen不可預測的e.g.Britainiswellknownforitsunpredictableweather.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsReadingthetextanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1.ThefemaledemoncametoNingdeandoccupiedtheJingtaimountainformeatball.2.ThebeautylovingdemondemandedtheresidentsatthefootofJingtaimountaintosendyoungboystodressherupeveryday.3.Finally,thefemaledemonwasdefeatedanddrivenawaybythelocalpeopleofNingde.4.ThefolkloreofFudingmeatslicesembodieslocalpeople’sdiligenceandwisdom.5.ThefolkloreofFudingmeatslicesisbasedonthesincerelovebetweenMissSuandDongQi.6.BothDongQiandWuWangsanwererequiredtorespectivelymakeadishonsitetoentertaintheeightguests.7.ThelegendaboutSatayNoodlesshowstheinfluenceofIndonesianfoodcultureonChineseone.8.Themotherturnedblindbecauseshekeptcryingforherlosthusband.9.TheyoungmanreturnedXiamenafter10yearsfromIndia.10.Accordingtothelegend,theSatayaddedintothenoodleshelpedthemothergetbackherlong-losttaste.UnderstandingthetextLanguageExercisesReadingFFFTFTTFFTTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsII.Discussthefollowingquestionsinsmallgroups.Whytherearemanyfairytalesorlegendsaboutlocaldelicacies?Whatarethefunctionsofthesetalesorlegends?Doyouknowanyotherlegendconcerningtheabove-mentionedthreedishes:Ningdemeatball,Fudingmeatslices,XiamenSataynoodles?UnderstandingthetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsI.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReading法國人和英國人代表了歐洲人對食物的不同態(tài)度：法國人吃得很熱情，而英國人吃得很敷衍。在吃這件事情上，中國人的天性決定其更傾向于法國人。英國國民的生活方式導致人們不認真對待食物，讓它淪為一種粗制濫造的生意。英語沒有“烹飪”一詞：他們稱之為“做飯”。他們也沒有“主廚”一詞，他們只是稱他為做飯的。

ThedifferenceofattituderegardingtheproblemoffoodisrepresentedinEuropebytheFrenchandtheEnglish.TheFrencheatenthusiastically,whiletheEnglisheatperfunctorily.TheChinesenationalgeniusdecidedlyleanstowardtheFrenchinthematteroffeedingourselves.TheEnglishnationalwayoflifeleadstonottakingfoodseriouslyandallowingittodegenerateintoaslipshodbusiness.TheEnglishlanguagedoesnotprovideawordforcuisine:theycallitjust“cooking.”Theyhavenoproperwordforchef:theyjustcallhimacook.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsI.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReading事實是，英國人不承認他們有胃，也沒有適合談論胃的話題，除非它恰巧“生病”或“疼痛”。結果是，雖然法國人會用在英國人看來不禮貌的手勢談論他廚師的烹飪，而英國人很難在談論給他做飯的人做的食物時不損害他語言的美。英國人對食物關心甚少，他們更關心如何增強自己抵御流感的能力，并節(jié)省醫(yī)生的費用。Thetruthis,theEnglishdonotadmitthattheyhaveastomach.Nostomachisfitforconversationunlessithappenstobe“sick”or“aching.”TheresultisthatwhiletheFrenchmanwilltalkaboutthecuisineofhischefwith--whatseemstotheEnglishmind--immodestgestures,theEnglishmancanhardlyventuretotalkaboutthe“food”ofhis“cook”withoutimpairingthebeautyofhislanguage.TheEnglishcarelessaboutfood,butareinterestedinishowtostrengthenthemselvesagainstinfluenzaandsavethedoctor’sbills.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsII.Fillintheblankswiththewordsprovided,andchangetheformifnecessary.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingrecipe poems Legend history lotusleave superiorvegetarian cuisine ingredient seasoningWitha______ofmorethanonehundredyears,BuddhaJumpsovertheWallhasbeenrankedthetopcourseinFujian______.Thenumberofingredientsforthedishrangesfromadozentomanymore,includingmain______suchasseacucumbers,abalones,driedscallops,driedrazorclams,porktendons,ham,quaileggs,chickenbreastsanddriedshiitakemushrooms.The______containginger,springonion,cinnamon,Shaoxingricewine,etc.Beforethecookingstarts,themainingredientsarelayeredinsideaShaoxingricewinepot,andthenstockandricewineareadded.Afterthat,thepotistightlysealedwith______.Thestewiscookedatahighheatuntilitboils,followedbyaslowsimmerfor3to4hours.Whenthepotisopened,aricharomafillsthewholehouse.history

cuisine

ingredients

seasonings

lotusleaves

TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsII.Fillintheblankswiththewordsprovided,andchangetheformifnecessary.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingrecipe poems Legend history lotusleave superiorvegetarian cuisine ingredient seasoning______hasitthat,inthelateQingDynasty(1616-1911),agovernmentofficialofFuzhouinvitedhis______tohishomefordinner.Asagestureofhospitality,thehostesspersonallymadeaspecialdish.ShetookoutaShaoxingricewinepot,filleditwithsometwentyingredients,andleftittosimmeratalowheat.Thedishdelightedhissuperior,whoimmediatelysenthischef,ZhengChunfa,forthe______.Yearswentby,ZhengChunfastartedhisownbusiness,becomingtheownerofarestaurantcalled“Juchunyuan”.Oneday,severalliteratifeastedonthedishinhisrestaurant,andcomposed______inpraiseofit.Onepoetreadhispoemaloud:“Potuncovered,aromaarosetall.during

infrontof

without

of

TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsII.Fillintheblankswiththewordsprovided,andchangetheformifnecessary.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingrecipe poems Legend history lotusleave superiorvegetarian cuisine ingredient seasoningTempted,Buddhajumpedoverthewall.”ZhengChunfawasinspiredandimmediatelynamedhisdish“BuddhaJumpsovertheWall”,meaningthateventhe______monkcouldnotresistthetemptationofthisenticingmeat-baseddish.during

infrontof

without

of

TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingIII.Retellthestorymentionedin“LegendsofLocalDelicacies”.IV.SpeakonthefollowingtopicsinEnglish.Shareonelocalcuisinefromyourhometownwiththeclass.SelectaChinesefoodthathasastoryorlegendtosharewithforeignvisitorstoChina.ComparetheeatinghabitsofChinesepeoplewiththoseofanothercountry.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingV.CriticalthinkingPleaseconductathoroughinvestigationintotheconnectionbetweenfoodandgeographicalconditions,comparingandcontrastingtheeatinghabitsofChineseandBritish/Americanindividualsfromeconomic,historical,andgeographicalperspectives.Additionally,youarerequiredtoexaminehowfoodshapesnationalidentity,takingintoconsiderationhistoricaleventsandculturaltraditionscontributingtothephenomenon.Lastly,exploretheimpactofglobalizationonfoodconsumptionandpreferencesinbothcountries.HaveWesterndietaryhabitsbecomemoreprevalentinChina?Conversely,haveChinesefoodsgainedpopularityinWesternma