大學(xué)英語四級考試2022年9月真題（第一套）

PartI

Writing

(30minutes)

Directions:Supposeyouruniversityisselectingsomestudentstoteachkidsinremoteruralareas

duringthecomingvacation.Youarenowtowriteanapplicationlettertotheuniversitytoexplain

whyyouwanttotakepartandwhatyoucandoforthekids.Youwillhave30minutestowritethe

letter.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartII

ListeningComprehension

(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,you

willheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B),C)

andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheer1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Itexaminestheeffectofcholesterolonpeople'shealth.

B)Itsparticipantsallhadhighbloodcholesterollevels.

C)Itquestionsthebenefitsofavegetarianproteindiet.

D)Itsfindingcameasasurprisetotheresearchers.

2.A)Theydonotknowalltheeffectsofeatingmeat.

B)Redmeatitselfdoesnotcauseheartdiseases.

C)Whitemeatmaybehealthierthanredmeat.

D)Vegetarianproteinmaybeeasiertoabsorb.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Itmayhavebeenduetothelorrydriver*sdrunkdriving.

B)ItmayaffectthelocalsupplyofturkeysforChristmas.

C)Itinterruptedtrafficforseveralhoursrunning,

D)Itwascausedbyalorryrunningintoatrailer.

4.A)Ithasbeenthesceneofseveralfatalaccidentsrecently.

B)Itisthespotthatcausesthelocalpolicealotofworry.

C)Ithaswitnessedseveraltrafficaccidentsthisyear.

D)Itisalocationfrequentedbylocaltrafficpolice.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Getapprovaltoaddmoreroutes.C)Advertiseitthroughamobileapp.

B)Attractmoreinternationaltourists.D)Makeitaffordabletocommonfolk.

6.A)Itcostsmorethantwiceasmuchasacarride.

B)ItisgainingpopularityamongordinaryIndians.

C)ItsymbolizesIndia'sadvancementinhigh-tech.

D)Itcangetanywhereinthecitywithin15minutes.

7.A)Internationaltourists.C)Prominentsuperstars.

B)High-classtravelers.D)Customersinahurry.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,

youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),

C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Treatherfriendsinabar.C)Makesomecheese.

B)TakeatriptoWashington.D)Throwaparty.

9.A)Spendnomorethan30dollars.C)Helphimpreparethebarbecue.

B)Buydifferentkindsofcheese.D)Findoutdifferentpeople'stastes.

10.A)Itisthebestkindofhardcheese.C)Ilismoredeliciousthanhoney.

B)ItisthemostpopularinSpain.D)Itisagoodchoiceforchildren.

11.A)Buywhatthemanrecommended.C)Chooseoneofthetwotypesofcheese.

B)Haveatasteofbothofthecheeses.D)Askthemantocutthecheeseintoslices.

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Newteachersandstaffhavetoberecruited.

B)Itmighttakesometimeforstudentstoadapt.

C)Itinvolvesbuyinglotsoftabletsandsoftware.

D)Thesoftwarehastobeconstantlyupgraded.

13.A)Itcangreatlyimprovetheirlearningefficiency.

B)Itcanhelpthemtointeractmorewithteachers.

C)Itcansavetheirtroubleofcarryingprintedbooks.

D)Itcandeveloptheirskillsinusingelectronicdevices.

14.A)Theymayhavetroublecomprehendingtexts.

B)Theymayencountertechnologicalproblems.

CTheymaypaylessrespecttoteachers.

D)Theymaygetdistractedmoreeasily.

15.A)Itgeneratesagreatdealofelectronicgarbage.

B)Itdoesalotofdamagetotheenvironment.

C)Itemitshugeamountsofharmfulradiation.

D)Itacceleratestheexhaustionofrareminerals.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhear

threeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryou

hearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Communicatewithourcoworkers.C)Judgepeoplebasedonourfirstimpressions.

B)Encounterpeopleindifferentplaces.D)Engageinavarietyofpsychologicalactivities.

17.A)Itisanobjectiveevaluationofaperson'scharacter.

B)Itisamentalprocessinfluencedbymanyfactors.

C)Itcontributestotheformationofpersonaltraits.

D)Itvariesgreatlyamongdifferentsocialgroups.

18.A)Itcanleadtoincorrectjudgments.C)Itcanresultininstantlosses.

B)Itcancausemistrustamongpeople.D)Itcangiverisetogenderbias.

Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Bothgroupsspendalotoftimeonmobiledevices.

B)Bothgroupsattachimportancetosocialconnections.

C)Theyareequallycompetentinusingnewtechnology.

D)Theyaresimilarintermsofsocialskills

20.A)Theirsocialskillswerenegativelyaffected.

C)Theiremotionsweremuchhardertoregulate.

B)Theirschoolperformancewasslightlylower.

D)Theirrelationswithpeerswerebadlystrained.

21.A)Itmayposeathreattotheirchildren'ssafety.

C)Itmayhurttheirrelationswithchildren.

B)Itmayaffectsociety'straditionalvalues.

D)Itmaychangetheirchildren'sethicalvalues.

Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Itismotivating.C)Itisincredible.

B)Itispassive.D)Itisimpracticable.

23.A)Itresultsinshort-termexcitement.

B)Ithelpsusavoidmakingmistakes.

C)Itbreedslong-termpassionandenthusiasm.

D)Itisboundtohelpusachievegreatersuccess.

24.A)Driveusforward.C)Spurustoaction.

B)Bringuspower.D)Giveusideas.

25.A)Listeningtosuccessstories.C)Followingtheadviceofexperts.

B)Applyingideastooneslife.D)Consumingtheworldaroundus.

PartIII

ReadingComprehension

(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.

PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

PublicperceptionofsuccessintheU.S.mightbetotallymisguided.

While92%ofpeoplebelieveotherscaremostaboutfameand26,fewerthan10%factor

thosequalitiesintotheirownsuccess.Thisisaccordingtothenewly27studybyHarvard

GraduateSchoolofEducationprofessorToddSmith.Smithsayshewas28byhowpast

studiesonsuccess“assumedwhatpeoplewillcareabout.nInthisstudy,histeamtcwentthe29

direction"byspendingyearscarryingoutindividualinterviewsandgroupsurveystoseewhat

peoplereallytalkaboutwhentheytalkaboutsuccess.

Asascientist,Smith30studiedindividualityforaliving,andevenhewassurprisedto

findyoungerrespondentscaredmoreabouthavinga31inlife.Thosebetweentheagesof18

and34prioritizeditmost,andthatprioritizationdroppedoffasrespondents1ageswentup.

Perhapsthisisbecauseolderpeoplehadfeweroptionswhentheywerestartingtheircareers,ata

timewhenvaluesfocusedmoreonstableincomesthan32personalmissions.

Othertrendsincludedanemphasisontheimportanceofparenting.Beingaparent33very

highacrosstheprioritiesofallstudyparticipants.Ultimately,Smithhopesinstitutionswilltake

noteoftheseinsights34.Highereducationinstitutionstendtofocusonpreparingstudentsfor

high-payingjobs.Forsuchinstitutions,fromuniversitiestoworkplaces,tobetter35peoplein

theU.Sthey*11needtounderstand4twhattheAmericanpublichighlyprioritizes/Smithsays.

A)accommodateB)accordinglyC)acquiringD)botheredE)fortuneF)fillingG)identify

H)literallyI)oppositeJ)professionK)purposeL)rankedM)releasedN)similarly

O)wrong

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Each

statementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhich

theinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphis

markedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet

2.

Howarabbitstudyandanex-studentboostmyhopesforafutureofHoveanddignity9

A)Atwhatevergradelevelteachersfindthemselves,fromkindergartentothefinalclassat

medicalorlawschool,fewmomentsstirtheemotionsasdeeplyaswhenformerstudentsreappear

yearsandoftendecadeslaterwithanupdateonwheretheirjourneyhastakenthemandwhat

resiliencies(韌性)havebeenthepavementonwhichthey'vetraveled.

B)SoitwaswhenarecentlettercamefromKelliHarding,astudent21yearsagoinmyPeace

StudiessummercourseinWashington.Theweeklytuition-freeclass,inaroomyspacethatRalph

NaderandhisPublicCitizennonprofitgroupprovided,wasdiscussion-basedandrequiredno

uselesshomeworkorexams.Justcomeinandfigureouthowtoincreasepeaceanddecrease

violence.Anddoittoday,tomorrowistoolate.Thecourseattractedmostlycongressional

interns(實習(xí)生)，withafewexceptionslikeKelliwhowasinWashingtonasanAmeriCorps

volunteer.

C)Heryear-longserviceincludedcomfortingAIDspatientsatafreehealthclinicanddelivering

mealstothehomebound.ItwasaworldapartfromherundergraduatedaysattheUniversityof

California-Berkeleymajoringinpoliticalscience.TheWashingtonexperience,whichKelliwould

latercall'transformative/1wasthefuelthatcarriedherintomedicinetoearnamaster'sdegreein

publichealthfromColumbiaUniversityandamedicaldegreefromtheUniversityofRochester,

andalmosttwodecadesofpracticeasanemergency-roompsychiatrist(精神科醫(yī)生)atNew

York-PresbyterianHospitalandaclinicalprofessorofpsychiatryatColumbiaUniversityIrving

MedicalCenter.

D)Kelli'sletter,aliterateupdateonbothherpersonalandprofessionallife,touchedmyhear,and

especiallysowhensayingthattwodecadeslatershestillhasthecoursetext,“Solutionsto

Violence/'andthat“itremainsoneofmyfavoritepossessions."ShelivesinLowerManhattan

withherhusband,Padraic,whomshemetonaflighttoLondon,andtheirthreeboys.

E)IfKellistandsout,it'sbecausesheisalsoagiftedwriter.Lastmonth,AtriaBookspublished

herbookTheRabbitEffect:LiveLonger,HappierandHealthierwiththeGroundbreakingScience

ofKindness.

F）Withablendingoffree-flowingconfessionalproseandscholarlyresearchfoundin461notes,

Kellimetmyexpectationsthatherideasandidealswouldbesoundandsingular."Despiteour

scientificprogress,"shewrites,^Americansareremarkablyunhealthy.In2016,theUnitedStates

rankedforty-thirdintheworldforlifeexpectancy...Itisalsobyfartheworld'smostexpensive

placetogetsick."

G）Entertherabbits-notthoserunningaroundinourwoodlandsbutonesservingintwomonth-

longmedicalexperimentstotesttheeffectsofeatingahighfatdietandtheconnectionsbetween

cholesterolandheartdisease.Withsimilardiets,theexpectationswerethatalltherabbitswould

havesimilarcloggingsoftheirarteries（動脈堵塞）.Yetonegrouphad60%fewerofthem.

H）Thereason?Insteadofreceivingthestandardcaregiventolabanimals,the60%groupwas

watchedoverbyanewcomertothelabwho,Kelliwrites,“handledtheanimalsdifferently.When

shefedherrabbitsshetalkedtothemandpettedthem.Shedidn'tjustpassoutfood,shegavethem

love..Thestudiesindicatesomethingismissinginthetraditionalbiomedicalmodel.Itwasn'tdiet

orgeneticsthatmadeadifferenceinwhichrabbitsgotsickandwhichstayedhealthy.Itwas

kindness.n

I）AmidthepoliticalnoiseaboutObamacare,Medicare,Medicaid,healthinsuranceandthieving

pharmaceutical（醫(yī)藥的）companies,KlliHardingstandsapartfromthecrowdcallingforquick

fixes,thesimplerthebetter.Shehaswalkedtoomanymilesinthehallsofhospitalsvisitingtoo

manyfar-gonepatientsandseeingtoomanymedicalmistakestogoalongwithconventional

thinking.

J）“Therabbiteffect,"sheexplains,meansthaf'whenitcomestoourhealth,we'vebeenmissing

somecrucialpieces:hiddenfactorsbehindwhatreallymakesushealthy.Factorslikelove,

friendship,anddignity.Thedesignsofourneighborhoods,schools,andworkplaces.There'sa

socialdimensiontohealththatwe'vecompletelyoverlookedinoureffortstofindthebestand

mostcutting-edgemedicalcare...Ultimately,whataffectsourhealthinthemostmeaningfulways

hasmoretodowithhowwetreatoneanother,howwelive,andhowwethinkaboutwhatit

meanstobehumanthanwithanythingthathappensinthedoctor'soffice.'1

K）Inmorethanafewpassages,sherelatesthestoriesofmenandwomenwhocameupagainst

assembly-linemedicinewherepatientsweretreatedmostlyaspiecesofflesh."Clinically/she

writes,''"scommontoseetwopatientswiththesamecondition,suchasrecoveringfromaheart

attack,havetwoverydifferentcoursesbasedonseeminglyirrelevantfactors,suchastheirfamily

relationshipsortheireducationallevels.Inmypractice,thesickestpeopleIseeoftensharesimilar

backgrounds:loneli...s,abuse,poverty,ordiscrimination.Forthem,themedicalmodelisn*t

enough.ICslikefixingupanairplaneengineandignoringthatthepilotisonhisthirddrinkatthe

barandamassivestormisoverhead.Toproperlycareforpatients,wealsoneedtocareaboutthe

livesofthepeoplegettingthecare.

L）Kelliwastesnotimetakingpotshotsat（隨意批評）themedicalestablishmentanditsbody-

centeredbiomedicinemethods.Instead,sheremainspositive,holdingupforpraiseoneofher

medicalschoolprofessors,GeorgeEngel,“whoalwaysnoticednotjustapatientsphysical

conditionbutlittledetailsaboutherlife,suchasifshehadfamilypicturesupinherhospitalroom

orflowersdelivered.Hewasthekindoftrusteddoctoryou'dfeelrelievedtoseeandwelcome

intotheroomwithasickfamilymember.He'dsitdowntotalkwiththepatientnotjustabout

medicalproblems,butaboutherlifeandpriorities.Hebuiltalargeconsultationservicetoaddress

theholistic（整體的）needsofhospitalizedpatients,includingpsychologicalandsocialfactors.

M)It*saguesshowmanyGeorgeEngelsintheirwhitejacketsareatworkthesedaysandanother

speculationonthenumberofKelliHardingsthenationisblessedwith.Maythetotalsbelargeand

gettinglarger.

36.KelliHardingalsodistinguishesherselfbyherliterarytalent.

37.KelliHardingdoesn'tthinkAmerica'smedicalmodelissufficientforpatientswhoneedhelp

most.

38.KelliHardingdiffersfromthoseseekingquickandsimplesolutionstoAmerica'smedical

problems.

39.KelliHardingwasaparticipantinasummercoursetheauthortaught.

40.AccordingtoKelliHarding,scientificadvanceshavenotmadeAmericanshealthier,nor

prolongedtheirlife.

41.TheauthorwasdeeplymovedbywhatKelliHardingwroteabouthercurrentlife.

42.GeorgeEngel,intreatinghispatients,notonlylooksintotheirsymptomsbutalsointothings

liketheemotionalsupporttheyreceive.

43.AccordingtoKelliHarding,rabbits*healthhadmoretodowithhumans'kindnesstothemthan

theirdietorgenetics.

44.WhatKelliHardingwentthroughinWashingtonchangedherlife.

45.Asocialaspecttohealthhasnotbeentakenintoaccountintryingtoprovidethebestmedical

care.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Academicdishonestyisnothingnew.Aslongastherehavebeenhomeworkassignmentsand

tests,therehavebeencheaters.Thewaythatcheatinglookshaschangedovertime,though,

particularlynowthattechnologyhasmadeiteasierthanever.AstudybytheJosephsonInstituteof

Ethicsinterviewed23,000highschoolstudentsandaskedthemavarietyofquestionsabout

academicethics.Oftheteenssurveyed,51percentsaidthattheyhadknowinglycheatedatsome

pointonanexambutthattheydidnotfeeluneasyaboutthebehaviour.ACommonSenseMedia

surveyfoundthat35percentofstudentshadcheatedviasmartphone,thoughtheparentssurveyed

inthatparticularstudydidnotbelievetheirkidshadevercheated.Inmanycases,studentsdidnot

realizethatstrategieslikelookingupanswersonasmartphonewereactuallycheatingatall.

Intoday*sclassrooms,studentswhocheatarerarelycaught.Therearenoformulaswritten

ontheinsidesofhandsorstudentslookingacrosstheaisle,orwhisperinganswerstotheir

classmates.Today*sstudentsusesmartphones,tabletsorevenin-classcomputerstoaidtheir

cheatingattemptsandleavenotraceoftheircrimes.Sincecheatingthroughtechnologyisnot

listedspecificallyasbeingagainsttherulesinmanyschoolpolicies,studentsdonotviewthe

actionsunethical.

Thetechnologyisbeingadoptedsoquicklythatschooldistrictscannotadequatelykeepup

withcheatingpolicies,orevenawarenesscampaignsthatalertstudentstotheproblemwithusing

technologytofindanswersinacertainway.Fromayoungage,studentslearnthatanswersexist

convenientlyattheirfingertipsthroughsearchenginesandexpertwebsites.

Schoolsmustdevelopanticheatingpoliciesthatincludetechnologyandthesepoliciesmust

beupdatedconsistently.Teachersmuststayonguardwhenitcomestowhattheirstudentsare

doinginclassroomsandhowtechnologycouldbeplayinganegativeroleinthelearningprocess

Parentsmustalsotalktotheirkidsabouttheappropriatewaystofindacademicanswersandalert

themtounethicalbehavioursthatmayseeminnocentintheirowneyes.

46.WhatdowelearnfromthestudybytheJosephsonInstituteofEthics?

A)Overhalfofthestudentsinterviewedwereunawaretheywerecheating.

B)Cheatingwasbecomingawayoflifeforamajorityofhighschoolteens.

C)Morethanhalfoftheintervieweesfeltnosenseofguiltovercheating.

D)Cheatingwasgettingmoreandmoredifficultforhighschoolstudents.

47.WhatdidtheCommonSenseMediasurveyreveal?

A)Mostparentstendedtooverprotecttheirchildren.

B)Manystudentscommittedcheatingunknowingly.

C)Studentswereinurgentneedofethicaleducation.

D)Parentsandkidshadconflictingideasovercheating.

48.Whydostudentsrarelygetcaughtcheatingnowadays?

A)Theycopyformulasontheirpalms.

B)Theyhelpeachothertocoveruptheiracts.

C)Theykeepchangingtheirwaysofcheating.

D)Theymakeuseofmoderntechnology.

49.Whatdoestheauthorthinkschoolsshoulddototacklecheating?

A)Bringpoliciesagainstcheatinguptodate.

B)Reformtheirexammethodsconstantly.

C)Takeadvantageofthelatesttechnologies.

D)Alertparentstotheirchildren'sbehaviour.

50.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestteachersdointheclassroom?

A)Preventstudentsfromoverusingelectronicdevices.

B)Developmoreeffectiveanti-cheatingstrategies.

C)Findmorewaystocurbstudents1unethicalacts.

D)Guardagainststudents1misuseoftechnology.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Remoteworkisaboutmorethanjustworkingfromhome—itmeansworkingdifferently.

Organizationsshouldreconsidertheappropriatenessoftheirperformanceevaluationproceduresin

lightoftheshifttoremotework.Thisrequiresafundamentalrethinkingofwhatorganizations

expectfromemployeesandwhatcompanieswouldlookforinamodelemployeeinaremote

workcontext.

Itislikelythatthe4<firsttoarriveandlasttoleave"mentalityisnolongerrelevant,butshould

bereplacedbyaregardforthequalityofanemployee*scontributiontotheorganization.This

meansthatworkshouldbemeasuredintermsofthequalityofthework,notjustthequalityofthe

process.Asremoteworkislargelyunobservabletosupervisors,employersneedtothinkabout

howtheycanobjectivelymeasurethequalityofworkinawaythatisconsistentforemployeesof

similarrank.

Focusingonoutputalonecanhaveunintendedconsequences.Employersshouldthinkinstead

aboutthevaluesandsoftskillstheywanttoemphasizeinaremoteworkenvironment.Qualities

likeflexibilityandtheabilitytoworkunderminimalsupervisionmightbecomecritical.

Muchhasbeenwrittenabouttheimportanceoftimelyfeedback.Inthecontextofaglobal

pandemic(大流彳亍病)，firmsmaywanttoprovideadditionalsupporttoemployeesbyproviding

morefrequentcommunication.Thisallowsmanagerstobothkeepaneyeonstrugglingemployees

andprovideongoingfeedbackonhowemployeesareadaptingtotheirnewworkenvironment.

Compensationalsoneedstoberevisited.Thepurposeofperformanceevaluationis

ultimatelytodeterminehowtorewardemployeesfortheirwork.Thismeansthatpaystructures

needtoadapttotherealityofworkingfromhome.However,organizationsalsoneedtobehonest

withemployeesaboutthefinancialimpactofCOVID-19.

Fororganizationsthathavestruggledtokeepthelightsonduetothepandemic,thismight

meanthinkingofnon-financialwaystorewardemployees,likeunpaidtimeofforflexiblework

schedules.Employerscanalsoconsiderhowtobundledifferenttypesofcompensationtohelp

employeescopewiththeiruniquesituations.

51.Whatdoestheauthorsaycompaniesshoulddointhecontextofremotework?

A)Reformperformanceevaluation.

C)Reexamineitseffectsonemployees'behaviors.

B)Rethinktheorganizationalfundamentals.

D)Reflectonitsdifferencesfromworkingintheoffice.

52.Whatshouldbeprioritizedinassessingemployees*remotework?

A)Thequantityoftheiroutput.C)Thequalityoftheircontribution.

B)Thelengthoftheirworktime.D)Theflexibilityoftheirworkschedules.

53.Whatqualityintheemployeeswouldbeofgreatimportanceinaremoteworkcontext?

A)Theabilitytoproducequalitywork.

B)Theabilitytomaximizeworkefficiency.

C)Theabilitytofinishtasksinatimelymanner.

D)Theabilitytoworkwiththeleastsupe