山東名?？荚嚶?lián)盟高三年級下學(xué)期開學(xué)聯(lián)考第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASomebridgesaresuspendedatdizzyheights,othersstretchformiles.Takealookatsomeoftheworld'sgreatestbridges.THEMOSTTERRIFYING——ZhangjiajieGlassBridgeIfyou'reafraidofheights,youmightnotwanttowalkalongtheZhangjiajieGlassBridgeincentralChina,whichistheworld'slongestandhighestglassbridge.Itissuspended300metresabovetheground,andwalkerscanseethesheer(陡峭的)dropbelowastheywalkover99glasspanels.TheterrifyingstructurewaspletedinDecember2015andcostaround￡2.6milliontobuild.Howsafeisit?Totestit,Chineseofficialsstruckthebridgewithhammersanddroveacaroverit.THETILTING(傾斜的)BRIDGE——GatesheadMillenniumBridgeTheGatesheadMillenniumBridgeinthenortheastofEnglandistheworld'sfirsttiltingbridge.Atiltingbridgeisamovingbridgethatusesmotorstoliftthearchingstructure——ratherthanopeninginthemiddleandliftinguplikeadrawbridge——toallowshipstopassunderneath.Ithaseightmotorsandcantiltatabout40°infourandahalfminutes,makingitamostextraordinaryonethroughouttheworld.Openedtothepublicin2001,thebridgespanstheRiverTyne.THELONGESTBRIDGE——DanyangKunshanGrandBridgeAtanenormous102miles,DanyangKunshanGrandBridgeinChinaistheworld'slongestbridge.ItsspanisthesameasthedistancefromBirminghamtoLondon,andittookaworkforceof10,000peoplefouryearstopleteit.Around450,000tonsofsteelwasusedinitsconstruction,anditissostablethatitcanstand8magnitudeearthquakesorbeinghitbya300,000tonship.Itcanevencopewiththepowerofastrongtyphoon.1.WhyisZhangjiajieGlassBridgethemostterrifyingbridge?A.Itismadeofglass.B.Itisthelongestbridge.C.Ittowershighinthesky.D.Itstandshammerhitting.2.WhatisspecialoftheGatesheadMillenniumBridge?A.Itistheworld'sfirstmovingbridge.B.Itcanopeninthemiddleandliftup.C.Itcoststonsofsteelintheconstruction.D.Ituses8motorstotiltinafewminutes.3.Whatdothesethreebridgeshaveinmon?A.Theytookmillionstoplete.B.Theyspananastonishinglength.C.Theyarethewondersofengineering.D.Theyarethestablestbridgesintheworld.BIn2014,anartstudentfromuniversitywenttoBeijingZoo.Littledidheknowthatachanceencounterwithcorals(珊瑚)therewouldstartalifelongpassion.Untiltoday,XuYitang,aBeijingnative,hassettledinHainanprovince,whereheservesasacoralconservationist.ForXu,whohadbeenstudyingPekingOperasincechildhood,beingacoralconservationistwasanunexpectedturnofevents.Afterhefirstsawcoralsatthezoo,hebegantofrequentthelocalmarkettolearnaboutcoralfarmingfromsellersofcoralproducts.Healsolearneddivingandunderwaterphotographytogetacloserlookatcoralsforresearchpurposes.Eachday,hespendsseveralhoursdivingdeepunderthewavestoobserveanddocumentthegrowthanddevelopmentofthecreaturesandsharesphotosandvideosofcoralsonsocialmediaplatforms.Hisgoalwastoraiseawarenessandknowledgeaboutcorals,sothatpeoplecanlearnhowtoprotectthemeffectively.Ashestudieddeeperintothecreature,helearnedthatcoralsareknownas“underwatergardens”oftheocean,providingahomeforaquarterofalloceanlife.Unfortunately,withthestrengtheningofthegreenhouseeffect,risingseatemperatureshaveledtocoralbleaching(白化).Xufeltanincreasingsenseofurgencyandresponsibilitytoprotectthem.Whilepursuinghispassiontoprotectcorals,hemethislifepartner,LiuXiwen,throughtheirsharedhobbyofdivinginHainan.“Unlikemanyyoungpeoplewhocareabouttheirdressandappearance,heissimplyfocusedonprotectingcorals,”saysLiuaboutXu.“Despitehisskininjuryfromspendinglonghoursintheseawater,hisattitudeisdifferentfromwhatI'veseeninmostyoungpeopleinBeijing,andit'sattractivetome.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutXuYitangfromthefirstparagraph?A.Hemajoredincoralprotection.B.HewasborninHainanprovince.C.HeworkedinBeijingasacoralexpert.D.Hefoundhisloveforcoralsbychance.5.WhydoesXuYitangsharephotosandvideosofcoralsonsocialmedia?A.Torecordhisexploringprocess.B.Tospreadknowledgeaboutcorals.C.Tointroducehisdivingexperience.D.Toshowoffhisphotographyability.6.Whatcontributedtothecoralbleaching?A.Thepollutionofoceanenvironment.B.Thedevelopmentofoceanfarming.C.Thedamagetounderwatergardens.D.Theincreaseinoceantemperatures.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesXuYitang?A.Emotional.B.Devoted.C.Publicspirited.D.Curiositydriven.CTropical(熱帶的)forestscouldbeesohotthatsomekindsofleaveswillnolongerbeabletoconductphotosynthesis(光合作用),accordingtoastudy.Thephotosyntheticmachineryintropicaltreesbeginstofailatabout46.7℃onaverage.Theresearchsuggeststhatforestsmaybenearingdangeroustemperaturesoonerthanexpected.Modelspredictthatoncewehitaglobaltemperatureincreaseof3.9℃,theseforestsmightexperiencemassleafdamage.ChrisDoughty,anassociateprofessoratNorthernArizonaUniversityandtheleadresearcherofthestudy,saidtheleafwarmingexperimentshadrevealedanonlinearriseintemperatures.“Wewerereallysurprisedthatwhenwewarmedleavesby2,3or4℃,thehighestleaftemperaturesactuallyincreasedby8℃.Thisshowsaconcerningnonlinearfeedbackthatwewerenotexpecting.”saidDoughty.“Ifweadoptadonothingresponsetoclimatechangeandtropicalforestairtemperaturesincreasebygreaterthan4℃,therecouldbemassiveleafdeath.”headded.Avoidinghighemissions(排放)inthefirstplaceiskeytostabilizingtemperatures.“Weshoulddoallwecantoavoidhighemissions.Underlowemissions,almostalltropicalforesttreeleavescanavoiddeathfromoverheatingandthetreeswillsurvive,”saidSimonLewis,aprofessorofglobalchangescienceatUniversityCollegeLondon.“Yetwhatthestudydoesn'tlookatisheatwaves.Westillmightseetreedeathsfromoverheatingforlimitedperiodsduringheatwavesunderloweremissions.”Researcherssuggestthatthedamageisnotyetunchanged.“Voteforpeoplewhoareseriousaboutaddressingclimatechangeandtransferringtolowcarboneconomies,”Disney,oneresearcher,advocated.Moregenerally,wecanallrecognizetheimportanceofsupportingthosecountriesandpeoplewholiveinandrelyontropicalforestseconomically,Buttheseriouschangestotropicalforestsdon'tjustaffectthelocalpeopleit'saglobalissue.8.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“nonlinear”inParagraph2?A.Global.B.Dramatic.C.Steady.D.Minor.9.Whatismostcrucialinkeepingtemperaturesstable?A.Plantingmoretrees.B.Exploringheatwaves.C.Conductingresearches.D.Pursuinglowemissions.10.WhatwasDisney'ssuggestioninthelastparagraph?A.Promotingglobalefforts.B.Seekingeconomicsupport.C.Helpingtropicalcountries.D.Boostinglowcarboneducation.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Globalwarmingharmstrees.B.Tropicalforestslosefunctions.C.Tropicalleavesstruggleinheat.D.Forestsneardangeroustemperature.DDementia(癡呆),aseriousmentaldisordercausedbybraindiseaseorinjury,affectstheabilitytothink,rememberandbehavenormally.160,000peoplehavesomeformsofdementiainSweden,Alzheimer'sdiseasebeingthemostmon.Atthesametime,manynewdiagnostic(診斷的)methodsandearlyinterventiontreatmenthavebeendevelopedinrecentyears,whichhighlightstheneedtoidentifymoreriskfactorsforthedisease.Previousstudieshavedemonstratedapossibleassociationbetweendepressionanddementia.ApresentstudynowclearlyshowsthatpeoplewhohavebeendiagnosedwithdepressionaremorelikelytobediagnosedwithAlzheimer'sdisease.Unlikethepreviousones,thestudywasconductedusingRegionStockholm'sadministrativehealthcaredatabase,whichcontainsallhealthcarecontactsrecordedbytheregion.ItshowsthattheriskofAlzheimer'sdiseasewasmorethantwiceashighinpatientswithstressandinpatientswithdepressionasitwasinpatientswithouteithercondition;inpatientswithbothdepressionitwasuptofourtimesashigh.“Thereasonforitisunknown,”saysthestudy'slastauthorAxelC.Carlsson.“Thefindingisimportantinthatitenablesustoimprovepreventativeeffortsandunderstandlinkswiththeotherriskfactorsfordementia.Theresearchersfocusedonpatientsbetweentheagesof18and65andbetween2012and2013.Theyidentified44,447peoplewithadiagnosisofdepressionandfollowedthemforeightyearstoseehowmanyofthemwerelaterdiagnosedwithAlzheimer'sdisease.Aparisonwithallother1,362,548individualsintheagegroupshowedthatmorepeoplewithdepressionhadalsobeendiagnosedwithAlzheimer'sdisease.“It'sveryunmonforpeopleinthisagegrouptodevelopdementia,soweneedtoidentifyallpossibleriskfactorsforthedisease,”saysDrCarlsson.“Weshowherethatthediagnosisismoremoninpeoplewhohavesuffereddepression,butmorestudieswillberequiredifwe'retodemonstrateanyreasonthere.12.Whatdothepreviousstudiesandthepresentonedifferin?A.Thetarget.B.Themethod.C.Thepurpose.D.Thetheory.13.Whyisthenewfindingimportant?A.Itclarifiestheconditionofdementia.B.Itmakescleartherisksofdepression.C.Itconfirmsthepreviousstudyfinding.D.Ithelpswiththedementiaprevention.14.WhatisParagraph4mainlyaboutconcerningthestudy?A.Itsprocess.B.Itsbackground.C.Itsapplication.D.Itsassessment.15.Whatmaythefollowupstudiesfocuson?A.WhydementiaspreadswideinSweden.B.Whatlinksexistamongmentaldiseases.C.Howdepressionconnectswithdementia.D.Whatotherriskfactorsleadtodementia.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheJoysofCollegeOften,wecollegestudentsplainendlesslyaboutallofthethingswehateaboutcollege.Andsure,collegeisreallystressfulandtherearesomeaspectsIdon'tlike.16ThefirstthingItrulyenjoyaboutbeingacollegestudentisthatIgettotakeclassesthatactuallyinterestme.17Incollege,learningdoesn'tfeellikeachore(苦差事)tomeanymorebecauseIactuallygettodesignmyscheduletomyinterests.Themunityattheuniversityisalsoveryimportanttome.Weareallsufferingherebutweareallsufferingtogether.18IknowIcanplaintoanyfellowcollegestudentaboutthestressmyassignmentsarecausingandtheywillalwaysunderstand.19Thecampusparties,holidaymarkets,andconcertsgiveussomethingtolookforwardtoaswestruggleourwaythroughourclasses.Andavarietyofclubactivities——liketheCampusTimes——makecollegelifeallthemoreexciting.Theuniversitypresentsuswithsomanyuniqueopportunitiesaswell.Weareencouragedtostudyabroad,whichallowsstudentstoexperiencestudentlifeinanothercountryanddiveintootherculturesintheprocess.20Studentsmaybeevenlandajobpriortograduation.Soalthoughtherearealotofnegativesofcollege——andImeanalot——therearealsoalotofpositives.IknowthatwhenIgraduate,I'mgoingtomissbeingacollegestudent.A.Afterall,collegecanbeverydemanding.B.Thefunactivitiesandclubsarealsoaplus.C.Butforonce,I'dliketofocusonthepositives.D.Here,therearesomanydifferentfieldstostudy.E.Additionally,beingatraineeisagreatwaytogetexperience.F.Thecollegeexperiencecangetbearableduetothismunity.G.Itisn'tlikehighschoolwhereyou'rerequiredtotakethesameclasses.第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D.四個選項(xiàng)選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。BrianTracyisaveryfamousCanadianbornmotivationalspeaker,anditissafeenoughtosaythatheisoneofthebestonesoutthere.Brianis21goodatthefieldsofpublicspeaking,leadershipandsuccesspsychology.22,itdidnotbeginforBrianlikethat,ashewasthetroublemakerofthefamily.BrianTracywasborninCanadain1944and23intheUnitedStates.Hisearlychildhoodwasspentinmanylocations,includingIllinois,Wisconsin,MinnesotaandCalifornia.Hisfamily24frequentlyandhewasofteninanewschool.Hismotherwasa25singleparentwhohelddownthreejobsto26thefamily.Inhischildhood,hefellinlovewithreading,whichbroughthimgreat27andhelpedhimgothroughthesetoughyears.Tracyread28books,includingbiographies(傳記)andbooksonsuccess,personaldevelopmentandhistory.Hisreadinggavehiman29thatwasfarbeyondhisyears.Althoughhislifewasfullof30,Tracy'soptimismanddeterminationeventually31hissuccess.Hisearlychildhoodexperiences32hisbeliefsandvalues,andhe33themtohislaterlifeandcareer.Hisdeedsareaninspirationtomanypeopleintroubleandhehasonemainmessageforeveryoneoutthere,“Ibelievethrough34andtheapplicationofwhatyouhavelearned,youcan35anyobstacleandachieveanygoalthatyousetforyourself.”21.A.obviouslyB.generallyC.occasionallyD.extremely22.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Otherwise23.A.raisedB.adoptedC.acknowledgedD.noted24.A.movedB.escapedC.exchangedD.quarreled25.A.confidentB.hardworkingC.cautiousD.patient26.A.buildB.assistC.saveD.support27.A.nameB.confusionC.delightD.attention28.A.variousB.bestsellingC.similarD.special29.A.insightB.opinionC.experienceD.achievement30.A.chancesB.risksC.hardshipsD.threats31.A.heldbackB.resultedfromC.turnedoverD.contributedto32.A.ruinedB.weakenedC.shapedD.reflected33.A.transformedB.appliedC.exposedD.reached34.A.practicingB.learningC.seekingD.creating35.A.overeB.poseC.hitD.encounter第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Silk,akindoflight,delicateandsoftfabric,haspusheditswaythroughoutChina'shistory.Onecannotbecertainofitsorigin,buttheancientChinesepeoplecreditedtheirownwisdom36Leizu,thewifeoftheYellowEmperor,asthe37(invent)ofsericulture(養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)).Amongthevariousstylesandmaterialsofsilk,NanjingYunjinisafancyfabricoften38(use)forroyalcostumes,representingChina'shighestlevelofsilkknitting(編織)technique.Yunjinisbestmadebyhandinaplexprocedure,39consistsofmorethanahundredsteps.Eventhemostskilledcraftsmencanonlyknitafewcentimetersaday.Time,patience40skillfulnessallplaycriticalrolesinitsrarebeauty.IntheWesternHanDynasty,explorerZhangQian41(open)uptheroutestothewesternregions.Silk,42(play)acriticalroleintheancientroutes,beautifiedcountriesinCentralAsiaandthenotherpartsofEurasiaandbeyond.InthehandsofChineseartists,the43(thin)threadscanknitenormouspossibilities,andthesoftestmaterialcanpassthroughthousandsofyears.Asoneofthemany44(wonder)ofancientChina,silkisnotmerelyatypeoffabric.Itisaculturalsymbolaswellas45expressionofelegance.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是校英語話劇社負(fù)責(zé)人李華，請給外教Caroline寫郵件邀請她擔(dān)任話劇比賽評委。內(nèi)容包括：1.比賽簡介;2.評委工作。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右：2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearCaroline,Yourssincerely.LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItwasasunkissedspringafternoonalongthebeautifulMarylandcoast,an