高一英語競賽題一、閱讀（共兩節(jié)共50分）第一節(jié)（每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIfyoureallywanttoenjoywhatBermudahastooffer,cruising(乘船游覽)thereisthewaytogo.Notonlyisitfun,itisalsoaffordable.It’sadvisabletoeinsummer(MidMayAugust).BOOKINGYOURCRUISEMosttouristsprefersmallcruiselinesthatdockindowntownHamilton.It’sanidealdestinationsinceit’srightonFrontStreet,fromwhereyoucaneasilygettoHamilton,thecapitalofBermuda,andotherpartsoftheisland.LargecruiselinesdockatRoyalNavyDockyard,whichisinconvenientlysituatedatthefarwesternendoftheIsland.TRANSPORTATIONGettingoffasmallcruise,youcaneasilygotoHamiltonandotherplacesbybus.FromRoyalNavyDockyard,youcantakeabus,ataxioraboat.Themostsavingwayoftravellingaroundisbybuyingaday’spass.Youwillenjoyunlimitedtransportationservicesusinganypublicmeans.ATTRACTIONSTheBermudaCaves(洞穴)Thisisapopularattractionthatyouhavetotour.Anyonewholovestoexplorecaveswilldefinitelyenjoythisplace.You’dbetterwearsportsshoesassomecavesareabitwetandslippery.BeachesofBermudaYourtriptoBermudaissurelyinpletewithoutspendingsometimeattheamazingpinksandbeaches.TryTobaccoBayandHorseshoeBay,whicharesuitableforfamilyvisits.Bermudaistheworld’smostfamousshipwreck(SeaGlassIfyouwanttopasstimedoingsomethingforfun,headstraighttotheAlexanderbatterybeachtocollectlotsofseaglass.1.WhenisthebesttimetocruiseBermuda?A.April. B.July. C.October. D.November.2.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestatouristdo?A.Buyaday’spasstotravelaroundtheisland.B.BookasmallshipatRoyalNavyDockyard.C.Keepawayfromthecrowdedbeaches.D.CollectseaglassatHorseshoe3.Whatismostlikelytobeanadventurer’sdreamaboutBermuda?A.Exploringthefareasternendoftheisland.B.Takingabustovisitthecapitalcity.C.Divingtodiscoversunkenships.D.WalkingintheBermuda【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇運用文。文章介紹了游玩Bermuda的須知，介紹了Bermuda的一些旅游景點?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段It’sadvisabletoeinsummer(MidMayAugust).可知，乘坐游艇最佳時間是5月中旬至8月。故選B項。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TRANSPORTATION部分中的Themostsavingwayoftravellingaroundisbybuyingaday’spass.可知，最省錢的旅行方式是買一天的通行證。由此可知，作者建議游客買一天的通行證在島上游覽。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)BeachesofBermuda部分中的Bermudaistheworld’smostfamousshipwreck(沉船)site.Ifyou’reagooddiver,therearetoomanyshipwreckswaitingtobediscovered.可知，百慕大是世界上最著名的海難遺址。如果你是個潛水高手，有太多沉船等著你去發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此推知，潛水發(fā)現(xiàn)沉船很可能是冒險家們在百慕大的夢想。故選C項。BImagineacatthatdoesnotneedsomeonetocleanupafteritkeepsanolderpeoplepanyandhelpsthemremembertotaketheirmedicine.ThatistheshareddreamofthetoymakerHasbroandscientistsatBrownUniversityinProvidence,Thecathasalreadybeenforsalefortwoyears.Thoughpricedatover1,000dollars,itsoldquitewell.Itwasmeanttoactasa“panion”(陪伴)forolderpeople.Nowtheprojectisaimedatdevelopingadditionalabilitiesforthecat.Researchersareworkingtodecidewhichactivitiesolderadultsmayneedthemost.Theyhopetomakethecatperformasmallnumberofactivitiesverywell.Suchactivitiesincludefindinglostobjectsandremindingtheolderpeopletotakemedicineorvisittheirdoctor.Theyalsowanttokeepthecostdowntojustafewhundreddollars.Itisanideathathasappealed(有吸引力)toJeanneElliott.Her93yearoldmotherMaryDerrliveswithherinSouthKingstown.Derrhasdementia(癡呆).TheJoyforAllcatthatElliotboughtthisyearhasbeeatruepanionforDerr.ThecatstayswithDerrandkeepsherrelaxedwhileElliottisatwork.Elliotsaidaroboticcatthathelpshermothertoremembertotakehermedicineandbecarefulwhenshewalkswouldbegreater.Theresearchersaretryingtolearnhowtheimprovedcatswillpletehelpfulactivitiesandhowtheywillmunicate.Theysaythattheydonotwantatalkingcat,however.Insteadtheyaretryingtodesignacatthatcanmoveitsheadinaspecialwaytosuccessfullymunicateitsmessage.Intheend,theyhopetocreateanexchangebetweenthehumanandthecatinwhichthehumanfeelsthecatneedsthem.Bydoingso,theresearchershopetheycanevenhelppreventfeelingsoflonelinessandsadnessamongelderlypeople.4.What’sthepurposeoftheproject?A.Toreducethepainoftheelderly.B.Toincreasethesalesofamedicine.C.Tohelpmaketheroboticcatsmarter.D.Toinventaroboticcatfortheelderly.5.Whatcanweknowaboutthecat?A.Itwillbeonsaleintwoyears.B.Itmaybecheaperinthefuture.C.Itsabilitieswillbemadesimplerfortheelderly.D.Itcantelltheactivitiesthatolderadultsneedthemost.6.WhatdoestheexampleinParagraph3show?A.Thecatgivesmuchhelptotheelderly.B.Thecatworkswelltotalkwiththepatient.C.Thecatcanmakethedementiapatientlesspainful.D.Thecatshouldbedesignedtosatisfypatients’need.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Eachfamilycanaffordsuchacatinthefuture.B.Atalkingcatisquitepopularamongtheelderly.C.Feelingsofsadnessamongtheelderlyareunavoidable.D.Thefeelingofbeingneededisimportanttotheelderly.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹一款人工智能機器貓，可以給老人提供更多的幫助并且讓人感到貓也需要他們，甚至可以幫助防止老年人感到孤獨和悲傷?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Nowtheprojectisaimedatdevelopingadditionalabilitiesforthecat.”現(xiàn)在這個項目的目標(biāo)是開發(fā)貓的額外能力?？芍@個項目的目的就是讓機器貓更智能，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“Theyalsowanttokeepthecostdowntojustafewhundreddollars.”他們還想把成本控制在幾百美元以內(nèi)?？芍磥頇C器貓可能會更便宜些，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“TheJoyforAllcatthatElliotboughtthisyearhasbeeatruepanionforDerr.ThecatstayswithDerrandkeepsherrelaxedwhileElliottisatwork.Elliotsaidaroboticcatthathelpshermothertoremembertotakehermedicineandbecarefulwhenshewalkswouldbegreater.”Elliot今年買的貓已經(jīng)成為Derr真正的伙伴。Elliot工作時，這只貓和Derr呆在一起，讓她放松。Elliot說，如果有一只機器貓能幫她媽媽記住吃藥，并在她走路時提醒當(dāng)心?？芍e例說明貓可以給老人提供更多幫助，故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“Intheend,theyhopetocreateanexchangebetweenthehumanandthecatinwhichthehumanfeelsthecatneedsthem.Bydoingso,theresearchershopetheycanevenhelppreventfeelingsoflonelinessandsadnessamongelderlypeople.”最后，他們希望在人和貓之間創(chuàng)造一種交流，在這種交流中，人感到貓需要他們。通過這樣做，研究人員希望他們甚至可以幫助防止老年人感到孤獨和悲傷?？芍獙τ诶先吮恍枰母杏X很重要，故選D?！军c睛】推斷判斷題就是推斷隱含意義，根據(jù)文章的某個句子、段落或全文所提供的事實進行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到、沒有明說或者可能發(fā)生的事實。推理判斷題的題干特點：推斷隱含意義的題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語。常見的題干形式如下：?We?can?know?from?the?passage?that...；?We?can?infer?from?the?（first/last）?passage?that...?；The?passage/author?implies/suggests?that?...；It?can?be?concluded?from?the?passage?that?...?；The?underlined?sentence?indicates?that?...等等，它的主要解題方法就是找到推理的依據(jù)，然后理解相關(guān)信息點的字面意義，最后結(jié)合語境和常識，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進行符合邏輯的推斷，從而得到作者的言外之意。如小題4就是明顯的推理判斷題，我們結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容，說他們希望在人和貓之間創(chuàng)造一種交流，在這種交流中，人感到貓需要他們。可以推斷出老人被需要的感覺很重要，故選D。CHelpHermitCrabsHermitcrabsarenature'srecyclers.Theyeatwasteandhelpkeepoceansandshoresclean.Unlikeothercrabs，thehermitcrabhasathinoutershelloveritssofttail.Thismakesthehermitcrabeasypreyforhungrypredators(天敵).Hermitcrabsstaysafebylivinginoldseashells.Ahermitcrabispicky(狡猾);ittriesonmanyshellsuntilitfindsonethatfitsjustright.Inrecentyears，however，manyhermitcrabshavehadtroublefindingtheirperfecthomes.WhatistheproblemsTherearenotenoughshellstogoaround!Onereasonfortheseashellshortageisthatoceanwaterisnotascleanasitoncewas.Thishascausedchemicalchangestoseawater.Someseaanimals，likesnails，areaffectedbythesechanges.Nowtherearefewersnailsmakingshells.Peoplevisitingthebeachoftentakeshellshomeassouvenirs(紀(jì)念品).Thisisanotherproblem.Otherpeopleeventakeshellsfortheirownpethermitcrabs!Theydonotrealizethathermitcrabsinthewildneedthoseshellstoo.Nowpeopleareworkingtosolvethishermitcrabhousingshortage.TheyareteachingbeachBoerstoleaveseashellswheretheybelongattheseashore!Somepeopleevenmakefakeseashellsthattheyhopethehermitcrabswilllike.Forexample，agroupcalledProjectShelterinvitedpeoplewhovisitedtheirwebsitetocreatedifferentdesignsforhermitcrabshells.Thesedesignershadalottoconsider.Whatkindofmaterialshouldbeusedtobuildaseashells.Thematerialmustbelightenoughforthehermitcrabtocarry，butstrongenoughtoprotectthecrabfrompredators.Themanmadeshellscouldnotcontainglueoranyothersubstance(物質(zhì))thatmightharmahermitcrab.Anotherchallengewithbuildingahermitcrabhomewastheopeningtotheshell.Toobigwouldmeanthecrabwouldnotfeelsafe.Toosmallwouldbeunfortable，andthecrabwouldnotwanttomovein.TheProjectSheltershellsareplacedinthewildforhermitcrabstofind.Luckyhermitcrabscanmoveintothesenewdreamhomes.8.Wherecanhermitcrabsstaysafe?A.Indifferentoldseashells. B.Behindthewastethey'lleat.C.Intheirownthinoutershells. D.Underthestonesattheseashore.9.Accordingtothepassage，whatshouldbeputinthewebs?A.Themethodstorecyclethewastes. B.Thewaystohelpthehermitcrabs.C.Thematerialsofseashells. D.Thedesignsofwebsites.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fake"inPara.3mean?A.manmade B.perfectC.hard D.fortable11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheProjectShelterGroup. B.Theshortageoftheseashell.C.Newhomesforhermitcrabs. D.Therecyclersofthenature.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是寄居蟹生存的貝殼越來越少是現(xiàn)狀及人類努力為它們建的新家?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Hermitcrabsstaysafebylivinginoldseashells.可知，寄居蟹在不同的古老貝殼中安身。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章結(jié)構(gòu)是先提出問題——寄居蟹的家園日益減少；然后分析原因；下面就應(yīng)該是想辦法解決問題。根據(jù)第三段中Nowpeopleareworkingtosolvethishermitcrabhousingshortage.TheyareteachingbeachBoerstoleaveseashellswheretheybelongattheseashore!Somepeopleevenmakefakeseashellsthattheyhopethehermitcrabswilllike.可知，“幫助寄居蟹的方法”應(yīng)該被放在框架里。故選B?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中Forexample，agroupcalledProjectShelterinvitedpeoplewhovisitedtheirwebsitetocreatedifferentdesignsforhermitcrabshells.“例如,一個叫做ProjectShelter組織邀請訪問過他們網(wǎng)站的人們?yōu)殡[士蟹殼創(chuàng)建不同的設(shè)計?！庇纱送浦猄omepeopleevenmakefakeseashellsthattheyhopethehermitcrabswilllike.“有些人甚至制作假貝殼，希望寄居蟹會喜歡?！薄癴ake”的意思是“假的，人造的”。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段TheProjectSheltershellsareplacedinthewildforhermitcrabstofind.Luckyhermitcrabscanmoveintothesenewdreamhomes.可知，本文講述的是寄居蟹的新家。故選C?！军c睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達作者觀點態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞)。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點時，務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。本題第4小題，根據(jù)最后一段TheProjectSheltershellsareplacedinthewildforhermitcrabstofind.Luckyhermitcrabscanmoveintothesenewdreamhomes.可知，本文講述的是寄居蟹的新家。故選C。DLearningasecondlanguageistoughatanyage.Now,inanewstudy,scientisthavefoundouttheexactageafterwhichyourchancesofreachingfluency（流利）inasecondlanguageseemtoplummet:10.ThestudypublishedinthejournalCognition,foundthatit's"nearlyimpossible"forlanguagelearnerstoreachnativelevel（母語水平）fluencyiftheystartlearningasecondlanguageafterage10."Itturnsoutyou'restilllearningfast,"saysstudycoauthorJoshuaHartshorne."It'sjustthatyourunoutoftime,becauseyourabilitytolearnstartsdroppingataround17or18yearsold,"Peoplewhostartafewyearsafterage10maystillbeequitegoodatalanguage,theauthorssay,buttheyareunlikelytobeefluent.Kidsmaybebetterthanadultsatlearningnewlanguagesformanyreasons.Children'sbrainsaremoreplasticthanthoseofadults,meaningthey'rebetterabletoadaptandrespondtonewinformation.Kidsmayalsobemorewillingtotrynewthingsthanadultsare.Theirparativelynewunderstandingoftheirnativelanguagemayalsobeadvantageous.Thesefindingsmayseemdiscouraging,butitwasinspiringforscientiststolearnthatthekeyperiodforfluentlanguagelearningmightbelongerthanpreviouslythought.Somescientistsbelievedthatthewindowbeginstocloseshortlyafterbirth,whileothersmadeitlongertoveryearlychildhood.paredwiththosejudgmentsage17or18—whenlanguagelearningabilitystarttodropoff—seemsrelativelyold.Forthisstudy,theresearcherscreatedanonlinetestpromisingtoguesspeople'snativelanguageandhomecountrybasedontheirresponsestoEnglishgrammarquestions.Almost670,000peopletookit,givingtheresearchershugeamountsofdatafromEnglishspeakersofmanyagesandbackgrounds.Examiningtheresponsesandgrammarmistakesallowedthemtomadeunusuallyexactjudgmentsaboutlanguagelearning.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"plummet"inparagraph1mean?A.Dropsharply. B.Increasegreatly.C.Appeargradually. D.Doublesuddenly.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Adultstendtoperformbadlyinlearningasecondlanguage.B.Childrenareatanadvantageinacquiringanewlanguage.C.Allthesenewfindingsarequitediscouragingforscientists.D.Peoplehavedifferentkeyperiodsformasteringalanguage.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.Thepurposeofthestudy. B.Thefindingsofthestudy.C.Thesubjectofthestudy. D.Theprocessofthestudy.15.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A.KidsAreBetteratLearningNewLanguagesB.AdultsCan'tLearnaSecondLanguageWellC.NeverSayDieWhenLearningaNewLanguageD.BettertoLearnaNewLanguageBeforeAge10【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹孩子比成年人更容易學(xué)習(xí)語言的原因。最好在10歲之前學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段ThestudypublishedinthejournalCognition,foundthatit's"nearlyimpossible"forlanguagelearnerstoreachnativelevel（母語水平）fluencyiftheystartlearningasecondlanguageafterage10.（這項發(fā)表在《認(rèn)知》雜志上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，對于語言學(xué)習(xí)者來說，如果他們在10歲以后開始學(xué)習(xí)第二語言，達到母語水平的流利程度“幾乎不可能”。）所以現(xiàn)在，在一項新的研究中，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了你流利掌握第二語言的確切年齡似乎會急劇下降:10歲。可知，劃線詞的意思是“急劇下降”，A項符合題意。故選A。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Kidsmaybebetterthanadultsatlearningnewlanguagesformanyreasons可知，由于許多原因，孩子在學(xué)習(xí)新語言方面可能比成年人更好。由此判斷出孩子在學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言方面具有優(yōu)勢。故選B。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容Forthisstudy,theresearcherscreatedanonlinetestpromisingtoguesspeople'snativelanguageandhomecountrybasedontheirresponsestoEnglishgrammarquestions.Almost670,000peopletookit,givingtheresearchershugeamountsofdatafromEnglishspeakersofmanyagesandbackgrounds.（在這項研究中，研究人員創(chuàng)建了一個在線測試，承諾根據(jù)人們對英語語法問題的回答來猜測他們的母語和祖國。大約有67萬人參加了測試，這給研究人員提供了來自不同年齡和背景的英語使用者的大量數(shù)據(jù)。）可知，最后一段主要是介紹研究的過程。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段Now,inanewstudy,scientisthavefoundouttheexactageafterwhichyourchancesofreachingfluency（流利）inasecondlanguageseemtoplummet:10.（現(xiàn)在，在一項新的研究中，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了你流利掌握第二語言的確切年齡似乎會急劇下降:10歲。）可知，本文主要講述了孩子比成年人更容易學(xué)習(xí)語言，“最好在10歲之前學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言”是合適的標(biāo)題。故選D?！军c睛】推理判斷試題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。這種題型包括判斷題和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。做好該題型要從整體上把握語篇內(nèi)容，在語篇的表面意義與隱含意義、已知信息與未知信息間架起橋梁，透過字里行間，去體會作者的“弦外之音”。推理判斷題常常可以分為如下幾類：（1）細(xì)節(jié)推斷。如時間、地點、人物關(guān)系等；（2）邏輯推斷。根據(jù)已知的結(jié)果推斷導(dǎo)致結(jié)果產(chǎn)生的可能原因；（3）目的、意圖、態(tài)度推斷。根據(jù)文章的論述，推斷作者的寫作目的以及作者情感態(tài)度；（4）預(yù)測想象推斷。文章沒有明確說明，要求根據(jù)語篇對文章可能涉及的內(nèi)容進行預(yù)測判斷。（5）預(yù)測文章出處。根據(jù)文章主旨判斷出文章可能出自什么地方。例如，本文中的第2小題屬于預(yù)測想象推斷。根據(jù)文章第二段ThestudypublishedinthejournalCognition,foundthatit's"nearlyimpossible"forlanguagelearnerstoreachnativelevel（母語水平）fluencyiftheystartlearningasecondlanguageafterage10.（這項發(fā)表在《認(rèn)知》雜志上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，對于語言學(xué)習(xí)者來說，如果他們在10歲以后開始學(xué)習(xí)第二語言，達到母語水平的流利程度“幾乎不可能”。）可知，兒童在學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言方面具有優(yōu)勢。故選B。第二節(jié)（每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoStrengthenTeethNaturally___16___Youcanworkonstrengtheningyourteethbygettingtherightvitaminsandmineralsinyourdiet.Youcanalsoprotectyourteeththroughhealthyhabits.Inaddition,avoidingcertainfoodsandhabitscanhelpstrengthenyourteeth.?Gettherightnutrients（營養(yǎng)）Makesureyou'regetting1,000to1,200mgofcalcium（鈣）aday.Youprobablyknowcalciumhelpskeepyourbonesstrong.___17___Eatingcertainamountofcalciuminyourdieteverydaywillhelpincreasethestrengthofyourteeth.?___18___Aimtoeatawidevarietyoffruitsandvegetablesinyourweeklydiet.Tryselectingavarietyofcolorswhenchoosingyourproduceasthatensuresyou'llbegettingawidevarietyofvitamins.Fillyourplateuphalfwaywithfruitsandvegetablesateverymealandthenfilltherestofyourplatewithsomeproteinandwholegrains.?BrushyourteethtwiceadayTobrushwell,holdyourtoothbrushata45°Cangletoyourteeth.Brushallthesurfacesofyourteethgentlyandtrytobrushforatleast2minutes.___19___?VisityourdentistregularlyVisityourdentistatleastonceayearforxraysandcleaning.___20___Ifyoustarttogetabuildupofplaque（牙菌斑），whichcanweakenteeth,thedentistcanremoveitforyouintime.?QuitsmokingYouprobablyareawarethatsmokingcauseslungcancerandotherhealthproblems.Inaddition,itcanalsoweakenbonetissue,includingyourteeth.Ifyou'vebeenthinkingaboutquitting,nowmaybethetime.A.EatabalanceddietB.HaveavarietyofvegetablesC.Thesameistrueforyourteeth.D.Setatimertohelpyoubrushlonger!E.Strongteethareimportantforahealthymouth!F.Thesevisitshelpfindproblemsbeforetheybegin.G.VitaminDhelpsyourbodyabsorbcalciumproperly.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.D20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了自然地加強牙齒的五種方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)本文的標(biāo)題“HowtoStrengthenTeethNaturally（如何自然強化牙齒）”可知，本文主要講述的是保護牙齒的重要性以及方法，且空格位于本篇文章的開頭彰顯本文的主旨并引出下文。E選項“Strongteethareimportantforahealthymouth!（強壯的牙齒對健康的口腔很重要!）”符合題意，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Youprobablyknowcalciumhelpskeepyourbonesstrong.（你可能知道鈣有助于保持骨骼強壯。）”以身體需要鈣為例，同理，引出牙齒也是需要營養(yǎng)。C選項“Thesameistrueforyourteeth.（對你的牙齒也是一樣的。）”符合題意，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Aimtoeatawidevarietyoffruitsandvegetablesinyourweeklydiet.（每周的飲食中盡量多吃水果和蔬菜。）”可知，本段介紹保護牙齒的方法是要有健康均衡的飲食。A選項“Eatabalanceddiet（均衡飲食）”符合題意，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Brushallthesurfacesofyourteethgentlyandtrytobrushforatleast2minutes.（輕輕地刷你牙齒的所有表面，盡量刷至少2分鐘。）”可知，這里介紹的是要加長刷牙的時間。D選項“Setatimertohelpyoubrushlonger!（設(shè)置一個計時器來幫助你刷得更久!）”符合題意，故選D。【20題詳解】根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Visityourdentistregularly（定期看牙醫(yī)）”可知，本段講述的是定期去看牙醫(yī)對保護牙齒的好處。F選項“Thesevisitshelpfindproblemsbeforetheybegin.（這些訪問有助于在問題開始之前發(fā)現(xiàn)問題。）”符合題意，故選F。二、語言運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題15分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ibelieveeventhesmartestpeoplehavetoworkhardtoachievesuccess.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersbytheirown______.Manyyearsago,Itookthehead___22___jobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasatraditionfortheschool'soldteamtoplayagainstthe___23___teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn'tevenpracticeto___24___thegame,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto___25___thatIhadtochangemyIstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle___27___.Mostimportantly,Ibegantotreatthemlike___28___.Thatsummervacation,wemeteverydayand___29___passingandkickingthefootball.Sixmonthsafterourdefeat,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedto____30____.Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminGeorgia.Ifeltthatitwouldbea____31____forusevenifwelostthegame.Butmyboysbeatthem,givingmethegreatest____32____ofmylife!FromtheexperienceIlearntalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercan____33____themembersofateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushedand____34____them.Ihelpedthemtoseethemselves____35____,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,notborn..A.tests B.luck C.efforts D.nature22.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching23.A.new B.excellent C.strong D.successful24.A.cheerfor B.preparefor C.helpwith D.finishwith25.A.realize B.claim C.permit D.demand26.A.decision B.attitude C.conclusion D.intention27.A.pride B.culture C.fortune D.relationship28.A.leaders B.partners C.winners D.learners29.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced30.A.expand B.improve C.relax D.defend31.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor32.A.chance B.joy C.concern D.offer33.A.surprise B.relate C.interest D.affect34.A.encouraged B.observed C.protected D.impressed35.A.naturally B.individually C.calmly D.differently【答案】.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了我執(zhí)教的球隊竟然輸給了一個沒有教練的隊伍，失利后，我沒有把孩子們看作失敗者，而是鼓勵他們，最后他們擊敗了佐治亞州的頭號球隊，這也讓我認(rèn)識到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的態(tài)度能夠影響團隊的其他成員?！绢}詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人們通過自己的努力使自己成為贏家。A.tests考驗；B.luck運氣；C.efforts努力；D.nature天性。空前一句說我相信即使是最聰明的人也要努力工作才能獲得成功，因此此處是說人們通過自己的努力使自己成為贏家，故C項正確。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很多年前，我在佐治亞州巴克斯利的一所學(xué)校擔(dān)任主教練。A.operating操作；B.editing編輯；C.consulting咨詢；D.coaching訓(xùn)練、指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)空后的“Theoldteamhadnocoach”（老隊沒有教練）可知，我擔(dān)任球隊的主教練一職，故D項正確?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在春季訓(xùn)練結(jié)束時，學(xué)校的老隊和新隊比賽是一個傳統(tǒng)。A.new新的；B.excellent優(yōu)秀的；C.strong強壯的；D.successful成功的。根據(jù)空后的“Theoldteamhadnocoach”（老隊沒有教練）可知此處指“新隊”，故A項正確?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：老隊沒有教練，他們甚至沒有為準(zhǔn)備比賽而訓(xùn)練，但令我失望的是我們竟然輸了。A.cheerfor為……歡呼；B.preparefor為……做準(zhǔn)備；C.helpwith幫某人做某事；D.finishwith完成、結(jié)束?？涨耙痪湔f老隊沒有教練，他們自然就不能為準(zhǔn)備比賽而訓(xùn)練，故B項正確?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：仔細(xì)想想，我最終意識到我必須改變對我的球員能力和潛力的態(tài)度。A.realize意識到；B.claim宣稱；C.permit允許；D.demand要求?？蘸蟮摹皌hatIhadtochangemy___6___towardstheirabilityandpotential.”是我通過我?guī)ьI(lǐng)的球隊輸給一支沒有主教練的老隊一事意識到的內(nèi)容，故A項正確。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.decision決定；B.attitude態(tài)度；C.conclusion結(jié)論；D.intention意圖。根據(jù)空后的“towardstheirabilityandpotential.”可知此處指“對我的球員能力和潛力的態(tài)度”，故B項正確?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始盡我所能幫助他們建立一點自豪感。A.pride自豪；B.culture文化；C.fortune命運；D.relationship關(guān)系。空后一句說我開始像對待獲勝者一樣對待他們，因此我想幫助他們建立自豪感，故A項正確。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最重要的是，我開始像對待獲勝者一樣對待他們。A.leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人；B.partners搭檔；C.winners贏家、獲勝者；D.learners學(xué)習(xí)者。雖然輸?shù)袅吮荣?，但我仍把他們看成獲勝者，以此幫助他們建立自豪感，故C項正確?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那個暑假，我們每天見面，練習(xí)傳接球。A.risked冒險；B.missed錯過；C.considered考慮；D.practiced練習(xí)。我是教練，他們是球員，在一起自然是練習(xí)傳接球，故D項正確。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：失利六個月后，我們贏得了第一場和第二場比賽，并繼續(xù)進步。A.expand擴大；B.improve改進；C.relax放松；D.defend防御。空前一句說失利六個月后，我們贏得了第一場和第二場比賽，這說明我們進步了，故B項正確?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們面對的是佐治亞州的頭號球隊，我覺得即使我們輸了這場比賽對我們來說也是一場勝利。A.shame羞愧；B.burden負(fù)擔(dān)；C.victory勝利；D.favor贊同?？涨耙痪湔f我們面對的是佐治亞州的頭號球隊，因此我覺得即使我們輸了這場比賽對我們來說也是一場勝利，故C項正確?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我的孩子們擊敗了他們，這給了我生命中最大的快樂！A.chance機會；B.joy快樂；C.concern關(guān)心；D.offer提議。我的孩子們擊敗了佐治亞州的頭號球隊，作為主教練的我自然是非常高興，故B項正確?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從這個經(jīng)歷中，我學(xué)到了很多關(guān)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的態(tài)度是如何影響團隊成員的。A.surprise使吃驚；B.relate涉及；C.interest使感興趣；D.affect影響。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，我執(zhí)教的球隊竟然輸給了一個沒有教練的隊伍，失利后，我沒有把孩子們看作失敗者，而是鼓勵他們，最后他們擊敗了佐治亞州的頭號球隊，這說明于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的態(tài)度能夠影響團隊的其他成員，故D項正確?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒有把我孩子們看作失敗者，而是鼓勵他們。A.encouraged鼓勵；B.observed觀察；C.protected保護；D.impressed使印象深刻。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容及空前的“Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushed”可知，比賽失利后，我沒有把孩子們看作失敗者，而是鼓勵他們，故A項正確?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我?guī)椭麄冇貌煌难酃饪创约?，最終他們把自己打造成了獲勝者。A.naturally自然地；B.individually個別地；C.calmly冷靜地；D.differently不同地。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，比賽失利后，我沒有把孩子們看作失敗者，而是把他們看作獲勝者，也就是幫助他們用不同的眼光看待自己，故D項正確?！军c睛】本篇第13空難度較大，抓住上文第一場比賽失利后我對孩子們的態(tài)度以及最后一場比賽的結(jié)果是關(guān)鍵，根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，在第一場比賽中，我執(zhí)教的球隊竟然輸給了一個沒有教練的隊伍，失利后，我沒有把孩子們看作失敗者，而是把他們看作獲勝者，以此幫助他們建立自豪感，最后他們擊敗了佐治亞州的頭號球隊，這說明于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的態(tài)度能夠影響團隊的其他成員，故D項（affect）正確。第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Musicisoneofthemost___36___(power)thingsinmylife.Listeningtomusiccanhelptomotivatemeintryingtime.Whenyounger,I___37___(have)nogreatloveformusicasIdonow.Imainlylistenedtothemusic___38___myparentswereplaying.WhetherIwasinthecar,thehouse,___39___anywhereelse,therewassuretobesomeBeatles,orBuddyHollyconstantlyplayinginthebackground.NowasIamolder,Ienjoyitforthereasonthatitallowsmetoremembermychildhood.Ibelievemusichasthepower___40___(express)allsortsofemotions.Thesong“ALittleBitLonger”JonasBrothersis___41___anemotionalandinspiringsongthatwhenhearitIalwaysecloseto___42___(drop)downtears,especiallywhenIwatchitbeingplayedlive.Theeffect(thatmusiccanhave___43___ouremotionsisgreat,asitcanbringpeopletofloodsoftearsorburstsof___44___(laugh).Ibelievemusicaffectspeopleinmanyways.Tome,musicis____45____(extreme)importantinmylife.【答案】36.powerful37.had38.that/which39.or40.toexpress41.such42.dropping43.on44.laughter45.extremely【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了音樂對于作者的重要性。【36題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：音樂是我生命中最強大的東西之一。句中things是名詞，由形容詞修飾，所給詞power是名詞，其形容詞是powerful。故填powerful?！?7題詳解】考查一般過去時。句意：年輕的時候，我并不像現(xiàn)在這樣熱愛音樂。根據(jù)Whenyounger可知，此處在描述過去的事情，所以句子用一般過去時。故填had?！?8題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我主要聽我父母演奏的音樂。此處music作先行詞，指物，在后面的定語從句中作賓語。故填that/which。【39題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：不管我是在車?yán)?、房子里，還是在別的什么地方，肯定會有一些披頭士樂隊(Beatles)的歌曲，或是巴迪·霍利(BuddyHolly)的歌曲不斷地做背景音樂。固定搭配：whether…or…“無論……還是……”，在這里引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故填or。【40題詳解】考查不定式作定語。句意：我相信音樂有表達各種情感的力量。此處是動詞不定式作后置定語修飾名詞power。故填toexpress?！?1題詳解】考查結(jié)果狀語從句的連接詞。句意：JonasBrothers的《ALittleLonger》這首歌是一首如此感人和鼓舞人心的歌曲，每當(dāng)聽到這首歌，我總是差點掉下眼淚，尤其是當(dāng)我看它的現(xiàn)場播放時。句中song是名詞，由such修飾，sucha/an+形容詞+名詞+that……，所以此處是such…that“如此……以致于”引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。故填such?！?2題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：JonasBrothers的《ALittleLonger》這首歌是一首如此感人和鼓舞人心的歌曲，每當(dāng)聽到這首歌，我總是差點掉下眼淚，尤其是當(dāng)我看它的現(xiàn)場播放時。固定短語：ecloseto“接近，靠近”，其中to是介詞，后面跟名詞、代詞賓格或動名詞作賓語。故填dropping。【43題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：音樂對我們情感的影響是巨大的，因為它可以讓人們熱淚盈眶或放聲大笑。固定短語：haveaneffecton“對……有影響，對……起作用”。在此句中Theeffect是先行詞，后面是定語從句，只是將詞組變了形。故填on?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：音樂對我們情感的影響是巨大的，因為它可以讓人們熱淚盈眶或放聲大笑。固定短語：burstoflaughter“陣陣大笑聲”。故填laughter?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。句意：對我來說，音樂在我的生活中非常重要。此處important是形容詞，由副詞修飾，extreme的副詞是extremely。故填extremely。三、寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華。下學(xué)期你將作為交換生（exchangestudent）去加拿大一所高中學(xué)習(xí)，住在Lynn家里。請給Lynn寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹自己；2.告知到達時間；3.詢問應(yīng)做何準(zhǔn)備。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【答案】DearLynn,I’mLiHua,anexchangestudentfromChina.I’mhappytoknowthatI’llbestayingwithyourfamilyinthenextfewmonthswhileI'mstudyingatthelocalhighschool.Thankyouforhavingme!IwillarriveinTorontoonAugust20thandgettoyourplacelatethatafternoon.IwonderifyoucouldgivemesomeadvicesothatIcangetmyselfbetterpreparedformystayinCanada.Lookingforwardtoseeingyou!Bestwishes,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文，下學(xué)期你將作為交換生（exchangestudent）去加拿大一所高中學(xué)習(xí)，住在Lynn家里。請給Lynn寫一封郵件告訴她你的具體情況?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑簩忣}體裁：應(yīng)用文時態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時。結(jié)構(gòu)：總分法總分法指把主題句作為總說，把支持句作為分說，并以這種方式安排所寫內(nèi)容。要求：1.介紹自己；2.告知到達時間；3.詢問應(yīng)做何準(zhǔn)備。第二步:列提綱（重點詞組）anexchangestudent,schoolhall,happytoknow,thankyoufordoing,givemesomeadvice,sothat,getmyselfbetterpreparedfor,lookingforwardtoseeing.第三步：連詞成句1.I’mLiHuaanexchangestudentfromChina.2.I’mhappytoknowthatI’llbestayingwithyourfamilyinthenextfewmonthswhileI'mstudyingatthelocalhighschool.3.Thankyouforhavingme!4.IwillarriveinTorontoonAugust20thandgettoyourplacelatethatafternoon.5.Iwonderifyoucouldgive