SectionⅢUsingLanguageⅠ.重點單詞1．revealvt.揭示；顯示；露出2．clarifyvt.使更清晰易懂；闡明；澄清3．educatorn．教師；教育工作者；教育家→educationn．教育→educatevt.教育4．tickvt.給(試卷、問題等)打鉤號vi.(鐘表)發(fā)出嘀嗒聲n．鉤號5．tendencyn．趨勢；傾向6．lowervt.把……放低；降低；減少adj.下面的；下方的；較小的7．implyvt.意味著；暗示8．barelyadv.幾乎不；勉強才能；剛剛9．chinn．下巴10．occupyvt.占據(jù)；占用→occupationn．職業(yè)；占據(jù)11．starevi.盯著看；凝視n．凝視12．ceilingn．天花板；上限13．distractvt.分散(注意力)；使分心14．perceivevt.察覺；看待；理解15．distinguishvi.&vt.區(qū)分；辨別16．a(chǎn)nxietyn．焦慮；擔心；害怕→anxiousadj.焦慮的；擔心的17．chestn．胸部；胸腔18．embarrassedadj.難堪的；尷尬19．a(chǎn)shamedadj.羞愧的；慚愧的20．merelyadv.只是；僅僅；只不過21．bothervi.&vt.費心；麻煩；因……操心n．麻煩；不便22．weepvi.&vt.哭泣；流淚23．conflictn．&vi.矛盾；沖突24．inquirevi.&vt.詢問；打聽25．ultimatelyadv.最終；最后26．a(chǎn)djustvt.調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)vi.&vt.適應(yīng)；(使)習慣→adjustmentn．適應(yīng)；調(diào)整27．intervenevi.干預(yù)；介入28．reactvi.(對……)起反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)；(對食物等)有不良反應(yīng)→reactionn．反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)29．ponentn．組成部分；零件30．tonen．語氣；腔調(diào)；口吻Ⅱ.重點短語1．makesense有道理；講得通2．goon進行；發(fā)生3．a(chǎn)tthesametime同時；然而4．inotherwords換句話說；也就是說5．callon(短暫地)訪問；要求(某人講話等)；正式邀請6．a(chǎn)twork有某種影響；在工作Ⅲ.重點句型1．It_is_as_thoughtheyareasleepwith_their_eyes_open.他們好像睜著眼在睡覺。2．Whileitiseasytoperceivewhenstudentsareinterested,bored,ordistracted,itissometimesmuchhardertodistinguishwhenstudentsaretroubled.盡管學生們何時(對講課)感興趣、何時感到無聊或精力不集中是容易察覺的，但要發(fā)現(xiàn)學生何時有困擾有時會難得多。3．Theirbodylanguageletsmeknowwhen_to_adjust_class_activities，when_to_intervene，and_when_to_talk_to_students_individually,_sotheycanallgetthemostoutofschool.他們的肢體語言讓我知道什么時候該調(diào)整課堂活動，什么時候該介入，什么時候該單獨和學生談話，這樣他們就能從學校里得到最大的收獲。1eq\a\vs4\al(revealvt.揭示；顯示；露出)[典型例句]Thereportreveals(that)thepanymadealossof￡20millionlastyear.報告顯示，公司去年虧損2000萬英鎊。Helaughed,revealingalineofwhiteteeth.他笑了起來，露出一排潔白的牙齒。[思維拓展]revealsth.tosb.把某事透漏給某人revealthat...顯示……[即時訓(xùn)練]Itwasrevealedthatimportantevidencehadbeensuppressed.2eq\a\vs4\al(clarifyvt.澄清；闡明；凈化vi.澄清；清楚；明白；易懂)[典型例句]YoucanclarifythisquestionifyoustudyBritishhistory.如果你學習英國歷史，就能弄清楚這個問題。[思維拓展]clarifyone'sposition/stand闡明某人的立場clarifymatters澄清真相clarificationn.澄清；闡明Thepieceofevidencewillhelptoclarifymatters.這條證據(jù)將有助于澄清真相。[即時訓(xùn)練]Iamseekingclarificationoftheregulation.Ihopethiscanclarifymyposition.(clarify)3eq\a\vs4\al(tickvt.給試卷、問題等打鉤號vi.鐘表等發(fā)出嘀嗒聲)[典型例句]Theclocktickedawaytheminutes.鐘表顯示時間一分一秒地過去。[思維拓展]ticksb./sth.off給……畫上鉤；給……打?qū)μ朤ickallthequestionsoff，please.把所有的問題標出來。[即時訓(xùn)練]Ihavetickedoffthenamesofthepeoplewhohavepaid.4eq\a\vs4\al(tendencyn.傾向；趨勢；性情；偏好)[典型例句]Measuresmustbetakentostopthistendency.必須采取措施來阻止這種傾向。Sheshowedhermusicaltendencyatanearlyage.她從小就顯露出音樂偏好。[思維拓展]haveatendencytodosth.有做某事的傾向Youwillhaveatendencytogrowfat.你有發(fā)胖的傾向。[即時訓(xùn)練]Theteacherhasatendency(tend)togetofftopic；sometimesitisdifficultforstudentstomakeoutwhatheissaying.5eq\a\vs4\al(occupyvt.)[典型例句](1)占據(jù)(時間、空間等)Familyaffairsoccupymostofherfreetime.家庭事務(wù)占用了她大部分閑暇時間。Thebedoccupiedtoomuchroom.這床占地方太大了。(2)(軍事)占領(lǐng)Thearmyoccupiedtheenemy'scapital.軍隊占領(lǐng)了敵人的首都。(3)占有(房屋、土地)Theyoccupythehousenextdoor.他們住在隔壁。(4)任職Mysisteroccupiesanimportantpositioninherfirm.我姐姐在她的公司擔任要職。[思維拓展]occupationn．占用；職業(yè)；消遣occupiedadj.使用中；忙碌的befullyoccupied忙得不可開交occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth.忙于……beoccupiedwithsth./indoingsth.忙于；全神貫注于；從事[即時訓(xùn)練]①Lisaisoccupied(occupy)withherenterprisedayinanddayoutandtherefore,shehasbeenpraised.②Havingretiredfrombusiness,henowoccupieshimselfwiththewelfareofthedisabled.6eq\a\vs4\al(stare)[典型例句](1)vi.盯著看；凝視It'srudetostareatothers.盯著別人看是不禮貌的。Hestaredatthegirl,tryingtorememberwhoshewas.他盯著這個女孩，努力想記起她是誰。(2)n.凝視Shegavehimablankstare.她面無表情地直視著他。[易混辨析]stareat,glareat,glanceat,lookatstareat“盯著看；凝視”，表示因好奇、驚訝而睜大眼睛看，強調(diào)長時間盯著看，有時含有無禮或粗魯?shù)囊馕?。glareat“怒視”，表示“兇狠而且?guī)в型{性地瞪眼睛”的意思。glanceat“瞥見”，強調(diào)“匆匆”和“瞥”，表示動作的短暫。lookat“看著”，無感情色彩，強調(diào)動作。Thegirlstaredattheblanksheetofpaperforafewseconds.那個女孩對著那張空白紙凝視了幾秒鐘。Theteacherglaredattheboyswhentheylaughedloudlyatclass.當男孩子們在課堂上大笑時，老師怒視著他們。Themanglancednervouslyathiswatch.那人緊張地看了一眼手表。Themenallturnedtolookatherassheenteredtheroom.她走進房間時，所有男士都轉(zhuǎn)過來朝她看。[即時訓(xùn)練]Istaredblanklyatthepaperinfrontofme.7eq\a\vs4\al(distractvt.分散注意力；使分心)[典型例句]You'redistractingmefrommywork.你使我不能專心工作。Don'ttalktoher—she'sveryeasilydistracted.不要同她講話——她的注意力很容易分散。[思維拓展]distractsb./sth.(fromsth.)使某人/某物從某事中分心；使某人/某物不能專心于某事distractionn．分散注意力的事；使人分心的事；娛樂；消遣distractedadj.注意力分散的；思想不集中的[即時訓(xùn)練]Tomadmitsthatplayingvideogamessometimesdistractshimfromhishomework.8eq\a\vs4\al(perceivevt.察覺；看待；理解)[典型例句]Iperceivedachangeinhisbehaviour.我注意到他舉止有些改變。Thisdiscoverywasperceivedasamajorbreakthrough.這一發(fā)現(xiàn)被視為一項重大突破。[即時訓(xùn)練]Thepatientwasperceivedto_have(have)difficultyinbreathing.eq\o(\s\up7(9),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(distinguishvi.&vt.顯示……的差別；使……有所不同；辨別)[典型例句]Sometimesrealityandfantasyarehardtodistinguish.有時候現(xiàn)實和夢幻很難區(qū)分。[思維拓展](1)distinguishoneself使自己揚名distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分/辨別……和……distinguish...from使……有別于……；使……具有區(qū)別于……的特征distinguish...by...以……為特征(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名bedistinguishedas...作為……而出名distinguishableadj.可區(qū)別的(3)tellthedifferencesbetween...把……與……區(qū)分開tell...from...把……與……區(qū)分開Shehasalreadydistinguishedherselfasanathlete.作為運動員她已享有盛名。Youshouldlearntodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.你應(yīng)學會明辨是非。Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecandistinguishonefromtheother.這對孿生兒長得很像，沒有人能分辨得出哪個是哪個。Heisdistinguishedforhisknowledgeoflinguistics.他因語言學的知識而著名。Itwashardtotellthedifferencebetweenthetwoversions.很難分辨出這兩個版本有什么區(qū)別。Ibelieveheisabletotellthetruefromthefalse.我相信他能辨別真假。[即時訓(xùn)練]“ChenYunlindistinguished(distinguishable)himselfduringthevisittoTaiwan，”WangYiremarked.10eq\a\vs4\al(anxiousadj.憂慮的；不安的；渴望的)[典型例句]Shewasanxiousforthemalltoleaveherroom.她渴望他們?nèi)茧x開她的房間。Wewereanxiousthateveryone(should)knowthetruth.我們渴望人人都了解實情。[思維拓展]beanxiousfor/about(＝beworried/concernedabout)為……擔心/擔憂beanxiousfor(＝beeagerfor/bekeenon)渴望……beanxious(forsb.)todosth.渴望(某人)做……beanxiousthat...渴望……(從句謂語用shoulddo，should可以省略)anxiouslyadv.焦慮地；不安地anxietyn．擔心；憂慮；渴望withanxiety焦慮地anxietyfor對……的渴望anxietyabout/over對……的憂慮anxietytodosth.對做某事的渴望[即時訓(xùn)練]—Iwonderifshewillshowupattheconcert.—Shewill.Sheisonlytooanxious(anxiety)towatchthefamousconductor.11eq\a\vs4\al(embarrassedadj.尷尬的；陷入困境的)[典型例句]Sheisembarrassedaboutherweight.她因自己的體重而尷尬。Hefeltembarrassedasbeingthecentreofattention.成為關(guān)注的焦點使他覺得尷尬。[易混辨析]embarrassed，embarrassingembarrassed“尷尬的，陷入困境的”，修飾人。embarrassingadj.令人難堪的，修飾事物。I'veneverfeltsoembarrassedinmylife.在我的一生中我從未感到如此尷尬。Itcanbeembarrassingtohaveachildsaywhathedoesnotwantto.要一個孩子說他不愿意說的東西令人尷尬。[即時訓(xùn)練]Ifeltembarrassed(embarrass)whenIhadtosingsongsinfrontofmyclassmates.12eq\a\vs4\al(ashamedadj.感到羞愧的，感到羞恥的)[典型例句]Shewasdeeplyashamedofherbehaviour.她對自己的行為深感羞愧。Tomwasashamedthathehadlosthistemper.湯姆因自己發(fā)脾氣感到內(nèi)疚。[思維拓展]eq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(beashamedof...因……而感到羞愧,beashamedthat...對……感到慚愧,beashamedtodosth.恥于干某事；不情愿干某事))shamen．羞恥；慚愧；遺憾的事shamefuladj.可恥的，不體面的shamelessadj.不知羞恥的[易混辨析]ashamed，shamefulashamed指人“感到羞恥的”，只作表語I'mashamedofyourwords.我為你的話感到羞愧。shameful指行為等“可恥的”，可作定語或表語It'sshamefultolie.撒謊是可恥的。[即時訓(xùn)練]Thatisashameful(shame)conduct.Ifeelashamed(shame)ofwhathe'sdone.13eq\a\vs4\al(merelyadv.僅僅；只是；只不過)[典型例句]Theyarenotmerelycontentwithfillingthestomach.他們不僅僅滿足于填飽肚子。Youcan'tblamemeforthatbecauseImerelywanttofindoutthetruth.你不能為那件事情責怪我，因為我只不過想搞清楚事情真相。[思維拓展]mereadj.僅僅的Ittookheramere20minutestowin.她只花了20分鐘就贏了。[即時訓(xùn)練]Itisnotmerely(mere)ajob,butawayoflife.14eq\a\vs4\al(bother)[典型例句](1)vt.打擾；煩擾Idon'twanttobotheryouwithmyproblems.我不想因為我的問題而打擾你。(2)vi.費心；操心；麻煩—ShallIhelpyou?——我可以幫你嗎？—Don'tbother.I'lldoitlater.——不用費心了，我一會兒自己做。(3)n.(不可數(shù)名詞)麻煩；(可數(shù)名詞)令人麻煩的事；引起麻煩的人Tomisabothertohisteacher.湯姆使他老師大傷腦筋。[思維拓展]bothertodosth.費心去做某事botheraboutsth.為某事煩惱bothersb.withsth.為某事麻煩某人besorrytobotheryou,but...很抱歉打擾你一下，但是……putsb.toanybother給某人添亂withoutanybother毫不費力地Itbotherssb.that/todosth.使某人苦惱的是……Ididn'twanttoputyoutoanybother.我不想給你添亂。[易混辨析]bother，disturb，trouble，annoy這組詞都表示“使人不得安寧”或“心煩意亂”。(1)bother指干擾別人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安寧，可能是故意的，含有使人討厭的意味。(2)disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一時得不到安寧，精力不能集中，語氣比bother弱。(3)trouble常指在心情上失去平靜而感到憂慮、苦惱或行動上帶來不便，也常用于禮貌的要求。(4)annoy通常指重復(fù)性的行為使(別人)生氣。常用被動，表示為某事煩惱、生氣。What'stroublingyou—moneyproblems?什么事令你憂慮不安——經(jīng)濟問題嗎？Thesefliesareannoyingme.這些蒼蠅一直在煩我。[即時訓(xùn)練]It'snotworthbotheringwithanumbrella—thecar'sjustoutside.15eq\a\vs4\al(weepvi.&vt.哭泣；流淚n.哭；哭泣)[典型例句]Laugh,andtheworldlaughswithyou;weep,andyouweepalone.(諺)歡笑，整個世界伴你歡笑；哭泣，只有你獨自向隅而泣。[思維拓展]weepfor/withsth.因為某事而哭泣weeptodosth.因為做某事而愴然淚下[即時訓(xùn)練]Dr.Tomsaidthehealthcaredecisionmadehimweep(weep)forhiscountry.16eq\a\vs4\al(conflictn.[U，C]矛盾；沖突vi.沖突；抵觸)[典型例句]HappilythiswasacplishedwithoutconflictwhenKingJamesofScotlandbecameKingofEnglandandWalesaswell.令人慶幸的是，當蘇格蘭的詹姆斯國王也成為英格蘭和威爾士的國王時并未經(jīng)過戰(zhàn)爭。TheconflictintheMiddleEasthaslasteddecades.中東地區(qū)的沖突已經(jīng)持續(xù)幾十年了。Thetwostoriesconflicted,soIdidnotknowwhichtobelieve.兩種描述互相沖突，我不知道相信哪一個。[思維拓展]conflictoversth.在某事上的矛盾/沖突conflictbetweenAandBA與B之間的矛盾/沖突inconflict(with...)(與……)處于矛盾之中eintoconflict(with...)(與……)發(fā)生爭執(zhí)Unionleadersareagaininconflictwithmanagement.工會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人又一次與管理層發(fā)生沖突。[即時訓(xùn)練]Wefoundthattheseresultsconflicted(conflict)withearlierfindings.17eq\a\vs4\al(adjustvt.使適應(yīng)；調(diào)整；校準)[典型例句]Ittookafewsecondsforhereyestoadjusttothedarkness.花了幾秒鐘時間她的眼睛才適應(yīng)了黑暗(的環(huán)境)。Thegentlemanadjustedhistieinfrontofamirror.這位紳士在鏡子前調(diào)整了一下領(lǐng)帶。[思維拓展]adjuststh.tosth.else調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)……adjustto(doing)sth.適應(yīng)于……(其中to為介詞)adjustoneselfto使自己適應(yīng)于……adjustableadj.可調(diào)整的，可調(diào)節(jié)的adjustableseatbelts可調(diào)節(jié)的座椅安全帶adjustmentn．調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)，適應(yīng)makeanadjustment做出調(diào)整[即時訓(xùn)練]Ifthechairistoohigh,youcanadjustittosuityou.18eq\a\vs4\al(reactvi.作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng))[典型例句]HowdidWilsonreacttoyouridea?威爾遜對你的想法有什么反應(yīng)？Ironreactswithwaterandairtoproducerust.鐵與水、空氣起化學反應(yīng)而生成銹。Willyoungpeoplereactstronglyagainsttaxincreases?年輕人會強烈反對增稅嗎？[思維拓展]reactionn．[C，U]反應(yīng)；[U]反動reactto對……作出反應(yīng)reactwith與……起化學反應(yīng)reactagainst反對；反抗reactby以……方式作出反應(yīng)Localresidentshavereactedangrilytothenews.當?shù)鼐用駥@一消息表示憤怒。Hereactedstronglyagainsttheartisticconventionsofhistime.他強烈反對當時的藝術(shù)俗套。[即時訓(xùn)練]①Whenthesunesout,theflowersreactbyopeningwide.②Hedidn'treacttothisprovocation.③Theboyoftenreactsagainsthisparents.考點集訓(xùn)一1．Hesaidnothing,merely(mere)smiledandwatchedher.2．Shecrouchedinthedark,toofrightenedtorevealherself(she)．3．Shelookedatthemwithdarkstaring(stare)eyes.4．Thefilmmanagedtodistractmefromtheseproblemsforawhile.5．Shedidnotperceiveherselfasdisabled.6．Idon'tknowwhyyoubotherwiththatcrowd.7．Youdon'tsoundtoobothered(bother)aboutit.8．Hermainoccupation(occupy)seemstobeshopping.9．Whilewewaited,thetaxi'smeterkeptticking(tick)away.10．Ihaveatendency(tend)totalktoomuchwhenI'mnervous.1eq\a\vs4\al(goon進行；發(fā)生)[典型例句]Whilethisconversationwasgoingon,Iwaslisteningwithearnestattention.這場對話進行的時候，我聚精會神地聽著。[思維拓展]goon繼續(xù)(做)；(時間)流逝，過去；(做完某事后)進而接著(做另一件事)；趕緊，來吧(用于勸說或鼓勵別人)goover復(fù)習goout出去；熄滅goagainst違背；違反goup上漲；上升goahead前進；干吧；說吧gowithout沒有……也可應(yīng)付；將就gothrough經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；完成；通過；檢查；用完[即時訓(xùn)練]①Unemploymentislikelytogoonrisingthisyear.②Renewableenergywillbeeprogressivelymoreimportantastimegoeson.2eq\a\vs4\al(atthesametime同時；然而)[典型例句]Iwasafraidofher,butatthesametimeIreallylikedher.我害怕她，但同時也確實喜歡她。Thisboyislazy;atthesametimeheisveryclever.這孩子懶惰，不過很聰明。[思維拓展]intime及時；終于；遲早intime(for/todo)及時ontime準時innotime立刻；馬上atnotime絕不atatime一次atonetime曾經(jīng)；一度attimes有時takeone'stime別著急；慢慢來killtime消磨時間CanIborrowtwobooksatatime?我可以一次借兩本書嗎？Wewerejustintimeforthebus.我們剛好趕上那班公共汽車。[即時訓(xùn)練]①Wecan'tholdthetwomeetingsatthesametime;wemuststaggerthem.②Speakoneatatime.Don'tmakesucharow.3eq\a\vs4\al(inotherwords換句話說，也就是說)[典型例句]I'mnotusedtothewayyouspeaktome.Inotherwords,Idon'twanttocontinueourconversation.我不習慣你對我說話的方式。也就是說，我不想繼續(xù)我們的談話了。[思維拓展]beyondwords無法用言語形容ina/oneword總而言之leaveword留言eatone'swords承認說錯了話，收回前言inwords用語言(來表達)inword在口頭上breakone'sword食言haveawordwithsb.和某人談?wù)刪avewordswithsb.和某人吵嘴wordforword逐詞地；原原本本地getinaword插話havethelastword作最后決定，有決定權(quán)[即時訓(xùn)練]We'reallreadytoputitintooperation；inotherwords，we'regoingtotakeactionassoonaspossible.eq\o(\s\up7(4),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(callon短暫地訪問；要求某人講話等；正式邀請)[典型例句]OneofKenya'sleadingchurchmenhascalledonthegovernmenttoresign.肯尼亞一位高級宗教人士要求政府下臺。SofiawasintendingtocallonMissKitts.索菲婭打算去拜訪基茨小姐。[思維拓展]callup召喚；使回憶起；給……打calloff取消callfor要求；需要；去接(某人)；去取(某物)callin邀請；請來callat拜訪(地點)DoyouthinkweshouldcallatBob'swhileweareinLondon?你認為我們在倫敦時應(yīng)該去鮑勃家拜訪嗎？Thesoundofhappylaughtercalledupmemoryofhischildhood.這歡笑聲使他回憶起童年時代的情景。[即時訓(xùn)練]①I'mgoingtocallononeofmyformerclassmates.②Sincetheweatherisbad,let'scalloffoffthetrip.5eq\a\vs4\al(atwork有某種影響；在工作)[典型例句]Shesuspectedthatsecretinfluenceswereatwork.她懷疑有些秘密勢力在作祟。Heisstillatworkonthepainting.他仍在忙著畫那幅畫。[思維拓展]get(down)to/settowork開始，著手工作intheworks在討論(或計劃、籌備)中；在醞釀中outofwork失業(yè)before/afterwork上班前/下班后[即時訓(xùn)練]Thereportsuggestedthatthesametrendwasatworkinpolitics.考點集訓(xùn)二1．Allissretiredfromgolfin1969andwentontobeeasuccessfulbroadcaster.2．Themobilelibraryserviceshavebeenreorganised—inotherwords,theyvisitfewerplaces.3．Atonetimetheschoolsweremainlyattachedtothechurch.4．Theyflewthereinorderthattheymightbeintimeto_attend(attend)theopeningceremony.5．SheaskedhimtocallatBrown'shoteltoseeherdaughter.eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(Itisasthoughtheyareasleepwiththeireyesopen.,他們好像睜著眼在睡覺。)[句式分析](1)本句是主從復(fù)合句，asthough“好像”引導(dǎo)的是表語從句，從句用了陳述語氣。asthough/asif可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句和表語從句。asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的從句常有以下三種情況：①若asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的從句中的內(nèi)容是可能發(fā)生的或可能符合真實的情況，從句一般用陳述語氣。②若asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的從句中的內(nèi)容為非真實情況，從句通常用虛擬語氣，從句謂語動詞的形式為：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反→一般過去式,表示與過去事實相反→had＋過去分詞,表示將來的可能性不大→would/might/could＋動詞原形))③當從句主語同主句主語一致，且從句謂語動詞是be時，從句主語和be可省略。Itsoundsasthoughitisraining.聽起來似乎在下雨。(陳述語氣)Hetreatshiseldersisterasthoughshewereastranger.他待他姐姐如陌生人。(虛擬語氣)Youlookasthoughyou'dseenaghost.你好像是見了鬼似的。(虛擬語氣)Hepausedasthough(hewas)expectingmetospeak.他停了一下好像在等我說話。(2)withtheireyesopen是“with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可以作狀語，表示原因、條件、伴隨等。此外，該結(jié)構(gòu)還可以作后置定語。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：①with＋賓語＋介詞短語Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.他頭枕在胳膊上睡著了。②with＋賓語＋過去分詞(賓語與賓補之間是被動關(guān)系)Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.整個下午他都鎖著門工作。Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.他蓋著頭躺在床上。③with＋賓語＋現(xiàn)在分詞(賓語與賓補之間是主動關(guān)系)Withwinteringon,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.冬天來了，是買暖和衣服的時候了。④with＋賓語＋不定式(不定式作賓補有“將來”的含義)Ican'tgooutwithallthesedishestowash.我不能丟下這些要洗的碟子就出去。⑤with＋賓語＋形容詞/副詞WithJohnaway,we'vegotmoreroom.約翰不在，我們有更多空間了。[即時訓(xùn)練]①Itseemsasthough/ifeveryoneelsehasfinishedtheirhomework.②Don'thandlethevaseasthoughitwere(be)madeofsteel.③Withtheboyleading(lead)theway,Ihadnodifficultyfindingyourhouse.④Withhishomeworkfinished(finish),hewentouttoplayfootball.⑤Withhishorsetied(tie)toatree,hehadarestintheshade.eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())Whileitiseasytoperceivewhenstudentsareinterested，bored，ordistracted，itissometimesmuchhardertodistinguishwhenstudentsaretroubled.盡管學生們何時對講課感興趣、何時感到無聊或精力不集中是容易察覺的，但要發(fā)現(xiàn)學生何時有困擾有時會難得多。[句式分析]本句是主從復(fù)合句。句中連詞while表示讓步關(guān)系，意為“雖然；盡管”，相當于though、although。WhileIlikeRonaldpersonally，Idonotapproveofwhathehasdonethistime.盡管我自己喜歡羅納爾德，但我并不支持他這次所做的事。while作連詞時的用法：①作從屬連詞，意為“當……時”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句謂語為延續(xù)性動詞；②作從屬連詞，意為“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，從句常位于句首；③作并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，常位于句首或句中，表示前后兩種情況的對比。Whileshewaslisteningtotheradio,shefellasleep.她聽著收音機睡著了。(時間狀語從句)WhileIagreewithyourreasons,Ican'tallowit.盡管我同意你的理由，但我不能允許這樣做。(讓步狀語從句)Iwentswimmingwhiletheothersplayedtennis.我去游泳，而其余的人則去打網(wǎng)球了。(并列連詞)[即時訓(xùn)練]①WhileIwaswaitingatthebusstop,threebuseswentbyintheoppositedirection.②YoucangoswimmingwhileI'mhavinglunch.③WhileIadmitheisnotperfect，Istilllikehim.eq\o(\s\up7(3),\s\do5())Theirbodylanguageletsmeknowwhentoadjustclassactivities，whentointervene，andwhentotalktostudentsindividually，sotheycanallgetthemostoutofschool.他們的肢體語言讓我知道什么時候該調(diào)整課堂活動，什么時候該介入，什么時候該單獨和學生談話，這樣他們就能從學校里得到最大的收獲。[句式分析]本句中包含“特殊疑問詞/whether＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)用法淺析：①特殊疑