Uni4AdversityandcourageStep1復(fù)習(xí)檢查Ⅰ.單詞填空。1.Inthefoggymorning，theenemyr_____________theworkersfromtheawesomequarry.(釋放)2.Busesrunf_____________betweenthecityandtheairline.（頻繁地）3.Speedisr_______________to30mphintowns.（被限制在……）4.Seeingthepearl，hewass_____________bycuriosity.(某種情緒侵襲；突然控制)5.Weprotestedaboutthechangesforalongtime,butintheendwehadtos_____________.(屈服)6.Thesubmarinethatourcountryhasputintouseisdrivenby________________(核能的)power.7.EverytimeImentionher,youbeevery______________(敏感的).8.He______________（提交）hisproposalforurbandevelopmenttothecitycouncilattheconference.9.Themassiveincreaseinspendingfailedtos___________(維持)hislifewhenhebecameseriouslyill.10.Hefailedto_______________(抓住)theopportunityduringthejobinterview.ⅠⅠ.把下面直接引語變成間接引語。1．Shesaid，“Iwon’tbefrustrated.”.“Iwilleandseeyouagainthisevening，Tom，”shesaid..3.“Areyouasoldier?”heasked..4.Heasked，“Whereareyougoingtogetoff，John?”.5.Thegeographyteachersaidtous，“Theearthtravelsaroundthesun.”.Step2LanguagePoints核心詞匯詮釋1.applicationn.申請；請求；申請書；申請表；(尤指理論、發(fā)現(xiàn)等的)應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用；涂抹；敷用；施用①Hisapplicationtothecourtforbail(保釋金)hasbeenrefused.__申請__②Theinventionwouldhaveawiderangeofapplicationsinindustry. __應(yīng)用__③Ittookthreeapplicationsofpainttocoverthegraffiti. __涂抹__[例1]Applicationsshouldbesubmittedasearlyaspossible.申請應(yīng)盡早提交。[例2]Howdothetwotechniquespareintermsofapplication?這兩種手法實(shí)際運(yùn)用起來哪個好一些？[造句]我想他們已經(jīng)拒絕我的申請了。[知識拓展](1)applicantn． 申請人(2)applyvt. 申請；應(yīng)用apply(tosb.)forsth. (向某人)申請某事/物applytosb./sth. 適用于某人/物applysth.tosth. 把……應(yīng)用于……applyoneselftodoingsth. 專注于/集中精力做某事[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空。①Weshouldapplywhatwehavelearnedatschooldailylife.②Hewantstoapplytothepanyajobasasalesman.③Thistrafficruleappliesallthedrivers.2.qualifiedadj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學(xué)歷等)[例1]Thegovernmenthasgivenqualifiedsupporttotheidea.政府對這一想法給予了適當(dāng)?shù)闹С帧例2]Demandhasfaroutstrippedsupplyofqualifiedteachers.對有資格教師的需求遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了供應(yīng)。[造句]這位女士最適合做這項(xiàng)工作。[知識拓展](1)qualifyv. 使具備資格(2)bequalifiedtodosth. 有資格做某事bequalifiedfor 具備……資格的；適合擔(dān)任……的(3)qualificationn. 資格；資歷[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空。①Hehasno(qualify)forthisjob.②Heknewhewasnot(qualify)tobeateacher.③Idon'tknowmuchaboutit，soIdon'tfeelqualified(ment)．3.abandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄[例1]Thebabyhadbeenabandonedbyitsmother.這個嬰兒被母親遺棄了。[例2]Snowforcedmanydriverstoabandontheirvehicles.大雪迫使許多駕駛者棄車步行。[造句]他們不得不舍棄土地，讓侵略軍占領(lǐng)。[知識拓展]abandonedadj. 廢棄的；被遺棄的；放任的abandononeselfto(doing)sth. 縱情/沉溺于(做)某事abandondoingsth. 放棄做某事withabandon 放任地；放縱地；縱情地[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Rescuershad(abandon)allthehopeoffindinganymoresurvivors.②I'mconsideringabandoning(smoke)soon.③Atthesadnews，heabandoned(he)todespair.4.belongingsn．財(cái)物；動產(chǎn)[例1]Shepackedherfewbelongingsinabagandleft.她把她的幾件東西裝進(jìn)包里便離開了。[例2]她在那場火災(zāi)中失去了所有財(cái)產(chǎn)。Shelostallherbelongingsinthefire.[造句]她的許多私人財(cái)物都被偷走了。[知識拓展](1)belongingn. 歸屬asenseofbelonging 歸屬感(2)belongtosb. 屬于某人，歸某人所有belongtosth. 是(俱樂部、組織等)的成員，是(某族類或綱目)的一部分[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空。①Asparentswehavearesponsibilitytogiveourchildrenasenseof(belong)．②Theybelongedayoungergeneration.5.furnituren.家具[例1]Eachpieceoffurnitureintheirhomesuitedthestyleofthehouse.他們家的每件家具都與房子的風(fēng)格相稱。[例2]Weneedtobuysomenewfurniture.我們需要買一些新家具。[造句]這種木料太軟了，不適合用來做家具。[知識拓展](1)apieceoffurniture 一件家具(2)furnishvt. 裝修；布置，設(shè)置；提供；供應(yīng)furnishsth.withsth. 用……布置……furnishsb./sth.withsth.＝furnishsth.tosb./sth. 為某人/某物提供某物befurnishedwith 備有；安裝有(3)furnishedadj. 備有家具的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Eleanormovedintoasmall(furnish)apartment.②Manyproprietors(業(yè)主)trytofurnishtheirhousesantiques.③Thehouseiscrammedwithpriceless(furnish)andworksofart.6mitmentn．承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)[例1]Achievingsuccessatthislevelrequiresamitmentoftimeandenergy.取得這種水平的成就需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間和精力。[例2]Hemadeamitmentthathewouldattendtheceremonyonbehalfofhisschool.他承諾他會代表學(xué)校出席典禮。[造句]演員這一行需要百分之百的投入。_________________________________________________________________[知識拓展](1)makeamitment做出承諾(2)mitv．犯(錯誤、罪行等)；承擔(dān)義務(wù)，使做出保證；投入mitacrime犯罪mitsb./oneselfto(doing)sth.承諾(做)某事(3)mittedadj.盡心盡力的；堅(jiān)定的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空。①Countriesaroundtheworldhavealreadymittedthemselvesto(set)upaClimateAdaptationFund.②Theyoungmanwhohad(mit)acrimewascaughtbythepolicelastnight.③Theyare(mit)socialists.7.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遺憾地[例1]Unfortunately，insteadofhittingtheball，hehithisownfalseteeth!不幸的是，他沒打到球，反而打到了自己的假牙！[例2]Ican'tmakeit,unfortunately.很遺憾，我來不及。[造句]真可惜我不能參加這次會議。[知識拓展](1)unfortunateadj.不幸的(2)fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的(3)fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地(4)fortunen．機(jī)遇；運(yùn)氣makeafortune發(fā)財(cái)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Whilestayingwithme，hetalkedofthe(fortunate)accident.和我待在一起時(shí)，他談起了那個不幸的事故。②Itis(fortune)forhimtogetsuchavaluablechance.能得到那樣一個寶貴的機(jī)會，他真是幸運(yùn)。③Theyoungmandecidedtomakefortuneinthatcity,butfailed.8.crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的[例1]LifewascrueltoOliverwhenhewasyoung.奧利佛小時(shí)候生活對他很殘忍。[例2]Herfather'sdeathwasacruelblow.父親去世對她是一大打擊。[翻譯]有些人不吃肉，因?yàn)樗麄冇X得吃動物太殘忍。_________________________________________________________________[知識拓展]becruelto對……殘忍cruellyadv.殘忍地；殘酷地crueltyn.殘忍；殘酷[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Youshouldn’thavetreatedthepetdogso(cruel)．②Itwashis(cruel)thatforcedhiswifetoleavetheirhome.endurancen．忍耐力；耐久力[例1]Heshowedremarkableendurancethroughouthisillness.他在生病期間表現(xiàn)出非凡的忍耐力。[例2]Thiseventtestsbothphysicalandmentalendurance.該比賽項(xiàng)目既是對體力也是對心理承受力的考驗(yàn)。[造句]他們被羞辱到忍無可忍的地步。[知識拓展](1)beyondendurance忍無可忍(2)endurev．忍耐；忍受enduredoingsth.忍耐做某事(3)endurableadj.可以忍受的；耐用的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Hedecidedtohelpthosechildren(endure)thepoorlivingconditions.．②Hecan’tendure(defeat)byhispartner.③Ifeltthatlifewasnolonger(endure)．a(chǎn)ssignvt.分派；布置；分配[例1]Occasionally，Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned，butIdidn’tenjoythistypeofreading.偶爾，我會讀一本指定的小說，但是我并不喜歡這種閱讀類型。[例2]Assignadifferentcolourtoeachdifferenttypeofinformation.給每類信息分別確定一種顏色。[造句]他安排我做了一名會計(jì)。[知識拓展](1)assignvt.分配，分派，指派(任務(wù))assign...to...把……分配給……(2)assignmentn．分配的工作、任務(wù)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Theteacher(assign)adifferenttasktoeachofthechildren.②Youneedtopletethree(assign)eachweek.③Hewasnotsatisfiedwiththecarwhich(assign)tohim11.turnsb.down拒絕(某人)[例1]Iamafraidourbosswillturnmedown.我害怕我老板會拒絕我。[例2]Hehasbeenturneddownfortenjobssofar.到目前為止他申請的十份工作都遭到了拒絕。[造句]你認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該拒絕他的報(bào)價(jià)嗎？[知識拓展]turndown 調(diào)小turnup 出現(xiàn)；到場；開大；調(diào)高音量turnaround/round 轉(zhuǎn)身turnout 證明是；結(jié)果是turnto 轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于；查閱turnover 翻轉(zhuǎn)；移交turnon/off 打開/關(guān)閉(開關(guān))turnin 上交turninto 變成[即學(xué)即練]用turn短語填空Thepartywasalmostover，butJanestilldidn't.Tomwasverydisappointed.Hedidn'tknowwhyJanedidn'thisinvitationifshedidn'twanttoe.Hethebottlesonthetables，andtherestguestsleftthehallinshock.holdon稍等；挺??；堅(jiān)持??；(打)別掛斷[例1]Canyouholdon？I'llseeifhe'shere.等一下行嗎？我去看看他在不在。[例2]Janeisdeterminedtoholdontoherfortune.簡決心要守住自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)。[造句]等一會兒，我得化妝一下。.[知識拓展]holdup 支撐起；承受住；延遲，阻礙；搶劫holdonto 抓緊；不放開；保留；堅(jiān)持holdback 阻擋；阻攔；隱瞞；控制holddown 壓制；限制holdout (在困境中)堅(jiān)持；伸出；提供；維持；忍耐[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空。①Thechairistooweaktoholdsuchafatman.②Canyouholdonthoseticketsforme?giveoff放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)[例1]Bicyclesareenvironmentallyfriendlybecausetheywon’tgiveoffwastegas.自行車不會排放廢氣，因此它們是環(huán)保的。[例2]Firefliesgiveoffflashesoflightwhentheyflyatnight.螢火蟲夜間飛行時(shí)發(fā)出閃光.[造句]這些花晚上散發(fā)出醉人的芳香.[知識拓展]giveaway捐獻(xiàn)；贈送；頒發(fā)；泄露秘密giveback歸還giveup放棄giveout分發(fā)；發(fā)出光、熱、信號等；公布；精疲力竭[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Well,ifyoudon’twanttoreadit,giveit.②Thegovernmentgavefoodtopeoplewhoareoutofwork.③Weinvitedafamousscientisttogivetheprizes.14.fallinto進(jìn)入(某種狀態(tài))；開始[例1]Iwastootired,soIclimbedintobedandfellintoadeepsleep.我太累了，于是爬上床，酣然入睡。[例2]Keepyouroptionsopenandeverythingwillfallintoplace.給自己留出選擇的余地，一切將會水到渠成。[造句]太多人都掉進(jìn)了這個陷阱中[知識拓展]falloff掉下來；減少；下降fallbehind落在后面falldown摔倒fallover跌倒；倒下[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空。①M(fèi)anyofthestonefigureshadbeenstolenandotherswerefallingpieces.②Ingeneral,salesalwaysfallinthewintermonths.③Aftertenmiles,Tomwastiredandstartedtofall15.keepup保持，繼續(xù)；不使(斗志)低落[例1]Keepitupandyouwillsucceedintime.保持下去，最終你會成功的。[例2]Thingsarechangingsofast,it'shardtokeepup.事情變化得太快了，很難跟上形勢。[翻譯]Esmay經(jīng)常演奏小提琴來使我們精神高漲_________________________________________________________________[知識拓展]keepupwith跟上，保持同步keepawayfrom避免接近；遠(yuǎn)離keepoff避開[即學(xué)即練]用keep的各短語填空。①Hedesiredtohisclassmates，buthewastooweak.②I’mtryingtofattyfoods.③Whenthemachineisinoperation，it.Step3Grammar現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1．構(gòu)成：have/has＋been＋現(xiàn)在分詞2．用法(1)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動作從過去某一時(shí)刻開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或離現(xiàn)在不遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)間，其動作是否繼續(xù)下去，則由上下文而定。這個時(shí)態(tài)多用于延續(xù)性動詞，如live，learn，lie，stay，sit，wait，stand，rest，study等，并常和allthisweek，thismonth，allnight，allthemorning，recently等時(shí)間狀語以及since和for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用(與since和for連用時(shí)，動作常會繼續(xù)下去)。Ihavebeenwaitingforanhourandhestillhasn’tturnedup.我已經(jīng)等了一個小時(shí)了，可他還沒來。I’vebeenwritinglettersallthismorning.整個上午我一直在寫信。Howlonghaveyoubeenlivinghere?你在這里住了多久了？(2)有時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)所表示的動作并不是一直在不停地進(jìn)行，而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復(fù)。這時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可用于瞬間動詞。He’sbeenshavingsincelastyear.他從去年開始就一直刮臉。Youhavebeensayingforayearthatyouwillstudyabroad.整整一年你都在說要出國學(xué)習(xí)。3．現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)中時(shí)間狀語的省略現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)在上下文清楚時(shí)亦可不用時(shí)間狀語。這種現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)多指“剛才”或“近來”發(fā)生的動作，一般不再繼續(xù)，并往往含有一種直接的結(jié)果。You’vebeenworkingtoohard.你工作太辛苦了。(直接結(jié)果可能是你一定很累了)You’vebeensmokingagain.你又抽煙了。(暗含結(jié)果是你身上有煙味)4．現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的感情色彩現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和其他進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)一樣，也可以帶有感情色彩。Ihavebeenwantingtomeetyouforalongtime.和你見面是我盼望已久的事。Toomuchhasbeenhappeningtoday.今天發(fā)生太多事了。二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是兼有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)二者基本特點(diǎn)的時(shí)態(tài)。由于它有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特點(diǎn)，所以它可以表示某一動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響；由于它有現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特點(diǎn)，所以它也可以表示某一動作的延續(xù)性、臨時(shí)性、重復(fù)性、生動性乃至感情色彩?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較：1．現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示動作的重復(fù)，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般不表示重復(fù)性。Haveyoubeenmeetinghimrecently?你最近常和他見面嗎？Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近見過他嗎？2．現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)含有感情色彩，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般是平鋪直敘。Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.我一直等了你兩個小時(shí)。(可能表示不滿)Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.我等了你兩個小時(shí)。(說明一個事實(shí))3．現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。Whohasbeeneatingtheoranges?誰一直在吃橘子呀？(還剩余一些)Whohaseatentheoranges?誰把橘子吃了？(強(qiáng)調(diào)吃得一個不剩)4．有些動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：表示狀態(tài)的動詞：be，have，exist等；表示感情的動詞：like，love等；表示感覺的動詞：see，hear，know等。IhavelikedjazzsinceIwasateenager.從青少年起我就喜歡爵士樂了。Ihaveknownherforalongtime.我認(rèn)識她已經(jīng)很長時(shí)間了。5．與一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)；但與次數(shù)連用時(shí)只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。6．這兩種時(shí)態(tài)都可以表示動作的延續(xù)，區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性，可以說是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。Wehavebeenlivingherefortenyears.Wehavelivedherefortenyears.我們在這里住了十年了。7．在沒有時(shí)間狀語的情況下，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動作仍在進(jìn)行而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則表示動作到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束。Thestudentshavebeenpreparingfortheexam.學(xué)生們一直在為考試做準(zhǔn)備。(還在進(jìn)行)Thestudentshavepreparedfortheexam.學(xué)生們?yōu)榭荚囎隽藴?zhǔn)備。(已經(jīng)結(jié)束)Step4總結(jié)優(yōu)化（老師總結(jié)）序號老師總結(jié)要點(diǎn)1234Step5隨堂測試（驗(yàn)證效果）鞏固詞匯單句語法填空1.Previousteachingexperienceisanecessary(qualify)forthisjob.2.Thefactisthatthenewtoygivesaterriblesmell.3.Whentheysawtheterriblescene，theyallfellapanic.4.Unluckily，theyfailedtoreacha(mit)intheend.5.Thechildwasfound(abandon)butunharmed.6.Ineededtosortmy(belong)atthattime.7.Walterwasgoingtospeak，buthisuncleheldhishand.8.Wedrankteabylamplightinhis(furnish)house.9.Wehavehadlotsof(apply)forthesepositions.10.Sheimpatientlyturnedmyrequest.11.Iwilltrytofinishthework(assign)tomeaheadoftime.12.Ireallyadmiredhis(endure)whenhelookedafterlittlechildren.13.(fortunately)，thetwoboyswerebothinjuredintheaccident.14.Itiswrongofyoutotreatyournewclassmatesso(cruel)．課文語法填空Ihavebeendreaming1.anexpeditiontotheSouthPolewithShackleton.ButShackletonturnedme2..Ihidinasmallcupboardintheship.3.(final)，Shackletonfoundmeandassignedme4.(be)asteward.Thejourneywasnoteasy.Endurancebecame5.(stick)intheice.Andfinallyit6.(sink).Shackletoncalledustorescueourmostessential7.(supply).Wecampedontheiceandmanagedtosurvive.Westruggledfordays，crowdingtogetherunderoneofourboats.Shackletonleft8.SouthGeorgiaIslandtofindhelp.Therewasnofoodexceptsealsandpenguins.Itriedtothinkofhappierthings.9.FrankandErnest'sconcern，their10.(perserve)andtheirresolve，wewerefilledwithhope.夯實(shí)語法Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.2．Thetwofriends(chat)ontheInternetforthreehours，andtheywillgoontillnextmorning.3．—Howlonghaveyou(work)inthefactory?—Since1990.4．Inordertofindthemissingchild，villagers(do)alltheycanoverthepastfivehours.5．Themanager(tell)theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9am.6．She(recite)thewordsalltheevening.7．I(tell)hermanytimes，butshestillmakesthesamemistake.8．He(wait)foryouforawholeday.9．SheisthemostbeautifulgirlI(see)．10．Itisthefirsttimethatshe(read)suchaninterestingbook.Ⅱ.完成句子1．IfIhadenoughmoney，Iforfurthereducation.要是我有足夠的錢，我就把那個男孩送到那個國家深造了。2．Yoursonhasarrivedatthehall.?你兒子到達(dá)大廳了。要是有人不讓他進(jìn)去怎么辦？3．WhenIturnedaround，Isawanoldman.我轉(zhuǎn)過身來，看到了一位正在生火的老人。4．Theyoungmanrefusedto，whichmadehimangry.那個年輕人拒絕做出承諾，這讓他很生氣。5．Imustfindoutwhatisinthecorner.Step6復(fù)述總結(jié)（自我總結(jié)）序號自我總結(jié)（學(xué)生填寫）1234Step7強(qiáng)化提升請從下表中選擇合適的詞匯并用其適當(dāng)形式完成此文。eq\x(stay，imagine，live，need，starve，change，burn，help，success，rescue)WewatchedasShackletonandtheboatsailedawayfromElephantIsland.Itwaseasy1.thedangeraheadofthem.Lifefellintoaregularpattern.Staying2.tookallourtimeandenergy.We3.water，andElephantIslandhadnone.Foodwasalsoaproblem，aswedidnotfindanyvegetablesorfruitontheisland.Ifitweren’tforseaanimals,we4..Wehadtobecarefulnottogooutsidetoooften,asthe5.temperaturescouldmakeusill.Manyofusalsobecameillfromtheblacksmokeoftheanimalfatwe6.forourfires.Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticand7.usdealwithourfearsinapositiveand8.way.Whenwewerefinally9,wefeltsuchreliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.OuroptimismandfaithinShackletonhadhelpedusperseverein10.alive.完型填空Onemorning，OralLeeBrownstoppedbyalocalgrocerystoretomakeherusualpurchases.AlittlegirlapproachedBrowntoaskforaquarteronthisparticularday.Becauseallshehadwasa$5bill，Browninvitedthelittlegirlwithhertothestoretogetsome1.Insidethestore，Browntoldthelittlegirlshecould2anythingshewanted.Insteadofchoosingcandyorgums，whichwouldhavebeenthefirstchoiceformostkids，thelittlegirlimmediatelyranforaloafofbread.Brownaskedthegirlifshewenttoschool.She3responded，“Sometimes，”assheshyly4Brownandquicklydisappearedaroundthecorner.Thatnight，Browncouldn’tsleep.She5shehadtofindthepoorlittlegirl.Shewenttotheschoolthegirlwouldmostlikelyattend，butinvain.6，shefoundmanyothersimilarchildreninlessidealconditions.Browndecidedto“7”aclassof23first-graders.Shetoldthem，“Stayinschool，andI’ll8youtocollege.”Toachievethis9goal，Brownbegansavingmoney，puttingaside$10,000peryearfromher$45,000salary.Fromthatdayon，Browndidmorethansimplymakea(n)10tothechildren；shebecameanactivepartoftheirlives，beginningwithregularvisitsandparentmeetings.Nineteenofthestudentswere11tocollegeandtheyallgraduatedfromcollegein2003and2004.Brownisnowworkingonhersixthclassof“adopted”students.Morethan125youngpeoplehavebenefitedfromher12.Ifithadn’tbeenforBrown，theywouldneverhavebeengivensucha13opportunityforcollegeeducation.Withherlifeambitionfoundintheworkof14otherstoachieveundreamed-ofgoals，Brownembodiesthevaluesofhelpingothersandtruly15howtopassthevalueson.1．A.fruit B．foodC．drink D．loan2．A.pointout B．giveawayC．pickout D．findout3．A.quietly B．loudlyC．proudly D．impatiently4．A.pushed B．touchedC．thanked D．greeted5．A.supposed B．hopedC．knew D．expected6．A.Instead B．AsaresultC．Therefore D．Inadvance7．A.follow B．startC．teach D．a(chǎn)dopt8．A.deliver B．sendC．walk D．collect9．A.great B．easyC．impossible D．simple10．A.agreement B．decisionC．a(chǎn)ppointment D．promise11．A.accepted B．a(chǎn)dmittedC．cured D．brought12．A.generosity B．exampleC．wisdom D．honesty13．A.ridiculous B．suitableC．valuable D．practical14．A.leading B．persuadingC．telling D．supporting15．A.donates B．showsC．learns D．understands閱讀理解AAnecdotalevidencehaslongheldthatcreativityinartistsandwriterscanbeassociatedwithlivinginforeignparts.RudyardKipling，PabloPicasso，ErnestHemingway，PaulGauguin，SamuelBeckettandothersspentyearslivingabroad.Nowapairofpsychologistshasproventhatthereisindeedalink.AstheyreportintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology，WilliamMadduxofINSEAD，abusinessschoolinFontainebleau，F(xiàn)rance，andAdamGalinsky，oftheKelloggSchoolofManagementinChicago，presented155Americanbusinessstudentsand55foreignonesstudyinginAmericawithatestusedbypsychologistsasameasureofcreativity.Givenacandle，somematchesandaboxofdrawingpins，thestudentswereaskedtoattachthecandletoacardboardwallsothatnowaxwoulddriponthefloorwhenthecandlewaslit.(Thesolutionistousetheboxasacandleholderandfixittothewallwiththepin.)Theyfound60%ofthestudentswhowereeitherlivingabroadorhadspentsometimedoingso，solvedtheproblem，whereasonly42%ofthosewhohadnotlivedabroaddidso.Afollow-upstudywith72Americansand36foreignersexploredtheircreativenegotiatingskills.Pairsofstudentswereaskedtoplaytheroleofsellerofapetrolstationwhothenneededtogetajobandabuyerwhowouldneedtohirestafftorunthebusiness.Thetwowerelikelytoreachadeadlockbecausethebuyerhadbeentoldhecouldnotaffordwhatthesellerwastoldwashisminimumprice.Nevertheless，whenbothnegotiatorshadlivedabroad70%struckadealinwhichthesellerwasofferedamanagementjobatthepetrolstationinreturnforaloweraskingprice.Whenneitherofthenegotiatorshadlivedabroad，nonewasabletoreachadeal.Merelytravellingabroad，however，wasnotenough.Youdohavetolivethere.Packingyourbeachtowelandsuntanlotionwillnot，byitself，makeyouHemingway.1．Whatisthepurposeofmentioningthefamousnamesintheopeningparagraph?A．Toshowtherelationshipbetweencreativityandlivingabroad.B．Toindicatethelinkbetweenartisticcreationandlifeexperience.C．Toemphasizehowgreattheseartistsare.D．Toimpresstheimportanceofcreativity.2．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．WilliamMadduxandAdamGalinskyhavecarefullydesignedthetest.B．Negotiatorswhohadlivedabroadaremoreflexibleinnegotiating.C．Americanbusinessstudentsarelesscreativethanthoseoverseastudents.D．One’screativityisassociatedwiththelengthonehasspentabroad.3．Whatdoestheauthormeaninthelastsentenceofthelastparagraph?A．Thereexistsharpdifferencesbetweentravellingandlivingabroad.B．Youshouldn’tlieonthebeachwhentravelling.C．Onlyrealexperienceoflivingabroadcanhelpdrivecreativity.D．Livingabroadismoremeaningfulthanjusttravellingabroad.4．Whereisthetextmostlikelytakenfrom?A．Adiary. B．Amagazine.C．Anovel. D．Aguidebook.BNoonecandenythatLeBronJamesgetspaidalotofmoney—butnoonecandenythathehasn’tearnediteither.He’sbrokentherecordsofgreatslikeMichaelJordanandMagicJohnson.He’satalent.ProfessionalathleteslikeLeBrongivetheirlivestotheirsport—totraining,traveling,andpushingthemselvestothelimit.Andwhiletheirlivesmayseemglamorous,thinkaboutthis:Athletesfaceinjuriesthatcanbenotonlycareer-endingbutalsolife-changing.Infact,manyretiredathleteshavelong-termhealthproblemsbecauseofhowhardtheypushontheirbodies.RetiredNewYorkJetsplayerWesleyWalkersaidthathesufferedsomuchpainasaresultofplayingfootballthattodayhecanhardlyopenawaterbottle.Thetoll(代價(jià))aprofessionalathlete’scareertakesonhisorherbodymeansmorethanalifetimeofpain(andmedicalbills);italsomeansashortcareer.Athletesneedtopaythepricethatwillcarrythempastthe5to15yearstheyareabletoplay.Withouttheshow-stoppingperformancesofstarslikeSerenaWilliamsandStephenCurry,manyjobswouldn’texist.Sportsreporters,stadiumworkers,cheerleaders,andcoachesareamongthosewhocanthanktheprofessionalsportsindustryfortheiremployment.Itmayseemunfairthatathletesgetpaidtoplayagame,butrememberwhotheyarereallyplayingfor:us.We’retheoneswhofillstadiumsinrainandsnowtowatchtheirgames,whocrowdaroundthetelevisiontocheerthemon，andwhofeelimmeasurablejoywhenourteamwins.Theworkofprofessionalathletescertainlypaysoffforus.Shouldn’titpayoffforthemtoo?5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“glamorous”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Difficult. B．Tiresome.C．Attractive. D．Organized.6．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．Professionalathleteshavenoideaabouttheirlimits.B．Injuriesareaproblemforprofessionalathletes.C．Retiredprofessionalathletesarebadlytreated.D．Professionalathletes’careersareshort.7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoathletes’highsalaries?A．Doubtful. B．Surprised.C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheMostImpressiveAthletesB．YouCan’tPutaPriceonTalentC．YouShouldn’tPushAthletesHardD．SalariesintheProfessionalSportsIndustry七選五。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Astrongmemorydependsonthehealthandvitality(活力)ofyourbrain.Theysaythatyoucan’tteachanolddognewtricks，butwhenitestothebrain，scientistshavediscoveredthatthisoldsayingsimplyisn’ttrue.1Giveyourbrainaworkout.Memory，likemuscularstrength，requiresyouto“useitorloseit”．Themoreyouworkoutyourbrain，thebetteryou’llbeabletoprocessandrememberinformation.2Don’tskipthephysicalexercise.Whilementalexerciseisimportantforbrainhealth，thatdoesn’tmeanyouneverneedtobreakasweat.Physicalexercisehelpsyourbrainstaysharp.Itincreasesoxygentoyourbrainandreducestheriskofdisordersthatleadtomemoryloss.Getenoughsleep.Thereisabigdifferencebetweentheamountofsleepyoucangetbyonandtheamountyouneedtofunctionatyourbest.3Keepstressincheck.Stressisoneofthebrain’sworstenemies.Overtime，stressdestroysbraincells.Studieshavealsolinkedstresstomemoryloss.Havealaugh.4Thatholdstrueforthebrainandthememory，aswellasthebody.Unlikeemotionalresponses，whicharelimitedtospecificareasofthebrain，laughterengagesmultipleregionsacrossthewholebrain.5Justasthebodyneedsfuel，sodoesthebrain.Youprobablyalreadyknowthatadietbasedonfruits，vegetables，wholegrains，“healthy”fatsandleanproteinwillprovidelotsofhealthbenefits，andsuchadietcanalsoimprovememory.Forbrainhealth，though，it’snotjustwhatyoueat—it’salsowhatyoudon’teat.A．Eatabrain-boostingdiet.B．Playgameswithmemory.C．Laughteristhebestmedicine.D．Butoversleepingisnotgoodforyourbrain.E．Evenskippingafewhoursmakesadifference!F．Youhavetoshakethingsupfromtimetotime!G．Thehumanbrainhasanastonishingabilitytoadaptandchange.語法填空It’smontoseefooddeliveryworkersridingelectricbikesinahurrythroughbigcitiesinChina.Someofthemevenrisk1.(run)redlightstodelivertheirmealsintime.However,suchcarelessbehavioroftencausesseriousproblems.Thereasonfortheriseofsuchacarelessbehavioristhatthereis