桐城中學(xué)20232024學(xué)年度上學(xué)期第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高二英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第I卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在答題卡上；滿分150分，時(shí)間120分鐘。2.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。卷I選擇題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthemanusuallygotothecity?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytrain.2.Whatmattersmosttothewomaninchoosingahotel?A.Theprice.B.Thefood.C.Thesurroundings.3.Whatdidthewomanlikeinherchildhood?A.Reading.B.Exercising.C.Travelling.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheweatherreport?A.Itistimely.B.Itisinaccurate.C.Itisscientific.5.WhydoesMonicajointheTaiChiclub?A.Totrysomethingnew.B.TolearnChineseculture.C.Todohighimpactsports.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthekitchen.B.Inahotel.C.Atagrocerystore.7.Whataretheygoingtoeattonight?A.Rice.B.Salad.C.Potatoesandcarrots.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatprobablyisthewoman'sjob?A.Areporter.B.Abusinesswoman.C.Anartist.9.Whatwillbeexhibited?A.Famouspaintings.B.Impressivefashions.C.Oldphotographs.10.Wherewilltheexhibitionbeheld?A.Intheshoppingmall.B.Oppositethenewsbuilding.C.Onthe17thMainStreet.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howdoesthewomangetadrivingpermit?A.Bywaitingforsixmonths.B.Bypassingawrittentestandaroadtest.CBytakingdrivingschoolandpassingatest.12.Wherecanthewomangetherdrivinglicense?A.Adrivingschool.B.TheDMV.C.Amarket.13.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoaftershegetsherdrivinglicense?A.Buyanewcar.B.Gotoschoolbycar.C.Celebratewithherfriends.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Howdidthespeakersmeettheirfriendsintheirteens?A.Bywaitingbythephone.B.Bytextingtoeachother.C.Bycallingwithasmartphone.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftexting?A.Itisuseless.B.Itisconvenient.C.Itistiring.16.Whatarealotofoldmovieplotsabout?A.Friendship.B.Telephones.C.Missedmunication.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Importanceofsharing.B.Effectsofoversharing.C.Waysofpostingonline.18.Whyaresomepeopleeagertotellyoueverythingabouttheirlife?A.Theywanttoshowoff.B.Theywantyouradvice.C.Theywanttoconnect.19.Whatisaresultofpostingtoomanydetailsofyourlivesonline?A.Peopleshowlessinterest.B.Peoplewanttoknowmore.C.Peopleappreciateyourposts.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremendattheend?A.Hidingourfeelings.B.Sharingpositiveposts.C.Avoidingpostingonline.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）ABikeRental&GuidedToursWeletoAmsterdam,weletoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.WhyMacBikeMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalpanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.PricesHandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.00GuidedCityToursThe2.5hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.1.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike?A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount. B.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.C.Itorganizesfreecycletours. D.Ithasover2,500rentalshops.2.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.3.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyer,Windmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery. D.DamSquare.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在阿姆斯特丹進(jìn)行自行車租賃和雇傭?qū)в尾僮鞣绞?，價(jià)格等細(xì)節(jié)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren’sbikes.(我們提供種類繁多的最新自行車，包括有腳剎的基本自行車、有手剎和帶排擋的自行車、帶兒童座椅的自行車和兒童自行車)”可推知，MacBike的優(yōu)勢是它提供許多類型的自行車。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)定價(jià)表可知，租一輛帶手剎和三檔的自行車一天需要14.75歐元，額外增加天數(shù)每天8歐元。所以租一輛帶手剎和三檔的自行車兩天需要14.75+8=22.75歐元。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.(旅游團(tuán)每小時(shí)從大壩廣場出發(fā)，每天下午1點(diǎn)開始)”可知，導(dǎo)游城市之旅從大壩廣場開始。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】B“Dowhatyoulove,notwhatotherstellyouisright,”saysGeorgiaLinesofNewZealand.Ispokewiththe24yearoldsingersongwriterearlierthismonthaboutherrisetofame.In2022,LineswasnamedbreakthroughartistoftheyearattheannualAotearoamusicawardsceremony.AotearoaistheMaorinameforNewZealand,anislandcountryinthePacificOceanthatishometomorethan5.1millionpeople.Linesmakessuccesslookeasy,butshehasworkedhardtoperfectherskills.“IlovewhatIdo,”shetoldme.“IloveitwhenIgetlostinmusic,andeverythingworkstogether.”Already,LineshasopenedforpopsingerGeorgeEzra.Shehopes“toopenforHarryStylesoneday,”sheadded.Lineshaswrittenmorethan20songsandworkedtogetherwithseveraltopartists,includingJackBurton,AlexJamesandCassieHenderson.“Iloveworkingwithotherpeopleandcooperating,”Linessaid.“IfindIworkbetterwhenI’mwithothers,becausewecanexchangeideaswitheachother.”Whenaskedabouthermusicalambitiongrowingup,Linessmiled.“Iwasneveramusicalgeniusasachild,”shesaid.“ButIalwayslovedsingingandmusic.”Inrecentyears,Lineshasdrawnenthusiasticcrowdsforherconcerts.Thevideoforherhitsong,“NoOneKnows”,wonbestmusicvideooftheyearinNewZealandin2021.Asforherfuturegoals,Linessaidthatshewants“tohaveapromisingcareerandtokeepdoingwhatIlove.”Thatmeansfocusingonherowncareerandartisticachievements.“parisonistherobberofsuccess,“shesaid.“IfIhadstoppedtoparemyselfwithothers,Iwouldn’thavemadeitasfarasIhave.”4.Whatisthemaintopicoftheauthor’sconversationwithLines?A.Herchildhood. B.Herfamily.C.Herstyleofmusic. D.Herwaytosuccess.5.WhatdoweknowaboutLinesfromparagraph5?A.Shelikesteamwork. B.Sherespectstopartistsmost.C.Shehasagiftformusic. D.Shealwayslovesmusic.6.WhatisLinestryingtoavoiddoing?A.Valuingmoneytoomuch. B.Ignoringherfuturecareer.C.paringherselfwithothers. D.Takingothers’suggestions.7.WhichwordbestdescribesLines?A.Honest. B.Knowledgeable. C.Hardworking. D.Kindhearted.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要介紹的是GeorgiaLines的星路歷程。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Ispokewiththe24yearoldsingersongwriterearlierthismonthaboutherrisetofame.(本月早些時(shí)候，我采訪了這位24歲的創(chuàng)作型歌手，談?wù)摿怂某擅贰?”可知，作者與Lines對(duì)話的主題是她的成功之路。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“Iloveworkingwithotherpeopleandcooperating(我喜歡和別人一起工作和合作)”可知，從第五段我們可以知道她喜歡團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的““parisonistherobberofsuccess,“shesaid.“IfIhadstoppedtoparemyselfwithothers,Iwouldn’thavemadeitasfarasIhave.”(“攀比是成功的強(qiáng)盜，”她說?！叭绻彝Ｏ聛砗蛣e人比較，我就不會(huì)取得現(xiàn)在的成就?！?”可知，Lines試圖避免拿自己和別人比較。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Linesmakessuccesslookeasy,butshehasworkedhardtoperfectherskills.(Lines讓成功看起來很容易，但她一直在努力完善自己的技能。)”可知，她很勤奮，可以用hardworking來描述她，故選C。CAstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts,publishedinFrontiersinMedicine,foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniorsstaymentallyactiveandewithahostofadditionalhealthbenefits.That’sbecausethesedigitalconnectionscanmakeretireesfeellesslonelyandisolated(孤立的).Socialisolationhasbeenassociatedwiththerisksforheartdiseaseandthedeclineofrecognitionabilitiesinseniorsandthepandemic(疫情)increasedtherisksduetotheneedforseniorstostayhomeandisolate,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheuniversity.Theresearchersinvestigatedthepotentialbenefitsofweeklyvirtualvisitsforathreemonthperiod.Theparticipantswerepeopleaged65andolderwholivedinMontreal.Halfoftheparticipantstookpartinonlinevisitsandadiscussionafterwards,whilethecontrolgroupdidnotparticipateinanyculturaleventsatall.Thegroupwhoparticipatedinthevirtualvisitsshowedimprovementsintheirqualityoflife.“Ourstudyshowedthatartbasedactivitiesmaybeaneffectiveintervention,”leadauthorDr.OlivierBeauchet,aprofessorattheUniversityofMontreal,saidinthepressrelease.“Onaglobalscale,thisparticipatoryartbasedactivitycouldbeeamodelthatcouldbeofferedinmuseumsandartsinstitutionsworldwidetopromoteactiveandhealthyaging.”TheinitiativereflectsapproachesremendedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationtomanagecertaindiseases,accordingtoBeauchet.Forinstance,theWHOlaunchedtheAgingandHealthProgramin2015thatincludedusingmunitybasedorganizationstopromotecultureasakeyponentofimprovinghealth.Traditionally,thesesortsofpreventivehealthactivitieshavetakenplaceinschools,munitycenters,andworkplaces.“Whilethesearesuitablelocationsthatreachagreatnumberofpeople,thereareadditionalorganizationsandsectorsthatcouldbeepartnersinpublichealthresearchandpracticedevelopment,”Beauchetsaid.“Museumsareamongsuchpotentialpartners.Theyareawareoftheneedsoftheirmunitiesandareconsequentlyexpandingthetypesofactivitiestheyoffer.”8.Howdoseniorsbenefitfromregularvirtualvisitstomuseums?A.Theygetsurvivalskills. B.Theyraiseinterestinart.C.Theyimprovequalityoflife. D.Theyconnectmorewithfamily.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromBeauchet’swordsinParagraph3?A.Participantsefromthewholeworld. B.Themuseumneedsbetterculturalevents.C.Facetofacediscussionisausefulintervention. D.Seniorsshouldattendmoreartbasedactivities.10.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toadvocate. B.Toentertain. C.Toadvertise. D.Towarn.11.Whichmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheAgedFormamunitytoReduceLonelinessB.VirtualArtbasedActivitiesBringPeopleTogetherCOnlineMuseumTripsImproveSeniors’WellbeingD.RetiredIndividualsPayMoreVisitstoMuseums【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了蒙特利爾大學(xué)和蒙特利爾美術(shù)博物館發(fā)表在《醫(yī)學(xué)前沿》上的一項(xiàng)研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)定期虛擬參觀博物館可以幫助老年人保持精神活躍，并帶來許多額外的健康益處?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts,publishedinFrontiersinMedicine,foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniorsstaymentallyactiveandewithahostofadditionalhealthbenefits.That’sbecausethesedigitalconnectionscanmakeretireesfeellesslonelyandisolated(孤立的).(蒙特利爾大學(xué)和蒙特利爾美術(shù)博物館發(fā)表在《醫(yī)學(xué)前沿》上的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，定期虛擬參觀博物館可以幫助老年人保持精神活躍，并帶來許多額外的健康益處。這是因?yàn)檫@些數(shù)字聯(lián)系可以讓退休人員感到不那么孤獨(dú)和孤立)”可知，老年人從定期虛擬參觀博物館中提高了生活質(zhì)量，故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中““Ourstudyshowedthatartbasedactivitiesmaybeaneffectiveintervention,”leadauthorDr.OlivierBeauchet,aprofessorattheUniversityofMontreal,saidinthepressrelease.“Onaglobalscale,thisparticipatoryartbasedactivitycouldbeeamodelthatcouldbeofferedinmuseumsandartsinstitutionsworldwidetopromoteactiveandhealthyaging.”(“我們的研究表明，以藝術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的活動(dòng)可能是一種有效的干預(yù)，”蒙特利爾大學(xué)教授、該研究的主要作者奧利維爾·博切特博士在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上說?！霸谌蚍秶鷥?nèi)，這種參與性的藝術(shù)活動(dòng)可以成為一種模式，可以在世界各地的博物館和藝術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)中提供，以促進(jìn)積極和健康的老齡化。”)”可知，從第三段伯切特的話中可以推斷出老年人應(yīng)該參加更多的藝術(shù)活動(dòng)。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheinitiativereflectsapproachesremendedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationtomanagecertaindiseases,accordingtoBeauchet.Forinstance,theWHOlaunchedtheAgingandHealthProgramin2015thatincludedusingmunitybasedorganizationstopromotecultureasakeyponentofimprovinghealth.(伯切特說，這一倡議反映了世界衛(wèi)生組織推薦的管理某些疾病的方法。例如，世衛(wèi)組織于2015年啟動(dòng)了老齡化與健康規(guī)劃，其中包括利用社區(qū)組織促進(jìn)文化，將其作為改善健康的關(guān)鍵組成部分)”可推知，最后一段的目的是為了提倡和號(hào)召老齡化與健康規(guī)劃。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“AstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealandtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts,publishedinFrontiersinMedicine,foundthatregularvirtualvisitstomuseumscouldhelpseniorsstaymentallyactiveandewithahostofadditionalhealthbenefits.That’sbecausethesedigitalconnectionscanmakeretireesfeellesslonelyandisolated(孤立的).(蒙特利爾大學(xué)和蒙特利爾美術(shù)博物館發(fā)表在《醫(yī)學(xué)前沿》上的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，定期虛擬參觀博物館可以幫助老年人保持精神活躍，并帶來許多額外的健康益處。這是因?yàn)檫@些數(shù)字聯(lián)系可以讓退休人員感到不那么孤獨(dú)和孤立)”結(jié)合文章主要講的是定期虛擬參觀博物館，可以幫助老年人保持精神活躍，并帶來許多額外的健康益處。故C選項(xiàng)“在線博物館之旅改善老年人的健康”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。DClimatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeoplearoundtheworldcausingmoreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthewatercyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevereweathereventsovertime.Increasingglobaltemperaturescauseswatertoriseintotheairinlargeramounts,whichwillleadtohigherlevelsofatmosphericwatervaporandmorefrequent,heavy,andintenserainsintheingyears.Climatescientistspredictthatthisshiftwillleadtomorefloodssincemorewaterwillfallthanvegetationandsoilcanabsorb.Theremainingwater,orrunoff,flowsintonearbywaterways,pickingupcontaminantslikefertilizers(肥料)ontheway.Toomuchrunoffeventuallytravelstolargerbodiesofwaterlikelakes,andtheocean,damagingthewatersupplyandlimitingwateraccessforhumansandecosystems.Whenfertilizersfromfarmingwashintolakesandtheocean,theypromotetherapidgrowthofalgae(藻類).Theseresultingalgalbloomsfillcoastsandwaterwayswithcloudsofgreen,bluegreen,red,orbrownalgae.Theyblocksunlightfromreachingunderwaterlifeandreduceoxygenlevelswithinthewater.Poisonsfromthealgaecankillofffishandotheraquaticanimals,makepeoplesick,andevenkillhumans.Thesepoisonsareespeciallydangerousbecausetheycansurviverainfallprocesses,makingtapwaterunfittoconsumeoncecontaminated.Algalbloomsalsoimpactindustriesthatrelyonthewaterforbusiness,andoftencauselocalwaterfrontstoshutdownduringblooms.Therearemanythingsthateveryonecandotolessentheimpactofclimatechange.Somemeasuresincludegrowingyourownfruitsandvegetablesorbuyinglocallygrownproduce,sinceproduceisoftentransportedtogrocerystoresfromfarawaybytrucks,whichaddmorecarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.Youcouldalsowalkorrideabikeinsteadofdrivingacar.12.Whatisaconsequenceofclimatechangeaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Extremeweather. B.Watersupply. C.Watercycle. D.Pollutedatmosphere.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminants”inparagraph2mean?A.Nutrients. B.Soils. C.Pollutants. D.Organisms.14.Whatdoestheauthortellustodointhelastparagraph?A.Mastersomewaystodofarmingwork. B.Buymoreforeignfruitsandvegetables.C.Havearegularexerciselikewalking. D.Formsomehabitsofreducingcarbondioxide.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.CausesofClimateChange. B.HarmClimateChangeDoestoHumans.C.ImpactsofClimateChangeonWaterAccess. D.WaystoLessentheImpactsofClimateChange.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述氣候變化已經(jīng)影響到全世界人民的用水，造成了更嚴(yán)重的干旱和洪水。而我們每個(gè)人都可以做很多事情來減輕氣候變化的影響?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeoplearoundtheworld,causingmoreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthewatercyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevereweathereventsovertime.(氣候變化已經(jīng)影響到全世界人民的用水，造成了更嚴(yán)重的干旱和洪水。氣候變化通過影響降雨的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和數(shù)量來影響水循環(huán)。隨著時(shí)間的推移，這也會(huì)導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的天氣事件。)”可知，氣候變化會(huì)引起極端天氣。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。由文章第二段“Theremainingwater,orrunoff,flowsintonearbywaterways,pickingupcontaminantslikefertilizersontheway.Toomuchrunoffeventuallytravelstolargerbodiesofwaterlikelakes,andtheocean,damagingthewatersupplyandlimitingwateraccessforhumansandecosystems.(剩余的水或徑流會(huì)流入附近的水道，在途中收集肥料等的。過多的徑流最終會(huì)流向更大的水體，如湖泊和海洋，從而破壞供水，限制人類和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的用水。)”可知，最終這些徑流會(huì)破壞人類和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的用水，所以猜測contaminants應(yīng)表示“污染物”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段“Therearemanythingsthateveryonecandotolessentheimpactofclimatechange.Somemeasuresincludegrowingyourownfruitsandvegetablesorbuyinglocallygrownproduce,sinceproduceisoftentransportedtogrocerystoresfromfarawaybytrucks,whichaddmorecarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.Youcouldalsowalkorrideabikeinsteadofdrivingacar.(每個(gè)人都可以做很多事情來減輕氣候變化的影響。一些措施包括種植自己的水果和蔬菜，或購買當(dāng)?shù)胤N植的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，因?yàn)檗r(nóng)產(chǎn)品通常由卡車從很遠(yuǎn)的地方運(yùn)到雜貨店，這會(huì)增加大氣中的二氧化碳。你也可以步行或騎自行車代替開車。)”可知，我們可以做很多事來來減輕氣候變化的影響。其中包括做一些可減少二氧化碳的事情。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeoplearoundtheworld,causingmoreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthewatercyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevereweathereventsovertime.Increasingglobaltemperaturescauseswatertoriseintotheairinlargeramounts,whichwillleadtohigherlevelsofatmosphericwatervaporandmorefrequent,heavy,andintenserainsintheingyears.(氣候變化已經(jīng)影響到全世界人民的用水，造成了更嚴(yán)重的干旱和洪水。氣候變化通過影響降雨的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和數(shù)量來影響水循環(huán)。隨著時(shí)間的推移，這也會(huì)導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的天氣事件。全球氣溫升高會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多的水上升到空氣中，這將導(dǎo)致未來幾年更高水平的大氣水蒸氣和更頻繁的暴雨。)”以及后文可知，文章主要講述氣候變化已經(jīng)影響到全世界人民的用水。所以C項(xiàng)ImpactsofClimateChangeonWaterAccess.(氣候變化對(duì)用水的影響)符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。It’smontofeelhungryandtakeasnackthroughouttheday.____16____Butifyoufindyourselfalwaysfeelinghungryandreachingforasnack,youmightaskyourself:AmIreallyhungry,oramIbored?Whattypeofhunger?Therearedifferenttypesofhunger:Physicalhungerandpsychological(心理的)hunger.Ifyouarefeelingphysicaleffectsofhunger,likearumbling(轆轆聲的)stomachoraheadache,yourbodyisinneedoffoodtokeepgoing.Butifyou“think”you’rehungry,itmightbepsychologicalhunger.Hungerisanormalsensethatmakesyouwanttoeat.Yourbodytellsyourbrainthatyourstomachisempty.Avoidgoinglongperiodswithouteatingoreatingverylargemeals.____17____AmIhungry?Onetiptoavoidfillingyourpsychologicalhungeristowait20to30minutesafteryoufirst“feel”hungry.____18____Ifyouhavesomeillnessthatrequiresbloodsugarlevels,thenyou’llwanttofollowyourdoctor’ssuggestions.Planahead____19____Haveanideatofillthetimeandavoidboredom,liketakingawalk,readingabookorpletingatask.Keepingafooddiaryforaweekcanbeapowerfultoolforyoutobeemoreawareofyoureatinghabitsandpossiblecausesforemotionaleating.____20____Often,beingthirstyanddehydration(脫水)canbemisunderstoodashunger.Nexttimeyouwantasnack,trydrinkingaglassofwaterfirst!A.Youarestrugglingwithbeingfat.B.Youcantakemeasuresinadvanceforit.C.Moreover,youcantrydrinkingaglassofwater.D.Hungerusuallymakessomepeoplefeelunhappy.E.If,afterthattime,youarestillhungry,it’stimetoeat.F.Infact,ifitisdoneproperly,there’snothingwrongwithit.G.Instead,takeamomenttoconsiderthetypeofhungerbeforeeating.【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要說明如何分辨自己是否是真的饑餓，以及解決無聊時(shí)不斷進(jìn)食的問題?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“It’smontofeelhungryandtakeasnackthroughouttheday.(一天中感到饑餓和吃零食是很常見的)”可知，一感到饑餓就吃東西是一種普遍現(xiàn)象，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，如果做得好，并沒有什么問題”是對(duì)上句的承接，且F項(xiàng)中的假設(shè)“ifitisdoneproperly”與下句中的假設(shè)“Butifyoufindyourselfalwaysfeelinghungryandreachingforasnack(但如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己總是覺得餓，想要吃點(diǎn)零食)”形成對(duì)比，引出了下句，故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Whattypeofhunger?(什么類型的饑餓？)”以及前文“Avoidgoinglongperiodswithouteatingoreatingverylargemeals.(避免長時(shí)間不吃東西或吃得太多)”可知，本段主要是講要區(qū)分饑餓類型，空處與前文是講述區(qū)分饑餓類型后建議采取的措施，G項(xiàng)“相反，在吃東西之前，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間考慮一下饑餓的類型”符合語境，故選G。【18題詳解】上文“Onetiptoavoidfillingyourpsychologicalhungeristowait20to30minutesafteryoufirst‘feel’hungry.(避免填補(bǔ)心理饑餓感的一個(gè)建議是，在你第一次‘感到’饑餓后再等20到30分鐘)”提到第一次‘感到’饑餓后再等20到30分鐘，空處應(yīng)是描述這段時(shí)間之后的情況，E項(xiàng)“如果過了這段時(shí)間，你還是覺得餓，那就該吃東西了”順承上文，符合語境，E項(xiàng)中的“thattime”指代上文的“20to30minutes”，故選E。【19題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Planahead(提前計(jì)劃)”可知，本段主要是說要提前計(jì)劃，B項(xiàng)“你可以提前采取措施”與小標(biāo)題呼應(yīng)，故選B。【20題詳解】上文“Haveanideatofillthetimeandavoidboredom,liketakingawalk,readingabookorpletingatask.Keepingafooddiaryforaweekcanbeapowerfultoolforyoutobeemoreawareofyoureatinghabitsandpossiblecausesforemotionaleating.(想一個(gè)辦法來填補(bǔ)時(shí)間，避免無聊，比如散步，讀書或完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。保持一周的飲食日記可以成為一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的工具，讓你更加了解你的飲食習(xí)慣和可能導(dǎo)致情緒化飲食的原因)”提到了兩個(gè)具體的應(yīng)對(duì)假性饑餓的措施，C項(xiàng)“此外，你可以試著喝一杯水”也是一個(gè)應(yīng)對(duì)措施，同時(shí)引出下文“Often,beingthirstyanddehydration(脫水)canbemisunderstoodashunger.Nexttimeyouwantasnack,trydrinkingaglassofwaterfirst!(通常，口渴和脫水會(huì)被誤解為饑餓。下次你想吃零食的時(shí)候，試著先喝杯水)”有關(guān)饑餓和飲水的敘述，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）JoeSimpsonandSimonYateswerethefirstpeopletoclimbtheWestFaceoftheSiulaGrandeintheAndesMountains.Theyreachedthetop____21____,butontheirwaybackconditionswerevery____22____.Joefellandbrokehisleg.TheybothknewthatifSimon____23____alone,hewouldprobablygetbacksafely.ButSimondecidedtoriskhis____24____andtrytolowerJoedownthemountainonarope.Astheywentdown,theweathergotworse.Thenanother____25____occurred.Theycouldn'tseeorheareachotherand,____26____,Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁).Itwas____27____forJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.Joe's____28____waspullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice.____29____,aftermorethananhourinthedarkandtheicycold,Simonhadtomakeadecision.Intears,hecuttherope.Joe____30____intoahugecrevasse(裂縫)intheicebelow.Hehadnofoodorwaterandhewasinterriblepain.Hecouldn'twalk,buthe____31____togetoutofthecrevasseandstartedto____32____towardstheircamp,nearlytenkilometresaway.Simonhad____33____thecampatthefootofthemountain.HethoughtthatJoemustbe____34____,buthedidn'twanttoleaveimmediately.Threedayslater,inthemiddleofthenight,heheardJoe'svoice.Hecouldn't____35____it.Joewasthere,afewmetresfromtheirtent,stillalive.21.A.hurriedly B.carefully C.instantly D.successfully22.A.difficult B.stable C.special D.normal23.A.climbed B.continued C.worked D.rested24.A.fortune B.time C.health D.life25.A.damage B.change C.trouble D.storm26.A.bymistake B.bychance C.bychoice D.bydesign27.A.unnecessary B.practical C.important D.impossible28.A.height B.weight C.strength D.equipment29.A.Casually B.Patiently C.Finally D.Quickly30.A.jumped B.fell C.escaped D.backed31.A.waited B.planned C.managed D.hoped32.A.move B.run C.skate D.march33.A.headedfor B.travelledto C.leftfor D.returnedto34.A.dead B.hurt C.weak D.late35.A.find B.make C.believe D.accept【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.D25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.C32.A33.D34.A35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了英國登山家喬?辛普森和西蒙?耶茨攀登秘魯境內(nèi)安第斯山脈的SiulaGrande峰時(shí)的遭遇，他們成功在西坡登頂。但是在下山時(shí)卻遇到了困難，喬腿部受傷，西蒙不得不放棄喬，西蒙本以為喬會(huì)死掉，結(jié)果三天后，喬奇跡般的走回了營地?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們成功地到達(dá)了山頂，但是在返回的路上情況非常艱難。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.carefully仔細(xì)地；C.instantly立刻；D.successfully成功地；根據(jù)上文“JoeSimpsonandSimonYateswerethefirstpeopletoclimbtheWestFaceoftheSiulaGrandeintheAndesmountains”可知，他們成功地到達(dá)了山頂。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們成功地到達(dá)了山頂，但是在返回的路上情況非常艱難。A.difficult困難的；B.stable穩(wěn)定的；C.special特別的；D.normal正常的。根據(jù)下文“Joefellandbrokehisleg”可知，下山的路是很艱難的，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們都知道，如果西蒙繼續(xù)一個(gè)人走，他很可能會(huì)安全的回來。A.climbed爬；B.continued繼續(xù)；C.worked工作；D.rested休息。根據(jù)上文可知，喬受傷了，所以西蒙如果不管喬，一個(gè)人繼續(xù)下山，他很可能會(huì)安全的回來。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是西蒙決定冒著生命危險(xiǎn)，試著用繩子把喬吊下山。A.fortune財(cái)富；B.time時(shí)間；C.health健康；D.life生活，生命。在困難的情況下西蒙帶上受傷的同伴是在冒著生命的危險(xiǎn)。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后另一個(gè)麻煩隨之而來。A.damage損壞；B.change改變；C.trouble麻煩；D.storm暴風(fēng)雨。根據(jù)上文可知喬受傷就是一個(gè)麻煩事了，所以天氣的惡劣對(duì)他們來說是另一個(gè)麻煩。故選C。【26題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：他們看不見對(duì)方，也聽不見對(duì)方說話，西蒙誤把他的朋友放在了懸崖邊。A.bymistake錯(cuò)誤地；B.bychance偶然地；C.bychoice出于選擇；D.bydesign故意地，蓄意地。由于惡劣的天氣他們看不清楚也聽不清楚，因而西蒙錯(cuò)誤地把喬用繩子放到了懸崖邊，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：喬不可能爬回來，西蒙也不可能把他拉上來。A.unnecessary沒必要的；B.practical實(shí)際的；C.important重要的；D.impossible不可能的。因?yàn)閱淌芰藗?，而又是在懸崖邊，所以?duì)于喬來說爬上來是不可能的，西蒙也是不可能下去救他，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：喬的重量慢慢地把西蒙拉向懸崖。A.height高度；B.weight重量；C.strength力氣；D.equipment設(shè)備。根據(jù)故事內(nèi)容可知西蒙是在用繩子把喬往山下送，所以能影響到西蒙的是喬的重量，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，在黑暗和冰冷中呆了一個(gè)多小時(shí)后，西蒙不得不做出決定。A.Casually隨意地；B.Patiently耐心地；C.Finally最終，最后；D.Quickly快地。西蒙堅(jiān)持到最后，不忍心放棄他的同伴，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：喬掉入了一個(gè)巨大的裂縫下面的冰上。A.jumped跳；B.fell摔倒，掉下；C.escaped逃脫；D.backed支持。根據(jù)上文“Intears,hecuttherope.”可知，他割掉繩子，所以喬是摔了下去。故選B。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他不能走路，但他設(shè)法走出裂縫，開始向他們的營地移動(dòng)，近10公里遠(yuǎn)。A.waited等待；B.planned計(jì)劃；C.managed管理；D.hoped希望。根據(jù)下文可知喬成功的爬回營地，活了下來。所以這是他設(shè)法走出裂縫的結(jié)果。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他不能走路，但他設(shè)法走出裂縫，開始向他們的營地移動(dòng)，近10公里遠(yuǎn)。A.move移動(dòng)；B.run跑，經(jīng)營；C.skate滑冰；D.march行軍。因?yàn)閱淌軅?，所以是慢慢移?dòng)著。故選A。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：西蒙已經(jīng)回到山腳下的營地。A.headedfor朝......進(jìn)發(fā)；B.travelledto旅行去某地；C.leftfor動(dòng)身去......；D.returnedto回到。根據(jù)下文“hedidn'twanttoleave”可知，他回到營地了，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他認(rèn)為喬一定是死了，但他不想馬上離開。A.dead死的；B.hurt受傷的；C.weak虛弱的；D.late遲的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，在那種極端的情況下，他以為喬會(huì)死掉，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他簡直不敢相信。A.find發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.make使，制作；C.believe相信；D.accept接受。根據(jù)下文“Joewasthere，afewmetersfromtheirtent，stillalive.”可知他沒想到喬會(huì)活著回來，所以不敢相信自己的眼睛。故選C。卷Ⅱ非選擇題第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ItisnosecretthatChinahasan____36____(incredible)rich,plexandancienthistoryandculture.MyfirstexposuretoChineseculturecameataveryearlyage,totallybychance.At8,Iwalkedintoabookshopandpickedabookfromoneofthe____37____(shelf).Nevertheless,thebookturnedouttobethe“TaoTeChing,”adeeplyphilosophicalbookofTaoism.As____38____8yearold,thebook’scontentwasobviouslylostonme,butitprovidedmewithanearlyconnectiontoaprofoundphilosophicaltraditionby____39____Iamstillinfluencedtoday.AtschoolIbeganstudyingChinese.Myinterestinthelanguagedevelopedearlyon,____40____(bine)myloveoftravellingwithmyloveofmeetingnewpeople.IamluckyenoughtohavelivedinChinaforthreeyears.Itwasagoodopportunityformetoexperiencethe____41____(nation)diversecustomsandtraditions.Cultureandfoodarecloselyconnectedandperhapsnowhereelsecanthisbeseenmoreclearly____42____inChina.Inrecentyearsthere____43___