Unit3語法名詞的數(shù)和Therebe句型【知識要點】課前U3詞匯檢測根據(jù)句意及首字母提示填寫單詞，使句子完整、通順。1.Ihopewecanp____________ourEarthtogether.2.Somechildrenhavetheiro____________toysbutsomedon’t.3.Thepeopleherec____________fishintherivertomakealiving.4.Ifthewaterinthisriverisverydirty,itwillk____________lotsoffishinit.5.Weneedtoknowthef____________,sodon’ttellusa,lie(謊言).6.Itisaboutonek____________frommyhometothelibrary.7.Theteacheraskedthestudenttowritear____________abouttheairpollution.8.Look!Somefarmersareworkinginthef____________.9.Wewillhaveaq____________nextSaturday,soIfeelalittlenervous.10.Youm____________finishyourhomeworkfirst,oryourmotherwillgetangry.II.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。11.我媽媽經常扔沒用的東西。Mymotheroften________________________uselessthings.12.為了讓那個老人活下來，這個年輕人把他的救生衣給了他。To____________theoldman____________,theyoungmangavehislifejackettohim.13.我們必須停止使用這種水杯。Wemust________________________thiskindofcup.14.可以給我的杯子里倒點咖啡嗎？Couldyou____________somecoffee____________mycup?15.這些動物以前生活在這塊土地上。Theseanimalslived____________________________________before.語法知識點一、名詞的數(shù)：名詞按其所表示的事物的性質可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞兩類?？蓴?shù)名詞有復數(shù)形式。不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復數(shù)形式?？蓴?shù)名詞的單數(shù)往往要與不冠詞a或an連用，復數(shù)則使用其復數(shù)形式。（一）可數(shù)名詞的單復數(shù)1.單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞：表示名詞的單數(shù)，要在名詞前加不定冠詞a或an.a加在以輔音開頭的名詞前，an加在以元音開頭的名詞前。如：abookanapple情況構成方法例詞一般情況在詞尾加sdeskdesksgirlgirls以s,x,ch,sh結尾的詞在詞尾加esbusbusesFishfishes以輔音字母加y結尾的詞變y為i再加esFamiliesPartyparties以元音字母加y結尾的詞在詞尾加sDaydaysKeykeys以f或fe結尾的詞變f或fe為v再加esKnifeknivesWifewives以o結尾的可數(shù)名詞表示農作物或人等有生命的事物的名詞在詞尾加esPotatopotatoesHeroheroestomatoespotatoesmango表示無生命的名詞在詞尾加sRadioradiosZoozoosPinaopinaosphotophotos注意：一些名詞的不規(guī)則變化元音發(fā)生變化男人man女人woman老鼠mouse腳foot牙tooth單復數(shù)形式相同(中日人魚鹿綿羊）鹿deer魚fish綿羊sheep中國人Chinese日本人Japanese③詞尾發(fā)生變化Childchildren孩子oxoxen公牛④有些名詞只有復數(shù)形式Clothes衣服trousers褲子glasses眼鏡scissors剪子給出下列名詞的復數(shù)形式1pieceshoeorangelake2busfoxglasswish3bodycityenemybaby4boykeyholidayway5lifeleafyourselfwolf6zoopianoradiophoto7tomatoherotoothfoot8manwomanfishermansheep9GermanChinesechild（二）不可數(shù)名詞物質名詞事物bread面包meat肉飲料milk牛奶water水juice果汁自然物質soil土壤sand沙子wood木頭抽象名詞情感Peace平和friendship友誼joy高興概念Population人口work工作學科Maths數(shù)學Geography地理Physics物理Chemistry化學確切數(shù)量的表達方式當表示不可數(shù)名詞的確切數(shù)量時，通?？稍诓豢蓴?shù)名詞前面加上表示數(shù)量的單位詞。常用結構為：基數(shù)詞/不定冠詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞一杯水兩杯水一公斤肉兩公斤肉不確切數(shù)量的表達方式當表示不可數(shù)名詞的各種大概、不確切的數(shù)量時，可運用下列單詞和短語：單詞：not(any)/no沒有；little幾乎沒有；alittle/some一些；most大部分；all全部短語：alotof/lotsof/plentyof/much/agreatdealof/....許多【經典例題】一、單項選擇

(

)1.

The

__

in

our

yard

are

very

beautiful.

A.

cloth

B.

water

C.

flowers

(

)2.

Tom

is

one

of

the

Chinese

_____

in

our

school.

A.

boy

B.

boys

C.

boies

(

)3.

A

cat

has

four

____

,

doesn't

it?

A.

foots

B.

feet

C.

feets

(

)4.

There

are

three

____

and

five

_____

in

the

room.

A.

American,

Japanese

B

Americans,

Japanese

C.

American,

Japanese

(

)5.

Can

you

see

nine

____

in

the

picture?

A.

fish

B.

book

C.

horse

(

)6.

The

_____

has

two______.

A.

boy;

watch

B.

boy;

watches

C.

boys;

watch

(

)7.

The

_____

are

flying

back

to

their

country.

A.

Germany

B.

Germanys

C.

Germans

(

)8.

The

girl

brushes

her

_____

every

day

before

she

goes

to

bed.

A.

tooths

B.

teeth

C.

teeths

(

)9.I

saw

many

_____

in

the

street.

A.

peoples

B.people

C.people’s

(

)10.The

green

sweater

is

his

_________.A.brother

B.brothers

C.brother’s二、填入所給名詞的正確形式1.

I

have

two____________

(knife)

2.

There

are

many

___________

here.

(box)

3.

There

are

many

___________

on

the

road.

(bus)

4.

A

few

___________

are

drawing

on

the

wall.

(boy)

5.

The

______________

are

playing

football

now.

(child)

6.

Please

take

two

_______________

for

me.

(photo)

7.

I

like

the

red

________________.(tomato)

8.

Would

you

please

clean

your

_____________

now?

(tooth)

9.

Do

you

want

some

_________?

(milk)

10.

There

are

ten

__________

_________in

our

school.

(woman

teacher)二、Therebe句型Therebe結構是英語中一種常見的句型結構，表示“在某地存在某人或某物”?？隙ㄊ絋herebe+主語+地點狀語或者時間狀語它的形式應與緊跟其后面做主語的名詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。Thereapenandthreebooksinthedesk.Therethreebooksandapeninthedesk.否定式Therebe+not+主語+其他（用上）Thereisn’tanywater.一般疑問句Bethere+主語+其他？Yes,therebe./No,therebe+notArethereanybooksinyourbags?Yes,thereare./no,therearen’t將來時結構Therewillbe···/therebegoingtobe··Therewillberaintomorrow.Thereisgoingtoberaintomorrow.注意事項：1.Therebe句型中be動詞的形式要和其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。（主謂一致）如果句子的主語是單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞，或是不可數(shù)名詞，be動詞用“is”“was”。例如：Thereisabasketballinthebox.Thereisalittlemilkintheglass.②如果句子的主語是復數(shù)名詞，be動詞就用“are”“were”。例如：There_____manybirdsinthetree.There_______manypeopleinthestreetyesterday.2.如果therebe句型后的主語是幾個并列名詞時，要根據(jù)第一個名詞的數(shù)確定be的形式，如果該名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，be要用單數(shù)；若該名詞是復數(shù)，be用復數(shù)。（就近原則）如：Thereanorangeandsomebananasinthebasket.Theresomebananasandanorangeinthebasket.3.Therebe句型表示“_______”,have\has表示“”______“”,兩者不能同時使用.判斷正誤ThereisgoingtohaveaclassmeetingnextWednesday.()ThereisgoingtobeaclassmeetingnextWednesday.()辨析：therebe和have（1）therebe表示“某地有某物”，強調存在關系，不強調物的歸屬。Thereisabookonthedesk.（2）表示“某人擁有某物”，強調所有關系，主語多是人。Ihaveabook.【經典例題】一.根據(jù)所給漢語完成句子。

1.桌子上有一本書和兩支鋼筆。There

_____

a

book

and

two

pens

on

the

desk.

2.錢包里有些錢。There

____

some

money

in

the

picture.

3.在吉姆的書包里有一些卡片。____

_____

some

cards

in

Jim’s

bag.

4.里面還有其他的東西嗎？_____

_____

anything

else

in

it?

5.我們學校有許多班。There

_____

many

_____

in

our

school.

6.樹上沒有鳥。There

_____

______

birds

in

the

tree.二、單項選擇

(

)1.

There

___

any

rice

in

the

bowl.

A.are

B.is

C.isn’t

D.aren’t

(

)2.There

___

many

apples

on

the

tree

last

year.

A.

have

been

B.

were

C.

are

D.

is

(

)3.How

many

___

are

there

in

the

room?

A.

apple

B.

students

C.

milk

D.

paper

(

)4.There

is

some

milk

in

the

bottle，

____

？

A.isn’t

there

B.aren’t

there

C.isn’t

it

D.are

there

(

)5.There

____

pencilbox，

two

books

and

some

flowers

on

the

desk.

A.

is

a

B.

are

some

C.

has

a

D.

have

some

(

)6.

What

did

you

see

in

the

basket

then

？

There

____

a

bottle

of

orange

and

some

oranges.

A.

is

B.

are

C.

was

D.

were

(

)7.

____

is

there

on

the

table？

A.

How

many

apples

B.

How

much

bread

C.How

much

breads

D.

How

many

food

(

)8.There

are

______

pencil

boxes

in

the

book

bag.

A.

a

B.an

C.two

課后作業(yè)一、單項選擇1.Bennysawthree______climbingthewalls.A.thiefs B.thiefC.thieves D.thieve2.—Tom,whatarethose?—Theyare________.A.deersB.adeer C.deer D.deeres3.There____abookandtwopensonthedesk.A.is B.are C.be D./4.Theboyisthirsty,andhewouldlike_______.A.acupoftea B.abowlofriceC.aboxofchocolate D.apieceofbread5.Maths_____myfavouritesubject.A.isB.am C.are D.be6.It’simportant_______ustostudyhard.A.to B.for C.on D.with7.TherearemanyanimalsonEarth.Somelive_____theland.Somelive____thewater.A.under;on B.in;underC.on;under D.under;in8.Wemuststop_____theanimals!A.kill B.tokill C.killed D.killing9.Don’t____rubbishintotheriver!A.go B.throw C.pull D.push10.Forestsareveryimportant.Theyprovideus_____alotofthings.A.of B.to C.with D.for語法選擇閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連慣的要求，選擇可以填在橫線上的最佳選項。Wethrowawaygarbagealmosteveryday.____11____doesitgo?Mostofit____12____intothesea.There____13____fivelargegarbagepatches(垃圾帶)inthesea.ThelargestoneistheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.Scientistsaresayingthatthepatchisgettingbiggerandbigger.ThepatchisinthePacificOceanbetweenCalifornia____14____Hawaii.Itisquitelarge.AccordingtoLivescience____15____hasanareaof1.6millionk㎡.Thatisabout100times(倍)____16____thanBeijing.Mostofthegarbageisplastic(塑料),includingbottles,bagsandfishingnets.AccordingtoFoxNews,thereareabout79,000tons(噸)ofplasticinthepatch.That’sabout250piecesofplasticforeveryperson____17____Earth.Isoneofthosepiecesfromyou?Theplasticcanharm(傷害)seaanimalsand____18____thewater.Scientistsaretrying____19____waystocleanupgarbageinthesea.Butthemostimportantthingis_____20_____garbagefromgoingintothesea.11.A.Whose B.How C.Why D.Where12.A.go B.goes C.going D.went13.A.are B.is C.am D.be14.A.but B.or C.nor D.and15.A.it B.its C.it’s D.its’16.A.big B.bigger C.thebigger D.biggest17.A.at B.in C.on D.under18.A.pollute B.pollutes C.polluting D.polluted19.A.differ B.difference C.different D.differently20.A.stop B.stops C.stopped D.tostop完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，選擇可以填在橫線上的最佳選項。Today,we’lllearnaboutfourkindsofsatellite(人造衛(wèi)星).Thefirstkindofsatellitestudiesthe____21____oftheEarth.Peopleuseittohelpmakemaps.Italsohelpscountriesseewheretheymay____22____oilorgold(石油或黃金).Peopleusethesecondkindofsatellitetoshow____23____toshipsandplanes.Ashiporaplanecansendamessagetothe