Unit4TheNightingaleandtheRose1/38教學(xué)目標(biāo)：經(jīng)過(guò)《夜鶯與玫瑰》使學(xué)生對(duì)神話故事中愛(ài)情展開(kāi)討論并了解作者OscarWilde透過(guò)表面神話故事所隱含對(duì)人生評(píng)論。教學(xué)內(nèi)容：作者及背景知識(shí)介紹；文章結(jié)構(gòu)及寫(xiě)作格調(diào)、技巧賞析；掌握重點(diǎn)詞匯及完成練習(xí)；2/38教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：識(shí)別關(guān)鍵詞匯及分析了解難句。教學(xué)方法:講授、問(wèn)答、討論、模仿、練習(xí)、作業(yè)等。3/38Unit4

TheNightingaleandtheRoseI.

BackgroundKnowledge

Abouttheauthor:OscarWilde’searlyschoolyears

4/38In1871,OscarwasawardedaRoyalSchoolScholarshiptoTrinityCollegeinDublin.Again,hedidparticularlywellinClassics,earningfirstinhisexaminationsin1872andearningthehighesthonortheCollegecouldbestowonanundergraduate-aFoundationScholarship.In1874,OscarcrownedhissuccessesatTrinitywithtwofinalachievements.

HewontheCollege'sBerkeleyGoldMedalforGreekandwasawardedascholarshiptoMagdalenCollege,Oxford.5/381874-1878,HehadabrilliantcareeratOxford,where

hewonthePrizeforEnglishverseforapoem.EvenbeforehelefttheUniversityin1878Wildehadbecomeknownasoneofthemostaffectedoftheprofessorsoftheaestheticcraze,andforseveralyearsitwasasthetypicalaesthetethathekepthimselfbeforethenoticeofthepublic.6/38OscarWilde’sworks

Poems

1881

TheHappy

PrinceAndOtherTales

1888DorianGray

1890TheHouseOfPomegranates

1891TheBalladofReadingGoal

18987/38Plays:

LadyWindermere'sFan

1892.

AWomanofNoImportance

1893.

AnIdealHusband1895

TheImportanceofBeingEarnest

18958/38Criticism:

amanoffargreateroriginalityandpowerofmindthanmanyoftheapostlesofaestheticismundoubtedtalentsinmanydirectionsasatypicalaesthetethat

hekepthimselfbeforethenoticeofthepublicapoetofgracefuldictionplaywrightofskillandsubtlehumor

adramatistwhoseplayshadallthecharacteristicsofhisconversations

Allthesepieceshadthesamequalities--aparadoxicalhumourandapervertedoutlookonlifebeingthemostprominent.Theywerepackedwithwittysayings,andtheauthor'sclevernessgavehimatonceapositioninthedramaticworld9/38OscarWilde’sbelief

Artforart’ssakeTheonlypurposeoftheartistisart,notreligion,orscience,orinterest.Hewhopaintsorwritesonlyforfinancialreturnortopropagandizepoliticalandeconomicinterestscanonlyarousefeelingofdisgust.10/38QuotesfromOscarWilde’sWorks:

QuotesonMenMenbecomeold,buttheyneverbecomegood.

LadyWindermere'sFan.

Richbachelorsshouldbeheavilytaxed.

Itisnotfairthatsomemenshouldbehappierthanothers.

InConversation.

Menarehorriblytediouswhentheyaregoodhusbands,andabominablyconceitedwhentheyarenot.

AWomanofNoImportance.

LadyWindermere:...Idon'tlikecompliments,andIdon'tseewhyamanshouldthinkheispleasingawomanenormouslywhenhesaystoherawhileheapofthingsthathedoesn'tmean.

LadyWindermere'sFan.

11/38QuotesonWoman

Oneshouldnevertrustawomanwhotellsoneherrealage.

Awomanwhowouldtellonethat,wouldtelloneanything.

AWomanofNoImportance.

Cryingistherefugeofplainwomenbuttheruinofprettyones.

LadyWindermere'sFan.

Womenknowlifetoolate.

Thatisthedifferencebetweenmenandwomen.

AWomanofNoImportance.

Womenaremeanttobeloved,nottobeunderstood.

TheSphinxWithoutaSecret.

12/38QuotesonLoveOneshouldalwaysbeinlove.

Thatisthereasononeshouldnevermarry.

InConversation.

Toloveoneselfisthebeginningofalife-longromance.PhrasesandPhilosophiesfortheUseoftheYoung.

Amancanbehappywithanywomanaslongashedoesnotloveher.

ThePictureofDorianGray.

Youngmenwanttobefaithfulandarenot;oldmenwanttobefaithlessandcannot.

ThePictureofDorianGray.

13/38II.TextAnalysis

Structure1)

Nightingalestruckbythe“themysteryoflove”2)Nightingalelookingforaredrosetofacilitatethelove3)Nightingalesacrificingherlifeforaredrose4)Studentdiscardingtheredrose14/38Genreofthisstoryanditscharacteristics:

Fairytales-fairiesplayapart

-containsupernaturalormagicalelements

-children’sstories

-fullofveiledcommentsonlife15/38Characteristics:1)personificationofbirds,insects,animalsandtrees2)

vivid,simplenarration---typicaloftheoraltraditionoffairytales3)repetitivepattern16/38Symbolicmeaningsof“Redrose”,“Lizard”“Butterfly”and“Nightingale”:

Symbolicmeanings:Redrose---truelove,whichneedsconstant

nourishmentofpassionsofthelovers.

Lizard---cynic(cynicalpeople)

cynic:apersonwhoseeslittleornogoodinanythingandwhohasnobeliefinhumanprogress;personwhoshowsthisbysneeringandbeingcontemptuous.Nightingale---atruthful,devotedpursuerof

love,whodarestosacrificehis

ownpreciouslifeStudent---notatruelover,ignorantoflove,notpersistentinpursuinglove17/38Wilde’scommentsinalettertooneofhisfriends(May1888):Thenightingaleisthetruelover,ifthereisone.

She,atleast,isRomance,andthestudentandthegirlare,likemostofus,unworthyofRomance.

So,atleast,itseemstome,butIliketofancythattheremaybemanymeaningsinthetale,forinwritingitIdidnotstartwithanideaandclotheitinform,butbeganwithaformandstrovetomakeitbeautifulenoughtohavemanysecretsandmanyanswers.

18/38Otheranalyses

1)TheStudent'sone-sidedpreferenceforwordknowledgeoveremotionsisclearfromthemomenthefirstseestherose.

"Itissobeautiful,"hesays,"thatIamsureithasalongLatinname".

TheStudent,theyoungwoman,andtheirsocietyareallone-sidedpsychically.

Theyhavedevaluedthe"capacitytolove",heresymbolizedbyboththeNightingaleandtherose.

2)Therelationshipofheadandheart

isacentralconcernofWilde'sfairytales.

Promisingtoprovidetheredrose"outofmusicbymoonlight"andto"stainitwithmyownheart's-blood,"theNightingaleasksoftheStudentonlythathe"willbeatruelover,forLoveiswiserthanPhilosophy,thoughsheiswise,andmightierthanPower,"

ButtheStudentcannotunderstandwhattheNightingalesays,"forheonlyknewthethingsthatarewrittendowninbooks.”Hehastoomuch"head"knowledgeandalmostno"heart"knowledge.19/383)WildeisrightthattheonlyloveristheNightingale.

Thewholenessitachievesissymbolizedbythediscarded,devaluedrose.

Intheend,theStudentandtheyoungwomanrejectthewholenessofferedbythatsymbol.20/38Figurativespeechesusedinthetext:

1)Personification

---

givehumanformsorfeelingstoanimals,orlife

andpersonalattributestoinanimateobjects,ortoideasandabstractions.

e.g.

Time,youoldgypsyman,

Willyounotstay,

Putupyourcaravan

Justforoneday?2)Simileandmetaphor

Simile:…h(huán)ervoicewaslikewaterbubblingfromasilverjar.

…aswhiteasthefoamofthesea…

Metaphor:...andthecoldcrystalmoon21/38Writingtechniques:

Climax--derivedfromtheGreekword“l(fā)adder,”impliestheprogressionofthoughtatauniformoralmost

uniformrateofsignificanceorintensitye.g.

Icame,Isaw,Iconquered.Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.Anti-climax:

---statingone’sthoughtsinadescendingorderofsignificanceorintensity,oftenusedtoridiculeorsatire.22/38eg.

1.

Asaseriousman,IlovedBeethoven,Keats,andhotdogs.

2.ForGod,forAmerica,forYale.

3.Youmanageabusiness,stocks,bonds,people.

Andnowyoucanmanageyourhair.23/38Syntacticdevice:Inversion…yetforwantofaredroseismylifemadewretched.(foremphasis)…Crimsonwasthegirdleofpetals,andcrimsonasrubywastheheart.

Shepassedthroughthegrovelikeashadowandlikeashadowsheshesailedacrossthegarden.

NightafternighthaveIsungofhim.24/38I.LanguagePoints1.jewels(gems):emeralds（綠寶石）,

ruby（紅寶石）,

sapphire（藍(lán)寶石）,jade（翡翠）diamondplants:daisy（雛菊）,rose,

oak-tree（橡樹(shù)）daffodil水仙花

animals:nightingale,lizard（蜥蜴）,butterflysubjects:philosophy,metaphysics（形而上學(xué)）,

logicstringedinstruments:harp（豎琴）,violin25/382.want:1)theconditionorqualityoflackingsomethingusualornecessary

for/fromwantof因?yàn)槿狈?/p>

Theplantsdiedfor/fromwantofwater.

stayedhomeforwantofanythingbettertodo.2)pressingneed;貧困

toliveinwant=toliveinpoverty3)somethingdesired:

inwantof=inneedof

Areyouinwantofmoney?

He’sapersonoffewwantsandneeds.26/383.fling1)

tothrowviolently,withforce

Don’tflingyourclothesonthefloor.2)tomoveviolentlyorquickly

Sheflungherselfdownonthesofa.

Sheflungbackherheadproudly.3)todevoteto

Heflunghimselfintothetask.27/384.bloomvi.toproduceflowers,yieldflowers,comeintoflowerorbeinflower開(kāi)花

Therosesareblooming.blossom1)

vi.(ofaseed

plant,esp

atreeorplant)toproduceoryieldflowers,bloom

Theapplestreesareblossoming.2)vi.todevelop

Theirfriendshipblossomedwhentheyfoundouthowmanyintereststheyshared.28/385.ebbn.

1.Thetideisontheebb.

2.Thefinancialresourceshavereacheditslowestebb.vi.1)fallbackfromthefloodstage

Thetidewillbegintoebbat4o’clock.

2)tofallawayorback;declineorrecede

Thedangerofconflictisnotebbingthere.29/386.lingervi.1)tobeslowinleaving,especiallyoutofreluctance

Thechildrenlingeredatthezoountilclosingtime.2)toproceedslowlylingeroverone’swork(磨洋工）3)topersistWinterlingers.vt.topass(aperiodoftime)inaleisurelyoraimlessmanner.

Welingeredawaythewholesummeratthebeach.30/38

7.see

1）seeaboutdoing:attendto,makearrangementsfor,dealwith安排，處理

Itistimeformetoseeaboutcookingthedinner.2)seesomethingout:tolastuntiltheendof熬過(guò)，度過(guò)

Willoursuppliesseethewinterout?

Itwassuchabadplaywecouldn’tseeouttheperformanceandweleftearly.3)seethroughsb./sth

Thepaperistoothicktoseethough.

Itwasahardtimeforus,butwemanagedtoseeitthrough.4)seetosomething:toattendto,takecareof負(fù)責(zé)，留心

IfIseetogettingthecarout,willyouseetoclosingthewindows?31/388.go1)goaboutsomething:toperformtodo從事，著手

togoaboutone’sbusiness

Don’tgoaboutthejobthatway.2)goaftersb/sth

togoafterajob,agirl,aprize3)goagainstsb/sth

Opinionisgoingagainstus.

Thecasemaygoagainstus.4)goalong:vi.toagreewith,support

We’llgoalongwithyou/yoursuggestion.32/385)goround

vi.縈繞，

Thereisatunegoingroundinmyhead.

Iftherearenotenoughchairstogoround,somepeoplehavetostand.6)gobackonsth

Don’tgobackonyourpromise.

Nevergobackonyourfriends.背叛，出賣(mài)7)goby

vi.

Heletthechancego