文學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)一．9authors,20works.(20)WilliamShakespearean:ThetragedyofHamlet,PrinceofDenmark.VenusandAdonis,RapeofLucrece.DanielDefoe:RobinsonCrusoe,MollFlanders.CaptainSingletonRobertBurns:Myheart’sintheHighlands,ARedRedRose.AuldLangSyne.WilliamWordsworth:“TheSolitaryReaper”.“WeareSeven”,“Lucy”,“Michael”,“SimonLee””Lucy”IWanderedLonelyasaCloud,TheSolitaryReaper.JohnKeats:OnFirstLookingintoChapman’sHomer,OnaGrecianUrn,ToPsyche,TOaNightingale.“OdetoAutumn”,“OdeonMelancholy”,“OdeonaGrecianUrn”and“OdetoaNightingale”.Allwerewrittenin1819withthepraiseofbeautyastheirgeneraltheme.JaneAusten:Novels:PrideandPrejudice,MansfieldCharlesDickens:longnovel:PickwickPapersNovels:OliverTwist,NicholasNickleby,BarnabyRudge,GreatExpectations,OurMutualFriendsCharlotteBronte:TheProfessor,JaneEyre.ThomasHardy:TheReturnoftheNative,TheMayerofCasterbridge,Tessofthed’Urbervilles,JudetheObscure二，對錯（10）1.ActthreeisthebestknownandmostimportantofHamlet’ssoliloquiesamongallthesoliloquiesintheplay.Inthissoliloquy,Hamletrevealshisinnermostthoughtsandemotions,hishesitationinparticular,beforetakingdecisiveaction.2.RobinsonCrusoeretells,inthefirstpersonsingular,asailor’sadventureonaninhabitatedisland.3.DefoetracesthedevelopmentofRobisonCrusoefromainnocentandartlessyouthintoacleverandhardenedman,temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife.4.Burns’spoetrywaswrittenintheScottishdialectonavarietyofsubjects.Alargenumberofhispoemsdealwiththemesoflove,friendship,Scottishlifeandnature.5.Asecondedition1800containedmorepoemsandaprefacebyWordsworth.TheprefacetoLyricalBalladsbestreadasastatementofhisprincipleofpoems.6.AccordingtoWordsworth,hebelievedthat“Allgoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings.”Thushelocatedmanyofhispoemsin“commonlife”andhispoetryisdistinguishedbythesimplicityandpurityofhislanguage.7.Therehelivesalifeofpovertyandmisery,andmakesfriendswiththelivelyandpennilessMr.Micawder.8.JaneEyremaintainsthatwomenshouldhaveequalrightswithmen,thusthisnovelhasdrawnthefeminists’attentioninthetwentiethcentury.三，選擇（10）AccordingtoWordsworth,hebelievedthat“Allgoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings.”Helocatedmanyofhispoemsin“commonlife”andhispoetryisdistinguishedbythesimplicityandpurityofhislanguage.四，讀選文，回答問題（兩詩歌，三小說）作者名字（5個40分）Sonnet18:Shakespearian.Whatisthethemeofthissonnet?--Runs

in

iambic

pentameter,

rhymed

ABAB

CDCD

EFEF

GG.

TheTragedyofHamlet,PrinceofDenmark:Shakespearian.Whatdosethe“toornottobe”soliloquytellusaboutHamlet’sstateofmind?—Thesoliloquyopenswithaquestion,andtheretwootherextendedquestionsinthepassage,allofwhichsuggeststhatHamletisundecided,andeitherunableorunwillingtomakeuphismind,contemplatingsuicide,anddisenchantedwiththesufferingofhumanlife.Heiscynical,butcomfortshimselfwithreflection,eventhoughheisclearlysufferinggreatlyandawareofhisownsinsandweakness.WhyHamlethesitatesbeforetakingdecisiveaction?--Hamletisoftenindecisiveandhesitant,butatothertimespronetorashandimpulsiveacts.EvenattheendofthiswholenarrativeofHamlet's,hestilldoesn'tdecideonanything.He'sjustspeakinghisthoughts;he'snotcommittingtoanything.

IWanderedLonelyasaCloud:WilliamWordsworth.3.Iwanderedlonelyasacloud:WilliamWordsworth.Whatdoes“daffodil”standfor?---Daffodilstandfornatureinthispoem,butthepoetdoesnotdepictitsimplyaspartofnature.AsforWordsworth,hedosenotjustwanttodepictthenaturallandscape,moreover,hepaysmuchattentiontotheinteractionbetweenmatureandhumannature.Heperceivesnatureasastoneoftruthsabouthumannature.Analyzetheformofthispoembytakingthefirsttwolinesasexample.---Thispoemconsistsoffourstanzasandineachstanzatherearesixlines.Ineachlinetherearefourfeetwithaweak-strongsoundpattern.Therimeschemeineachstanzaisababcc.IwanderedlonelyasacloudaThatfloatsonhigho’ervalesandhills,bWhenallatonceIsawacrowd,aAhostofgoldendaffodils;bBesidethelake,beneaththetreescFlutteringanddancinginthebreeze.CToAutumn:JohnKeats.Whataretheimagesusedinthispoem?Aretheycarefullyarranged?---Visualimage,olfactoryimage,gustatoryimage,tactileimage,auditoryimage.Throughaseriesofimages,makereadersannouncementofitsscene,feelingrichconcreteimages.In

the

poem

of

To

Autumn,

he

used

visual

image,

auditory

image,

tactile

image,

gustatory

image,

kinaesthetic

image

and

abstractimage

to

make

the

abstract

impression

of

autumn

specific,

appreciable

and

more

colorful.

The

pursuit

to

beauty

is

the

way

that

Keats

loves

life,

nature

and

also

is

the

way

he

observes

and

enjoys

life

and

nature.

The

pursuit

to

beauty

is

his

critique

to

the

darkness

of

life

and

society.

It

also

tells

how

he

wanted

beautiful

and

ideal

life

in

his

short

life.

PrideandPrejudice:JaneAusten.Doyouagreewiththeopeningstatementofthenovel?Whathasthesentencetodowithtoneofthewholenovel?---Openingstatementofthenovelsetthetoneforwholenovel.Writerisveryseriousinstatingauniversaltruth,butwhatfollows,however,isaverycommontopicofeverydaylife—marriage.Thusahumorousandironiceffectisachieved.Twokeywordsappearinthestatement:marriageandmoney,whichineffectatesubjectmatterofthewholenovel,thefocushereisonthelinkbetweenmoneyandmarriage.Basedonyourreadingofthefirsttwochaptersofthenovels,canyousummarizethecharacteristicsofMr.andMrs.Bennet?—Mr.Bennet:hebehavedsarcasticallyhumorous,wittyandcapricious,andinsightfulintheprocessofshowinghisdisrespectanddislikeofMrs.Bennet.Hermindwaslessdifficulttodevelop.Shewaswomanofmeanunderstanding,littleinformation,anduncertaintemper.Whenshewasdiscounted,shefanciedherselfnervous,thebusinessofherlifewastogetherdaughtersmarried;itssolacewasvisitingandnews.Whatisyourunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenmoneyandmarriage?---Ahappyandstrongmarriagetakestimetobuildandmustbebasedonmutualfeeling,understanding,andrespect.Marriagecannotbuiltonthebasisofmoney.Ifthereisnoreallovebetweenthecouple,theirmarriagewillbecomeatragedyeventually.Eventhoughmoneycangivepeoplethecomfortablehouseandtheluxuriouslife,itcannotbuyabeautifulmarriageDavidCopperfield:CharlesDickens.DoseDavidenjoyshislifedescribedinthischapter?Howdoyouknow?----Davidworksveryhardinthefactory,buthecouldsimplypayforhisliving.Therealdifficultyisthathefeelsverylonely,becausefromMondaymorninguntilSaturdaynight,hehasnoadvice,noencouragements,andnoassistanceofanykind.Luckily,hisstaywiththeMicawberfamilyinhisleisuretimeturnsouttobequitepleasant.Theyformaverypreciousfriendship.Whydosethenovelusethefirstpointofview?---Ithelpstheauthortoselectdetails.OnlytheeventsanddetailsthatDavidcouldhaveseenandexperiencedcanlogicallybeintroducedintothestory.Thenarrator’slimitedviewmaycreatetheeffectofsuspense.JaneEyre:CharlotteBronteGivecommon:性格特點(diǎn)：JaneEyreisStraightforwardandfeminism.ShowedherconcernsforthepositionofwomenparticularlyinEnglishsociety.五，回答問題（20）WilliamShakespearean154sonnets.Longpoems:VenusandAdonis,TheRapeofLucrece.38plays.DanielDefoe1.WhatarethecharacteristicsofCrusoefromtheselectedreading?---Self-reliance;patient;cheerful;clarity,courageandpersistenceinovercomingdifficultieshestartanewlifeinthedesolateisland,whichdemandsalotofcourageanddaring.RobertBurns—ScotlandARed,RedRose:wrotein1794,publishedin1796.1.Anoutstandingfeatureofthispoemistheskillfulusesimileatthebeginningofthepoem.Drawonspecificlinestoexplainitseffect.---Simile

means

a

comparison

between

two

unlike

items

that

includes

like

or

as.

For

example,

the

first

line

of

this

poem:

"Oh,

my

love

is

like

a

red,

red

rose";

also,

in

this

poem,

"My

love

is

like

the

melody".

By

comparing

the

speaker's

love

to

a

red,

red

rose

and

a

melody,

readers

canclearly

sense

the

speaker's

appreciation

and

deep

love

to

his

lover.2.Thisshortpoemisactuallycomposedofaseriesofoverstatements.Whatisthefunctionofthem?Giveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.---Overstatementisintentionalexaggeration,whichis,sayingmorethatisactuallymeant.Inthispoem,whenthespeakersaysthathewilllovehisladyuntilalltheseasgodry,heisusingoverstatement.Byusingthis,thepoetcanattractreaders’attentionandthesentencewillleaveadeepimpressiononthereader’smind.

WilliamWordsworth“Thebreakwiththeconventionalpoeticaltraditionofthe18thcentury”.Asecondeditionin1800containedmorepoemsandaprefacebyWordsworth.TheprefacetolyricalBalladsisbestreadasastatementorhisprinciplesofpoetry.JohnKeatsJaneAustenThePlotPrideandPrejudice---Majorcharacters:ElizabethBennet(thesecondeldestdaughterofMr.andMrs.Bennet);JaneBennet(first);LydiaBennet(fifth);Mr.Bingley:arich,single.Mr.Darcy(Mr.Bingley’sfriendwhoisarichandproudyoungman)Theme:moneyandmarriage.Writingstyle:Clarity,economy,skillfuluseofdialogueandtightplottingarethemainfeaturesofJaneAusten’sstyle.Subject:Houses,money,estatesrun.CharlesDickens:DavidCopperfield:theme:theheroofthenovel.ThenoveldepictsDavid’slifeexperiencesfromaninnocentboytoafamouswriter.Style:OfDickens’sfictionalart,themostdistinguishingfeatureishissuccessfulcharacterization,especiallymalecharacters.Dickenswasalsoagreatstory-teller.Hisplotswerealwaysverylarge,variedandcomplicated.However,theplotsofhisnovelschangeddramaticallyashegotolder.Inhislateryears,plotsprimarilybecamethevehiclesforhischaracterizationofthematicconcerns,asreadersmayfindinthisnovel.CharlotteBronte-JaneEyrefourgirlsexceptAnnweressendtoCharitySchool，三個姐妹中最大的,Unhappylifeincharityschool,withEmilygotoCharlottestudy.性格特點(diǎn)：Straightforward直白的人feminism女權(quán)主義Romantic浪漫主義ThoughtfulGivethreeinstancesinwhichJaneEyredrawsfromCharlotteBronte’sbackground1).Jane’slifeinLowoodisdepictedbasedontheauthor’sownexperiencesincharityschoolwhereshespentsomeunhappyyearsofherchildhood.2)InThornfield,JanefallsinlovewithMr.Rochester,arichsquirewhoturnsouttohavehadamadwife.ThisisbyandlargeCharlotte’sexperienceinBrusselswhereshefallsinamarriedprofessor.3)InThronfield,Janeworksasgoverness,andCharlotteherselfworkedasteachersandgovernessduring1837to1840.Discussthesymbolicuseofnamesinthisnovel.1)“Eyre”,thesurnameofJane,hasthesamepronunciationas“air”,whichmaysymbolizeJane’spursuitoffreedom.2)“Blanche”,thegivennameofMiss.Ingram,hasitsFrenchorigin,whichactuallymeans“white”inEnglish.AnditmaysymbolizetheshallownessofMiss.Ingram.HowdoesMr.RochestertreatJaneinthischapter?WhatJane’scharacterattracthimTostartwith,Mr.RochestershowssomecrueltyinhiscourtshipofJanesoastomakeJanejealous.Onhearingthis,Janecouldnothelptellinghimhertruefeelingsthatshelongsforequalityanddoesnotwanttodepartwithhim.WhenMr.Rochesterconfesseshisrealintention,Janefeelshurtandrefuseshiscourtshipatfirst.Thensherealizeshisintentionandacceptshislove.Herself-respect,herdesireforindependence,hercourage,hermoralstrength,herpassionandherpersonalloyaltyanddevotion,alltheseworktogethertomakeMr.Rochestergreatlyattractedbyher.ThomasHardy:Hardywasapoetbeforehewasanovelist.Itwasbecausehisearlyversescouldnotbeacceptedthatheturnedtonovelwriting.Plotofthenovel:Tessofthed’Unbervilles,Hardy’smostfamousnovel,hasasubtitle,whichis,APureWomanFaithfullyPortrayed.Ittellsatragiclifestoryofabeautiful,naivecountrygirl,TessDurbeyfield.Generalfeaturesandcomments:Thewholestoryisfilledwithafeelingofdismalforebodinganddoom.Fathercircumstancesandtragiccoincidencesaboundinthebook.12春《英美文學(xué)選讀》作業(yè)1一、單選題1.HowmanyperiodsaredividedintointhecreationyearsofShakespeare?Three2.Defoe＇sRobinsonCrusoecreatedtheimageofanenterprisingEnglishman,typicaloftheEnglishbourgeoisieinthe18thcentury.3.InEnglishpoetrythe_iamb_isregardedasthemostcommonfoot.4.TheexcerptTheOtherSideoftheIslandwaschosenfromChapter_Ⅸ__inRobinsonCrusoe.5."Doyouthink,becauseIampoor,obscure,plain,andlittle,Iamsoullessandheartless?…AndifGodhadgiftedmewithsomebeauty,andmuchwealth,Ishouldhavemadeitashardforyoutoleaveme,asitisnowformetoleaveyou."Theabovequotedp”JaneEyre6.WilliamWordsworth,aromanticpoet,advocatedallthefollowingEXCEPTtheuseofelegantwordingandinflatedfiguresofspeech7.AllthefollowingpoetsbelongtolakepoetsEXCEPTShelley8.InShakespeare＇sMerchantofVenice,AntoniocouldnotpaybackthemoneyheborrowedfromShylock,because_hisshipshadallbeenlost_.9."Bassanio:Antonio,IammarriedtoawifeWhichisasdeartomeaslifeitself;Butlifeitself,mywife,andalltheworld,Arenotwithmeesteem＇dabovethylife;Iwouldloseall,ay,sacrificethemall,Heretothedevil,todeliveryou.Portia:Yourwifewouldgiveyoulittlethanksforthat,Ifshewerebytohearyoumaketheoffer."TheaboveisaquotationtakenfromShakespeare＇scomedyTheMerchantofVenice.Thequotedpartcanberegardedasagoodexampletoillustrate_dramaticirony__10.IntheconversationwithhiswifeinChapterOneofPrideandPrejudice,Mr.Bennetusesa(n)__teasing____tonewithsarcastichumor.11.Thetermtoneinliteraturemeans:themannerofexpressiontoindicatethespeaker＇sattitudetowardsthesubject12.WhatdoesWordsworth＇spoem"TheSolitaryReaper"tellusaboutRomanticist?Toromanticists,poetryisanexpressionofanindividual＇sfeelingsandexperiencesnomatterhowfragmentaryandmomentarythesefeelingsandexperiencesare.13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatragicomedy?TimonofAthens14.Whichofthefollowingisatragedy?AntonyandCleopatra15.Howmanylinesarethereinasonnet?1416.ThepoemOdetoaNightingalewaswrittenby_JohnKeats__17.InPrideandPrejudice,ElizabethBennetfindsoutsomeweakpointsaboutherselfintheprocessofjudgingothers.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaweakpointofhers?Snobbishness18.Hamletisaprinceof_Denmark__19.CharlesDickenstakestheFrenchRevolutionasthebackgroundofhisnovelATaleofTwoCities20.ThepoemIwanderedLonelyasaCloudwaswrittenby_WilliamWordsworth__12春《英美文學(xué)選讀》作業(yè)3一、單選題1.ThestoryoftheScarletLetterissetin_Boston__2.What＇sthenameofHesterandDimmesdale＇sdaughter?Pearl3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutTheScarletLetterisNOTtrue?A.Itexploresman＇snever-endingsearchforthesatisfactionofmaterialisticdesires.B.Itrelatestheconflictsbetweenthesocietyandtheindividual.C.Itisabouttheeffectofsinonthepeopleinvolvedandthesocietyasawhole.D.Itpresentsap正確答案：B4.AccordingtoMarkTwain,inrivertownsupanddowntheMississippi,itwaseveryboy＇sdreamtosomedaygrowuptobe__ariverboatpilot____.5.ThepennameMarkTwainmeans_safewater__6.OCaptain,MyCapainiswrittenby_WaltWhitman__7.Dreiser＇sTrilogyofDesireincludesthreenovels.TheyareTheFinancier,TheTitanand__TheStoic_____.8.InAmericanliterature,escapingfromthesocietyandreturningtonatureisacommonsubject.Thefollowingtitlesareallrelated,inonewayoranother,tothesubjectexcept_______.A.MarkTwain＇sTheAd