歡迎大家！LanguageinuseUnit9GrammarfocusLanguageinuseTherewillbeexcellentperformancesattheopeningandclosingceremonies.Theorganizingcommitteewillinvitefamousmodels…Itservesasaperfecttradingplatformforfashiontraders.About70leadingdesignersareshowingtheirrecentdesigns……morethan3,000companiesmaking

brandedclothing.GrammarfocusSenior2EnglishGroupGrammarlearning分詞作定語分詞分兩類：

過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞

V+ed及不規(guī)則形式

V+ing

過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語有何區(qū)別呢？afallingtreeafallentreeboilingwaterboiledwaterfallingleavesfallenleavesaflying

birdpreparedbreakfastasnow-coveredcity一、過去分詞作定語1、過去分詞作定語常表示“完成”或

“被動”boiled

waterfallen

leavestherisen

sunspokenEnglishcookedfoodfriedchips開水落葉升起的太陽英語口語熟食炸薯條過去分詞短語作定語，常放在被修飾詞的后面。Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.(2).過去分詞作定語位置boiledwater開水fallenleaves落葉單個過去分詞作定語，常放在被修飾詞的前面;

(3)語法功能過去分詞或過去分詞短語作定語時，其功能相當于一個定語從句。

=Thelecturegiven

byProfessorZhangisaboutanimals.Thelecture

whichwasgivenbyProfessorZhangisaboutanimals.

可簡化為：aletterwhichwaswritteninpencilthemachineswhichwereproducedlastyear=themachinesproducedlastyear小結(jié)：過去分詞作定語，表示被動，已經(jīng)完成的動作。

=aletterwritteninpencil現(xiàn)在分詞（doing形式）作定語therisingsun2.現(xiàn)在分詞短語，應(yīng)放在所修飾的名詞后。Thegirlstandingthereismyclassmate.位置1.單個分詞做定語時，放在所修飾的名詞前現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing形式)作定語既可以表被修飾者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修飾者的動作或狀態(tài)?？杀磉_三種含義：1.表“正在…的”。如：thosesinginggirls（=thosegirlswhoaresinging）

那些正在唱歌的女孩子們舉例：thelaughingboy/therunningballthedancinggirl/aflyingkite(3)語法功能現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing形式)作定語2)表示“供…之用”，相當于usedfordoing.

buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading閱覽室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting寫字臺3)表示性質(zhì)特征，多含主動意味。如：anexcitingstory（=astorythatexcitespeople）舉例：aninterestingbookanamazingstory小結(jié)：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表示主動，正在進行的動作,及表功用與性質(zhì)特征。

現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別（1）：現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行的動作，而過去分詞一般表示已完成的動作。fallingleavesfallenleavesboilingwaterboiledwatertherisingsuntherisensundevelopingcountrydevelopedcountry現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別（2）：現(xiàn)在分詞有主動含義，過去分詞有被動含義。（主動）（被動）（主動）（被動）Hefoundthefireburningbrightly.Hefoundthehouseburneddown.Iheardsomeoneopeningthedoor.Iheardthedooropened.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別（3）：分詞作定語時，過去分詞表示它所修飾的名詞的狀態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示它所修飾的名詞的性質(zhì)、特征。anexcitingnewsanexcitedboyboredstudentsboringlectureHeistheman

swimming

intheriverjustnow.Hewasreadinganovel

written

byCharlesDickens.復(fù)習：說出下列不同分詞所表達的意義并翻譯句子。therisingsuntherisensun

thefallingleavesthefallenleavesboilingwaterboiledwaterachangingworldachangedworldthedevelopingcountrythedevelopedcountry復(fù)習：說出下列不同分詞所表達的意義并翻譯thechangingworldthechangedworld（正在變化的）（變化了的）boilingwaterboiledwater（正在沸騰的）（已經(jīng)沸騰過的）adevelopingcountryadevelopedcountry(發(fā)展中的)（發(fā)達的）小結(jié)：過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語意義的不同。過去分詞作定語與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有________關(guān)系，表示該動作的_____或者______;現(xiàn)在分詞作定語與它所修飾的名詞存在邏輯上的______關(guān)系，表示該動作的______或者______.動賓

被動

完成主謂

主動

進行

過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞在做定語時的區(qū)別：1.語態(tài)上現(xiàn)在分詞:表示主動的動作過去分詞:表示被動的動作2.時間上現(xiàn)在分詞:表示正在進行過去分詞:表示完成Readandunderline.Languageinuse1)Iwasawakenedbyabarkingdog.2)Whoistheman

wanderingdownthestreet?3)Thepigseemedtobecompletelyattractedtothelong-leggedspider.4)Herushesintotheburninghouse.5)Sheboughtacomputer

producedinChina.6)ThepianousedattheconcertismadeinFrance.Chooseandcomplete.Languageinusebuildingwalkingswimmingclosing1)Thereisa______________poolinourschool.2)The______________materialusedinthehospitalisofhighquality.3)Whichperformancedidyoulikebestatthe___________

ceremony?4)A______________stickwillhelpyoutokeepbalancewhengoingdownthemountain.swimming

building

closing

walking1.Thewoman____alessonisourteacher.A.givingB.givenC.togiveD.give正在發(fā)生的動作，表主動ExerciseA.firstheldB.tobefirstheldC.firstholdingD.tobefirstholdingA解析

①過去分詞做定語：表被動，表完成。②現(xiàn)在分詞作定語：表主動，表進行。TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.Exercise:____dogsseldombite.BarkB.TobarkC.BarkedD.BarkingD(2)It’spleasuretowatchthefaceofa____baby.asleepB.sleepC.sleepingD.slept(3)The____buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shakeCACA2.Iborrowedabook______byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite1.Didyouattendthemeeting______yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheldExercise:anexcitingeveningawalkingsticktherisingsunsmilingfacesbuildingmaterialsaflyingkiteTranslatethefollowingphrases:7.thecomingweek8.adressingroom9.thedancinggirl10.awashingmachine12.anopeningspeech13.abathingcap14.ahidingplace.15.asleepingbag預(yù)留的座位被污染的水打碎的杯子關(guān)了的門reservedseatspollutedwaterabrokencupacloseddoorExercise：Translatethefollowingphrases:Thebook___________________(一本農(nóng)民寫的書)isverypopular.Thebuilding__________________(去年建的樓房)collapsedintheWenchuanearthquake.Theproblem________________(正在討論的)isverydifficulttosolve.Thewindow________________(被那個男孩打破的)isbeingrepaired.writtenbythefarmerbuiltlastyear

discussingnowbrokenbythatboyTranslation:Theboy________________________（正在操場跑步的)isJim.Theboy___________(名字叫做湯姆的)

isnowastudent.

runningontheplaygroundnamedTomTranslation:Homework

Finishtheexercisesonthebook.Readandcomplete.LanguageinuseA:Mary,here,youseewhatI’vegot?B:Oh,someoldphotos.Theyareveryinteresting!A:Yes.Look,thewoman________________wasmymathteacher.B:Your________________teacher?Youmeanthelady_____________?A:It’sher.Andthisisthe____________________groupIoftenmentioned.

Theyused

tobeverypopularwhenwewereinhighschool,andIcertainly

wastheirfan.B:Whoisthatboy_______________tennis?Helooksfamiliartome.A:That’sDavid,myclassmate.2)5)1)4)3)1)bestloved2)singing3)playing4)standingunderthetree