選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit4

Aglimpseofthefuture英語(yǔ)通詞句基礎(chǔ)自測(cè)[必背寫(xiě)作詞匯]教材單詞1.

adj.人造的,人工的

2.

n.人類(lèi)

3.

n.受害者

4.

adj.不道德的,道德敗壞的

5.

n.地平線

6.

n.細(xì)胞

7.

adj.可能的

8.

v.皺眉

9.

n.線索,提示

artificial

humanity

victim

immoral

horizoncell

bound

frown

clue1.susceptibleadj.

2.automationn.

3.leapn.

4.clientn.

5.citev.

6.reckonv.

7.cyclen.

8.cratern.

9.agileadj.

[識(shí)記閱讀詞匯]易受影響的自動(dòng)化

劇變

客戶,客人,顧客引用,引述認(rèn)為,以為自行車(chē)

(物體墜落、炸彈爆炸等在地上造成的)坑敏捷的,靈活的10.slopev.

11.hopn.

12.squeakv.

13.tendonn.

14.wavelengthn.

15.mechanicaladj.

16.muttn.

17.positronicadj.

傾斜,成斜坡跳躍發(fā)出吱吱聲腱波長(zhǎng)

機(jī)械的雜種狗正電子的[構(gòu)織連脈詞匯]1.

n.助手,助理→

v.幫助;協(xié)助;援助→

n.幫助;援助

2.

adv.潛在地→

adj.潛在的

n.潛力

3.

n.能力,才能→

adj.有能力的

4.

v.分析→

n.分析

5.

v.控制,管理→

n.規(guī)則;規(guī)章制度;法規(guī)

6.

adj.非法的,違法的→

adj.合法的→

adv.

合法地

7.

v.評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)定→

n.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)定;核定的付款額

assistantassistassistance

potentiallypotentialcapacitycapable

analyseanalysis

regulateregulation

illegallegallegally

assessassessment8.

n.需要,需求→

adj.要求高的,需要高技能(或耐性等)的;費(fèi)力的;苛求的

9.

n.仿制品→

v.模仿

10.

adv.緊緊地→

adj.緊的

11.

adj.拼命的,絕望的→

adv.極其,非常;絕望地;不顧一切地,拼命地

12.

adj.有故障的,有缺陷的→

n.過(guò)錯(cuò),缺點(diǎn)

13.

adj.一貫的,一致的→

n.

一致性,連貫性

→

adv.一貫地;一致地;堅(jiān)持地

demanddemanding

imitationimitate

tightlytightdesperatedesperately

faultyfault

consistentconsistencyconsistently常用短語(yǔ)1.

發(fā)生于;偶然發(fā)生

2.

迄今為止3.

閑逛,常去某處4.

易受……影響5.

相反6.

摧毀,毀滅;使滅絕7.

存在于8.

就……取得一致意見(jiàn)happento

sofar

hangout

besusceptibletoincontrast

wipeout

liein

agreeon

9.

經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受10.

……和……之間的不同11.

好像,似乎12.

改變主意13.

依靠,指望14.

將要發(fā)生15.

很有可能,肯定會(huì)gothrough

differencebetween...and...

asthough

changeone'smind

bankon

onthehorizonbeboundto重點(diǎn)句型1.InthewordsofProfessorStephenHawking,artificialintelligencewillbe“eitherthebest,ortheworstthing,evertohappentohumanity”.【嘗試翻譯】【考點(diǎn)凝練】either...or...不是……就是……;或者……或者……用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的話來(lái)說(shuō),人工智能將是“人類(lèi)有史以來(lái)遇到的最好或最糟糕的事情”。

2.Still,IdothinkthatdevelopmentsinAIwillonthewholemakedoingday-to-daythingsaloteasier.【嘗試翻譯】

【考點(diǎn)凝練】強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)

不過(guò),我確實(shí)認(rèn)為,總體而言,人工智能的發(fā)展將使日常工作變得更加容易。

3.If

not,itmightwipeusallout!【嘗試翻譯】【考點(diǎn)凝練】if省略句

如果不是,它可能會(huì)把我們都消滅!4.It

was

not

untilanhourlaterthathenoticedthatCarolynhadleftheremergencycalldeviceonthebreakfasttable.【嘗試翻譯】【考點(diǎn)凝練】notuntil的強(qiáng)調(diào)句直到一個(gè)小時(shí)后,他才注意到卡羅琳把緊急呼叫設(shè)備忘在了早餐桌上。

提能力增分課堂◎核心詞匯突破1.victim

n.

受害者,犧牲品;受騙者,上當(dāng)?shù)娜?祭祀品,犧牲【歸納】fall

victim

to...成為……的犧牲品(或受害者)be/become

a

victim

of

成為……的受害者innocent

victims無(wú)辜受害者【佳句】Manyplantshavefallen

victim

tothesuddenfrost.許多植物因突然的霜凍而受損?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①(2020·天津卷改編)Itpreventspeoplewhoarecutofffromsocietyfalling

tocheaters.

A.failure B.victim C.success D.addict②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷改編)Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotential

.

A.patients B.customersC.victims D.supportersBC2.potentially

adv.潛在地【歸納】potential

n.可能性,潛在性;潛力,潛質(zhì)

adj.潛在的,可能的have

the

potential

to

do

sth有做某事的潛力achieve/fulfill/realise

one's

(full)

potential(充分)發(fā)揮某人的潛力the

potential

danger潛在的危險(xiǎn)【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Asaresult,CentralAfricanforestscouldloseuptothreebilliontonsofcarbon,

acceleratingclimatechange.

A.optionally B.potentiallyC.extremely D.stably②Thispracticealonehasthepotential

yourheartandlifeimmeasurably.

A.tochange B.changing C.changes D.changedBA【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦③我覺(jué)得目前的工作沒(méi)有充分發(fā)揮我的潛力。Idon'tfeelI'm

inmypresentjob.(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之申請(qǐng)信)

achievingmyfullpotential3.assess

v.評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)定【歸納】(1)assess

sth

at

估價(jià)為assess...as...評(píng)定……為……(2)assessment

n.評(píng)定;評(píng)價(jià)make

an

assessment評(píng)估【佳句】Itmaytakesometimebeforewecanmake

anaccurateassessmentofthedamage.

我們可能需要一段時(shí)間才能對(duì)損失作出準(zhǔn)確的評(píng)估。多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才

【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①(2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷改編)Theresearchersfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhen

at54monthsofage.

A.assess B.toassessC.assessing D.assessed②Theyoungmenwereassessed

eithersafeorunsafedrivers.

A.at B.as C.under D.aboveDB【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦③學(xué)習(xí)者也可以根據(jù)此體系評(píng)價(jià)這些網(wǎng)站,選擇合適的網(wǎng)站學(xué)習(xí)。Learners

accordingtothissystem,andthenchooseasuitableone.(寫(xiě)作話題之網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí))

canalsomakeanassessmentofthesewebsites4.bound

adj.可能的;一定會(huì);有義務(wù)的【歸納】be

bound

to很有可能,肯定會(huì);有義務(wù),有責(zé)任……be

bound

for準(zhǔn)備去,前往be

bound

up

in

sth

忙于某事;熱衷于某事【佳句】HeissoambitiousthatIbelieveheis

bound

tosucceed.他雄心勃勃,我相信他一定會(huì)成功?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Shewasonaplanebound

Beijingwhenshegotsick.

A.to B.by C.in D.for②He'stooboundup

hisworktohavemuchtimeforhischildren.

A.with B.at C.in D.over【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦③你干得很出色,一定會(huì)被公司錄取的。Youhavedoneanexcellentjoband_________________________________

.(寫(xiě)作話題之職業(yè)傾向)

DCareboundtobeadmittedintothecompany5.demand

n.需求,要求,所需之物

v.需要,要求【歸納】(1)be

in

(great)

demand(迫切)需求,需求量大meet/satisfy

one's

demands滿足某人的需求demand

for...對(duì)……的需求/需要(2)demand

sth

from/of

sb

向某人要求某物demand

to

do

sth

要求做某事demand

that...(should)

do要求……做……(3)demanding

adj.要求高的,需要高技能(或耐性等)的;費(fèi)力的;苛求的【點(diǎn)津】

(1)demand后通常不接雙賓語(yǔ)。(2)demand后的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”。【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①WhatIwanttostressisthatsomenewassistantsare

demandinourgroup.

A.of B.under C.at D.in②Morewindpowerstationswillspringuptomeetthedemand

cleanenergy.

A.for B.of C.with D.by③Theteachercametotheclassroomanddemanded

whatwasgoingonjustnow.

A.telling B.totell C.tobetold D.beingtoldDAC④Thebossdemandedthateveryone

themeetingtobeheldtomorrow.

A.attends B.attended C.attend D.attends【寫(xiě)美】詞匯升級(jí)·背誦⑤TheHarry

Potterbooksarequitepopular;theyareneeded

greatlyinthiscity.→TheHarry

Potterbooksarequitepopular;theyare

inthiscity.

Cingreatdemand6.desperate

adj.拼命的,絕望的;不顧一切的;極度渴望的【歸納】(1)be

desperate

for

sth

非常需要某物be

desperate

to

do

sth

渴望做某事in

desperate

need

of急需(2)desperately

adv.絕望地;拼命地(3)desperation

n.絕望in

desperation

絕望地;不顧一切地【佳句】Hisincreasingfinancialdifficultiesforcedhimtotakedesperatemeasures.不斷增加的經(jīng)濟(jì)困難迫使他采取了鋌而走險(xiǎn)的辦法?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Whenshesawacarcoming,shetried

topushtheboyaway.

A.accidentally B.effortlesslyC.desperately D.willingly②Themanageris

forarelaxingholidayafterayear'swork.

A.anxious B.desperate C.hopeless D.excited③Thesechildreninthemountainousareaaredesperate

moreknowledgeaboutartificialintelligence.

A.tolearn B.learning C.tobelearned D.beinglearnedCBA【寫(xiě)美】一句多譯·背誦④絕望中,她打電話給她最好的朋友尋求幫助?！?/p>

,shecalledherbestfriendandaskedforhelp.

→

,shecalledherbestfriendandaskedforhelp.

IndesperationDesperately7.consistent

adj.一貫的,一致的【歸納】(1)be

consistent

with與……相一致或吻合(2)consistently

adv.

一貫地;一致地;堅(jiān)持地(3)consistency

n.一致性,連貫性【佳句】It'simportanttoshowsomeconsistencyinyourwork.在工作中表現(xiàn)出一定的連貫性是很重要的?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Practisingthisart

candeveloppersonalcharacterandisofbenefittohealth.

A.instantly B.consistentlyC.occasionally D.randomly②Surprisingly,theresultsoftheanalysisrevealedagreatdealof

andcontinuityinbothsetsofdreams.

A.confidence B.differenceC.consistency D.insistenceBC【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦③結(jié)果與我們之前的研究完全一致。Theresultsareentirely

withourearlierresearch.

consistent8.hang

out閑逛,常去某處【歸納】hang

on不掛斷,稍等;(在逆境中)堅(jiān)持;緊緊握住hang

up

掛斷電話hang

on

to

抓緊某物;保留,不賣(mài)掉,不放棄【佳句】Itisoftenthecasethatmiraclescanhappenforthosewhohang

on

tohope.通常情況下,奇跡會(huì)發(fā)生在那些堅(jiān)持希望的人身上。【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①WithoutthesupportofmyparentsIwouldhaveprobablycrackedupcompletely.ButImanagedtohang

.

A.up B.on C.to D.out②Thankyouforyourtime.I'llhang

now.

A.to B.out C.down D.up③Othersmayhang

orgotothemovieswithfriendsonthisspecialday.

A.up B.onto C.out D.withBDC【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦④在你沒(méi)有找到更好的工作之前,不要放棄目前的工作。

untilyoucangetabetterone.(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之建議信)

Hangontoyourpresentjob9.go

through

經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受;通過(guò),經(jīng)過(guò);達(dá)成【歸納】go

against違背;違反go

over復(fù)習(xí);仔細(xì)檢查go

by流逝;過(guò)去go

out出去;熄滅go

back回去;追溯到go

all

out

全力以赴【佳句】ItmadeeverythingthatIwent

throughlastyearworthit.這讓我去年所經(jīng)歷的一切都值得?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Whenwego

ourinnervoice,weusuallyfeeluncomfortablethroughoutourlives.

A.by B.out C.for D.against②Hewouldgo

hisworkagainandagainuntilhefelthehaditright.

A.out B.backC.infor D.over③Mygrandmotherwasbecomingfrailerandfrailerastheyearswent

.

A.through B.by C.over D.forDDB【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦④只要我們?nèi)σ愿?比賽一定能贏。Wearesuretowinthematchsolongas

.

wegoallout★補(bǔ)遺缺

微點(diǎn)練全Ⅰ.一詞多義——根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出句中黑體詞的詞性和含義1.clue①Thepolicefoundavitalcluetothegirl'sdisappearanceinawoodedareanearherhome.

②He'sjustcluedmeinonthelatestdevelopments.

③Dietmayholdthecluetothecausesofmigraine.

n.(幫助警方破案的)線索

v.

給(某人)提供最新信息

n.(問(wèn)題答案的)線索,提示

Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空2.Ifirmlybelieveyouhavethecapacity

yourownhappiness.

A.tocreate B.created C.creating D.tocreating3.Thejourneywasreckoned

abouttwohours.

A.take B.taking

C.totake D.takenAC◎重點(diǎn)句型透視either...or...不是……就是……;或者……或者……【教材原句】InthewordsofProfessorStephenHawking,artificialintelligencewillbe“eitherthebest,ortheworstthing,evertohappentohumanity”.用斯蒂芬·霍金教授的話來(lái)說(shuō),人工智能將是“人類(lèi)有史以來(lái)遇到的最好或最糟糕的事情”?！練w納】(1)either...or...連接句中兩個(gè)相同的句子成分;當(dāng)連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近一致”原則。(2)遵循“就近一致原則”的其他結(jié)構(gòu):neither...nor...既不……也不……not

only...but

also...不但……而且……not...but...不是……而是……【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Eitheryouoryourfriend

todeliveraspeechaboutthetopic.

A.are B.is

C.tobe D.willbe②Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher

thereasonwhyshebehavedstrangely.

A.know B.knows

C.haveknown D.knownBB【寫(xiě)美】完成句子·背誦③關(guān)于中國(guó)的紀(jì)錄片,無(wú)論是在中國(guó)拍攝的還是在其他國(guó)家拍攝的,都越來(lái)越受到外國(guó)人的歡迎。DocumentariesaboutChina,produced

,arebecomingincreasinglypopularamongforeigners.

eitherinChinaorinothercountries研真題鏈接高考(2019·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷,閱讀理解C)——科學(xué)與技術(shù)Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物測(cè)量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.理清脈絡(luò)

真題再做28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.D解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的描述以及第二段第一句“Researchers

from

Georgia

Tech

say

that

they

have

come

up

with

a

low-cost

device

that

gets

around

this

problem:

a

smart

keyboard.”可知,研究者研發(fā)了智能鍵盤(pán)是為了降低電子空間保護(hù)的成本。故選D項(xiàng)。29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.C解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“These

patterns

are

unique

to

each

person.Thus,the

keyboard

can

determine

people's

identities...”可知,每個(gè)用戶都有自己獨(dú)特的擊打鍵盤(pán)的模式,這使得研發(fā)智能鍵盤(pán)用以識(shí)別用戶身份成為可能。故選C項(xiàng)。30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.It'llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It'llreachconsumerssoon.C.It'llbemadeofplastics.D.It'llhelpspeeduptyping.B解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“The

team

hopes

to

make

it

to

market

in

the

near

future.”可知,研究者們希望這種智能鍵盤(pán)在不久的將來(lái)能夠投入市場(chǎng),供消費(fèi)者使用。故選B項(xiàng)。31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.

B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.D解析:文章出處題。通讀全文可知,作者客觀介紹了佐治亞理工學(xué)院的研究者們新開(kāi)發(fā)的一種鍵盤(pán)。它能根據(jù)用戶打字模式準(zhǔn)確識(shí)別出使用者。鍵盤(pán)使用常見(jiàn)的廉價(jià)材料,因此在成本和耐用性上都有很強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,有望不久后可以投入市場(chǎng)。本內(nèi)容應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在雜志上。故選D項(xiàng)。語(yǔ)言能力1.掌握構(gòu)詞知識(shí)詞根派生詞性及詞義例句

security

Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.

extension

Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.secure

n.安全

extend

n.擴(kuò)大,延伸

2.猜測(cè)生僻詞詞義Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.

3.牢記熟詞生義單詞詞性及詞義例句apply

Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadencewithwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.模式

v.手壓

4.仿寫(xiě)經(jīng)典句型Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometrictechnologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.仿寫(xiě):隨著高度的增加,大氣越來(lái)越稀薄。Theatmospheregetsthinnerandthinnerastheheightincreases.5.破解復(fù)雜句式ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevicethatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.分析:from

Georgia

Tech為介詞短語(yǔ)作

語(yǔ),that

they

have

come

up

with

a

low-cost

device

為

從句,that

gets

around

this

problem為

從句,修飾先行詞

。

譯文:后置定賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)device

來(lái)自佐治亞理工學(xué)院的研究者們說(shuō)他們開(kāi)發(fā)出了一種低成本的設(shè)備以解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題:智能鍵盤(pán)。

測(cè)效果課堂評(píng)價(jià)Ⅰ.熟詞生義1.leap項(xiàng)目意義例句熟義v.

Heleapedoutofhiscarandrantowardsthehouse.生義v.

Sharesinthecompanyleaped250percent.跳,跳躍激增,猛漲2.cell項(xiàng)目意義例句熟義n.

Thosecellsdivideandgivemanyotherdifferenttypesofcells.生義n.

Acellisasmallroominwhichaprisonerislocked.3.horizon項(xiàng)目意義例句熟義n.

Themoonroseslowlyabovethehorizon.生義n.

Shewantedtotraveltobroadenherhorizons.細(xì)胞單間牢房地平線眼界Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空

A組

基礎(chǔ)必練1.Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouarebound

yourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity.

A.toachieve B.achieving C.achieved D.tobeachieved2.Itis

todriveacarthatisnotregisteredorinsured.

A.legal B.legallyC.illegal D.illegallyAC3.Weshouldtakepreventivemeasuressoastofacethe

dangeroussituations.

A.surely B.potentially C.accurately D.barely4.Ourtutor,alearnedscholar,sharedwithusthestoryofoneofhisformer

,whichmovedustotears.

A.assistant B.assistanceC.assistants D.assisting5.Thissectionoftheroadissonarrowthatthereare

tobetrafficjamsnowandthen.

A.unlikely B.boundC.potential D.possibleBCB6.Afteraheatednegotiation,wefinally

thepriceofthehouse.

A.agreedon B.agreedinC.agreedfor D.agreedat7.Peterhadlosthisjob,andthefamilywas