高中英語必備單詞（四）知識(shí)梳理01severe[si'vi?]adj.嚴(yán)重的slip[slip]v.滑倒，溜走academic[?k?'demik]adj.學(xué)術(shù)的；n.教授pile[pail]n.堆，大量pirate['pai?rit]n.海盜，盜版者chain[t?ein]n.鏈條，一連串essential[i'sen??l]adj.本質(zhì)的psychology[sai'k?l?d?i]n.心理，心理學(xué)reserve[ri'z?:v]v.預(yù)定，保留；n.自然保護(hù)區(qū)resort[ri'z?:t]n.(度假）勝地consist[k?n'sist]v.由…組成(of/in)contest['k?ntest,k?n'test]n.競(jìng)賽；v.競(jìng)賽command[k?'mɑ?nd]v.命令，獲得comprehension[?k?mpr?'hen?n]n.理解tough[t?f]adj.艱難的，棘手的trend[trend]n.趨勢(shì)；v.傾向assignment[?'sainm?nt]n.分配，任務(wù)assistant[?'sist?nt]n.助手bargain['bɑ:gin]n.便宜貨；v.討價(jià)還價(jià)destination[,desti'nei??n]n.目的地adopt[?'d?pt]v.采用，收養(yǎng)cheat[t?i:t]n.騙子；v.欺騙cheque[t?ek]n.支票preserve[pri'z?:v]v.保護(hù)，保存propose[pr?'p?uz]v.計(jì)劃，提議，求婚manufacture[.m?nju'f?kt??]n.制造，制造業(yè)；v.制造crisis['kra?s?s]n.危機(jī)confirm[k?n'f??m]v.確定foundation[faun'dei??n]n.基金會(huì)，基礎(chǔ)appropriate[?'pr?upri?t]adj.適當(dāng)?shù)腶pprove[?'pru:v]v.贊同，同意(of)astronaut['?str?n?:t]n.宇航員grant[grɑ:nt]v.授予，認(rèn)為routine[ru:'ti:n]n.例行公事；adj.常規(guī)的，例行的impractical[im'pr?ktik?l]adj.不切實(shí)際的distinguish[di'sti?gwi?]v.區(qū)別(from)vital['vaitl]adj.至關(guān)重要的absence['?bsns]n.缺乏，缺席peak[pi:k]n.山峰，頂端temporary['temp?r?ri]adj.暫時(shí)的architect['ɑ:kitekt]n.建筑師universal[.ju:ni'v?:s?l]adj.普遍的grasp[grɑ:sp]v.領(lǐng)會(huì)，抓?。籲.抓住，領(lǐng)會(huì)decrease['di:kri:s,di:'kri:s]v.降低；n.降低beneficial[?beni'fi??l]adj.有益的(to)define[di'fain]v.定義vast[vɑ:st]adj.廣闊的witness['witnis]v.目擊；n.目擊者，證人wrap[r?p]v.包，裹c(diǎn)andidate['k?ndidit]n.候選人affair[?'f??]n.事件acquire[?'kwai?]v.獲得，學(xué)到certificate[s?'tifikit]n.證書，執(zhí)照champion['t??mpj?n]n.冠軍；v.保衛(wèi)estimate['estimeit]v.估計(jì)exhausted[ig'z?:stid]adj.精疲力竭的refresh[ri'fre?]v.恢復(fù)精神contract['k?ntr?kt]n.合同；v.訂合同critical['kr?t?kl]adj.批評(píng)的，決定性的civil['s?vl]adj.國內(nèi)的，公民的compose[k?m'p??z]v.組成，編排splendid['splend?d]adj.極好的strike[stra?k]v.打；n.罷工threaten['θretn]v.威脅tragedy['tr?d??di]n.悲劇transform[tr?ns'f??m]v.轉(zhuǎn)換trial['tra??l]v.試驗(yàn)；n.審訊fantasy['f?nt?si]n.幻想fetch[fet?]v.取來frequently['fri:kw?ntli]adv.頻繁地glance[glɑ:ns]v.掃視(at)；n.一瞥assume[?'sju:m]v.假定，設(shè)想uncertain[?n's?:tn]adj.不確定的urban['?:b?n]adj.城市的harbour['hɑ:b?]n.港口harmony['hɑ:m?ni]n.和諧identify[ai'dentifai]v.識(shí)別，鑒定impact['imp?kt]n.影響distinct[di'sti?kt]adj.不同的scratch[skr?t?]v.抓burst[b?:st]v.爆發(fā)(into/out)，闖入cancel['k?nsl]v.取消skip[skip]v.跳過pedestrian[pi'destri?n]n.路人peer[pi?]n.同輩；v.凝視casual['k??ju?l]adj.不經(jīng)心的，偶然的erupt[i'r?pt]v.噴發(fā)principle['prins?pl]n.原則loose[lu:s]adj.寬松的，松散的correspond[.k?ris'p?nd]v.對(duì)應(yīng)(to)advocate['?dv?keit]v.提倡ashamed[?'?eimd]adj.感到慚愧的(of)automatic[.?:t?'m?tik]adj.自動(dòng)的decorate['dek?reit]v.裝飾rough[r?f]adj.粗糙的，艱難的honorable['?n?r?bl]adj.光榮的illegal[i'li:g?l]adj.非法的negotiate[ni'g?u?ieit]v.協(xié)商(with)vivid['vivid]adj.生動(dòng)的scan[sk?n]v.掃描，瀏覽sculpture['sk?lpt??]n.雕塑selfish['selfi?]adj.自私的burden['b?:dn]n.負(fù)擔(dān)；v.使...負(fù)重absolute['?bs?lu:t]adj.絕對(duì)的，完全的accomplish[?'k?mpli?]v.實(shí)現(xiàn)，完成accuse[?'kju:z]v.控告(of)，指責(zé)administration[?d.mini'strei??n]n.管理，行政perception[p?'sep??n]n.觀念，洞察力radiation[.reidi'ei??n]n.輻射reject[ri'd?ekt]v.拒絕，排斥mild[maild]adj.輕微的，溫和的symptom['s?mpt?m]n.征兆，癥狀treasure['tre??(r)]n.財(cái)富tuition[tju'??n]n.學(xué)費(fèi)foster['f?st?]v.培養(yǎng)；adj.收養(yǎng)的模擬練習(xí)02Medicalbillswerepiling.Kidsneededglasses,carsneededrepairs,andthedogneededsurgery.Ontopofthat,Christmaswasalmost___21___ussopresentsneededtobepurchased.Butallofthatwas___22___whenmyhusband.Brian,waswaitinginourlocaltireshoptohavehissixtrucktires___23___onasnowynight.Heoverheardthetiresalesman___24___ayoungmomwith3childrenthatshewasinserious___25___ofallnewtires,aseachonewascompletely___26___down.___27___,theyoungmomsaidshedidn’thavethemoneytoreplacemorethanonetireonhercar.Onhearingthat,Brian___28___topayforatiretobeinstalled.___29___oftheonetirethiswomanwasabletopurchase.Brianknewthateventhoughitwasjustastart,theyoungmomwouldhemuch___30___drivingonthe___31___roadswithabalancedsetoftwonewtiresthantheywouldwithjustonenewtire.Theyoungmomwassosurprisedthatshe___32___chokedup.Eyesfilledwithtears,shethankedBrianandpulledaway.Myhusbandisanaturallymodest.___33___manwhofeelsrewardedinthegiving,notinthe___34___inlife.Soimaginehisunexpected___35___,whenhelaterdiscoveredthesalesmanhad___36___theentireamountspentonthe___37___tiretohisbill!___38___theseventiresmyhusbandbought,thesalesmanonly___39___himforsix.Thesimpleactofonemanmakingthedecisiontosharewhathehad,ratherthanworryingaboutwhathewould___40___,changedthingsthatnight.21.A.in B.upon C.for D.before22.A.forgotten B.solved C.changed D.purchased23.A.abandoned B.repaired C.examined D.replaced24.A.warn B.persuade C.explain D.mention25.A.danger B.place C.need D.face26.A.taken B.broken C.pulled D.worn27.A.Angrily B.Disappointedly C.Unexpectedly D.Sadly28.A.hurried B.tried C.offered D.used29.A.front B.opposite C.sure D.instead30.A.safer B.faster C.happier D.luckier31.A.icy B.hard C.dark D.long32.A.greatly B.finally C.instantly D.excitedly33.A.intelligent B.meaningful C.humorousD.generous34.A.helping B.receiving C.using D.thanking35.A.surprise B.satisfaction C.chance D.discovery36.A.added B.paid C.discountedD.returned37.A.spare B.extra C.new D.whole38.A.Regardlessof B.Morethan C.RatherthanD.Inspiteof39.A.sold B.charged C.asked D.appreciated40.A.comeacross B.comeover C.gowithoutD.gofor【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.D27.D28.C29.B30.A31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A36.D37.B38.C39.B40.C【文章大意】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過講述作者丈夫的經(jīng)歷，說明愛心可以傳遞，并且告訴我們這樣一個(gè)道理：分享自己擁有的，而不是擔(dān)心自己沒有的。21.B由sopresentsneededtobepurchased.可知圣誕節(jié)幾乎臨近。in在……之內(nèi)；upon接近；for因?yàn)椋籦efore在……之前。22.A但是所有的那些都被忘記了。forgotten忘記；solved解決；changed改變；purchased購買。23.D由theyoungmomsaidshedidn’thavethemoneytoreplacemorethanonetireonhercar.可知我的丈夫正在等待著六個(gè)卡車輪胎被替換。abandoned拋棄；repaired修理；examined檢查；replaced替換。24.A這位輪胎售貨員在提醒這位年輕的媽媽。warn提醒；persuade勸說；explain解釋；mention提到。25.C這位年輕的媽媽需要所有的輪胎。danger危險(xiǎn)；place地方；need需要；face面對(duì)。26.D每個(gè)輪胎都完全磨損了。weardown磨損，是固定短語。27.D由theyoungmomsaidshedidn’thavethemoneytoreplacemorethanonetireonhercar.可知非常悲哀，這位年輕的母親說她沒有錢為她的車替換更多的輪胎。Angrily憤怒地；Disappointedly失望地；Unexpectedly出乎意料地；Sadly悲哀地。28.CBrian提議為一個(gè)輪胎付款。hurry催促；try嘗試；offer提議；use用。29.B這個(gè)輪胎對(duì)面的那個(gè)輪胎，這位女士能夠購買。front前面；opposite對(duì)面；sure確信的；instead代替。30.ABrian知道即使只是一個(gè)開始，這位年輕的母親在結(jié)冰的道路上行駛也會(huì)更安全。safer更安全；faster更快；happier更快樂；luckier更幸運(yùn)。31.A由上文onasnowynight可知這位年輕的母親在結(jié)冰的道路上行駛也會(huì)更安全。icy結(jié)滿冰的；hard努力的；dark黑暗的；long長