動詞的時態(tài)(Tenses)他昨天來了.他已經(jīng)來了.他明天來.

Hecameyesterday.Hehascome.Hewillcometomorrow.漢語借助詞匯手段而非詞的形態(tài)變化來表示動作的發(fā)生；而英語主要通過謂語動詞時態(tài)變化來表現(xiàn)。任何句子都要先注意時態(tài).

一般過去時(TheSimplePastTense)一般現(xiàn)在時(TheSimplePresenttense)一般將來時(TheSimpleFutureTense)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(ThePresentContinuousTense)過去進(jìn)行時(ThePastContinuousTense)現(xiàn)在完成時(ThePresentPerfectTense)過去完成時

(ThePastPerfectTense)過去將來時(TheSimplePastFutureTense)將來進(jìn)行時(TheFutureContinuousTense)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(ThePresentPerfectContinuousTemse)

Howdidyouspendyourchildhood?(3sentencesormore,使用實意動詞和系動詞,注意動詞形式變化)Example:I_______(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriends.Wealways________(play)footballandbasketballtogetherandwe_______(not)havesomuchhomeworktodoasnow.We_____(be)happyatthattime.

spentplayeddidn’twere一般過去時(TheSimplePastTense)1.結(jié)構(gòu):謂動用動詞過去式，即：

主語+did+...否定句：主語+didn't+do+...2.用法:在過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過去時間的時間狀語連用。如yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,in1982等。

規(guī)則動詞變過去式/過去分詞pack---________carry---________marry---________plan---__________chat---__________like---________use---________packedcarriedmarriedplannedchattedlikedusedHowisyourdailylifeasahighschoolstudent?(3sentencesormore,使用實意動詞和系動詞,注意動詞形式變化)二.一般現(xiàn)在時(ThePresentIndefinite)IstudyhardeverydayandIgetalongwellwithmyclassmates,butsometimesImissmyfamily.1.結(jié)構(gòu):主語為第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動詞要變化,其余人稱用原形.句型1：I/You/We/They+do+...句型2：He/She/It/Tom+does+...否定句：I/You/We/They+don't+do...否定句：He/She/It/Tom+doesn't+do...2.用法:1)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用，如often/usually,every…,sometimes,at…,onSunday。2)表示不受時間限制的科學(xué)事實或客觀真理。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.

3)表示已安排或計劃好將來必定會發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),一般用于be,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等動詞中，常與時間狀語連用．如：

Themeetingstartsat2:00p.m.

動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成Dadsaidtome,“Iwillbuyacomputerforyouifyoucanpasstheexam.”Dadtoldme(that)he________(buy)acomputerformeifIcouldpasstheexam.

wouldbuy猶如pictureHowwillyouspendyourSpringFestivalholiday?Iwill…I’mgoingto…

三.一般將來時(TheSimpleFutureTense)will/shall/begoingtodo

2.be+todo，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。Wearetohaveanexamthisweek.3.beabouttodo,表示馬上做某事,不能與明確表示將來的時間狀語連用.HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.四.過去將來時(ThepastfuturesimpleTense)1.用法:

過去將來時表示立足于過去某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常用于賓語從句中.2.結(jié)構(gòu):would/should+do...否定句:would/should+not+do...Theboypromisedhewouldworkhard.ItoldmyparentsIshouldreturnearly..2).其他形式．was(were)goingtowas(were)to+動詞原形was(were)aboutto單句語法填空1.Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialogue

(tell)youthestory.2.Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit__(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.3.We

(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.2.AlbertEinsteinwasbornin1879.Asachild,fewpeopleguessedthathe

(be)afamousscientistwhosetheories

wouldchangetheworld.willtellishiredwouldbeWhataretheydoingnow?Theyarehavingaclass.五.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(ThePresentContinuousTense)2.用法：1)表示現(xiàn)在(指說話時)正在發(fā)生的事情。WearehavingEnglishclassnow.1.結(jié)構(gòu):be(am,are,is)+doing...2)表示目前這段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作,但說話時動作未必正在進(jìn)行。SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.否定句:be(am,are,is)+not+doing...3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時用來表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作,多用于表示移動的動詞,如:come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay.I’mleavingtomorrow.Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?進(jìn)行時態(tài)動原變現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則try---________see---________regret---________ban---________hate---__________wake---_________die---________lie---________tryingseeingregrettingbanninghatingwakingdyinglyingOnFebruary4,2022,the24thOlympicWinterGameswasopeninginBeijing.Whatwereyoudoingonthatday?六.過去進(jìn)行時(ThePastContinuousTense)1.結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing...否定句：was/were+not+doing...2.用法:表示過去某時或某段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作或狀態(tài)。常用的時間狀語:attenyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when…,while…七.將來進(jìn)行時(ThefuturecontinuousTense)1.用法:

將來進(jìn)行時表示將來某一時刻或某段時間里正在進(jìn)行的動作,常與一些標(biāo)志性的時間狀語連用.2.結(jié)構(gòu):肯定：will/shall+be+doing否定：will/shall+not+bedoingDuringtheepidemic,theywillbestayingathomeforamonth.Don'tcallmenextThursdaymorning.Iwillbehavingclassesatthattime.單句語法填空1.She

(play)withthecellphonewhenherbosswalkedintotheoffice.2.NextFridayIwillgotoanotherconcert.They

(play)somethingbyMozartatthattime.3.—Hi,let’sgoskating.—Sorry,I’mbusyrightnow.I

(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.wasplayingwillbeplayingamfillingEnglish,boringorfunny?Q1:HowoldwereyouwhenyoufirststartedlearningEnglish?Q2:HowlonghaveyoulearntEnglish?A:WehavelearntEnglishformanyyearssincewewere6yearsold.八.現(xiàn)在完成時(ThepresentPerfectTense)1.結(jié)構(gòu):have(has)+過去分詞否定句：have(has)+not+過去分詞2.用法:1).現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),通常用于延續(xù)性動詞.常與表示延續(xù)性的時間狀語連用,如:sofar,uptonow,recently,inthepast6years,since…,for…等等．IhavelivedinZhuhaifor3years.2).表示發(fā)生在過去的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,常用的時間狀語有:just,already,yet,ever,never,once等等.Wehavefinishedourlunchalready.Haveyouevertriedthismethod?比較一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時1).一般過去時只表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或存在的狀態(tài),不涉及對現(xiàn)在的影響；現(xiàn)在完成時表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,或強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的造成的影響。

MyfamilylivedinZhuhaitenyearsago.

（現(xiàn)在不在珠海了)

MyfamilyhavelivedinZhuhaifor10years.(目前還在珠海)

2).過去時常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與不確定的或包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語.IstudiedinZhongshanuniversityin2020.(2020年表示具體的過去時間）IhavestudiedinZhongshanUniversitysince2020.(since2020表示從2020年至今,包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi))Ihavejustboughtanapartment.(just表示不確定的時間狀語）注意：非延續(xù)性動詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時間的狀語連用。即動作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.（）Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.（）??比較since和forsince+時間點,用來說明動作起始時間for+時間段,用來說明動作延續(xù)時間長度。Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.九.過去完成時

(ThepastperfectTense)結(jié)構(gòu):had+過去分詞否定：had+not+過去分詞

概念：表示在過去的某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成的動作。----|--------------|---------|-----------|--->過去之前

過去現(xiàn)在將來Yougraduated(畢業(yè))fromJuniorMiddleSchoolinJuly2009.Youhadstayedtherefor3yearswhenyougraduated.Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves_________(runaway).WhenIcameintotheclassroom,mydearstudents__________(begin)reading.hadrunawayhadbegun十.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(Thepresentperfectcontinuoustense)結(jié)構(gòu):have/has+been+現(xiàn)在分詞

概念：常用來表示開始于過去的某一時間，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且會繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的動作或者表示到目前為止的一定時間里在反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動作。eg.Theyhavebeendoingresearchinthisfieldforover20years.單句語法填空1.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtI

(learn)theinstructor’sorders,butonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.Iforgotwhathe

(say)tomealtogether.2.Beingraisedinafamilyofteachers,I

(get)plentyofchancestoconnectmyselfwithliteraturesinceayoungage.3.I

(expect)togetthefirstprizeinthecontestbuttheresultmademedisappointed.4.—WhereisPeter?Ican’tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand

hasbeenwritinghisessaythereeversince.hadlearnthadsaidhavegothadexpectedJennyJenny__(be)aforeigngirl.She______(come)fromtheUnitedStates.Look,she_________(draw)picturesinthelivingroom.Twoyearsago,herparents______(move)toChina.Jenny________(nothave)anyfriends,soshe____(feel)lonely.Butnow,she____(have)manyChinesefriendsand______(study)withthemeveryday.Jenny________(visit)hergrandparentsintheUnitedSt