遼寧省鐵嶺市2022屆新高三上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Ourtinyboatwasploughingthrough(費(fèi)力穿過(guò))thewavesacrosstheIndianOceanandIwasabsolutelyfreezing.Thefurtherwegotfromtheshelteroftheland,themoreIthoughthowfoolishI'dbeentoealongonthistrip.

Thepilotoftheboatlookedalmost60but,perhapsbecauseofalifetimeontheopenseainthehotsun,wasveryfitandstrong.Iwaswonderinghowhemanagedtofindhisway.Tome,itseemeddifficultenoughtonavigateaboatwithoutanyelectronicequipmentevenonasunnyday.

Soatleastweweresafe.Butthiswasnotwhatwehadealongfor.Alookattheotherdivers'facessuggestedthatnowtheywerealsodoubtfulthatwe'devergetthechancetoseeawhaleshark—theseweatherconditionsweretotallyunsuitablefordiving!Noneofusspoke.Itseemedtoomuchofaneffort.Thensuddenlytheboatmanstoppedtheengine.Hesaidafewwordsinhisownlanguagetothedivinginstructor,whoimmediatelyjumpedupfromhisseatandtoldustogetreadytodive.

WhenIjumpedintothegreysea,IwassureIwouldn'tseeanything.Butthen...thereitwas!Anenormouswhaleshark,slowlyswimmingthroughthewater.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes—myfirstwhaleshark!Ihardlydaredbreathe—Iwasafraidmystreamsofbubbles(氣泡)

mightscarethehugecreatureaway.Andtheotherdiverswereequallyawed.Slowlyweapproachedthishugeanimal.Itwasswimmingquiteslowlyandwewereabletoswimwithit,lookingatthebeautifulmarkingsonitsback.Iwasstillholdingmybreath,tellingmyselfthatthishugefishwasharmless!ThenIreachedoutandtouchedit,stroking

(輕撫)itsthickskin.Itwasamazinghowthisgiantsuddenlygainedspeed—wewatcheditasitswamawayfromus,andafewmomentslateritwasgone.21.WhileridingatinyboatacrosstheIndianOcean,theauthor_____.A.volunteeredtoactasapilot

B.feltregretabouthisdecisionC.enjoyedthebeautifulsunshine

D.talkedwithotherpeoplehappily22.Theauthorprobablywantedtoknowhowtheboatman_____.A.keptfitinhissparetime

B.spenthislifeontheboatC.navigatedhisboatatsea

D.municatedwithothers23.Whatwasthepurposeoftheauthor'strip?A.Toseeawhaleshark.

B.Tolearnhowtodive.C.ToswimtheIndianOcean.

D.Tosaveunderwatercreatures.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhejumpedintothesea?A.Ratheranxiousandangry.

B.Alittlescaredbutexcited.C.Doubtfulanddisappointed.

D.Abittiredbutlaterrelaxed.

BHistorytellsusthatfootwearwasoneofthefirstthingsancientpeoplelearnedtomake.Footwearhelpedthemacrossrockypathsorhotsandswithoutinjuringthemselves.Theearliestfootwearweknowofwassimplyapieceofplaited(編織的)grassorleathertiedtothefeet.TheancientEgyptiansseemtohaveinventedthefirstfootwearwithafirmsole(鞋底)

—sandals.Egyptianroyaltyusuallyworesandalsthathadadifferentstylefromthosewithlesserstatus(身份),whileslaveswerenotallowedtowearanythingontheirfeet.Thesandalisstillthebasicformoffootwearinmanycountries,particularlythosewithahotclimate,whereasincoldclimates,anentirelydifferenttypeofshoeappeared—themoccasin—aslippershapedshoemadeofsoftbutstrongleather.TheGreekswerethefirsttodevelopshoeswithheels(鞋跟).Then,intheMiddleAges,shoeswithlongpointsatthetoebecamevery

chic

forthenobility.Theseshoeswereoftenverydifficulttowear.Othertrendsfollowed,withsquaretoedshoes,wideshoes,andevenshoesthatcouldmakeawomanstandtwofeettaller.Notsurprisingly,thesesometimesledtoaccidents.Eventoday,fashionratherthanfortoftenleadstothekindof

shoes

womenwear.Mechanicalshoemakingappearedinthe1800sinNorthAmerica.Untilthen,shoeshadbeenmadewiththesamekindsofhandtoolsusedbytheancientEgyptians.Andin1858,amachinewasinventedthatcouldstitch(縫合)thesoleofashoetotheupperpart.Nowitwaspossibletomakeshoesthatwereshapedtofiteithertheleftorrightfoot.Towardtheendofthe1800scameanewtypeofshoethatwasspecificallydesignedforsports—thesneaker—anditsoonbeeanalltimefavorite.25.Whatdidshoesoftenshowinancienttimes?A.Therichresources.

B.People'sdifferentbeliefs.C.People'sstatusinsociety.

D.Thechangeableclimates.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chic”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Valuable.

B.Convenient.C.Fashionable.D.fortable.27.Beforemechanicalshoemakingappeared,_____.A.shoeswereoftenverydifficultforpeopletowearB.alltheshoepatternsmadebytheGreekswerethesameC.theonlyfunctionoffootwearwastoprotectpeople'sfeetD.peopleworethesameshapedshoesontheirtwofeet28.Howdoesthetextmainlydevelop?A.Byprovidingexamples.

B.Bymakingparisons.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.

D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.CThecoffeegiantStarbucksisonceagainapopularsearchontheinternet,andtherearepeoplewhothinkthatcoffeeisnowreplacingteaasthemostpopulardrinkinChina.But,isthatreallyso?StarbucksopeneditsbiggestcaféshopintheworldinShanghaithisWednesday.Thecoffeegiantsaysthiswillnotonlygivecustomerstheusualgreatcoffee,butalsogivethemthefullexperienceofhowthemagicalcoffeebeansgetroastedtobeethosewonderfuldropsthatmakeupyourfavoritedrinks.ItisliketheWillyWonkafactoryforcoffeelovers.Thepanyisexpandingaggressively,andopeninganewstoreevery15hoursonaverageinChina.Chinahasveryrichandsplendidteaculture.Whatseemslikethemostenjoyablethingistodrink

acupofteaonaquietdaythatisfullof"Zen"(禪)spirit.Butthefastpaceoflifesometimesdoesn'tallowthat.Sothereareteashopownerslocatingtheirshopsinthedowntownareainordertoprovidequickserviceforcustomers.TakeHeyteaforexample.It'soneofthemosthighlyratedteashopsandithasnowopenedseveralnewbranchesinthebusinessareasofbigcitieslikeBeijing.Waitinginlinesforlongerthanonehourismon.China'sconsumptionofteaisimmeasurable.AccordingtoaresearchofUSCInstitute,inChina,theaveragepersonconsumes400cupsofteaperyear.Soitisunlikelythatcoffeecanreplaceteaasthecountry'smaindrinkanytimesoon.Theexpandingcoffeeshopsarenottheretoreplacetea,buttoprovidepeoplewithanotherchoicethattheycanusetoenjoylife.29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaboutStarbucks?A.TheshopopenedinShanghaisimplyworksasadrinkingplace.B.Starbuckscanonlybeseeninthedowntownareaofacity.C.StarbucksholdsacertainshareofChinesedrinkingmarket.D.Starbuckssuppliestheworldwiththebesttastingcoffee.30.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthethirdparagraph?A.TeacultureisrootedintheheartsofChinesecitizens.B.Theenjoymentofteadrinkingcanonlybeexperiencedinaquietplace.C.Teaconsumptionholdsthelargestshareofworlddrinkingmarket.D.ThefastpaceofmodernlifemakesteadrinkingnolongerpleasantinChina.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetocoffeeandteainChina?A.TeamaybringmorepleasuretoChinesecitizens’life.B.CoffeewillreplaceteainChinesedrinkingmarket.C.Bothcoffeeandteawillmakepeople’slifeenjoyable.D.CoffeeandteagainthesamepopularityinChina.DChildrenthinkotheryoungsterswhowearglasseslooksmarterandaremorehonestthanthosewhodon'twearglasses,accordingtoaU.S.studyof80children.Inaddition,theresearchersfoundthatchildrenseldomjudgepeers(同齡人)wearingglassesintermsofappearance.Thestudyincluded42girlsand38boys,aged6to10.Ofthose,30woreglasses,34hadatleastoneclassmatewithglasses,andalmosttwothirdshadatleastoneparentwhoworeglasses.Thestudyparticipantswereshown24pairsofpicturesofchildren.Thechildrenineachpairofpicturesdifferedbygender(性別)andrace,andeachpairofpicturesincludedonechildwithglassesandonechildwithoutglasses.Thechildrenwereaskedaseriesofquestionsabouteachpairofphotos.Abouttwothirdssaidchildrenwearingglasseslookedsmarterthanthosewithoutglasses,and57percentsaidchildrenwearingglasseslookedmorehonest.Thesefindingsmayhelpfortchildrenasthey'refittedfortheirfirstpair

ofglasses,leadauthorJeffreyWalline,anassistantprofessorofoptometry(視力測(cè)試法)atOhioStateUniversity,suggestedinapreparedstatement."Iftheimpressionoflookingsmarterwillappealtoachild,Iwouldusethatinformationandtellthechilditisbasedonresearch.Mostkidsgettingglassesforthefirsttimearesensitiveabouthowthey'regoingtolook.Somekidssimplyrefusetowearglasses,becausetheythinkthey'lllookugly,"Wallinesaid.32.Whatimpressionmayayoungsterwearingapairofglassesleaveonhisclassmate?A.Ugly.

B.Easygoing.

C.Dynamic.

D.Intelligent.33.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectabouttheparticipantsofthestudy?A.Mostofthemworeglassesatanearlyage.B.Mostofthemhadonefamilymemberwearingglasses.C.Theyobservedchildrenofdifferentagesineachpicture.D.Theywererequiredtoanswerthesamequestions.34.Whymaytheresultofthestudyfortthechildrenfirstwearingglasses?A.Becausethestudyiscarriedoutinascientificway.B.Becauseitconvincesthemofthenecessityofwearingglasses.C.Becauseitmayhelpremovealltheirinitialworries.D.Becausethechildrendocareaboutbeingsmarter.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthisarticle?A.WearingGlasses,SmarterLooking.

B.WearingGlasses,MoreIntelligent.C.ConcernsonWearingGlasses.

D.WearingGlasses,aNewTrend.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologists(心理學(xué)家）havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy，

researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.

36

.Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.Latelastyear,Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones,andisn’tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still,chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers一somethingtheytypicallyavoided.

37

.Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat，madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服務(wù)員）reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易）.

38

Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.[來(lái)源:]

39

.Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“l(fā)esscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露）.Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.

40

.

A.Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B.TheyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappinessC.Butdon’tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet..D.Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomething

bigger.E.A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded,canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”.F.Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.G.Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.

[來(lái)源:ZXXK]第三部分：語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Recently,theideathatlisteningtoclassicalmusiccanincreaseintelligence,especiallyin

41

,hascaughttheattentionofthemedia,researchers,andparentsaroundtheglobe.Intheearly1990s,researchersfromFranceandtheUSpublishedarticlesthatsaid

42

Mozartfor10minutestemporarily

43

performanceonIQtestsandchallengingtasks.44

,themediaquicklybeganreportingonthe“Mozarteffect”.In1997,DonCampbellpublishedabookaboutthis

45

phenomenon.Campbellsaidthatclassical

46

couldimprovehealthandmemory,preventmentalandphysicaldisorders,and

47

stressanddepression.Hesoon

48

with

TheMozartEffectforChildren,aswellasCDsandproductsforparentsofyoungchildren.Today,awideselectionofsimilarproductsis

49

,including

BabyMozart

and

BabyBach,twobestsellingDVDsinthepopular

BabyEinstein

series.Thereareevenmusicplayersspecially

50

forexpectant(預(yù)產(chǎn)期的)motherstowearontheirstomachs.

51,babiescanlistentoclassicalmusicbeforethey'reeven

52

.

53

,thereissomedoubtsurroundingthe“Mozarteffect”.Parents

54

whetheritisaprovenrealityorjustafad(潮流)designedtomakemoney.FrancesH.Rauscher,apsychologistandauthorofoneoftheoriginalstudies,is

55

.Muchoftheoriginal

56

pointedtotemporaryimprovementsonspecifictasks.She

57

thesefindingshavebeenincorrectlydescribedasageneralincreasein

58

.“Idon'tthinkitcanhurt,”Rauschersaid.Yetsheaddedthat

59

maystillwanttothinktwice

60

spendingafortunetryingtomakeagenius(天才)outoftheirbaby.41.A.scientists

B.musicians

C.adults

D.babies42.A.joiningin

B.dreamingof

C.talkingabout

D.listeningto43.A.improved

B.measured

C.provided

D.enjoyed44.A.Onthewhole

B.Asaresult

C.Onthecontrary

D.Inotherwords45.A.mon

B.natural

C.interesting

D.alarming46.A.literature

B.music

C.world

D.education47.A.cause

B.place

C.reduce

D.limit48.A.began

B.dealt

C.agreed

D.followed49.A.useless

B.priceless

C.available

D.changeable50.A.tested

B.designed

C.searched

D.collected51.A.Bytheway

B.Inthisway

C.Ontheway

D.Alltheway52.A.born

B.lost

C.trained

D.invited53.A.Besides

B.Therefore

C.Instead

D.However54.A.check

B.question

C.determine

D.evaluate55.A.real

B.right

C.normal

D.doubtful56.A.anxiety

B.material

C.research

D.argument57.A.cheers

B.expects

C.remembers

D.believes58.A.costs

B.health

C.disorders

D.intelligence59.A.teachers

B.experts

C.parents

D.players60.A.after

B.unless

C.before

D.as第Ⅱ卷[來(lái)源:]第三部分：語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題分，滿(mǎn)分15分）ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,00025,000polarbearsworldwide.Modemmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67(note)thathungrybearsmaybe