2023-2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高二年級(jí)期中學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)試題英語(yǔ)本試卷共12頁(yè)，62小題，滿分120分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名和考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。并用2B鉛筆將對(duì)應(yīng)的信息點(diǎn)涂黑，不按要求填涂的，答卷無(wú)效。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新的答案，不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)束后，只需將答題卡交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)；滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATripadvisor

BestthingstodoinDentonBayless-SelbyMuseumBayless-SelbyMuseumfeaturesallthesplendorofthe19thcenturyarchitecture,anditsroomsarefurnishedwithrareantiquesfromthetimeperiod.ItisopenTuesdaythroughSaturdaybetweenAprilandOctober,andWednesdaythroughSaturdayfromNovembertoMarch.CampusTheatreDenton’sCampusTheatreisatruepartofthetown’shistory.Itbeganasamagnificentmoviehousein1949,shutdownin1985,butreturned10yearslaterasaperformingartscenter.Today,theCampusTheatre,locatedindowntownDenton,hostsfilmfestivals,playsandmusicals.Ticketsfortheseperformancescanbebookedonthetheater’swebsite.RayRobertsParkBoatingdownascenicscream,swimonabeautifulbeach,tryyourluckatcatchingafish,orpitchatentandsleepunderthestars.Younameit,youcandoitatRayRobertsPark.Twentymilesofmulti-usepaths,amarinathatsellsandrentsboats,andahotelcanbefoundwithinthepark,locatedjustnorthofDenton.ClearCreekCenterThecenteroffersloversofthegreatoutdoorsthechancetoexperiencesomeofthebestbirdingandhikingintheDentonarea,TravelthenearlyeightmilesofnaturepathsthatcovertheClearCreekandtheElmForkoftheTrinityRiverthroughgrasslands,wetlandsandhardwoodforests.1.WhencanyouvisittheBayless-SelbyMuseuminanymonth?A.OnSunday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnTuesday. D.OnMonday.2.Wherecanyouenjoyartisticperformances?A.Bayless-SelbyMuseum. B.CampusTheatre.C.RayRobertsPark. D.ClearCreekCenter.3.WhatdoRayRobertsParkandClearCreekCenterhaveincommon?AWildlifehunting. B.Cyclingbythewater.C.Oldhousesintheforest. D.Outdooractivities.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹去丹頓旅游最好去的一些地方。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bayless-SelbyMuseum部分中的“ItisopenTuesdaythroughSaturdaybetweenAprilandOctober,andWednesdaythroughSaturdayfromNovembertoMarch.(它在4月至10月的周二至周六開放，11月至3月的周三至周六開放。)”可知，在四月至十月的周六都開放，十一月至三月的每周六也開放，由此可知，每個(gè)月的周六都開放。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CampusTheatre部分中的“Itbeganasamagnificentmoviehousein1949,shutdownin1985,butreturned10yearslaterasaperformingartscenter.Today,theCampusTheatre,locatedindowntownDenton,hostsfilmfestivals,playsandmusicals.(1949年，它最初是一座宏偉的電影院，1985年關(guān)閉，但10年后又作為一個(gè)表演藝術(shù)中心回歸。如今，位于丹頓市中心的校園劇院舉辦電影節(jié)、戲劇和音樂(lè)劇。)”可知，CampusTheatre在1985年關(guān)閉，但十年后，有座位表演藝術(shù)中心回歸，由此可知，CampusTheatre是一個(gè)表演藝術(shù)中心。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RayRobertsPark部分中的“Boatingdownasceniccreek,swimonabeautifulbeach,tryyourluckatcatchingafish,orpitchatentandsleepunderthestars.Twentymilesofmultiusepaths,amarinathatsellsandrentsboats,andahotelcanbefoundwithinthepark,locatedjustnorthofDenton.(沿著風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的小溪?jiǎng)澊?，在美麗的海灘上游泳，試試運(yùn)氣抓魚，或者搭帳篷睡在星空下。20英里的多功能道路，一個(gè)出售和租賃船只的碼頭，以及位于丹頓北部的一家酒店，都可以在公園里找到。)”可知，在RayRoberts可以在小溪?jiǎng)澊?，在海灘上游泳，或者搭帳篷睡在星空下，結(jié)合ClearCreekCenter部分中的“ThecenteroffersloversofthegreatoutdoorsthechancetoexperiencesomeofthebestbirdingandhikingintheDentonarea,TravelthenearlyeightmilesofnaturepathsthatcovertheClearCreekandtheElmForkoftheTrinityRiverthroughgrasslands,wetlandsandhardwoodforests.(該中心為熱愛戶外活動(dòng)的人提供了體驗(yàn)丹頓地區(qū)最好的觀鳥和徒步旅行的機(jī)會(huì)，他們可以沿著近八英里長(zhǎng)的自然小徑旅行，穿過(guò)草原、濕地和硬木森林，穿越清澈的小溪和三一河的榆樹叉。)”可知，ClearCreek中心為熱愛戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的人提供了體驗(yàn)丹頓地區(qū)最好的觀鳥和徒步旅行的機(jī)會(huì)，綜合以上信息可知，這兩個(gè)地方都是戶外活動(dòng)的好地方。故選D項(xiàng)。BLastJuly,my12-year-oldcardiedonCalifornia’sSantaAnaFreeway.Itwasanhourbeforesunset,andIwas25milesfromhome.Icouldn’treachanyonetopickmeup,soIdecidedtotakeabus.Notknowingtheroutes,IfiguredI’djustheadeast.Abuspulledup,andIaskedthedriverhowfarshewasgoing.“Fourmorelights,”shesaid.TherewasanotherbusIcouldtakefromtherebeforeitwasoutofserviceat8:30p.m.Thisclearlywasgoingtobealongnight.Shedroppedmeoffattheendofherrouteandtoldmewhichbustolookfor.Afterwaiting30minutes,Ibegantothinkaboutaveryexpensivetaxiridehome.Thenabuspulledup.Therewasnolightednumberaboveitswindshield(擋風(fēng)玻璃).Itwasoutofservice.Butthedooropened,andIwassurprisedtofindthatitwasthesamedriver.“Ijustcan’tleaveyouhere,”shesaid.“Thisisn’tthenicestplace.I’llgiveyouaridehome.”“You’lldrivemeinthebus?”Iasked,perplexed(困惑的).“No,I’lltakeyouinmycar,”shesaid.“It’salongway,”Iprotested.“Comeon,”shesaid.“Ihavenothingelsetodo.”Aswedrovefromthestationinhercar,shebegantellingmeastory.Afewdaysearlier,herbrotherhadrunoutofgas.AgoodSamaritanpickedhimup,tookhimtoaservicestationandthenbacktohiscar.“I’mjustpassingthefavoralong,”shesaid.WhenIofferedhermoneyasathank-you,shewouldn’thearofit.“Thatwouldn’tmakeitafavor,”shesaid.“Justdosomethingniceforsomebody.Passitalong.”4.Judgingfromitscontext,thetimewhenthewritersawthesecondbusshewaitedforwas__________.A.anhourbeforesunset B.earlyatdawn C.intheevening D.lateatnight5Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Nobuswouldpossiblycomeatthetimewhenthewriterdecidedtotakeataxihome.B.Thebusdriverdecidedtodrivethewriterhomeinthebusthoughitwasoutofservice.C.Thewriterdidn’tbelievewhatthebusdriversaidandbecameabitworried.D.Thebusdriverfeltsorrybecauseshedidn’ttellthetruth,soshecameback.6.Thebusdriverdrovethewriterhomelaterbecause________.A.shehappenedtogointhesamedirection B.shewantedtodosomethinggoodforotherpeopleC.shewantedtopassthefavoralongasherbrother D.shewantedtoearnmoremoneyforherfamily7.Thewriterwrotethisstoryto________.A.tellsomethingstrangethathappenedtohimB.warnpeoplenottodriveoldcaronCalifornia’sSantaAnaFreewayC.passagoodvirtuealongfromonetoanotherD.tellpassengersthatbusdriverswerereliableinmostcases【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者的汽車壞在路上，遇到好心的公交車司機(jī)熱心幫忙的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“TherewasanotherbusIcouldtakefromtherebeforeitwasoutofserviceat8:30p.m.(在晚上8點(diǎn)半停止服務(wù)之前，我可以從那里乘坐另一輛公共汽車。)”及第二段“Afterwaiting30minutes,Ibegantothinkaboutaveryexpensivetaxiridehome.Thenabuspulledup.(等了30分鐘后，我開始考慮坐一輛非常昂貴出租車回家。然后一輛公共汽車停了下來(lái)。)”可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)是傍晚的時(shí)候，還不到深夜。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Afterwaiting30minutes,Ibegantothinkaboutaveryexpensivetaxiridehome.Thenabuspulledup.Therewasnolightednumberaboveitswindshield(擋風(fēng)玻璃).Itwasoutofservice.(等了30分鐘后，我開始考慮坐一輛非常昂貴的出租車回家。然后一輛公交開過(guò)來(lái)。車上的擋風(fēng)玻璃上沒(méi)有光亮的數(shù)字。這輛車下班了。)”以及“Ijustcan’tleaveyouhere(我不能把你留在這里)”和“Thisisn’tthenicestplace.I’llgiveyouaridehome.(這不是最好的地方。我送你回家。)”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)很有可能沒(méi)有公交服務(wù)了，A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)作者決定乘出租車回家時(shí)，可能沒(méi)有公共汽車來(lái)”正確。故選A。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“I’mjustpassingthefavoralong(我只是將這種善舉傳遞下去)”和“Justdosomethingniceforsomebody.(只是要為某人做點(diǎn)好事)”可知，司機(jī)之所以送作者回家是因?yàn)橄霝閯e人做些好事。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Justdosomethingniceforsomebody.Passitalong.(只是要為某人做點(diǎn)好事。把它傳遞下去。)”可推知，作者寫這個(gè)故事是為了把美德傳給別人。故選C。C?“Redtourism”,anewformoftourisminwhichpeoplevisitlocationsandmemorialsofhistoricalsignificancetotheCommunistPartyofChina,hasgivenamuch-neededshotinthearmofthedomestic(國(guó)內(nèi)的)tourismindustryinsummer.AndredtourismwillbemorepopularduringtheNationalDayGoldenWeekholiday.TicketbookingsforredtourismsitesinJuneincreasedbyfivetimeswithlocalandshorttripstoredtourismsitesbeingthechoiceofabout88percentofsuchtourists.Andthesearchfortheterm?“redtourism”onMafengwo,aChinesetravelserviceandsocial-networkingplatform,increasedby300percentduringthesummerholidays.Redtourismisnotonlyaboutthejoyofvisitinganewplaceandtakinginthewonderfulsights.ItisalsoaboutgainingknowledgeabouthistoryandbeinginspiredbythestoriesofthepeoplewhogavetheirlivestothefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicin1949andworkedforthewellbeingoftheChinesepeople.ByrediscoveringhistoryandpassingonthestoriesoftheChineserevolutionanditsheroestothenextgenerations,peoplecanuplifttheirspirit.Redtourismcanalsobeusedasanopportunitytodeveloprural(農(nóng)村的)areasbecausemostoftherevolutionarybasesandredtourismsitesareinthecountryside.Itcanraisetheincomesoflocalpeople,Sinceredtourismcreatesjobsandhelpsincreasefarmers’incomes,itcandeveloplocaldevelopment.Datashowthatinthefirsthalfof2022,morethan30percentofalltouristsvisitedredtourismsitesinruralareas,whichwas10percentmorethanthelastyear.Yetredtourismfacescertaindevelopmentalproblems,mainlybecausesomelocalgovernmentofficialshavefailedtomakethebestuseofredtourismresourcesforlocaldevelopment.8.Whatcanweknowaboutredtourism?A.Itisanewformoftravelinwhichpeoplevisitredplaces.B.ItwasnotpopularduringthelastNationalDayGoldenWeekholidayC.Ithasbroughtlifetotourism.D.Itisaboutvisitingcolorfulsceneryespeciallywithredcolor.9.Whydoestheauthorlistthenumbersinparagraph2?A.Toprovehisidea. B.Todescribeaboomingscene.C.Toillustratethestory. D.Tointroduceaplatform.10.Whatisthebenefitofredtourismforruralareas?A.Itcanhelpimprovefarmingfacilitiesandefficiency.B.Itcanofferjobopportunitiestobothfarmersandvisitors.C.Localpeoplecandeveloplocaldevelopment.D.Localincomecanliterallydecrease.11.Whatwillbementionedinthefollowingparagraphs?A.Moreandmorepeoplewillchooseredtourism.B.Manytravelcompanieswillbenefitfromredtourism.C.Moreredtourismsitesshouldbeopentothepublic.D.Somemeasuresshouldbetakentosolveproblems.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是當(dāng)代旅游業(yè)的一劑強(qiáng)氣劑的紅色旅游的基本情況及存在的問(wèn)題。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Redtourism”,anewformoftourisminwhichpeoplevisitlocationsandmemorials(紀(jì)念碑)ofhistoricalsignificancetotheCommunistPartyofChina,hasgivenamuch-neededshotinthearmofthedomestic(國(guó)內(nèi)的)tourismindustryinsummer.(“紅色旅游”是一種新的旅游形式，人們參觀對(duì)中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨有歷史意義的地點(diǎn)和紀(jì)念館，在夏季給國(guó)內(nèi)旅游業(yè)注入了急需的一劑強(qiáng)氣劑。)”可知，紅色旅游給旅游業(yè)帶來(lái)了新的生機(jī)。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TicketbookingsforredtourismsitesinJuneincreasedbyfivetimeswithlocalandshorttripstoredtourismsitesbeingthechoiceofabout88percentofsuchtourists.Andthesearchfortheterm“redtourism”onMafengwo,aChinesetravelserviceandsocial-networkingplatform,increasedby300percentduringthesummerholidays.(6月份，紅色旅游景點(diǎn)的訂票量增長(zhǎng)了5倍，其中約88%的游客選擇了當(dāng)?shù)睾投掏镜募t色旅游景點(diǎn)。在中國(guó)旅游服務(wù)和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)螞蜂窩上，“紅色旅游”一詞的搜索量在暑假期間增加了300%。)”可知，暑假期間紅色旅游景點(diǎn)的訂票量飆升，而“紅色旅游”一詞也成為了網(wǎng)絡(luò)高頻搜索詞，由此可以推斷作者列舉數(shù)字是為了進(jìn)一步證明自己在第一段提出的觀點(diǎn)——紅色旅游給旅游業(yè)帶來(lái)了新的生機(jī)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Redtourismcanalsobeusedasanopportunitytodeveloprural(農(nóng)村的)areasbecausemostoftherevolutionarybasesandredtourismsitesareinthecountryside.Itcanraisetheincomesoflocalpeople,Sinceredtourismcreatesjobsandhelpsincreasefarmers'incomes,itcandeveloplocaldevelopment.(紅色旅游也可以作為發(fā)展農(nóng)村的機(jī)會(huì)，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)革命根據(jù)地和紅色旅游景點(diǎn)都在農(nóng)村。它可以提高當(dāng)?shù)厝说氖杖?，因?yàn)榧t色旅游創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，幫助增加農(nóng)民的收入，它可以促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)氐陌l(fā)展。)”可知，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)革命根據(jù)地和紅色旅游景點(diǎn)都在農(nóng)村，所以當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民得以促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)展。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Yetredtourismfacescertaindevelopmentalproblems,mainlybecausesomelocalgovernmentofficialshavefailedtomakethebestuseofredtourismresourcesforlocaldevelopment.(然而，紅色旅游面臨著一定的發(fā)展問(wèn)題，主要是因?yàn)橐恍┑胤秸賳T沒(méi)有充分利用紅色旅游資源，促進(jìn)地方發(fā)展。)”可知，雖然紅色旅游會(huì)促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，但是因?yàn)橐恍┑胤秸賳T沒(méi)有充分利用紅色旅游資源，導(dǎo)致紅色旅游發(fā)展存在一些問(wèn)題，所以接下來(lái)要講的應(yīng)該是要采取一定的措施來(lái)解決這些問(wèn)題，以促進(jìn)紅色旅游的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。故選D項(xiàng)。DIntheU.S.,peopleeatmoreproteinthantheyneedto,whichmightnotbebadforhumanhealth,butdoesposeaproblemforthecountry’swaterways.Thenation’swastewaterisloadedwiththeleftoversfromproteindigestion:nitrogencompounds(氮化合物)thatcanfeedharmfulalgalblooms(藻華)andpollutetheairanddrinkingwater.MayaAlmaraz,abiogeochemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,andherteamwantedtoseehowmuchofthisnitrogenenteredintotheU.S.wastewatersystembecauseofaprotein-heavydiet.Theresearchersfoundthatthemajorityofnitrogenpollutionpresentinwastewater—some67to100percent—isaby-productofwhatpeopleconsume.Onceitenterstheenvironment,thenitrogencanhaveaseriesofecologicalimpacts.Ithelpsalgaegrowmuchfasterthantheywouldnormally,whichisharmfultohumans,otheranimalsandplants.Andwhenthealgaeeventuallydie,theproblemisnotover.Microorganisms(微生物)thatfeedondeadalgaeuseupoxygeninthewater,leadingto“deadzones”,wheremanyspeciessimplycannotsurvive,inrivers,lakesandoceans.Althoughitispossibletotreatalgalblooms,manyofthecurrentmethodsarenotalwayseffectiveatgettingridofalloftheharmfulgrowth.Someofthesemethodscanevenleadtoadditionalpollution.Sothebeststrategyfordealingwiththeeffectsofnitrogenpollutionisprevention,saysPatriciaGlibert,anoceanscientistattheUniversityofMaryland.Almarazandherteamstatethatcontrollingnitrogenpollutioncouldbeapproachedmorequicklywithachangeineatinghabitsthatcouldsavebillionsofdollarsinthelongterm.12.WhichaspectofAmericans’dietdoesAlmaraz’sresearchfocuson?A.Itsnitrogencompounds. B.Itsalgalblooms.C.Itsamount. D.Itseffect.13.Whatcauses“deadzones”inthewater?A.Nooxygenformanyspecies.B.Deathoflotsofhealthyalgae.C.Microorganisms’over-consumptionofnutrients.D.Poisonouschemicalsreleasedbyharmfulalgae.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecurrenttreatmentsforalgalblooms?A.Theyarecostlybutinefficiently. B.Theymaycausesecondarypollution.C.Theymaykillallalgae. D.Theyareslowtotakeeffect.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhytheAlgaeGrowSoRapidly?B.WhyEatingTooMuchProteinHarmsthePlanet?C.HowtoPreventtheAirandWaterPollution?D.HowtoSolvetheProblemofWastewater?【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了美國(guó)人吃過(guò)多蛋白質(zhì)會(huì)導(dǎo)致氮污染，并且這種污染會(huì)促進(jìn)有害藻類的生長(zhǎng)，最終對(duì)環(huán)境造成負(fù)面影響。作者呼吁改變生活習(xí)慣來(lái)控制氮污染，從而在長(zhǎng)期上節(jié)省資金?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thenation’swastewaterisloadedwiththeleftoversfromproteindigestion:nitrogencompounds(氮化合物)thatcanfeedharmfulalgalblooms(藻華)andpollutetheairanddrinkingwater.(這個(gè)國(guó)家的廢水中充滿了蛋白質(zhì)消化的殘余物：氮化合物會(huì)滋生有害的藻類，污染空氣和飲用水)”以及第二段中“MayaAlmaraz,abiogeochemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,andherteamwantedtoseehowmuchofthisnitrogenenteredintotheU.S.wastewatersystembecauseofaprotein-heavydiet.(加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校的生物地球化學(xué)家瑪雅·阿爾馬拉茲和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)想知道，由于蛋白質(zhì)含量高的飲食，有多少氮進(jìn)入了美國(guó)的廢水系統(tǒng))”可知，加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校的生物地球化學(xué)家瑪雅·阿爾瑪拉茲和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)研究關(guān)注的是美國(guó)人飲食由于蛋白質(zhì)含量高，美國(guó)的水道中含有蛋白質(zhì)消化的殘余物：氮化合物，該物質(zhì)對(duì)生物、空氣和飲用水等造成了影響，故阿爾瑪拉茲研究關(guān)注的是美國(guó)人飲食造成的影響。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Microorganisms(微生物)thatfeedondeadalgaeuseupoxygeninthewater,leadingto“deadzones”,wheremanyspeciessimplycannotsurvive,inrivers,lakesandoceans.(以死藻為食的微生物耗盡了水中的氧氣，導(dǎo)致河流、湖泊和海洋中的“死區(qū)”，許多物種根本無(wú)法在那里生存)”可知，以死藻為食的微生物耗盡了水中的氧氣，許多物種沒(méi)有了氧氣，導(dǎo)致了“死區(qū)”的出現(xiàn)。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Althoughitispossibletotreatalgalblooms,manyofthecurrentmethodsarenotalwayseffectiveatgettingridofalloftheharmfulgrowth.

Someofthesemethodscanevenleadtoadditionalpollution.(雖然有可能處理藻華，但目前的許多方法并不總是有效地消除所有有害的生長(zhǎng)。其中一些方法甚至?xí)?dǎo)致額外的污染)”可知，當(dāng)前對(duì)于藻華的一些處理方法容易造成額外污染即二次污染。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thenation’swastewaterisloadedwiththeleftoversfromproteindigestion:nitrogencompounds(氮化合物)thatcanfeedharmfulalgalblooms(藻華)andpollutetheairanddrinkingwater.(這個(gè)國(guó)家的廢水中充滿了蛋白質(zhì)消化的殘余物：氮化合物會(huì)滋生有害的藻類，污染空氣和飲用水)”以及文章介紹了美國(guó)人吃過(guò)多蛋白質(zhì)會(huì)導(dǎo)致氮污染，并且這種污染會(huì)促進(jìn)有害藻類的生長(zhǎng)，最終對(duì)環(huán)境造成負(fù)面影響。作者呼吁改變生活習(xí)慣來(lái)控制氮污染，從而在長(zhǎng)期上節(jié)省資金。B選項(xiàng)“為什么攝入過(guò)多的蛋白質(zhì)會(huì)危害地球？”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。CommonMistakesNewRunnersMakeRunningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,____16____,whichcaninterfere(妨礙)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.Ifyou’rejuststartingout,keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.●DoingtoomuchtoosoonOneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.____17____.●____18____Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit’simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.●NotwearingtherightequipmentWhileitmaybetruethatyoudon’tneedexpensiveequipmenttotakeuprunning,____19____.Themostimportantpieceofequipmentforrunningisagoodpairofrunningshoes,sobesuretodosomeresearchbeforeyoupurchaseapair.Visitarunningspecialtystoreandaskanemployeetofityouforashoe.●Runningthroughpain____20____.Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.Remember:Itdoesn’tmakeyoulessofarunnerifyoulistentoyourbodytokeepithealthy.A.manymakeanumberofcommonmistakesB.RunningcanbeuncomfortableattimesC.NottakingrestdaysD.noteveryoneisfondofrunningE.Expertssuggestincreasingyourrunningbylessthan10%eachweekF.It’simportantnottousethesamemusclesG.it’simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts【答案】16.A17.E18.C19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤?！?6題詳解】上文“Runningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.(跑步是保持體形的好方法，幾乎每個(gè)人都可以做到。)”和下文“whichcaninterfere(妨礙)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.(這些錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)干擾訓(xùn)練或?qū)е率軅?”指出跑步時(shí)有些人會(huì)犯一些常見的錯(cuò)誤，這些錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)干擾訓(xùn)練或?qū)е率軅?，由本段?biāo)題“CommonMistakesNewRunnersMake(新跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者會(huì)犯的錯(cuò)誤。A項(xiàng)“許多人犯一些常見的錯(cuò)誤”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【17題詳解】上文“Oneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine(新跑步者犯的最大錯(cuò)誤之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地進(jìn)入訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃將有助于降低受傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這樣您就可以繼續(xù)新的跑步習(xí)慣)”指出剛開始跑步的人會(huì)跑得太快，所以要慢慢進(jìn)入訓(xùn)練，不要跑太多太快，E項(xiàng)“專家建議每周增加跑步距離不超過(guò)10%”指出運(yùn)動(dòng)量要循序漸進(jìn)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?8題詳解】此處是本段小標(biāo)題，即新手跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤之一；根據(jù)下文“Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit’simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.(初學(xué)者可能認(rèn)為他們需要每天（或幾乎每天）跑步才能達(dá)到健身或減肥目標(biāo)，但這與事實(shí)相差甚遠(yuǎn)。跑步是一項(xiàng)高影響力的活動(dòng)，對(duì)您的身體來(lái)說(shuō)確實(shí)很困難。因此，在鍛煉之間讓身體休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者會(huì)犯（幾乎）每天都要運(yùn)動(dòng)的錯(cuò)誤，C項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有休息日”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Notwearingtherightequipment(沒(méi)有佩戴合適的裝備)”可知，本段主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤之一是沒(méi)有佩戴合適的裝備，下文G項(xiàng)“it’simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.(鍛煉時(shí)正確穿著很重要)”強(qiáng)調(diào)跑步時(shí)正確穿著很重要。其中“wearproperly”呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的“therightequipment”，雖然你可能確實(shí)不需要昂貴的設(shè)備來(lái)開始跑步，但是鍛煉時(shí)正確穿著很重要，故選G?！?0題詳解】下文“Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain(如果跑步時(shí)感到疼痛，則需要停下來(lái)治療疼痛)”指出跑步時(shí)如果感到疼痛，應(yīng)該停下來(lái)，這說(shuō)明有時(shí)候跑步會(huì)讓人感到疼痛，B項(xiàng)“跑步有時(shí)會(huì)感到不舒服”符合語(yǔ)境，引起下文，下文介紹了感到疼痛時(shí)該如何做。故選B。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié);滿分25分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。NatalieandCallie,both13yearsold,startedraisingmonarchbutterfliesforfunin2020.Butafterrealizingthemonarchswereanendangeredspeciestheir____21____soonturnedintoaseriousmission.Theylearnedthatthepopulationofmonarchbutterflieshad____22____sincetheearly1990s,duetohabitat____23____andwidespreaduseofchemicals,whichmadethemilkweeds(馬利筋草)thatthemonarchs____24____fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegarden____25____forthemonarchs.Thegardengreworganicmilkweedsthat____26____andkeptthebutterflies.Tohelp____27____thelocalstosustainthemonarchpopulation,theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary.Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown,butit____28____alot.Tocovertheexpense,theysetupastandattheFarmersMarkettoselltheirhealthymilkweedsforpeopleto____29____.Althoughthefund-raisingdayswere______30______,theyfinallysucceededinearningenoughmoneywiththeirhardworkandpeople’ssupport.TheteamhaswontheSilverAwardfortheir______31______oftakingcareofbutterflies,buttheyarenot______32______withtheirwork.“Ournextstepistocutdownontheuseof______33______toguaranteeasafeenvironmentforthemonarchs,”saidNatalie.Intheawardceremony,theirteacherBrian______34______,“Iamsoproudofthemfortheirconstant______35______.”21.A.habit B.career C.hobby D.motion22.A.doubled B.declined C.restricted D.restored23.A.destruction B.assessment C.conservation D.obstruction24.A.fedto B.owedto C.reliedon D.livedin25.A.frequently B.secretly C.specially D.manually26.A.protected B.attracted C.tolerated D.trapped27.A.educate B.employ C.drill D.justify28.A.spent B.cost C.criticized D.underwent29.A.reward B.dominate C.digest D.plant30.A.long B.pleasing C.worth D.chaos31.A.ecology B.implement C.project D.assignment32.A.submitted B.stressedout C.wornout D.finished33.A.emission B.chemicals C.fossilfuel D.funds34.A.quoted B.replied C.commented D.recommended35.A.efforts B.offers C.effect D.affect【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了兩個(gè)13歲的女孩娜塔莉和卡莉從養(yǎng)帝王蝶的愛好到致力于保護(hù)帝王蝶的故事，她們的項(xiàng)目最終獲獎(jiǎng)且受到好評(píng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但在意識(shí)到帝王蝶是瀕危物種后，她們的愛好很快變成了一項(xiàng)嚴(yán)肅的任務(wù)。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.career事業(yè)；C.hobby業(yè)余愛好；D.motion行動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文中的“NatalieandCallie,both13yearsold,startedraisingmonarchbutterfliesforfunin2020.”可知，娜塔莉和卡莉開始養(yǎng)帝王蝶是一種愛好，結(jié)合“Butafterrealizingthemonarchswereanendangeredspecies”可知，在她們了解到帝王蝶瀕?，F(xiàn)狀，她們的“愛好”很快就變成了一項(xiàng)嚴(yán)肅的保護(hù)任務(wù)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她們了解到，由于棲息地遭到破壞和化學(xué)品的廣泛使用，使得帝王蝶賴以為生的主要食物馬利筋草變得危險(xiǎn)，自20世紀(jì)90年代初以來(lái)，帝王蝶的數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降。A.doubled加倍；B.declined下降，減少；C.restricted限制；D.restored修復(fù)。根據(jù)下文中的“duetohabitat____3___

andwidespreaduseofchemicals,whichmadethemilkweeds( 馬利筋草 )thatthemonarchs____4___

fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.”可知，棲息地遭到破壞以及化學(xué)品的廣泛使用使得帝王蝶賴以為生的主要食物馬利筋草變得危險(xiǎn)，這使帝王蝶數(shù)量減少。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們了解到，由于棲息地遭到破壞和化學(xué)品的廣泛使用，使得帝王蝶賴以為生的主要食物馬利筋草變得危險(xiǎn)，自20世紀(jì)90年代初以來(lái)，帝王蝶的數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降。A.destruction破壞；B.assessment估計(jì)；C.conservation保護(hù)；D.obstruction障礙。根據(jù)下文中的“andwidespreaduseofchemicals”可知，此處應(yīng)講述的是對(duì)帝王蝶不利的因素，由此可推斷，此處指的是棲息地的“破壞”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：她們了解到，由于棲息地遭到破壞和化學(xué)品的廣泛使用，使得帝王蝶賴以為生的主要食物馬利筋草變得危險(xiǎn)，自20世紀(jì)90年代初以來(lái)，帝王蝶的數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降。A.fedto喂給；B.owedto歸因于；C.reliedon依賴，依靠；D.livedin居住。根據(jù)下文中的“fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.”可知，帝王蝶的主要食物變得危險(xiǎn)，由此可推斷，此處指的是帝王蝶“依賴”的主食是馬利筋草。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，女孩們與一個(gè)國(guó)家非營(yíng)利組織合作，專門為帝王蝶種植了一個(gè)本土花園。A.frequently頻繁地；B.secretly秘密地；C.specially特別地；D.manually手工地。根據(jù)下文的“Thegardengreworganicmilkweeds”可知，這個(gè)本土花園里種植的是帝王蝶的主要食物馬利筋草，由此可推斷，此處指的是“專門”為帝王蝶種植的本土花園。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：花園里種了有機(jī)馬利筋草，吸引并留住了蝴蝶。A.protected保護(hù)；B.attracted吸引；C.tolerated忍受；D.trapped圍困。根據(jù)上文中的“whichmadethemilkweeds(馬利筋草)thatthemonarchs____4____fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.”可知，帝王蝶的主要食物是馬利筋草，由此可知，本地花園里的有機(jī)馬利筋草會(huì)“吸引”并留住帝王蝶。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了幫助教育當(dāng)?shù)厝司S持帝王蝶的數(shù)量，她們?cè)诋?dāng)?shù)貓D書館舉辦了一個(gè)關(guān)于帝王蝶的展覽。A.educate教育；B.employ雇傭；C.drill操練；D.justify使公正。根據(jù)下文中的“theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary.”以及“Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown”可知，她們?cè)趫D書館舉行帝王蝶的展覽，并且還想在鎮(zhèn)上掛上有教育意義的標(biāo)牌，由此可知，她們舉辦關(guān)于帝王蝶展覽的目的是“教育”當(dāng)?shù)厝吮Ｗo(hù)帝王蝶。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她們還想在鎮(zhèn)上掛一個(gè)教育標(biāo)志，但花了很多錢。A.spent花費(fèi)，度過(guò)；B.cost花費(fèi)，需付費(fèi)；C.criticized批評(píng)；D.underwent經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文中的“Tocovertheexpense,theysetupastandattheFarmersMarkettoselltheirhealthymilkweedsforpeopleto____9____.”可知，為了支付掛教有教育意義的標(biāo)牌的費(fèi)用，她們?cè)O(shè)立了一個(gè)攤位來(lái)掙錢，由此可知，此處指的是“花費(fèi)”很大，spend的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是人，所以不能spend。故選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了支付費(fèi)用，她們?cè)谵r(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)設(shè)立了一個(gè)攤位，出售她們的健康馬利筋草供人們種植。A.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；B.dominate支配；C.digest消化；D.plant種植。根據(jù)常識(shí)和上文中的“theysetupastandattheFarmersMarkettoselltheirhealthymilkweedsforpeople”可知，她們擺攤是為了賣健康的馬利筋草供人們“種植”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然籌款的日子很長(zhǎng)，但在她們的努力和人們的支持下，她們終于成功地賺到了足夠的錢。A.long長(zhǎng)的；B.pleasing令人愉悅的；C.worth價(jià)值，值得的；D.chaos混亂。根據(jù)上文中的“theyfinallysucceededinearningenoughmoneywiththeirhardworkandpeople’ssupport.”可知，她們最終努力賺到了足夠的錢，由此可推斷，她們籌款的日子應(yīng)該是“漫長(zhǎng)的”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該團(tuán)隊(duì)因照顧蝴蝶的項(xiàng)目獲得了銀獎(jiǎng)，但她們的工作還沒(méi)有完成。A.ecology生態(tài)學(xué)；B.implement工具，器具；C.project工程，項(xiàng)目；D.assignment任務(wù)。根據(jù)上文中的“Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegarden____5____forthemonarchs.”可知，女孩們與一個(gè)國(guó)家非營(yíng)利組織合作，專門為帝王蝶建立了一個(gè)本地花園，由此可推斷，此處指的是該團(tuán)隊(duì)因照顧帝王蝶“項(xiàng)目”而獲獎(jiǎng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：該團(tuán)隊(duì)因照顧蝴蝶的項(xiàng)目獲得了銀獎(jiǎng)，但她們的工作還沒(méi)有完成。A.submitted提交；B.stressedout使心力交瘁；C.wornout使筋疲力盡；D.finished完成。根據(jù)下文中的“Ournextstepistocutdownontheuseof____13____toguaranteeasafeenvironmentforthemonarchs”可知，她們還有保護(hù)帝王蝶的下一步計(jì)劃，說(shuō)明她們保護(hù)帝王蝶的工作尚未“完成”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞及名詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：娜塔莉說(shuō)：“我們的下一步是減少化學(xué)物質(zhì)的使用，以保證君主的安全環(huán)境?！盇.emission釋放；B.chemicals化學(xué)物質(zhì)；C.fossilfuel化石燃料；D.funds基金。根據(jù)上文中的“Theylearnedthatthepopulationofmonarchbutterflieshad____2____sincetheearly1990s,duetohabitat____3____andwidespreaduseofchemicals”可知，由于濫用化學(xué)物質(zhì)導(dǎo)致帝王蝶數(shù)量減少，由此可推斷，此處指的是減少“化學(xué)物質(zhì)”的使用。故選B項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上，她們的老師Brian評(píng)論道：“我為她們的不懈努力感到驕傲。”A.quoted引用；B.replied回復(fù)；C.commented評(píng)論；D.recommended推薦。根據(jù)下文中的“Iamsoproudofthemfortheirconstant____15____.”可知，此處為Brian老師對(duì)她們保護(hù)帝王蝶而獲獎(jiǎng)這一事情的“評(píng)論”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上，她們的老師Brian評(píng)論道：“我為她們的不懈努力感到驕傲?！盇.efforts努力；B.offers提供；C.effect影響；D.affect影響。根據(jù)上文中的“Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegarden____5____forthemonarchs.”以及“Tohelp____7____thelocalstosustainthemonarchpopulation,theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary.Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown,butit____8____alot.”可知，女孩們?yōu)榱吮Ｗo(hù)帝王蝶不僅給帝王蝶種食物，做保護(hù)帝王蝶的宣傳活動(dòng)等，她們?cè)跒楸Ｗo(hù)帝王蝶做出很多努力，由此可推斷，此處指的是老師為她們不斷的“努力”感到驕傲。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Manyyearsago,adancebetweenclay(陶土)____36____firegaverisetoapieceofart:ceramic.Intheflamesburninginkilns(窯)aroundChinaintheXiaandShangdynasties,ceramic_____37_____(be)born.Ceramic____38____(make)byheatingrawmaterials,isoftenamixbetweenChinastoneandkaolinclay,inakilnatatemperatureashighas1,200degreesCelsius.Temperatureisthekeyto____39____(produce)ceramic.Ceramichasalsobeen____40_