第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023-2024學(xué)年北京市西城區(qū)高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題一、選詞填空-句子：本大題共1小題，共10分。1.

observe

harm

likely

independence

survivor

promise

normal(1)Theworkersarebuildingsheltersforthousandsofearthquake_____________.(2)____________,ittakesthreeorfouryearstocompletetheoperacourse.(3)Hewasvotedthemost_____________newactorforhisremarkableperformanceinthemovie.(4)Althoughhesometimesspeaksverydirectly,hisintentionsare_____________—hejustwantstohelpothers.(5)A(n)_____________organizationisonethatcontrolsitsownoperation.(6)Thetwosidesare_____________toreachanagreement,becauseneitherofthemiswillingtogivein.(7)The_____________oftheuniversemakesusrealizehowsmallandinsignificantweare.二、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共30分。AFourBestCityWalksintheUSWisdomTreeHikeinLosAngelesThisisprobablythemostpopularcitywalkinLA—ajourneytotheonlytreetosurvivethe2007Barhamfire.TheWisdomTreeisatthetopofBurbankPeak,whichgivesyougreatviewsalloverLosAngeles.Thewalk:HeadupWonderViewDrivefromLakeHollywoodDrive,andyouwillreachagateattheendofthepavedarea.Afteryoupassthrough,you’llgettoawide-openareaandthetrailtotheWisdomTreeistoyourright.SoHo/TriBeCaWalkingTourinNewYorkCityHeadingdowntoSoHoandTriBeCawillgiveyouthefeelingofbeinginanothercitywithinNYC．Thesmallsidestreetshideinterestingbuildingsanduniqueshops,aswellashistoricspots.Thewalk:HeadsouthfromtheBroadway-LafayetteStreetsubwaystation,andgetlostamongtheartgalleries,withafirstsweetstopattheMuseumofIceCream.Next,explorethePrinceStreetshops,thenheadeasttoGreeneStreet.Here,youcanfindsomeofthefinestexamplesofcast-ironarchitectureinthecity.TheBoardwalkTrailinAustinInAustin,you’llbecharmedbyart.TheBoardwalkTrailaimstobuilda7,250-footwalkwayfilledwithworksofartandfantasticviewsofthecity.Don’tmissthe36bronzebeltsdesignedbyartistKenLittle,withcountrymusicsonglyricswrittenoneach.Thewalk:YoucanaccesstheBoardwalkTrailfromseveralpoints.Thefulltrailis10mileslong,whereyoucanenjoythepeacefulwatersideviewsandtheskylineofAustinatsunset.ArtWalkinDenverDenverisagreatdestinationinitself,withlotsofculturalattractions,livemusicandexcellentrestaurants.Thecity’sArtDistrictonSantaFe(ADSF)hasadelightful2.7-milepaththatleadsyoutoartgalleriesandexcellentfoodanddrinkstops.Thewalk:FromthecharmingVictorianhousewhereyoucanadmiretheviolinsandguitarshandcraftedbyartists,makeyourwaynorthtotheSunkenGardens,thenthestreetsbusywithartgalleriesandshops.EveryfirstFridayofthemonth,theADSFputsonanorganizedArtWalkonSantaFeDrive.Artlovershaveanopportunitytoconnectandsharetheexperienceofimmersing(使沉浸)themselvesinDenver’sartscene.2.Whichcitywalkcanofferabird’seyeviewofacity?A.ArtWalkinDenver.

B.TheBoardwalkTrailinAustin.

C.WisdomTreeHikeinLosAngeles.

D.SoHo/TriBeCaWalkingTourinNewYorkCity.3.WhatdothecitywalksinAustinandDenverhaveincommon?A.Visitorscanenjoylivemusic.

B.Visitorscanappreciateartworks.

C.Visitorscanenjoypeacefulwatersideviews.

D.Visitorscanappreciatehand-mademusicalinstruments.4.Whereisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Atouristbrochure. B.Anartreview.

C.Anenvironmentaljournal. D.Ageographytextbook.BThefirsttimeTerryattendedameetingoftheTahquamenonSportsmen’sClub,theymadehimvicepresident—andhewasn’tevenamember.Byhissecondvisit,thefewmembersleftinthedyingorganizationhadputhiminchargeofthewholething.Theclubbeganinthe1920s.Backthen,huntingandfishingwerepastimesinruralareas.Theculture,however,isdifferentnow.WhenTerrytookoverthecentury-oldclub,itwasonitslastlegs.Onlyacoupledozenmembersremained,andmostwereolderthanitsnew68-year-oldpresident.Theywerenolongerdoingthethingsthey’dbeenknownfor.Worstofall,theirfamousfishingtacklepartyhadbeencanceledtwice,oncejustbecausetheysimplydidn’thaveenoughmemberstopullitoff.Hewantedtopushhardtokeeptheorganizationgoing,becauseitisoneofthethingsthatmakeuptheheartandsoulofNewberry.Hehadtolookfornewmembers.Heneededtobroadentheclub’sofferingstoattractyoungerpeople.Morethananythingelse,hehadtomakesurethetacklepartyforkidstookplaceonceagain.Littlebylittle,Terry’seffortsworked.Peoplebeganaskingaboutmemberships.Somesentcontributions.Othersofferedtheirtime.Alocalcompanydonatednewsidingfortheclubhouse.Someoneelsesaidtheywouldputanewroofonit.Someonecameandmowedthelawn(草坪)whenitgotlonginthesummer.Othersclearedthesnowinthewinter.Allovertown,peopleandbusinessespromisedtohelptheclubsurviveandsucceed.OnthedayoftheannualKidsTackleParty,hundredsofkidsandtheirfamiliesappeared.Terrystartedtheeventwithaspeech.Alocalfishingexpertgavetipsonhowtocatchfish.Then,oneatatime,eachofthe245kidswascalledbyname,andeveryoneofthemgotafishingpoleandatacklebox.Ittookmorethanthreehourstogetthrougheveryonewhoshowedup.Itwasabigevent,onethatcameclosetodying,butwasfinallyback.Terryfoughttokeeptheclubandpartyforkids,alongtimetraditionintheNewberrycommunity,going.Traditionsaredyingthesedays,buthewasabletogetpeopletoholdontothisone.5.WhenTerrytookovertheclub,________.A.hewastheyoungestmember

B.huntingwasapopularpastime

C.thecultureoftheclubremained

D.theclubwasstrugglingtosurvive6.Tokeeptheorganizationgoing,whatdidTerryputatthetopofhisto-dolist?A.Broadeningpeople’smindsinNewberry.

B.Searchingforhelpfromhisneighborhood.

C.Ensuringthereturnofthetacklepartyforkids.

D.Offeringappealingactivitiestoattractnewmembers.7.Whatdidthetownspeopledotohelptheclub?A.Theygrewgrass. B.Theyremovedthesnow.

C.Theydonatedfishingpoles. D.Theyfixedtheclubhouseroof.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Interestdoesnotlie.

B.Thediscoveryoftraditionmatters.

C.Sometimeshardworkdoesn’tpayoff.

D.Aheroshowsupduringchallengingtimes.CInthe1970s,agorilla(大猩猩)knownasKokobecameworld-famouswhenscientiststaughthertousehumansignlanguagetocommunicatewithpeople.Therewerenumerousattemptsinthemid-1900stoteachhumanlanguagetononhumans,suchasKoko.Butwhatweshouldhavebeenthinkingaboutwastheirabilitiestoengageincomplexcommunicationontheirowntermsinsteadoftryingtoteachananimaltotalktousinhumanlanguage.Todayscientistsaretryingtofigureouthowlivingthingsalreadyshareinformationusingtheirparticularmethods.Thisnewfieldofstudyisknownasdigitalbioacoustics,anditinvolvesusingtoolstounderstandtheproductionofsoundsandtheireffectsonlivingthings.Scientistsinthisfieldareusingsensors,whicharedevicesthatpickupandrecordinformationonphysicalorchemicalconditions.Somearealsousingartificialintelligence(AI)technology,anapproachthatusesalgorithms(算法).ThesamealgorithmsthatweuseintoolssuchasGoogleTranslatetotranslatedocumentscanalsobeusedtofindpatternsinnonhumancommunication.JeremyofTelAvivUniversitystudiednearlytwodozenEgyptianfruitbatsfortwoandahalfmonthsandrecordedtheirvocalizations.Histeamadaptedavoice-recognitionprogramtostudy15,000ofthesounds.Thealgorithmmatchedspecificsoundswithspecificthingsthebatsweredoing.Usingthisprogram,theresearcherswereabletoclassifymostofthebats’sounds.Jeremyandotherresearchershavefoundthatbatshaveamuchmorecomplexlanguagethanwepreviouslyunderstood.Batsargueoverfood;theydistinguish(區(qū)分)betweengenderswhentheycommunicatewithoneanotherandtheyhaveindividualnames,or“signaturecalls”.That’sagreatexampleofhowAIisabletofindthesepatternsfrominformationgatheredbysensorsandmicrophones.AIrevealsthingsthatwecan’thearwithourhumanearsalonebecausemostbatcommunicationhappensaboveourhearingrange,andbecausebatsspeakmuchfasterthanwedo,wehavetoslowitdowntolistentoit.Sowecannotlistenlikeabat,butourcomputerscan.Andourcomputerscanalsospeakbacktothebatbyproducingspecificpatterns.Digitalbioacousticsislikeanamazinghearingaid.Itletsuslistentoanimalswithbothourdigitallyenhanced(增強(qiáng)的)earsandourimagination.Thisisslowlyopeningourmindsnotonlytothewonderfulsoundsthatnonhumansmake,buttoafundamentalsetofquestionsabouttheso-calleddividebetweenhumansandnonhumans,aswellasourconnectiontootherspecies.It’salsoopeningupnewwaystothinkaboutprotectinglivingthingsandourrelationshipwiththeplanet.It’sprettymeaningful.9.Regardingscientists’effortstoteachanimalshumanlanguage,theauthorfeels________.A.negative B.unconcerned C.uncertain D.supportive10.Scientistsindigitalbioacousticsaretryingtostudy________.A.howanimalsusedifferenttoolstoshareinformation

B.howanimalsareaffectedbytheproductionofsounds

C.howanimalsaretaughttotalkinhumansignlanguage

D.howanimalscommunicatewithoneanotherusingsounds11.WhatcanwelearnaboutAIappliedindigitalbioacoustics?A.Itpairscertainanimals’soundswiththeirbehaviors.

B.Itslowsdownanimals’soundswithinhumans’hearingrange.

C.Itadaptsvoice-recognitionprogramstoanalyzeanimals’sounds.

D.Ittranslatesspecificnonhumansoundpatternsintohumanlanguage.12.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat________.A.animalscanbeclassifiedaccordingtotheirsoundpatterns

B.scientistsneedtokeepstudyinghowanimalsproducesounds

C.digitalbioacousticsmayinspirehumanstorethinktheirrelationshipwithanimals

D.thefocusofdigitalbioacousticsshouldbethedividebetweenhumansandnonhumansDMostofusdon’thaveanymemoriesfromthefirstthreetofouryearsofourlives.Andwhenwedotrytothinkbacktoourearliestmemories,it’softenunclearwhethertheyaretherealthingorjustrecollectionsbasedonphotosorstoriestoldtousbyothers.Thephenomenon(現(xiàn)象),knownas“childhoodamnesia”,hasbeenpuzzlingpsychologistsformorethanacentury—andwestilldon’tfullyunderstandit.Atfirstglance,itmayseemthatthereasonwedon’trememberbeingbabiesisthatbabiesdon’thaveafullydevelopedmemory.Butbabiesasyoungassixmonthscanformbothshort-termmemoriesthatlastforminutesandlong-termmemoriesthatlastweeks.Inonestudy,six-month-oldswholearnedhowtopressabuttontooperateatoytrainrememberedhowtoperformthisactionfortwotothreeweeksaftertheyhadlastseenthetoy.Preschoolerscanremembereventsthatgoyearsback.Ofcourse,memorycapabilitiesattheseagesarenotadult-like.Infact,developmentalchangesinbasicmemoryprocesseshavebeenputforwardasanexplanationforchildhoodamnesia.Thesebasicprocessesinvolveseveralbrainregionsandincludeforming,maintainingandthenlaterretrieving(檢索)thememory.Forexample,thehippocampus,thoughttoberesponsibleforformingmemories,continuesdevelopinguntiltheageofseven.Thetypicalboundaryfortheoffsetofchildhoodamnesia—threeandahalfyears—changeswithage.Childrenandteenagershaveearliermemoriesthanadultsdo.Thissuggeststhattheproblemmaybelesswithformingmemoriesthanwithmaintainingthem.Butthisdoesnotseemtobethewholestory;languagealsoplaysarole.Fromtheagesofonetosix,childrenprogressfromtheone-wordstageofspeakingtobecomingfluentintheirnativelanguage(s),sotherearemajorchangesintheirverbal(言語的)abilitythatoverlapwiththechildhoodamnesiaperiod.Thisincludesusingthepasttense,andmemory-relatedwordssuchas“remember”and“forget”.It’struetosomeextentthatachild’sabilitytoverbalizeaboutaneventatthetimethatithappenedpredictshowwelltheyrememberitmonthsoryearslater.Onelabgroupconductedthisworkbyinterviewingyoungchildrenbroughttoaccidentandemergencydepartmentsforcommonchildhoodinjuries.Thoseover26months,whocouldverbalizeabouttheeventatthetime,recalled(回憶起)ituptofiveyearslater,whilethoseunder26months,whocouldnottalkaboutit,recalledlittleornothing.Evenifwecan’tclearlyrememberspecificeventsfromwhenwewereveryyoung,theiraccumulation,however,leaveslastingtracksthatinfluenceourbehavior.Thefirstfewyearsoflifeareforgettableandyetpowerfulinshapingtheadultsthatwebecome.13.Accordingtothepassage,childhoodamnesiarefersto________.A.inabilitytorecallearlychildhoodexperiences

B.difficultychildrenhaveformingmemories

C.concernaboutthetruthofearlymemories

D.lossofmemoryabilitiesinthechildhood14.Whatdothewords“overlapwith”underlinedinParagraph4probablymean?A.Havealotincommonwith. B.Happenatthesametimeas.

C.Playanimportantrolein. D.Arecloselyrelatedto.15.WhatmaytheresultsoftheinterviewmentionedinParagraph5suggest?A.Childrenstarttoformlong-termmemoriesat26months.

B.Children’sabilitytorecallspecificeventsincreaseswithage.

C.Preverbalmemoriesmaybelostiftheyarenottranslatedintolanguage.

D.Injuriesprobablyinfluencehowwellchildrenverbalizeaboutevents.16.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Childhoodamnesia:Howmemoryworksinkids

B.Thebrainandmemory:Howmemoriesareformed

C.Verbalability:Whyitmattersinthememoryprocess

D.Theforgottenchildhood:Whyearlymemoriesdisappear三、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共22.5分。It’sagiftmorethan50yearsinthemaking.In1972,BarbaraRieco

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aheartfeltchildren’sbook.Itwasbasedonatruestory—alittleboyshehadmetwhileshewasateenagerlivinginAppalachiabriefly.ItwasBarbara’sfirstencounterwithpoverty(貧困).Shecamefromamiddle-classfamily.Shegottoseeanothersideoflifethatshe’dheardof,butneverseen.It

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herandhadalastinginfluenceonherlife.

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herbestefforts,themanuscript(手稿)facedrepeatedrefusalfrompublishers,leadinghertoeventually

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herdreamsofbecomingapublishedauthor.Littledidsheknowthat,manyyearslater,hergrandsonwouldturnthosedreamsintoreality.ChadCooper,adesignandproductionprofessionalbasedinNewYorkCity,decidedtogivehisgrandmothertheperfectChristmasgift—the

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ofhertreasuredbook.Visitingherfortheholidays,he

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tookheroriginalmanuscript,alongwiththeillustrationsshehadanartistdrawyearsago,andturnedthemintoabeautifullyprintedbook.OnChristmasmorning,asBarbara

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thecarefullywrappedgift,shewasovercomewithemotion.Themoment,

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byChad,quicklybecamepopularwithviewers,andthevideowentviralonline.“Thisisprobablythenicestthinganyone’severdoneformeinmyentirelife,”Barbarasaysinthevideo.Chad’s

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actdidn’tjustendwiththesurprise.Healsoincludeda(n)

26

tothebookonAmazon,makingitaccessibletothepublic.The

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wasnothingshortofamiracle(奇跡)—withindays,Barbara’s

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bookskyrocketedtothetopofthebestsellerlist.Astheworld

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thisunexpectedChristmasmiracle,BarbaraRieco’sbook,now

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byanewgenerationofreaders,continuestospreadjoyandinspiration,provingthatsometimesthemostextraordinary

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aretheonesweneverknewweneeded.17.A.edited B.adapted C.penned D.translated18.A.worried B.touched C.supported D.challenged19.A.Despite B.Through C.Without D.For20.A.takeon B.liveupto C.holdonto D.setaside21.A.promotion B.revision C.publication D.recommendation22.A.curiously B.secretly C.calmly D.shyly23.A.bought B.held C.opened D.showed24.A.photographed B.filmed C.written D.described25.A.respectful B.faithful C.thankful D.thoughtful26.A.link B.introduction C.approach D.guide27.A.comment B.impression C.response D.prediction28.A.once-forgotten B.badly-needed C.well-known D.fully-prepared29.A.accepts B.presents C.ignores D.celebrates30.A.sold B.donated C.rated D.loved31.A.videos B.gifts C.belongings D.materials四、單句語法填空：本大題共10小題，共10分。32.Ilikebigparties_____________youcandance,havefunandmeetnewpeople.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)33.Doyouknowthereason_____________fruitandvegetablesareoftenplacedatasupermarketentrance?(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)34.Thetrees_____________(blow)downinlastnight’sstormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)35.Itisagreed_____________backgroundknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinreading.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)36.Producingapaperbag_____________(use)fourtimesasmuchenergyasproducingaplasticone.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)37.____________they’llflytoInnerMongoliahasn’tbeendecided.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)38.Someonlinecoursesarefreeandopentoanyone,_____________(give)learnersanywherethechancetostudyatanytime.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)39.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby__________shewasrescued.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）40.Iwashavingdinnerwhenthephonerang,soIstopped_____________(answer)it.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)41.Thosewholiketeaching_____________theyhaveacquiredshowbetterunderstandingandabilitytorememberknowledge.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)五、句子翻譯：本大題共5小題，共10分。42.我們要提高人們的環(huán)保意識(shí)。（raiseawareness）（漢譯英）______________________________________________________________________________________________43.你不應(yīng)該試圖自己解決這個(gè)難題。（attemptto）（漢譯英）_______________________________________________________________________________________________44.由于你們的幫助，我們提前完成了任務(wù)。（thanksto）（漢譯英）______________________________________________________________________________________________45.如果你需要更多的信息，請(qǐng)不要猶豫與我聯(lián)系。（nothesitatetodo）（漢譯英）______________________________________________________________________________________________46.通過反思考試中的錯(cuò)誤，Mike在英語方面取得了很大的進(jìn)步。（reflecton）（漢譯英）______________________________________________________________________________________________六、閱讀表達(dá)：本大題共1小題，共10分。47.Isitatree?Isitabear?Ifyou’relookingatatreeintheshapeofabear,it’satopiary.Atopiaryisatreeorbushthatistrainedintoashape.Topiariesareakindofsculpture.Growingtopiarygardentakesbothtimeandskill.Thefirstthingatopiarygardenerdoesismakeadrawing.Thedrawingshowstheformthegardenerwouldlikeatreeorbushtotake.Thegardenerthenchoosesthebushforthetopiary.Itmaybeonethathasjustbeenplantedoronethatisalreadyinplace.Specialbushesareusedfortopiaries.Thesebushesareyew,privet,orboxwood.InJuneoftheplant’sfirstyear,thegardenerlooksfornewleaves.Whentheleavesgrow,itistimetoshapethebottomofthebush.Thegardenershapesthebottomofthebushforaboutfiveyears.Thetopisnottrimmedduringthistime.Inthefifthyear,thebushgrowstallenoughforshaping.That’swhenthegardenerbeginstoshapethewholebush.Sometimesbranchesarebent(使彎曲)toformashape.Thegardenertiesthebranchesinplace.Onceatopiaryhasbeenstarted,itneedscareallyear.Insummeritmustbeclippedmanytimestokeepitsshape.Thiscuttingalsohelpsthebushgrow.Inwinterthebushesdon’tgrow.Thegardenershavetobrushsnowofftheplants.Snowcanhurttheflatpartsoftheplants.Topiarygardeningisaveryoldart.TheRomansdiditinthefirstcentury.Inthesixteenthcentury,peopleinEuropelikedtopiariestoo.TheDutchandFrenchgrewveryprettytopiariesintheirneatgardens.Inthelate1600s,topiarieswerealsogrowninAmerica.Today,thereisatopiarygardeninWilliamsburg,Virginia.It’smuchlikeagardenthatgrewtherehundredsofyearsago.(1)Whatisatopiary?(不多于13個(gè)單詞)______________________________________________________________________________________________(2)Whendoesthegardenerbegintoshapethewholebush?(不多于4個(gè)單詞)_______________________________________________________________________________________________(3)Whatcaredoesatopiaryneedinsummer?(不多于12個(gè)單詞)______________________________________________________________________________________________(4)Whatdoyouthinkoftopiarygardening?Pleaseexplainwhy.(單詞數(shù)不限)______________________________________________________________________________________________七、書面表達(dá)：本大題共1小題，共25分。48.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。近期，你所在的傳統(tǒng)文化俱樂部將舉辦一次“ChineseTeaDay”主題活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)給你校交換生Jim寫一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參加。內(nèi)容包括：1.邀請(qǐng)理由；2.活動(dòng)安排。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于60；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】survivors【小題2】Normally【小題3】promising【小題4】harmless【小題5】independent

【小題6】unlikely

【小題7】observation【解析】1.

考查名詞。句意：工人們正在為成千上萬的地震幸存者建造避難所。根據(jù)空格前“建造避難所”可知，此處指的是地震幸存者，survivor意為“幸存者”；空格前有“thousandsof”所以要用復(fù)數(shù)。故填survivors。

2.

考查副詞。句意：通常，完成歌劇課程需要三到四年的時(shí)間?？崭裉幬挥诰渥拥拈_頭，修飾后面的句子，所以需要填入副詞；空格后“完成歌劇課程需要三到四年的時(shí)間”為一個(gè)通常的情況；normally為normal的副詞，意為“通?！?。故填Normally。

3.

考查形容詞。句意：由于他在電影中的出色表現(xiàn)，他被選為最有前途的新演員?？崭裉幬挥诿~之前，修飾名詞，因此需要填入形容詞；根據(jù)空格后“他在電影中的出色表現(xiàn)”可知，此處說明他是有前途的演員；promising意為“有前途的”，為promise的形容詞。故填promising。

4.

考查形容詞。句意：雖然他有時(shí)說話很直接，但他的意圖是無害的——他只是想幫助別人。空格處位于be動(dòng)詞之后，因此需要填入形容詞；根據(jù)空格后“他只是想幫助別人”可知，他的意圖是好的，沒有壞處的；harmless意為“無害的”為harm的形容詞。故填harmless。

5.

考查形容詞。句意：獨(dú)立組織是指控制自身運(yùn)作的組織?？崭裉幬挥诿~之前，修飾名詞，所以需要填入形容詞；根據(jù)空格后的“控制自身運(yùn)作的組織”可知，此處指的是獨(dú)立的組織；independent意為“獨(dú)立的”，為independence的形容詞。故填independent。

6.

考查副詞。句意：雙方不太可能達(dá)成協(xié)議，因?yàn)殡p方都不愿讓步。空格處位于動(dòng)詞之前，修飾動(dòng)詞，因此需要填入副詞；根據(jù)后文“因?yàn)殡p方都不愿讓步”，可知，此處指的是不可能達(dá)成協(xié)議。unlikely意為“不可能地”，為likely的反義詞。故填unlikely。

7.

考查名詞。句意：對(duì)宇宙的觀察讓我們意識(shí)到我們是多么的渺小和微不足道。空格處為句子的主語且位于冠詞之后，所以需要填入名詞；根據(jù)空格后“讓我們意識(shí)到我們是多么的渺小和微不足道”以及“宇宙”可知，此處指的是“對(duì)宇宙的觀察”。observation意為“觀察”，為observe的名詞，此處特指對(duì)宇宙的觀察。故填observation。2~4.【答案】C、B、A【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要講的是美國最好的四個(gè)城市步道。

1.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章WisdomTreeHikeinLosAngeles部分“TheWisdomTreeisatthetopofBurbankPeak,whichgivesyougreatviewsalloverLosAngeles.(WisdomTree位于伯班克山頂，在那里你可以看到整個(gè)洛杉磯的美景。)”可知，洛杉磯的WisdomTreeHike可以看到一個(gè)城市的全景。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheBoardwalkTrailinAustin部分的“InAustin,you’llbecharmedbyart.(在奧斯汀，你會(huì)被藝術(shù)所吸引。)”以及ArtWalkinDenver部分的“Denverisagreatdestinationinitself,withlotsofculturalattractions,livemusicandexcellentrestaurants.Thecity’sArtDistrictonSantaFe(ADSF)hasadelightful2.7-milepaththatleadsyoutoartgalleriesandexcellentfoodanddrinkstops.(丹佛本身就是一個(gè)偉大的目的地，有許多文化景點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂和一流的餐館。這座城市的圣達(dá)菲藝術(shù)區(qū)(ADSF)有一條令人愉快的2.7英里小路，可以通往藝術(shù)畫廊和美味的美食和飲料站。)”可知，AustinandDenver的共同之處在于在這兩個(gè)地方的游客可以欣賞藝術(shù)作品。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“FourBestCityWalksintheUS(美國最好的四個(gè)城市步道)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知文章主要介紹了美國最好的四個(gè)城市步道，所以最有可能出自旅游手冊(cè)。故選A項(xiàng)。5~8.【答案】D、C、B、D【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講的是Terry接管了一個(gè)瀕臨滅亡的俱樂部，經(jīng)過努力讓它重新恢復(fù)生機(jī)的故事。

1.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Byhissecondvisit,thefewmembersleftinthedyingorganizationhadputhiminchargeofthewholething.(到他第二次去的時(shí)候，這個(gè)垂死的組織里剩下的幾個(gè)成員已經(jīng)讓他掌管了整個(gè)組織。)”以及文章第二段“WhenTerrytookoverthecentury-oldclub,itwasonitslastlegs.(Terry接手這家百年俱樂部時(shí)，它已奄奄一息。)”可知，當(dāng)Terry接管俱樂部時(shí)，俱樂部正在為生存而掙扎。故選D項(xiàng)。

2.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Morethananythingelse,hehadtomakesurethetacklepartyforkidstookplaceonceagain.(最重要的是，他必須確保孩子們的釣魚派對(duì)再次舉行。)”可知，為了保證俱樂部的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，Terry把確保孩子們的釣魚派對(duì)的回歸放在了他待辦事項(xiàng)清單的首位。故選C項(xiàng)。

3.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Someonecameandmowedthelawn(草坪)whenitgotlonginthesummer.Othersclearedthesnowinthewinter.(當(dāng)草在夏天變長(zhǎng)時(shí)有人來修剪草坪，其他人則在冬天清理積雪。)”可知，為了幫助俱樂部，鎮(zhèn)上的人幫助俱樂部清除積雪。故選B項(xiàng)。

4.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Terryfoughttokeeptheclubandpartyforkids,alongtimetraditionintheNewberrycommunity,going.Traditionsaredyingthesedays,buthewasabletogetpeopletoholdontothisone.(Terry努力讓俱樂部和孩子們的聚會(huì)繼續(xù)下去，這是紐伯里社區(qū)的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期傳統(tǒng)。如今，傳統(tǒng)正在消亡，但他能讓人們堅(jiān)持下去。)”以及文章其他段落的內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講的是Terry拯救了瀕臨滅亡的釣魚派對(duì)，所以從故事中我們可以得出，英雄總是出現(xiàn)在挑戰(zhàn)性的時(shí)期。故選D項(xiàng)。9~12.【答案】A、D、A、C【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講的是科學(xué)家們正試圖弄清楚生物是如何用它們獨(dú)特的方法共享信息的。這個(gè)新的研究領(lǐng)域被稱為數(shù)字生物聲學(xué)，它不僅讓我們聽到了非人類發(fā)出的美妙聲音，而且讓我們看到了一系列關(guān)于所謂的人類和非人類之間的鴻溝的基本問題，以及我們與其他物種的聯(lián)系。

1.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butwhatweshouldhavebeenthinkingaboutwastheirabilitiestoengageincomplexcommunicationontheirowntermsinsteadoftryingtoteachananimaltotalktousinhumanlanguage.(但我們應(yīng)該考慮的是它們用自己的方式進(jìn)行復(fù)雜交流的能力，而不是試圖教會(huì)動(dòng)物用人類的語言與我們交談。)”可知作者認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該考慮讓動(dòng)物用它們自己的方式進(jìn)行復(fù)雜交流，而不是試圖教會(huì)動(dòng)物用人類的語言與我們交談，所以作者對(duì)于科學(xué)家教動(dòng)物人類語言的努力的態(tài)度是消極的。故選A項(xiàng)。

2.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Todayscientistsaretryingtofigureouthowlivingthingsalreadyshareinformationusingtheirparticularmethods..(今天，科學(xué)家們正試圖弄清楚生物是如何用它們獨(dú)特的方法共享信息的。)”可知數(shù)字生物聲學(xué)的科學(xué)家們正試圖研究動(dòng)物是如何利用它們獨(dú)特的方法即聲音相互交流的。故選D項(xiàng)。

3.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thealgorithmmatchedspecificsoundswithspecificthingsthebatsweredoing.Usingthisprogram,theresearcherswereabletoclassifymostofthebats’sounds.(該算法將特定的聲音與蝙蝠正在做的特定事情相匹配。利用這個(gè)程序，研究人員能夠?qū)Υ蠖鄶?shù)蝙蝠的聲音進(jìn)行分類。)”可知應(yīng)用于數(shù)字生物聲學(xué)的人工智能將某些動(dòng)物的聲音與它們的行為配對(duì)。故選A項(xiàng)。

4.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“It’salsoopeningupnewwaystothinkaboutprotectinglivingthingsandourrelationshipwiththeplanet.It’sprettymeaningful.(它也開辟了新的方式來思考保護(hù)生物和我們與地球的關(guān)系。這很有意義。)”可知作者認(rèn)為數(shù)字生物聲學(xué)可能會(huì)激發(fā)人類重新思考他們與動(dòng)物的關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。13~16.【答案】A、B、C、D【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“童年失憶癥”這一現(xiàn)象，分析了背后的原因以及相關(guān)研究。

1.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Mostofusdon’thaveanymemoriesfromthefirstthreetofouryearsofourlives.Andwhenwedotrytothinkbacktoourearliestmemories,it’softenunclearwhethertheyaretherealthingorjustrecollectionsbasedonphotosorstoriestoldtousbyothers.Thephenomenon(現(xiàn)象),knownas“childhoodamnesia”,hasbeenpuzzlingpsychologistsformorethanacentury—andwestilldon’tfullyunderstandit.(我們大多數(shù)人對(duì)生命的前三到四歲沒有任何記憶。當(dāng)我們?cè)噲D回想起我們最早的記憶時(shí)，往往不清楚它們是真實(shí)的，還是僅僅是基于照片或別人告訴我們的故事的回憶。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“童年失憶癥”，一個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來一直困擾著心理學(xué)家，我們?nèi)匀粵]有完全理解它)”可知，童年健忘癥是指無法回憶起童年早期的經(jīng)歷。故選A。

2.

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Mostofusdon’thaveanymemoriesfromthefirstthreetofouryearsofourlives.(我們大多數(shù)人對(duì)生命的前三到四歲沒有任何記憶)”以及劃線詞上文“Fromtheagesofonetosix,childrenprogressfromtheone-wordstageofspeakingtobecomingfluentintheirnativelanguage(s),sotherearemajorchangesintheirverbal(言語的)abilitythat”可知，大多數(shù)人對(duì)生命的前三到四歲沒有任何記憶，這時(shí)因?yàn)閺?歲到6歲，孩子們從一個(gè)單詞的說話階段發(fā)展到流利地說母語，所以他們的語言能力發(fā)生了重大變化，與兒童失憶癥時(shí)期同時(shí)發(fā)生。故劃線詞意思是“與……同時(shí)發(fā)生”。故選B。

3.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thoseover26months,whocouldverbalizeabouttheeventatthetime,recalled(回憶起)i