2024天津中考英語(yǔ)二輪重難題型研究復(fù)習(xí)文化類(lèi)專題特訓(xùn)編者按：2019年11月20日教育部發(fā)布的《教育部關(guān)于加強(qiáng)初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試命題工作的意見(jiàn)》中提出考試命題“弘揚(yáng)中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化、革命傳統(tǒng)、社會(huì)主義先進(jìn)文化”；并于2023年1月8日教育部印發(fā)關(guān)于在課程教材、教育教學(xué)等育人環(huán)節(jié)認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)《革命傳統(tǒng)進(jìn)中小學(xué)課程教材指南》、《中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化進(jìn)中小學(xué)課程教材指南》的通知。因此整理分析并預(yù)測(cè)2022年天津中考可能考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，特別策劃“文化類(lèi)專題特訓(xùn)”。希望對(duì)考生備考有幫助。類(lèi)別1中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化一、閱讀理解Asamiddleschoolstudent,Ihavelotsofhobbies.AndmyfavouriteoneislearningChinesepoemsthroughwatchingChinesePoetryConference(《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》)producedbyCCTV-1.Inthisprogram,PengMin,thewinnerofthefifthseason,impressed(留下深刻印象)memost.Thecompetitorsaredifferentinages,fromchildrentoadults.PengMin,whograduatedfromPekingUniversitywithamaster'sdegreeinliterature(文學(xué)),ismostlikelytobethewinner.But,surprisingly,helosttwofinalsinthesecondseason;helosttoa16-year-oldhighschoolstudent,WuYishu;andinthethirdseasonhewasbeatenbythedeliveryman(快遞員)LeiHaiwei.Buthewouldn'tgiveup.Sowhenthefifthseasoncamearound,hedecidedtohaveanothertry.Thistime,hisperformance(表現(xiàn))wassuperamazing,especiallyinthepartcalled“Feihualing”，andthevictorywasfinallyhis.BesidesPengMin,severalothercompetitorsalsowonmyrespect,forexample,WuYishu,thewidely-readhighschoolgirl,andWuYou,thefirstblindcompetitoryetoptimistic(樂(lè)觀的)andhard-workinginfaceofdifficulties.Iadmire(羨慕)themnotonlyfortheirknowledgeofpoemsbutalsofortheircourageandstrongwilltoachievetheirdreams.JustlikewhatthehostsaidtocongratulatePengMin,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway”.Withlong-termpreparationandpersistence(堅(jiān)持),successispossible.“Iwanttotellpeoplewhohaveasimilarexperiencelikethat,eventhoughyougothroughallkindsofdifficulties,aslongasyouarebraveenoughtolookup,therewillalwaysbealightintheskytoguideyououtofthedarkness，”P(pán)engsaidinhisspeech.1.Thewriter'sfavouritehobbyis________．A.readingnovels B.painting C.learningChinesepoems D.listeningtomusic2.PengMintookpartin________seasonsofChinesePoetryConference.A.two B.three C.four D.five3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.PengMingaveupafterhefailedtwice. B.PengMinisgoodatFeihualing. C.Onlyadultscantakepartinthecompetition. D.WuYouissadbecausesheisblind.4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toencourageustoavoiddifficulties. B.TomakepeopleinterestedinChinesepoetry. C.Totellustogiveupourdreamsintime. D.Totellusthatgoingtoafamousuniversityisthemostimportant.5.Youwouldfindthepassagein________．A.anovel B.aplayC.aguidebook D.amagazine類(lèi)別2革命傳統(tǒng)二、任務(wù)型閱讀ZhangGuimei,64,founderandpresidentoftheHuapingHighSchoolforGirlsinLijiang,SouthwestChina'sYunnanProvince.ZhangtravelledtoYunnanattheageof17.Andshehasbeenhelpinggirlsfrompoorareasreceiveeducationforover40years.About20yearsago,whileonthewaytovisitastudent'shouse,ZhangGuimei,arural(鄉(xiāng)下)teacher,noticedagirlsittingonthehillside(山坡).Thegirl,13,toldZhangshewasabouttogetmarriedforlack(缺少)ofmoney,whostillwantedtogotoschool.Zhangtriedherbesttoaskherparentsnottodothat,butshefailed.Zhangfirstrealisedthatafreehighschoolforgirlsneededtobebuilt.Itwouldaimtohelpwomenescapefromgettingmarriedearlyandspendingtheirwholelifeintheruralmountains.Comingacrossmanydifficultiesandsufferingfromlessmoney,in2008,HuapingHighSchoolforGirls,afreepublichighschool,wasfounded,whereZhangistheheadteacher.Overthetenyears,morethan1，800graduateswenttouniversity.Anditisregardedasa“miracle”(奇跡)intheruralareaasmoststudentsdidn'tperformwellinstudybeforetheschoolwassetup.Zhang'shusbanddiedinthe1990s.Shedidn'thavechildrenorahouse.Overtheseyears,shesufferedfrommanykindsofdiseases,suchasrheumatoidarthritis(類(lèi)風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎)andosteoporosis(骨質(zhì)疏松癥)．Duringthelast12years,shewonmanyprizes.Butshegaveawayallhermoneytosupporteducationandhelppoorpeople.OnTuesdaymorninginJuly,2023,XiJinping,generalsecretaryoftheCPC,presentedtheJuly1Medaltotheexcellentpersons,includingZhangGuimei.1.ZhangGuimeihasbeen________________forover40years.2.The13-year-oldgirlwasaboutto________________forlackofmoney.3.Zhangfirstrealisedthat________________forgirlsneededtobebuilt.4.Overthetenyears,morethan1，800graduates________________.5.Zhangwonmanyprizes,butshe________________tosupporteducationandhelppoorpeople.類(lèi)別3社會(huì)主義先進(jìn)文化三、完形填空Sincethestartofreformandopening-up(改革開(kāi)放),Shenzhenhasgrownfromasmallfishingvillagetoamoderncity.ItsGDP(國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值)__1__fromlessthan200millionyuanin1980to2.4trillion(萬(wàn)億)yuanin2018.Shenzhenisa__2__citywithapopulationof1.2million.It'sknown__3__itsstronginnovation(創(chuàng)新)abilities.It'shometomorethan14，000__4__high-techcompanies,suchasHua-WeiandTencent.ProfessorWangsaidthatShenzhenhadmanygood__5__.Ithasgotmuchvaluable__6__forChina'sreformandopening-up.Andduringthe__7__construction(建設(shè)),ithasmadeagreatsuccess.ThankstotheParty,it__8__animportantroleinthereformandopening-up.Greatchangeshave__9__inChinainrecentyears.Wehope__10__alltheChinesepeoplewillliveahappierandricherlifeinthenearfuture.1.A.remained B.influenced C.included D.increased2.A.eastern B.western C.southern D.northern3.A.up B.for C.at D.on4.A.traditional B.natural C.national D.interesting5.A.examples B.ways C.exercises D.reasons6.A.experience B.challenge C.education D.promise7.A.wide B.high C.special D.modern8.A.gets B.takes C.makes D.plays9.A.grown B.lost C.happened D.disappeared10.A.that B.where C.if D.when四、閱讀理解ChinahasnameditsfirstMarsrover(火星車(chē))“ZhuRong”onApril24th,2023.Comparedwithanothername—Hongyi,whichmeansanopenmind,ZhuRongismorepreferred.Itreceivednearly20percentmoreofthe3millionvotes(選票)thanHongyiinanonlinesurvey.ZhuRongisthegodoffireandwarinChineselegend(傳說(shuō)).Asapowerfulcharacter,ithadthefaceofaman,bodyofawildanimal,andoftenrodeontwodragons.SeenastheearliestgodoffireintraditionalChineseculture,itisasymbolofusingfiretolightuptheearthandbringlight.Thisnamejoinsmodernscienceandtraditionalculturetogether,showingtheChinesenation'sspiritofexploration(探索)andconfidenceinitscultureandencouragingpeopletokeepexploringtheuniverse.AfterleavingEarthlastsummer,ZhuRongisstillgoingaroundMars.ItlandedontheredplanetonMay22nd.ItbecamethesixthsuchmachineafterfiveAmericanroverswhichhavealreadylanded.Theroveris1.85metershighandweighsabout240kilogramswithsixscientificinstruments,whichwillallowittogetinformation,suchastheplanet'sground,thegeological(地質(zhì)的)structure,climateandenvironment.ZhuRongisapartoftheTianwen-1,China'sfirstindependentMarstask.TianwenisaworkbyQuYuan,afamouspoetfromtheChuKingdomwholivedduringtheWarringStatesPeriod.NamingthetaskafterthepoemistoshowChina'sdeterminationtoexploredeepspaceandalsotodevelopaloveofscienceinthenation'syoungpeople.SinceOctober1960,Tianwen-1hasbecometheworld's46thMarsexplorationtask.Only19ofthosetaskshavebeensuccessful.ThegoalsofTianwen-1aregoingaroundtheplanettomakecomprehensiveobservations(全面觀察),landingontheplanetandplacingarovertodotests.Ifitcanachieveallthreegoals,itwillbeanothersuccessinspaceforourcountry.1.ZhuRongisthegodof________inChineselegend.A.fireandwar B.menandwomenC.wildanimals D.dragons2.WhywasthefirstMarsrovernamed“ZhuRong”？A.Itlightsuptheearthandbringslight. B.Itmeansanopenmind. C.Itshowsourspiritofexplorationandconfidenceinculture. D.Itisapowerfulcharacterthatrodeontwodragons.3.Whatkindofinformationwillbegottenbytherover?A.Theplanet'sground. B.Thegeologicalstructure. C.Climateandenvironment. D.Allofabove.4.Whatdoes“determination”refertoinParagraph4?A.Discoveringthefactsaboutsomething. B.Tryingtodosomethingevenwhenitisdifficult. C.Expectingtodosomething. D.Imaginingachievingsomething.5.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheSuccessofTianwen-1 B.TheTasksofTianwen-1 C.TheGoalsofChina'sFirstMarsRover D.TheIntroductionofChina'sFirstMarsRover五、綜合填空Passage1熱點(diǎn)信息——建黨百年的光輝歷程AsmembersoftheCommunistYouthLeague(共青團(tuán)),weshouldfollowtheParty'slead.Whatis“theParty”？ThePartyistheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨).TheCPCwasf__1__in1921,whichwasadifficulttimeinChina'shistory.ThefirstPartymemberswantedtosavethec__2__andofferChinesepeopleabetterlife.TheCPCledChinatorealisethegoalsofnationalindependence(獨(dú)立)andpeople'sliberation(解放)duringtherevolutionary(革命)timesbefore1949.Ithasl__3__theChinesenationtostandupandbecomebetter,whileleadingthepeopletoachievemany“Chinesemiracles(奇跡)”．NowtheCPCisthebiggestPartyintheworldwithover91millionm__4__.MembersoftheCPCmustwholeheartedly(全心全意)servethepeopleandber__5__tomakeanypersonalsacrifice(犧牲).Theyarefromallwalksoflife.Theymaybeyourparents,unclesanda__6__，grandparentsorteachers.Butwhendangercomes,theystandoutandf__7__forthepeople.Youcangettoknowthemt__8__theiractions.InthewaragainstCOVID-19,CPCmembersfightonthefrontlines.Theyp__9__theinterestsofthecountryandpeopleabovetheirown.Theytakeongreatdutyj__10__astheoldergenerationsdid.Passage2Everyyear,12，000to14，000earthquakeshappenaroundtheworld,killingtensofthousandsoflives.Sowhenitcomestomonitoring(監(jiān)測(cè))e__1__，everysecondcounts.Recently,anewAIsystemd__2__byChinahasshortenedthetimeittakestodetect(探測(cè))earthquakes.Afteranearthquakehappens,mostresearcherscanquicklypublish(公布)thetime,p__3__，magnitude(震級(jí))anddepthoftheearthquake.H__4__，theyoftendon'tincludethefocalmechanismparameters(震源機(jī)制參數(shù)),whichcanbeusedtopredictthepossibledistribution(分布)ofstrongaftershocks(余震)．“Itt__5__threetotenminutesforothercountriestopublishearthquakefocalmechanismparameters.Butbythistime,theearthquakehasfullyhappenedandtheh__6__hasbeendone，”ZhuHuiyusaid.“Thisn__7__systemcanprovidethefocalmechanismparameterswithinjustonesecond.Anditcanpublishtheinformationbeforetheaftershocksr__8__someareas.”“Ifwearea__9__toreceivethewarninginformationthreesecondsbeforean