NEWCONCEPTENGLISHBOOK3ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggsLesson4第1頁SummarywritingofL3Archaeologistsfoundaclayfragmentsinanancienttemple.Theserepresentedthefifteenstatuesofgoddesswhichhadoncebeenpainted.ThebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C..WhileitsheadwasfoundamongremainsfromthefifthcenturyB.C..Whenthefragmentswerereconstructed,theyturnedouttobe第2頁Newwords：manualadj.體力，手工(=physical身體）；n.手冊(cè)，指南manualwork; mental(精神，思想）work;manuallabour體力勞動(dòng)manualworker;manuallabourer;manualcraft（技術(shù)，手藝）手工藝；manualtraining手工課；trainingmanual訓(xùn)練手冊(cè)collarn.衣領(lǐng)；環(huán)狀物；v.揪衣領(lǐng)white/blue-collar白領(lǐng)；藍(lán)領(lǐng)golden-collar金領(lǐng)；pink-collar粉領(lǐng)（常指職業(yè)女性）gethotunderthecollar怒氣沖天Eg.Hegothotunderthecollarwhenheknewthattheylaughedathim.第3頁sacrificevt.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出（to

give

up

for

good

purpose）--sacrifice

one's

life

for

the

country--sacrifice

timeeg.Afiremansacrificedhislifetosavethekidfromthefire.

sacrificesth.for.sth./sacrificesth.Todosth. at/bythesacrificeof以……為代價(jià) sacrificen.犧牲（品），獻(xiàn)身，供品privilegen.好處； v.給予…特權(quán)；特免（=advantagen.優(yōu)勢(shì),有利條件,利益）sacrifice

one‘s

advantage/privilege犧牲掉某人好處 enjoyprivileges享受特權(quán) privilegesb.fromsth.特免某人…privilegen.特權(quán),尤其待遇；免責(zé)特權(quán)（=special

right）-give/grant

sb.the

privilege

of

doing

sth特許某人做某事privilegeda.榮幸--WeareprivilegedtobetogetherwithprofessorSmiththisevening.第4頁dustmann.清潔工

garbageman;garbagecollector;trashman;清潔工；cleaner保潔員

trashcan(AmE.)垃圾筒；dustbin(BrE.)垃圾筒corporationn.企業(yè)，社團(tuán)，團(tuán)體

作有限企業(yè)解時(shí)，美國人多用corporation, 英語人多用company firm企業(yè)（較廣泛，統(tǒng)稱）group集團(tuán)企業(yè) listedcompany股票上市企業(yè) government-ownedenterprise國有企業(yè)overallsn.工作服workingclothes; sportswear運(yùn)動(dòng)服；nighty睡衣boiler（鍋爐，熱水器)suit連體工作服showern.淋浴；陣雨；（一）陣，（一）批）

ashowerof一陣,大量ashowerofcriticism/arrows

beshoweredwith被大量給予…Eg.Shewillalwaysbeshoweredwithlove,affectionandadoration.她一定會(huì)沐浴在愛、親情和贊美之中。第5頁

secretn.秘密adj.秘密,隱秘 confidentialadj.機(jī)密 keep

a/one’ssecret保密--It's

between

you

and

me.此事只介于你我之間。--I'll

keep

it

to

myself.我會(huì)保守秘密。in

secret私下里（=secretly,in

private,privately）--I

was

told

about

it

in

secret.in

the

secret知道內(nèi)情--He

was

in

the

secret

from

the

beginningmakenosecretof不隱瞞

statusn.地位（=social

position）statuen.雕像,塑像theStatueofLibertyAhigh/lowstatusinsociety高/低社會(huì)地位Employmentstatus就業(yè)情況；maritalstatus婚姻情況Ahighstatusbusinessman有地位商人第6頁Text課文Why

did

Alf

want

a

white-collar

job?ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs

doublecharacter雙重性格doublechin雙下巴

These

days,

people

who

do

manual

work

often

receive

far

more

money

than

people

whowork

in

offices.thesedays“當(dāng)前，當(dāng)前，如今”；類似還有：atpresent，atthepresenttime,currently,nowadays,forthetimebeing眼下forthemoment暫時(shí)，當(dāng)前for

more

money（far副詞用來加強(qiáng)語氣=much）第7頁P(yáng)eople

who

work

in

offices

are

frequently

referred

to

as

"white-collar

workers'

for

the simple

reason

that

they

usually

wear

a

collar

and

tie

to

go

to

work.refer

to...as

=

regard...as“把...叫作；把…看作”eg. Wealwaysrefertotheteacherasagardener. for

the

simple

reason=for

引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句for

the

reason

that多用于正式文體，--Heisrefertoasabookworm(書呆子）forthesimplereasonthathesparesnoeffortstoread.--Hewassendtoprisonforhecouldnotpayhisdebts.Acollarandtie（看成一套東西）“穿著襯衣，打著領(lǐng)帶”

aknifeandfork; acupandsaucer一套杯碟; acartandhorse馬車; breadandbutter生計(jì)第8頁Such

is

human

nature,

that

a

great

many

people

are

often

willing

to

sacrifice

higher

pay

for

the

privilege

of

becoming

white-collar

workers.human

nature人性such...that...（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,深入補(bǔ)充說明such基本內(nèi)涵）Eg.His

kindness

was

such

that

we

will

never

forget

him.=Such

was

his

kindnessthat…（such在句首要倒裝） Such

is

human

nature

that

everybodytriestoearnsmoreandworkless. Ifsuchisthecase,weneednottogothere.

be

willing

to

do

sth.樂于做…，愿意做… begladtodo/bepleasedtodo/bereadytodo agreat/goodmany“許多” manya+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)）第9頁This

can

give

rise

to

curious

situations,

as

it

did

in

the

case

of

Alfred

Bloggs

who

worked

asa

dustman

for

the

Ellesmere

Corporation.give

rise

to造成,引發(fā)--Such

conduct

might

give

rise

to

misunderstandings.這種行為會(huì)引發(fā)誤解。--The

bad

conditions

have

given

rise

to

a

lot

of

crimes.不良環(huán)境引發(fā)了犯罪。--The

government’seconomicpolicygaverisetoincreasedunemployment,thoughitistruethatitproducedafavorablebalanceofpaymentsinthecountry’sinternationaltrade.誠然，政府經(jīng)濟(jì)政策對(duì)于對(duì)外貿(mào)易收支平衡有好處，但它使得失業(yè)率上升。leadto+n.造成，造成；Hiscarelessledtohisfailure.bringabout引發(fā)，造成，實(shí)現(xiàn)TheSecondWorldWarwasbroughtaboutbyHitler’sinvasionofPoland.resultin引發(fā)，造成，致使

Thefloodresultedinaconsiderablereductioninproduction.這次水災(zāi)造成相當(dāng)大減產(chǎn)。第10頁in

the

case

of就...來說,關(guān)于,就...而言--Stealing

isno

shame

in

the

case

of

him.偷竊對(duì)他來說不是一件可恥事。--Povertydepressesmostpeople;inthecaseofmyfatheritwasotherwise(另外，不一樣）concerningprep.關(guān)于,包括,就...說Letmeseealltheofficialdocumentsconcerningthesaleofthisland.

讓我看看買賣這塊土地全部官方文件。in

case

of（副詞）萬一,以防incaseconj.萬一--You

should

ensure

your

house

in

case

of

fire.（vt.確保;擔(dān)保,保險(xiǎn)）--Takeanumbrellaincaseofrain帶上雨傘以防下雨。--Themeetingwillbeputoff,incaseitrains.--Itmayrain;you’dbettertakeanumbrellajustincase.(“以防萬一”） inthis/thatcase“假如這么/那樣話” --Inthatcase,Iprefertostayonthebus.第11頁When

he

got

married,

Alf

was

too

embarrassed

to

say

anything

to

his

wife

about

his

job.be

ashamed

of“感到慚愧,慚愧”--Alfwasashamedofhisjobasadustman.marrysb.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作

--He

married

the

girl.他娶了這個(gè)女孩。）get

married(tosb.)強(qiáng)調(diào)過程--Lastyeartheygotmarried.be

married

to

sb強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)--The

old

man

has

been

married

to

his

wife

for

50

years.too

embarrassed

to

say太尷尬而沒有說明第12頁Too…to… --Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.tooeager/anxious/readytodosth.“非常想做…，急于做…，時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備做…”--I’mjusttooeagertohelpyou.--You’retooreadytofindfaultswithotherpeople.你太愛找他人茬兒了。too前有only,all,but,really修飾時(shí)，亦表示必定。--I’monlytoopleasedtostudyfurtherabroad.--That’sonlytootrue,I’mafraid.(reallytrue)too…to…有兩種否定形式，注意區(qū)分。too…notto…“很/非常…不會(huì)不/一定能…”not/nevertoo…to…“不太…（所以）能…”--Heistoowisenottosolvetheproblem.他非常聰明一定能處理問題。--Itisnevertoolatetomend.改過不嫌晚。第13頁He

simply

told

her

that

he

worked

for

the

Corporation.Simply副詞--用來修飾限定動(dòng)詞toldEvery

morning,

he

left

home

dressed

in

a

smart

black

suit.dressed

in

a

smart

black

suit--形容詞短語表示一個(gè)狀態(tài)--He

go

to

work

dressed

in

a

beautiful

coat.--He

left

home

wearing

a

smart

black

suit.

He

then

changed

into

overalls

and

spent

the

next

eight

hours

as

a

dustman.changed

into換上/changebackinto換回第14頁Before

returning

home

at

night.

He

took

a

shower

and

changed

back

into

his

suit.Before

returning

home=Before

he

returned

homeBefore和動(dòng)名詞搭配,相當(dāng)于Before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。假如利用動(dòng)名詞形式，動(dòng)名詞邏輯主語必須是主句主語--After

getting

home,he

had

a

good

rest.--Before

having

dinner,he

finished

all

his

homework.Alfdid

this

for

over

two

years

and

his

fellow

dustmen

kept

his

secret.Alf's

wife

has

never

discovered

that

she

married

a

dustman

and

she

never

will,

for

Alf

has

just

found

another

job.He

will

soon

be

working

in

an

office.she

never

will=she

will

never

discover

the

secret在省略句式中,never要放在助動(dòng)詞之前--“will

you

go

to

see

her?”--“I

will

never

go

to

see

her"="No,I

never

will."第15頁He

will

be

earning

only

half

as

much

as

he

used

to,

but

he

feels

that

his

rise

in

status

is

wellworth

the

loss

of

money.half

as

much

as,half/a

quarter/twice/three

times+as...as...表示倍數(shù)--I

won't

marry

a

man

who

is

twice

as

old

as

me.--We

got

three

times

as

many

people

as

we

expected.--This

room

is

about

three

times

as

large

as

that

one.What

he

obtained

is

well

worth

the

loss

of

time.他所得是值得花時(shí)間。well

副詞用來加強(qiáng)語氣,修飾形容詞worth第16頁英語中表示倍數(shù)慣用句式：1.“A+倍數(shù)+adj./adv.比較級(jí)+thanB”表示“A比B大，長多少倍”--thisropeistwicelongerthanthatone.--Thehallisfivetimeslargerthanourclassroom.2.“A+倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.原級(jí)+asB”表示“A是B多少倍?！?-AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.--ThisTVcoststwiceasmuchasthatone.3.A+倍數(shù)+theheight/size/length,etc.+of+B”表示“A是B高度、大小、長度…多少倍?！?-Thebigboxisfivetimestheweightofthesmallone.第17頁Worth,worthy,worth-whilebeworth+n.=beworthyof+n.--Thematterisworthconsideration.(=Thematterisworthyofconsideration.)beworthdoing=beworthyofbeingdone=beworthytobedone--Thematterisworthconsidering.=Thematterisworthyofbeingconsidered.=Thematterisworthytobeconsidered.beworth-whiletodoItisworthwhile(forsb.)todo.Sth.Itisworthwhiledoingsth.--Itisworthwhileconsidering/toconsiderthematter.--Itisn’tworthwhilespendingsomuchtimeonminorproblems.在枝節(jié)問題上犯不上花這么多時(shí)間。第18頁Multiplechoicequestions多項(xiàng)選擇1...Aillustratevt.說明,闡述“...a

great

many

people

are

often

willing

to

sacrifice

higher

pay

for

the

privilege

of

becoming

white-collar

worker"2...Cdouble

life3...D"...he

feels

that

his

rise

in

status

is

well

worth

the

loss

of

money"previousadj.在前,早先respectn.某方面vt.尊敬,尊重4...Bto

go

能夠省略They

usually

go

to

work

wearing

a

collar

and

tie.5...D"Alfred

was

too

embarrassed

to

say

anything

to

his

wife

about

his

job."too...to…（不定式to表示否定）so...that…（在that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句中,假如采取否定式，能夠和too...to

交換）--The

water

is

too

hot

for

us

to

drink.=he

water

is

so

hot

that

we

can't

drink.6...C"He

simply

told

her

that

he

worker

of

the

Corporation"simply副詞（僅僅是,再?zèng)]有別了=only,just）不論是simply,only還是just，往往用在所修飾主體詞之前。--I

did

it

simply/only

for

the

money--I

don't

like

driving.I

do

it

simply/only

because

I

have

to

go

to

work

each

day.and

no

more