PLANNINGGUIDEFOR

KONEEscalators

&Autowalks

TableofContents

1.WelcometotheKONEEscalatorandAutowalkPlanningGuide

2.HowtousethisPlanningGuide

Designingyournewproject7

3.Anintroductiontoescalatorsandautowalks

3.1Definitionsandcomponents8

3.2Themainsafetycodetoconsider9

4.OptimizingthePeopleFlow?withinthebuilding

4.1AnalyzingPeopleFlow11

4.2Calculatingtrafficcapacity12

Case1:Shoppingcenter15

Case2:24-hourMetrostation17

43Understandingyourbuildingsegment20

4.4Decidinghowmanyescalatorsand/orautowalksareneeded21

4.5Locatingyourescalatorsandautowalks-indoorsoroutdoors21

4.6Arrangingyourescalatorsorautowalksinthebuilding21

5.Configuringyourescalatororautowalk

5.1Loadprofile32

5.2Energyconsumption35

53Stepwidth38

5.4Nominalspeed39

5.5Inclinationofescalators39

5.6Inclinationofautowalks39

5.7Horizontal(level)steps/pallets40

5.8Verticalrise(travelheight)40

5.9Transitionradii41

5.10Operationalmodes41

5.11Typeofbalustrade42

5.12Balustradeheight43

6.Constructionconsiderations

6.1Passengercirculationarea48

6.2Minimumhandrailandheadroomclearance49

6.3Protectivebarriers50

6.4Headguards51

6.5Cautionsigns52

7.Modernizingyourexistingescalator

7.1Astep-by-stepapproach57

7.2Safetysolutions57

7.3Mechanical58

7.4Electrical59

7.5Lubrication-freechain59

7.6Aesthetics59

KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide3

Everyminuteofeveryday,somewherein

theworld,millionsofpeopleareusing

escalatorsandautowalks.Indepartment

stores,shoppingcenters,cinemas,sports

complexes,exhibitionhalls,airports,

railwaystations,metrostationsanda

hostofotherbuildings,escalatorsand

autowalksarequietly,efficiently,safelyand

unobtrusivelytransportinglargenumbers

ofpeople.Thekeytotheirsmoothand

successfuloperationisefficientplanning,

installationandqualitymaintenance.

4KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide

1.WelcometotheKONE

EscalatorsandAutowalks

PlanningGuide

OurobjectiveistodeliveraperformanceedgetoourItwillhelpyouselectthecorrectsolutionforeachspecific

customersbycreatingthebestuserexperiencewithapplication,andrecommendwaystooptimizethePeople

innovativePeopleFlowsolutionsinthefastdevelopingFlowwithinyourbuilding.Itwillalsohelpyouunderstand

urbanenvironment.ThisallowspeopletomovearoundtherelevantbuildingregulationsandtheNorthAmerican

smoothly,safelyandefficientlyinandbetweenbuildings.escalatorandautowalksafetycode.

FordecadesKONEhasbeenprovidingindustry-leadingInshort,thisPlanningGuidewillbeyourcompanionin

escalatorsandautowalksandweareoneoftheglobaleachandeveryprojectyouareinvolvedwith.Ihopeyou

leadersintheindustry.ThisPlanningGuidedemonstratesfindithelpful,andIwishyouasuccessfulescalatoror

ourvastexperienceandexpertiseinthisarea.Itisaclear,autowalkproject.Whereyoustillhavequestions,please

easy-to-understandandcomprehensiveguidetoallthecontactyourlocalKONESalesRepresentative,whowillbe

mainprocessstages,frominitialprojectplanningtofinaldelightedtogiveyouthenecessarysupport.

commissioning.

KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide5

2.Howtousethis

PlanningGuide

ThereisnosetmethodforusingthisPlanningGuide.Youaccompanyingproductvs.segmentmatrix.Thiswill

canflipthroughthetableofcontentsandquicklyaccessallowyoutoseewhichKONEproductswerecommend

therelevantinformationyouneed.Theinitialchaptersforcertainsegments,suchaspublictransportation,

dealwithanintroductiontoescalatorsandautowalksairport,retail,office,hotel,medicalorleisure.

andhowtooptimizepeopleflowwithinyourbuilding.

Basedonourrecommendationsyoucanthenlookat

Theguidethentakesyouthroughhowtoconfigureyour

theappropriateproduct-specificbrochurestoanalyze

solutionandaddresseskeyconstructionconsiderations.

thetechnicalspecificationsoftheproduct.Youwill

Wealsoexplaintheoptionsandmethodsregarding

immediatelybeabletoseewhichproductwillbest

modernizationandlookatsomeofthemostpertinent

suityourparticularproject.

changestotheASMEA17.1-2013/CSAB44-13code.

AttheendofthePlanningGuidearelistsoffiguresandVisitkone.us

tables.Again,theseareaddedsoyoucanquicklyandThePlanningGuideandotherescalatorandautowalk

easilyaccessthefiguresandtablesyouneed.Formorematerials,includingdesigntools,canalsobeaccessed

product-specificinformationyoumaylookatthefromourwebsite,kone.us.

Pleasenote:Alldrawings,figures,tables,charts,

anddiagramscontainedinthispublicationarefor

illustrationpurposesonly.

6KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide

Designingyournewproject

OptimizingthePeopleFlow-

ADefininghowmanyunitsareneeded

?Calculatetrafficcapacity,Chapter4)

?Typicalconfigurationspertypeofbuilding

(Chapter4)

?Arrangingtheescalatorsorinclinedautowalks

(Chapter4)

Definingtherightsolution

Bforyourproject

?Differentcharacteristicsofanescalatoror

autowalk(Chapter5)

?Productrecommendationspersegment

?Product-specificmodulesincludingspecifications,

optionsanddimensions

CObtainingthedimensions

aConstructionconsiderationsinrelationtosafety

code(Chapter6)

-Escalatordesigntoolsonkone.us

3.Anintroductionto

escalatorsandautowalks

3.1Definitionsandcomponents

Anescalatorisamovingstaircasefortransportingpeoplebetweenfloorsofabuilding.Itisgenerallyagreedthat

anescalatoristhemostefficientmeanstomovelargenumbersofpeoplebetweenfloors.

ItemComponentItemComponent

HandrailHandraildrive

SkirtingTransitionradii

Steps/palletsTruss

DeckingSidecladding

BalustradeStepchain

Horizontalsteps/palletsTracks

DrivestationReturnstation

ControllerAccesscoverplate

FrontplateNewel

Figure3.1Escalatorcomponents

KONE'sescalatorscomeinadiverserangeofspecifications:

-Inclination30c

■Stepwidth24in.(600mm)|32in.(800mm)|40In.(1000mm)

■Speed100fpm(0.5m/s)

■Levelsteps2I3|4*

■EnvironmentIndoor|semi-outdoor|fullyoutdoor

onlyforinfrastructureescalators

8KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide

Ahorizontalautowalkisaconveyorbeltthattransportspeoplehonzontally.Autowalksaregenerallyprovidedinareas

wherepeopleneedtowalklongdistanceswithluggage,baggagecartsorshoppingcarts.Anautowalkisgenerallyflat,

butcanbeslightlyinclined.

KONE'shorizontalautowalkscoverallthestandardrequirements:

■Inclinationfrom00to6,

■Palletwidth40in.(1000mm)|48in.(1200mm)|56in.(1400mm)

o

o

o

o

o

s

f

i

Byconveyingpeoplecontinuously,escalatorsandautowalks,alongwithelevators,areatotalpeopleand

autowalksensureasmoothflowofpeoplethroughagoodstransportationsolution.However,escalators,

building.Theyhavethecapacitytohandlehightraffic,autowalksandelevatorseachhavetheirownstrengths,as

andinmulti-levelretailcenterstheyplayavitalroleinshowninTable3.7,whichwillhelpyouunderstandwhether

ensuringthatallfloorsarevisitedevenly.Escalatorsandyouneedanescalatororanautowalk(orevenanelevator).

Table3.1Themaintransportationcharacteristicsofescalators,autowalksandelevators

EscalatorsHorizontalautowalksElevators

ContinuousContinuousInterrupted

MasstransportMasstransportLimitednumber

Short-mediumdistancesMedium-longdistancesHigherrises

InbetweenfloorsOnonefloorInbetweenfloors

SteerpeopleflowSavetimeandeffortImproveaccessibility

3.2Themainsafetycodetoconsider

ThesafestructuraldesignandinstallationofescalatorsYourlocalKONEsalesorganizationwillbedelightedto

andautowalksinbuildingsisdefinedandregulatedinprovideyouwithdetailsofyourlocalregulations.

NorthAmericabytheASMEA17.1-2013/CSAB44-13Code.

InthisPlanningGuide,werefertothelatestversionofthe

Elsewhereintheworld,regionalorlocalcountry-specificASMEA17.12010code.

codesaswellastheASMEA17.1-2013/CSAB44-13code

mayapply.

KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide9

4.OptimizingthePeopleFlow

withinthebuilding

41AnalyzingPeopleFlow

Peopleflowvariesimmenselyineachtypeofbuilding.eco-efficientandenvironmentally-friendlysolutions.And

Understandingpeopleflowwillhelpyouselectthecorrectlet'snotforgetthatanagingpopulationrequiresmore

typeandnumberofescalatorsandautowalks,andconfigurefocusonbetteraccessibility,safetyandsecurity.

themcorrectlyforthebuilding.

KONEisdedicatedtothedevelopmentofsustainable

Theeasiestwaytounderstandpeopleflowistolookaturbanliving,andiscommittedtomakingurban

twobuildingswherethepeopleflowiswidelydifferent:aenvironmentsbetterplacesforpeopletolivein.

multi-floorshoppingcenteranda24-hourmetrostation

(seethecasestudieslaterinthischapter).

OurvisionistodeliverthebestPeopleFlowexperience.

ByPeopleFlowwemean:

WhatisPeopleFlow?

■Movingpeoplesmoothly,safely,comfortablyandwithout

Theworld'scitiesareconstantlygrowing.Theyattractwaitinginandbetweenbuildings

billionsofpeopleandby2050,it'sestimatedthatmore

■Ensuringhigh-qualityaccessibilityforeveryone

thantwoineverythreepeopleontheplanetwilllivein

urbanareas.Tosupportthisinfluxofpeopleintocities,Furthermore,PeopleFlowgivesusdirectionfor

theimportanceofbuildingcomfortableandefficientdevelopingourofferingtomeetourcustomers1needs,

urbanenvironmentsisparamount.Atthesametime,andenablesustocrediblysell,deliverandmaintain

increasedenvironmentalawarenessisdemandingmorecompletesolutionsinsteadofjustproducts.

KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide11

4.2Calculatingtrafficcapacity

AnimportantfirststepistocalculatethenumberWhencarryingoutsuchtrafficcapacitycalculationsfor

ofpassengersyouexpectyourescalatororautowalkyourprojects,pleasetakeintoconsiderationthatsome

totransport.otherimportantfactorscomeintoplaywhichmay

influenceyourtrafficcapacity:

Moredetailedinformationonstepwidthandspeedcan

?Everystepisnotlikelytobe100%occupied

befoundinchapters5.3and5.4.Table4.1displaysthe

informationgivenwithinASMEA17.1-2013/CSAB44-13for■Inreality,manypassengersleaveatleastoneclearstep

betweenthemselvesandthepassengerinfront

trafficflowplanningpurposes.However,thesefiguresare

■Asthespeedofthestepbandincreases,stepoccupancy

onlyrelevantiftheescalatororautowalkisrunningatfull

decreases,becausepassengershesitatelongerbeforeboarding

load,whichonlyoccursduringpeakhours.

Theconclusionthereforeisthattrafficcapacitycalculations

Table4.1Trafficcapacitycalculationsarecomplicatedastheyareaffectedbyanumberof

criteria.KONEexpertsareavailabletohelpyoucalculate

theexacttrafficcapacityofyourescalatororautowalk,to

ensureitperfectlymatchestherequirementsofthebuilding.

Example:

Considerametrostationescalator,withaspeedofInreality,duringits20hoursofoperationperday,

100fpm(0.5m/s)anda40in.(1000mm)stepwidth,itspassengerloadwillvaryasfollows:

incontinuousoperationinbothdirectionsforaperiod■40%fullload(2,400persons)for3hours=7,200persons

of20hoursaday,7daysaweekand365daysperyear.■100%fullload(6,000persons)for2hours=12,000persons

Ifitwasrunningatfullloadforthewholeofits20hours■50%fullload(3,000persons)for8hours=24,000persons

ofoperation,itstrafficcapacitywouldbe:

■100%fullload(6,000persons)for2hours=12,000persons

■20hoursx6,000persons/hour

■40%fullload(2,400persons)for5hours=12,000persons

■=120,000personsperday

Thismakesatotalof67,200personscarriedoverits20

hoursofdailyoperationat61.2%equivalentloadprofile.

12KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide

Case1:Shoppingcenter

AsseeninFigure4.1theshoppingcenterexperiences

threepeaks:

■Thefirstisatthebeginningofthedayandconsistsof

employeesandearlyshoppers,coffeeshopvisitorsandpeople

whocutthroughthecenterontheirwaytowork

-Thesecondisduringlunchhourwhenpeopleaccessthefood

courtarea(notongroundlevel)orstopattheshoppingcenter

duringtheirlunchbreak

■Thethirdisthetimeafterworkwhenmostshoppersenter

thecenter

Afterthethirdpeakthenumberofvisitorsquicklydecreases

untilthecenterclosesforthenight.SeeChapter4.6for

%oftraffic

moreinformationonthissubject.

capacity

OOLOLOZOzOgOEODOQOmOs9O9ONOZO0O0O8O6O6OOLOLLLTL-LzTZ-mLELL寸寸LLinLinL9L9NLbL-LCL08L6L6ZOZOZLZLZZZmZ

Figure4.1Typicalpeopleflowinamulti-levelshoppingcenter,showingthreemajorpeaks

KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide15

KONEEscatatorsandAutowatksPlanningGuide

Case2:24-hourMetrostation

Foratypical24-hourmetrostationinametropolitancity,

twopeaksareexperienced;oneforeachrushhourwhen

peopletraveltoworkandback,asshowninFigure4.2.

Bothpeaksareprecededandfollowedbyabuild-upperiod,

whichstretcheslongerintotheeveningaspeopleeither

stayortravelfordinner,socialmeetings,overtime,etc.

0N寸z0

L5ZEg▼gs99z8866O二-ZZFS▼Q99NZ8M66OolNzzmm

。

0OOoo。。0oo0007LLInITn7L7TLTzzzTz

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，,o

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OOOlOlZOzO<O*>OEO寸O寸OSOiOnO9O9OZOzO8O00O6O6LOLOTL-LLLzTZ-gLgLT寸-寸LLiLnLgT9-9LZLZL8L8L6L6ZOZOZLZLZZZm

Figure4.2Typicalpeopleflowina24-hourmetrostationwithtwomajorpeaks

Notethatnotonlythenumberbutthemagnitudeofthepeaksaredifferentbetweenthetwoenvironments;inthe

metrostation,thenumberofpeopleusingtheescalatoratpeaktimesissignificantlyhigher.Thismeansthatthe

escalatorisunderamuchhigherload.MoreonloadprofileisdiscussedinChapter5.1.

KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide17

Acleardistinctioncanbemadebetweenescalatorsforacommercialenvironment,suchasashoppingcenter,and

escalatorsforaninfrastructureenvironment,suchasarailwayormetrostation:

CommercialescalatorsInfrastructureescalatorsandhorizontalautowalks

Inshoppingcenters,Inpublictransportation

supermarketsandenvironmentssuchas

departmentstores,airportsandtransitcenters,

escalatorsplayavitalrolethechallengeistoget

inroutingshopperstothepassengersandtheir

rightlocation,suchasluggagetotheirdestination

particularshopsinamallorontime.Tomeetthis

specificaislesinastore.challenge,escalatorsand

horizontalautowalksare

beingincreasinglyusedin

thesebuildings.

ThespecificKONEsolutionsthatarerecommendedforeachsegmentcanbefoundintheproductvs.segmentmatrix.

Table4.2presentssometypicalconfigurationsforcommercialunits,whileTable4.3highlightstypicalconfigurationsfor

infrastructureunits.

Table4.2Typicalconfigurationsforcommercialunits

SmallretailshopsLargeshoppingmalls

30°escalator30°escalator

32in.(800mm)stepwidth40in.(1000mm)stepwidth

100fpm(0.5m/s)100fpm(0.5m/s)

StandbyspeedContinuous

GlassbalustradeGlassbalustrade

PrimedsheetsteelCustomizedorstainless

sidecladdingsteelsidecladding

18KONEEscalatorsandAutowalksPlanningGuide

Table4.3Typicalconfigurationsforinfrastructureunits

RailwaystationMetrostationAirportAirport

0°horizontal

30"escalator30uescalator30°escalator

autowalk

40in.(1000mm)40in.(1000mm)40in.(1000mm)40in.(1000mm)

stepwidthstepwidthstepwidthstepwidth

100fpm(0.5m/s)100fpm(0.5m/s)100fpm(0.5m/s)100fpm(0.5m/s)

Continuous,standby'Continuous,standby)Continuous,standby1Continuous,standby'

GlassorsolidGlassorsolid

GlassbalustradeGlassbalustrade

inclinedbalustradeinclinedbalustrade

StainlesssteelStainlesssteelCustomizedorstainlesssteel

Nocladding

sidecladdingsidecladdingsidecladding

'SeeChapter5.2forthedescriptionofoperationalmodes.

4

4.3Understandingyourbuildingsegment

Notallbuildingscanbedescribedaseithercommercialorinfrastructure;therearemanybuildingsegments,eachwith

theirownpeopletransportationrequirements.Beforechoosinganescalatororautowalk,Itisimportanttobeawareof

thekeydifferencesbetweenmajortypesofbuildings,astheiruseandtheirpeopleflowaffectthesolutionyouwill

specify.KONEisfullyawareofthesedifferingrequirementsandofferscompleteequipmentandservicesolutionsforany

peopleflowchallenge.PleasecontactKONEforanypeopleflowplanningsupportyoumayrequire.Themainsegments

andtheirmostcommonpeopletransportationrequirementsareshownbelow:

Publictransportationsegment

?Highavailabilityisvital■Linkedtobuildingmanagementsystems

■Highspeed(100fpm[0.5m/s])■Standbyspeed

increasessafetybyallowingpassengersto■Heavyindoor,semi-outdoorandfullyoutdooruse

leavetheplatformquickly

■20-24hoursrunningtimeperday

Airportsegment

■Highspeedisusuallyrequired,especiallyfor■Availabilityisextremelyimportant

horizontalautowalks■Linkedtobuildingmanagementsystems

X■VisualdesignIsveryimportant;airportsare■Mainlyindoor

keyreferencesites