2018年6月大學英語六級考試真題（第3套）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingontheimportanceof

buildingtrustbetweenbusinessandconsumersYoucanciteexamplestoillustrateyourviews

YoushoulduTiteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words

PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)

(說明：由于2018年6月六級考試全國共考了2套聽力，本套真題聽力與前2套內(nèi)容完全一樣，只是

順序不一樣，因此在本套真題中不再重復出現(xiàn)。)

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanksYouarerequiredtoselectonewordforeach

blankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassageReadthepassagethroughcarefully

beforemakingyourchoicesEachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletterPleasemarkthecorresponding

letterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentreYoumaynotuseanyofthe

wordsinthebankmorethanonce

Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage

WhenElonMusksaysthathisnewpriorityisusingartificialintelligencetobuilddomesticrobotswe

shouldlookforwardtothedayinadmiration

Mr.Muskisaguywhogetsthingsdone.Thefounderoftwotechcompanies,TeslaMotcrsand

SpaceX,isbringingelectricvehiclestomassmarketand26humanstoliveonotherplanets.Thissounds

likesomuchhotair;butthenear$13billionfortunethisentrepreneurhas27comesfrompractical

achievementsratherthanhypotheticalones

Alotofcleverpeopleare28aboutartificialintelligencefearingthatrobotswillonedaybecomeso

29thatthey11murderallofusThesefearsaremostly30:aswithhysteriaaboutgeneticmodification,

wehumansaregenerallywiseenoughtomanagetheseproblemswithspeedandcare

Andjustthinkofhowwonderfulitwouldbeifyouhadalive-inrobotItcould,belikehavinga

babysitterandanurserolledintoone-oi;ifthatrequired32intelligencebeyondthepowerofMr.Musk's

imaginedmachineatleastsomeonetochopthecarrotywashthecarandmowthelawn.Oncepurchased

andtrained,thiswouldallowthe33usertosavemoneyandtime,freeingup34spaceinourbusylivesto

readagoodbook.

ThatiswhywewelcomeMr.Muskslatest35,andwishhimwellAslongasrobotsaddtothesumof

humanhappiness,reducesufferingandcreatetimetoreadworld-classjournalisn,weshouldbetheirfans

Especiallysincejournalianisonejobrobotswillneverdcx_________________

A),amassedB).casual

C).emotionalD).enabling

E).eventuallyF).exaggerated

G).extravagantH).generously

I),misleadingJ),precious

K).rewardL).smart

M).sphereN).terrified

0).venture

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SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoitEach

statementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphsIdentifytheparagraphfromwhichthe

informationisderivedYoumaychooseaparagraphmorethanonceEachparagraphismarkedwitha

letterAnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Intherealworld,nobodycaresthatyouwenttoanIvyLeagueschool

[A].Asahighschooljunior;everythinginmyliferevolvedaroundgettingintotherightcollegeI

diligently

attendedmySAT,ACT,andAdvancedPlacementtestpreparationcourses1juggled(盡力應付)cross-

countryandtrackschedules,newspaperstaff；andmychurcHsyouthgroupanddramateam.Ididrit

drink,

part%orevendomuchdatingTherightcollegeiIthought,wasonewithprestigeonewithaname.Itdidrit

havetobetheIvyLeaguebutitneededtobe“topschool”

[B].Lookingbacknow,nineyearslater;Icaritrememberexactlywhatitwasabouttheseuniversitiesthatmade

themseemsomuchbetterWasitacurriculumthatappearedmorerigorous,perhaps?Oranalumni

networkthatIhopedwouldopendoorsdowntheline?Maybe,"Idothinkthereareadvantagesto

schoolswithmorerecognition,notesMarybethGasman,aprofessorofhighereducationatthe

UniversityofPennsylvania'Idoritnecessarilythinkthafsareasontogotoone”

[C].Inreflection,myfirmbeliefinthepowerofthebrandwasnaivenottomentionabitsnobby.Iquicklypassed

overstateschoolsandsouthernschoolsbelievingtheircurriculumtobeautomaticallyinferiorto

northeasternorwesterncounterpartsInstead,IdreamedoflivinginNewYorkCityandmyparentsobliged

mewithavisittoNewYorkUniversitys(NYU)campus.Duringthetour;tuitionfeeswerediscussed.

(NYUisconsistentlyrankedoneofthecountrysmostexpensiveschoolswithroomandboardcosts

totalingupwardsof$64,000ayean)Upuntilthen,Ihadrfttrulyrealizedjusthowexpensiveaneducation

canbe.Overthenextfewmonths,IrealizednotonlycouldInotaffordmydreamschool,Icouldriteven

affordtheoneswhereTdbeenacceptedCityUniversityofNewYork(CUNY),RutgersUniversity,and

IndianaUniversitywereoutofreachaswereMississippiStateandtheUniversityofAlabama,whereI

wouldhavetopayout-of-statefees.Furthercomplicatingmycollegesearchwasaflourishingstack

career一Iwantedtokeeprunningbutmytimeswererftquitefastenoughtosecureascholarship

[D].Andso,at11pmonthenightofGeorgiaStateUniversitys(GSU)midnightdeadlineIappliedonline.

RatedNo.466overallonForbeSListsTopCollege^No.183inResearchUniversitiesandNo.108inthe

South,IcaritsayitwasmytopchoiceStill,thetrackcoachhadofferedmeawalk-onspot,andIactually

foundtheurbanAtlantacampusadecentconsolationprizeafterNewYorkCity.

[￡].Whileitmayhavebeenpractical,itwasrftprestigious,Buther3sthething：1lovedmy"bwerlie1r(彳氐

層次的)university(Iusetheterm“l(fā)ow-tie1rcautiously,becauseGSUisawell-regardedresearch

institutionthatattractshighqualityprofessorsandfacultyfromalloverthecountry.)Wearetaughtto

believethatonlybygoingtothebestschoolsandgettingthebestgradescanweescapetheratraceandbuild

abetterfutumButwhatiflower-tiercollegesanduniversitieswerethetickettoescapingtheratrace?

Afteral],whereelsecanyouleaveschoolwithadecentdegree一butwithoutalifetimeofdebt?

MMyschooldidritcomepre-packagedlikethemorepopularoptionssowewerelefttotakecareofourselves

figuringoutcitylifeandtryingtocompletedegreeprogramsthatnoonewaschampioningforustosucceedin

WhatfmsayingHovedmyuniversitybecauseittaughtusalltoberesourcefulandwecouldmakewhatwe

wantedoutofit

[G].IwasluckyenoughtohavemytuitioncoveredbyalotterjNfundedscholarshipcalledHOPE

(Helping

OutstandingPupilsEducationally)WhenIstartedcollegetheHOPEscholarshipwasfundedbythe

stateofGeorgiaandofferedtograduatinghighschoolseniorswithaGPAof3.0orhigherLivingcosts

andbooksIpaidforwithmoneyearnedduringhighschool,supplementedbyasmallcolliefundmy

deceasedgrandfatherleftformeandamodestsavingsaccountmyparentscreatedwhenIwasborn.

[H].Sowhataboutallthatnamerecognition?Suremanyofmycolleaguesandcompetitorshavemore

glamorousabnamaters(母校)thanIdaAsajournalist,IhavecompetedagainstNYU,Columbia,

andNortheasterngraduatesforjobsAndyet,notasingleinterviewerhaseveraskedmeaboutmy

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educationalbackground.InfactalmosteveryinterviewIveeverhadwasduetoaconnection-one

thatIvegainedthroughpuredetermination,notaschoolbrand.

[IlAccordingtoTheBostonGlobe,studentswhoearnedtheirbachelofsin2012haveanaveragemonthly

loanpaymentof$312,whichisonerthirtimorethanthosewhograduatedin2004.Ultimately,thafs

thethinguniversitiesdorftwanttoadmitPrivateuniversitiesaremoney-makinginstitutionsIfyou

canaffordtobuyprestige,thatsyourchoicaFortherestofus,however;ourheartylowertiered

universitiesarejustfine,thankyou

[JlWealthyuniversitiestalkupthebenefitstheirnamewillgivegraduates；namely,strongalumni

networks,starfaculty,andar6sum6boostButyouneedritattendanIvyLeagueschooltoreapthose

rewardsLudacrisandtheformerCEOofBankofAmericaKenLewisarealumniofmycollegeas

wellasVICI?sfirstfemaleeditor-in-chiefEllisJonesSuccessfulpeopletendtobesuccessfulno

matterwheretheygotoschoolAndlowertierschoolscanhavealumninetworksjustasstrongas

theirbignamecounterpartsInfact,lowertierschoolalumninetworksarearguablystronger;because

fellowalumnirecognizethatyoudidrftnecessarilyhaveaneasypathtofollow.Theymightbemore

willingtooffercareerhelp,becauseyourlessfamousschooldenotesthat,likethem.,youarealsofull

ofenergyandperseverance.

[K].TheWashingtonPostreportedonarecentstudybyPrincetoneconomistsinwhichcollegegraduates

whoappliedtothemostselectiveschoolsinthe12thgradewerecomparedtothosewhoappliedto

slightlylessselectiveschoolsTheyfoundthatstudentswithmorepotentialearnedmoreasadultsand

thereverseheldtrueaswell,nomatterwheretheywenttoschool

[L].LikewisestarfacultyisnotalwaysfoundwhereyoddexpectBignameschoolsarenotnecessarilythe

bestplacesforprofessors；plugmanyprofessorssplitteachingtimebetweenmultiplecolleges

and/oruniversitiesThismeansforinstanceaCUNYstudentcouldreasonablyexpecttoreceivethe

samequalityofinstructionfromaprestigiousprofessorastheywouldiftheywereenrolledinthe

sameclassatNYU.

[M].Ifspossiblethatsomehiringmanagersmaybedrawntocandidateswithaparticulareducational

resume,butitsnoguaranteeAccordingtoa2012surveydescribedinTheAtlantic,college

reputationrankedlowestinrelativeimportanceofattributesinevaluatinggraduatesforhireibeaten

outbytopfactorslikeinternshipsemploymentduringcollegecollegemajor;volunteerexperience,

andextracurricular^

[N].Maybestudentswhochooselessprestigiousuniversitiesareboundtosucceedbecausetheyare

determinedto.ItendtothinkSQInanycaseifIcoulddoitagain,Idstillmakethesamechoice

TodayImdebt-&ee^resourceful-andIunderstandthateventheshiniestpackagingcaritpredict

whatyod11findontheinside

36.Modestinstitutionscanalsohavesuccessfulgraduatesandstrongalumninetworks

37.Themoneytheauthormadeinhighschoolhelpedpayforherlivingexpensesandbooksatcollega

38.Theauthorcametoseehowcostlycollegeeducatiaicouldbewhenshewastryingtochoosea

universitytoattend

39.Arecentstudyfoundthatagraduatessalaryisdeteiminedbytheirpotential,nottheuniversity

theyattended.

40.Theauthorcannotrecallforsurewhatmadecertaintopuniversitiesappearalotbetter

41.Noneoftheauthofsjobinterviewerscaredwhichcollegeshewentta

42.Theauthorthinksshedidtherightthinginchoosingalessprestigiousuniversity.

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43.Inordertobeadmittedtoaprestigiousuniversitytheauthortookpartinvariousextracurricular

activitiesandattendedtestpreparationcourses

44Theauthorlikedheruniversitywhichwasnotprestigiousbutlessexpensive

45.Collegesarereluctanttoadmitthatgraduatestodayareinheavierdebt

SectionC

Directions：Thereare2passagesinthissecticnEachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatementsForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecentre

passageone

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage

EconomicaLlyspeaking,arewebetteroffthanweweretenyearsago?Twentyyearsago?

Intheirthiistforevidenceonthisissue,commentatorsseizedontherecentreportbythe

CensusBureau,which.foundthataverage,householdincomeroseby5.2%in2015.

Unfortunately,th1atconclusionoutstoomuchweightpnausefiil,butflaweaandincomolete,

statisticAmongthemoresignificantproblemswiththeCensussmeasurearethat：1)it

excludes,taxes,transfers,andcompensationlikeemployer^providedhealthinsurance；and

2)itisbasedonsurveysratherthandataEvenifpreciselymeasured,incomedataexclude

importantdeterminantsofeconomicwell-being,suchasthehoursofworkneededtoearnthat

mcome.

Whilethinkingaboutthequestion,wecameacrossarecentlypublishedarticlebyCharles

JonesandPeterKIenow,whichproposesaninterestingnewmeasureofeconomicwelfare.

Whilebynomeansperfect,itisconsiderablymorecomprehensivethanaverageincome,

takingintoaccountnotonlygrowthinconsumptionperpersonbutalsochangesinworking

time,lifeexpectancy,andinequalityMoreover,itcanbeusedtoassesseconomic

performancebothacrosscountriesandovertime.

TheJones-Klenowmethodcanbeillustratedbyacross-countryexampleSupposewewant

tocomparetheeconomicwelfareofcitizensoftheU.S.andFrancein2005.

In2005,astheauthorsobserve,realconsumptionperpersoninFrancewasonly60%

ashighastheU.S.,makiln2005,astheauthorsobserve,realconsumptionperpersonin

Francewasonly60%ashighastheU.S.,makingitappearthatAmericanswereeconomically

muchbetteroffthantheFrenchonaverage.However,thatcomparisonomitsotherrelevant

factors：leisuretime,lifeexpectancy,andeconomicinequality.TheFrenchtakelonger

vacationsandretireearlier,sotypicallyworkfewerhours；theyenjoyahigherlife

expectancy,presumablyreflectingadvantageswithrespecttohealthcare,diet,lifestyle,

andthelike；andincomeandconsumptionaresomewhatmoreequallydistributedthere

thanintheU.S.Becauseofthesedifferences,comparingFrancersconsumptionwiththe

U.S.'soverstatesthegapineconomicwelfare

SimilarcalculationscanbeusedtocomparetheU.SandothercountriesForexample,this

calculationputseconomicwelfareintheUnitedKingdomat97%ofU.S.levels,butestimates

Mexicanwe『beingat22%.

TheJones-Klenowmeasurecanalsoassessaneconom/sperformanceovertime.According

tothismeasure,asoftheearl尸ermid_2000s,theU.S.hadthehighesteconomicwelfareofany

largecountry.Since2007,economicwelfareintheU.Shascontinuedtoimprove.However,

thepaceofimprovementhasslowedmarkedly.

Methodologically,thelessonfromtheJones-Klenowresearchisthateconomicwelfareis

multi-dimensionaLTheirapproachisflexibleenoughthatinprincipleotherimportantquality^of-

lifechangescouldbeincorporated-forexample,decreasesintotalemissionsofpollutantsand

declinesincrimerates

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46.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthe2015reportbytheCensusBureau?

A)Itisbasedonquestionablestatistics

B)Itreflectstheeconomicchanges

C)Itevidencestheimprovedwelfare

D)Itprovidesmuchfoodforthought

47.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheJones-Klenowmethod?

A)Itiswidelyusedtocomparetheeconomicgrowthacrosscountries

B)Itrevolutionizesthewayofmeasuringordinarypeopldslivelihood

C)Itfocusesonpeopldsconsumptionratherthattheiraverageincome.

D)Itisamorecomprehensivemeasureofpeopldseconomicwell-being.

48.WhatdoJonesandKIenowthinkofthecomparisonbetweenFranceandtheU.Sintermsof

realconsumptionperperson?

A)Itreflectedtheexistingbiggapbetweenthetwoeconomies

B)Itneglectedmanyimportantindicatorsofpeopldswelfare

C)Itcoveredupthedifferencesbetweenindividualcitizens.

D)Itfailedtocountintheirdifferenceinnaturalresources

49.WhatisanadvantageoftheJonesH(lenowmethod?

A)Itcanaccuratelypinpointacountryscurrenteconomicproblems.

B)Itcanhelptoraisepeopldsawarenessoftheireconomicwell-being.

C)Itcandiagnosethecausesofacountrysslowingpaceofeconomicimprovement

D)Itcancompareacountryseconomicconditionsbetweendifferentperiodsoftime

50.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutAmericanpeopldseconomicwell-being?

A)ItismuchbetterthanthatoftheirEuropeancounterparts

B)Ithasbeenonthedeclineeversincetheturnofthecentury

C)IthasnotimprovedasmuchasreportedbytheCensusBureau.

D)Ithasnotbeenaccuratelyassessedandreportedsincemid-2000s.

PassageTwo

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Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ifyouveeverstartedasentencewith,z，IfIwereyou..〃orfoundyourselfscratchingyourhead

atacolleaguesagonyoveradecisionwhentheansweriscrystal-^cleai;theresascientificreason

behinditOurowndecision-makingabilitiescanbecomedepletedoverthecourseoftheday

causingindecisionorpoorchoices,butchoosingonbehalfofsomeoneelseisanenjoyabletask

thatdoesntsufferthesamepitfalls

Theproblemiszzdecisionfatigue,zzapsychologicalphenomenonthattakesatollonthequality

ofyourchoicesafteralongdayofdecisionmaking,saysEvanPolman,aleadingpsychologist

Physicianswhohavebeenonthejobforseveralhoursforexample,aremorelikelyto

prescribeantibioticstopatientswhenifsunwisetodosa^Presumablyit;sbecauseitssimpleand

easytowriteaprescriptionandconsiderapatientcaseclosedratherthaninvestigate

further;"Polmansays

ButdecisionfatiguegoesawaywhenyouaremakingthedecisionforsomeoneelseWhen

peopleimaginethemselvesasadvisersandimaginetheirownchoicesasbelongingtosomeoneelsg

theyfeellesstiredandrelylessondecisionshortcutstomakethosechoicestz，Bytakinguponthe

roleofadviserratherthandecisionmaker;onedoesnotsuffertheconsequencesofdecision

Mtigue/'hesaysiz，Itisasifthereissomethingfunandliberatingaboutmakingsomeoneelses

choice〃

Gettinginputfromothersnotonlyomrsafreshperspectiveandthoughtprocess,itoftenalso

includesriskierchoices.Whilethissoundsundesirablyitcanbequitegood,saysPolman"when

peopleexperiencedecisionfatigue-^vhentheyaretiredofmakingchoicesH;heyhaveatendency

tochoosetogowithstatusquo(現(xiàn)狀),〃hesays."Butthestatusquocanbeproblematic,sincea

changeinthecourseofactioncansometimesbeimportantandleadtoapositiveoutcome.〃

Inordertoachieveasuccessfuloutcomeorreward,somelevelofriskisalmostalways

essential"peoplewhoaresusceptibletodecisionfatiguewilllikelychoosetodonothing

oversomething〃hesays.^Thafsnottosaythatriskisalwaysgood,butitisrelatedtotakingaction,

whereasdecisionfatigueassuredlyleadstoinactionandthepossiblechagrin(懊惱)ofa

decisionmakerwhomightotherwisepreferanewcoursebutisunfor