第一部分:高考模塊Q

模塊I閱讀理解

分類突破e典型分析

題型1細(xì)節(jié)理解題

母典考題

(2019?全國(guó)m卷,A篇)

OPENINGSANDPREVIEWS

AnimalsOutofPaper

YololProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhich

anorigami(折紙術(shù))artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.

MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.12.(WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165

W.86thSt.212-868-4444.)

TheAudience

HelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan,aboutQueenElizabethIIofthe

UKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.

StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.Previewsbegin

Feb.14.(Schoenfeld,236W.45thSt.212-239-6200.)

Hamilton

Lin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthe

birthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.

OpensFeb.17.(Public,425LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.)

OntheTwentiethCentury

KristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComden

andAdolphGreen,aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestarslove

duringacross-countrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects,forRoundaboutTheatre

Company.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.(AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227W.42ndSt.

212-719-1300.)

21.WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?

A.Atypeofart.B.Ateenagersstudio.

C.Agreatteacher.D.Agroupofanimals.

22.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience

A.HelenMirren.B.PeterMorgan.

C.DylanBaker.D.StephenDaldry.

23.WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?

A.AnimalsOutofPaper.

B.TheAudience.

C.Hamilton.

D.OntheTwentiethCentury.

語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀于文介紹了四場(chǎng)演出的主要內(nèi)容、導(dǎo)演、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。

答案與解析

21.A細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)/ma/sOut0/,尸初er中的uProductionsandtheGreatGriffon

presenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigamiartistinvitesateenagetalent

andhisteacherintoherstudio.w可知，這部戲劇主要是和一種折紙藝術(shù)有關(guān)。

22.D細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)The中的uStephenDaldrydirects.w可知答案。

23.C細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)力加〃中的uLin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalabout

AlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.”

可知,音樂(lè)劇為加”?！ㄍㄟ^(guò)一個(gè)移民故事展示了美國(guó)的誕生。

電題探究

1.全國(guó)卷設(shè)問(wèn)形式

(l)Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?(2019,全國(guó)I卷,C篇)

(2)WhatdotheNASAengineersdoforthestudentsintheprogram?(2019,全國(guó)II卷,D

篇)

(3)Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?(2019?全國(guó)HI卷，D篇)

2.正確選項(xiàng)特征

(1)同義替換。替換原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞。

(2)詞性或者語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。

(3)語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)化。筒化原文中的復(fù)雜語(yǔ)言,使之成為正確答案。

(4)正話反說(shuō)。把原文中的意思反過(guò)來(lái)表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)(適用于尋找錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的題目)。

3.干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)

(1)將原文內(nèi)容擴(kuò)大或縮小。把原文中的限定詞去掉或替換,使該選項(xiàng)看似正確。

(2)把未然當(dāng)已然。改變文中某句話的時(shí)態(tài),如把將來(lái)時(shí)變成現(xiàn)在時(shí),把未發(fā)生的事情當(dāng)成已

發(fā)生的事情。

(3)無(wú)中生有。即選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是根據(jù)主觀想象或推測(cè)得出的結(jié)論，而文中并未涉及。

(4)偷換概念。把原來(lái)做該事的“張三”換成“李四”.

益霸心得

巧用“導(dǎo)讀法”快速定位細(xì)節(jié)

做細(xì)節(jié)題時(shí)，一般采用導(dǎo)讀法,即先讀題,然后帶著題干信息快速瀏覽全文,找出與問(wèn)題

有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)或句子,再對(duì)相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行比較、分析,最后得出答案。

做題時(shí)注意同一語(yǔ)義的不同表達(dá)方式,有時(shí)為了增加試題的難度，問(wèn)題的表達(dá)一般不用

文章中的原話，而是使用同義詞、近義詞、句型的變換來(lái)表達(dá)。因此，一定要先看題干，理清

問(wèn)題所在。

題型2推理判斷題

等典考題

（2019?全國(guó)I卷，C篇）Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,

themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物測(cè)量）technologies-likefingerprint

scans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesare

stillexpensive,though.

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice

（裝置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardprecisely

measuresthecadence（節(jié)奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplyto

eachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthings

liketheforceofauserstypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatterns

areuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeoplesidentities,

andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputeritsconnected

to-regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.

Italsodoesntrequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeopleareatalready

familiarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.

Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstype

theword“touch“fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevice

couldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withvery

lowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbepretty

straightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-like

parts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.

28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?

A.Toreducepressureonkeys.

B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.

C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.

D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.

29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?

A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.

B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.

C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.

D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.

30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?

A.It11beenvironment-friend1y.

B.It11reachconsumerssoon.

C.It11bemadeofplastics.

D.It11helpspeeduptyping.

31.Whereisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?

A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.

C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.

語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀I本文介紹了一種防止個(gè)人身份信息和數(shù)據(jù)在電子空間被盜的高科技智能鍵

盤。

答案與解析

28.D細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第1段最后一句和第2段第1句可知,研發(fā)智能鍵盤的目的是降低保護(hù)

個(gè)人電子空間的成本。

29.C細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2段的內(nèi)容以及第3段最后一句可知，人與人打字的模式不同,才使得

這一發(fā)明能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)其功能。

30.B細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句可知,實(shí)現(xiàn)智能鍵盤商業(yè)化很容易，并且其造價(jià)并不昂

貴,因此研發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)希望在不久的將來(lái)能將其投放市場(chǎng)。

31.D推斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了一種防止個(gè)人身份信息和數(shù)據(jù)在電子空間被盜的

高科技智能鍵盤，由此可推斷，本文最有可能刊登在（科學(xué)）雜志上。

1.全國(guó)卷設(shè)問(wèn)形式

（1）WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaleysprojectisto.（2019,全國(guó)

I卷,B篇）

（2）WhatisthepurposeoftheHUNCHprogram?（2019?全國(guó)H卷，D篇）

（3）WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?（2019,全國(guó)Hl卷，B篇）

2.明解題策略

(1)根據(jù)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié),合理推斷信息。

(2)推斷作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。

(3)推測(cè)寫作目的

①根據(jù)文體類別推斷，如t。entertainreaders(娛樂(lè)讀者，讓人發(fā)笑)常見于故事類的文

章；t。persuadereaders(說(shuō)服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn))常見于廣告類的文章；t。inform

readers(告知讀者某些信息)多見于科普類、新聞報(bào)道類、文化類或社會(huì)類的文章。

②根據(jù)寫作手法推斷。作者在文章開頭提出問(wèn)題讓讀者思考,或簡(jiǎn)單介紹與主題有關(guān)的其他

事物，目的往往是引出主題。

(4)解題時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

①直接陳述文章內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)不能選,要選擇根據(jù)文章推理出來(lái)的選項(xiàng)。

②推理不是憑空猜測(cè),而是立足已知推斷未知，因此正確選項(xiàng)一定能在文中找到依據(jù)或理由。

③不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的想法,脫離原文的主觀臆斷都是錯(cuò)誤的。

3.干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)

(1)顛倒是非:選項(xiàng)的結(jié)果與推斷出來(lái)的正確結(jié)果相反；

(2)照搬原文:原文里有相關(guān)的直接信息，不需要經(jīng)過(guò)推斷；

(3)推理過(guò)度:把文章中的一些個(gè)案絕對(duì)化、擴(kuò)大化；

(4)無(wú)中生有:捏造原文中并不存在的信息,并以此作為依據(jù)進(jìn)行推斷。

母霸心得

忠于原文，合理推斷

推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，但答案的依據(jù)一定在原文中，因此在推理

過(guò)程中一定要忠于原文,在文中尋找并確定可推斷的依據(jù)，即已知部分一一推斷的前提,從中

推出未知部分一一推斷的結(jié)論。這就要求考生不僅要讀懂所涉及的每個(gè)句子的意思,推斷出

它們之間的關(guān)系,而且要結(jié)合自己的生活常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn),通過(guò)邏輯推理和判斷理解文章的話外

之音,言外之意。

做推理判斷題時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與原文相同,不需要經(jīng)過(guò)推斷,這樣的選項(xiàng)直接排除。

2.絕對(duì)化、擴(kuò)大化的選項(xiàng)要排除。

3.與文章基調(diào)不相符的結(jié)論也要淘汰。

4.推斷時(shí)要客觀,忠于原文，不要受主觀意識(shí)的影響。

題型3主旨大意題

（2019,全國(guó)II卷,D篇）Bacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.The

microorganisms（微生物）fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesofthe

InternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.

HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?Itsturningtoabunchofhigh

schoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.ItisdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschool

classrooms,liketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadat

FairportHighSchoolinFairport,NewYork.

HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.For

thepasttwoyears,Gordonsstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriain

zerogravity,andtheythinktheyreclosetoasolution（解決方案）.“Wedont

givethestudentsanybreaks.TheyhavetodoitjustlikeNASAengineers,“says

FlorenceGold,aprojectmanager.

uTherearenotests,“Gordonsays.aThereisnogradedhomework.Therealmost

arenogrades,otherthan'Areyouworkingtowardsyourgoal?,Basically,its

’Ivegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendoftheyear,presentit

toNASA.'Engineerscomeandreallydoanin-personreview,and...itsnotavery

nicethingattimes.Itsahardbusinessreviewofyourproduct.”

GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpact（影響）oncollegeadmissionsand

practicallifeskills."ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjust

sitback.Idontteach."Andthatannoyingbacteria?Gordonsayshisstudents

areemailingdailywithNASAengineersabouttheproblem,readyingaworkable

solutiontotestinspace.

32.WhatdoweknowaboutthebacteriaintheInternationalSpaceStation?

A.Theyarehardtogetridof.

B.Theyleadtoairpollution.

C.Theyappearindifferent,forms.

D.Theydamagetheinstruments.

33.WhatisthepurposeoftheHUNCHprogram?

A.Tostrengthenteacher-studentrelationships.

B.Tosharpenstudentscommunicationskills.

C.Toallowstudentstoexperiencezerogravity.

D.Tolinkspacetechnologywithschooleducation.

34.WhatdotheNASAengineersdoforthestudentsintheprogram?

A.Checktheirproduct.

B.Guideprojectdesigns.

C.Adjustworkschedules.

D.Gradetheirhomework.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.NASA:TheHomeofAstronauts

B.Space:TheFinalHomeworkFrontier

C.Nature:AnOutdoorClassroom

D.HUNCH:ACollegeAdmissionReform

語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀|本文介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局的HUNCH計(jì)劃。參與這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的高中生制作

供美里國(guó)家網(wǎng)宣航天局使用的產(chǎn)品,此計(jì)劃的目的是把航天技術(shù)與學(xué)校教育結(jié)合起來(lái)。

答案與解析

32.A推斷題。根據(jù)第1段第2句可知，國(guó)際空間站里宇航員自身攜帶的微生物會(huì)不受控制

地增長(zhǎng)，宇航員們每周要花費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)清理這些微生物，由此可推斷出，國(guó)際空間站里的細(xì)菌很

難清除。

33.D推斷題。根據(jù)第2段第1句和文章最后一句可知,HUNCH計(jì)劃的目的是把航天技術(shù)與

學(xué)校教育結(jié)合起來(lái)。

34.A細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第3段最后兩句可知,美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局的工程師們會(huì)親自審查學(xué)生

們制作的產(chǎn)品。

35.B主旨題。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局的HUNCH計(jì)劃，此計(jì)劃的目的是把航天

技術(shù)與學(xué)校教育結(jié)合起來(lái)。在這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃里,學(xué)生們通過(guò)制作供美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局使用的產(chǎn)

品探索無(wú)疆的太空,因此B項(xiàng)最適合做文章的標(biāo)題。

1.全國(guó)卷設(shè)問(wèn)形式

（l）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?（2019,全國(guó)I卷，D篇）

（2）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?（2019?全國(guó)H卷,C篇）

(3)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?(2019?全國(guó)HI卷，B篇)

2.抓大意四大技巧

(1)歸納要點(diǎn)抓大意。適用于沒(méi)有明顯主題句的文章或段落。

(2)從段落中抓大意。適用于主題句位于文章或段落中間的文章。

(3)讀首句抓大意。適用于主題句出現(xiàn)在開頭的文章，如說(shuō)明文、議論文、科技文獻(xiàn)和新聞報(bào)

道。

(4)讀尾句抓大意。適用于主題句出現(xiàn)在段/篇尾的文章。

3.干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)

(1)概括不夠。以部分代整體，從而導(dǎo)致范圍太小。

(2)過(guò)度概括。人為擴(kuò)大范圍。

(3)以事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)代替抽象的大意。

尊霸心得

要選好標(biāo)題,需要了解標(biāo)題的寫作方式。一般來(lái)說(shuō),標(biāo)題的寫作方式是以話題為核心,將

控制性概念的詞按一定的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則濃縮為概括主題句句意或中心思想的短語(yǔ)。

比如某——文章的中心句子:Coffeeisauniversalbeveragethatisservedin

differentwaysaroundtheworld.

話題:Coffee

控制性概念:isauniversalbeveragethatisservedindifferentwaysaroundthe

world

標(biāo)題:CoffeearoundtheWorld

題型4詞義推斷題

（2019?全國(guó)II卷，B篇）“Youcanusemeasalastresort（選擇），andifnobodyelse

volunteers,thenIwilldoit."ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIput

out.arequestforvolunteersformykidslacrosse（長(zhǎng)曲棍球）club.

Iguessthattheresprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxiety

aroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.

SoItryagainandlugatihehearlslrings.1mentionthesingleparentwithfour

kidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsarent

evenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright。Yes,I11do

it.”

ImsecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowtheresrealpowerinsharingvolunteer

responsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sends

outemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,

thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisable

tofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookfor

anotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexciting

aswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.

Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomesto

aclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeople

keepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity（ttE）asyoufreelygiveyour

time,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelsso

good.

Inthatsense,ImprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanId

freelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomereward

too,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?

24.WhatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinParagraph1?

A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.

B.Sheisntgoodatsports.

C.Shejustdoesntwanttovolunteer.

D.Shesunabletomeetherschedule.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstringsinParagraph2mean?

A.Encourageteamwork.

B.Appealtofeelings.

C.Promotegooddeeds.

D.Provideadvice.

26.WhatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromParagraph3?

A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.

B.Sheisproudofherkids.

C.She11workforanotherseason.

D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.

27.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?

A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.

B.Itmakesherveryhappy.

C.Itenableshertoworkhard.

D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.

語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀|本文講述了作者成功說(shuō)服一位本不愿意參與志愿者工作的家長(zhǎng)參加長(zhǎng)曲棍

球社團(tuán)場(chǎng)愿意活動(dòng)的故事。

答案與解析

24.C推斷題。根據(jù)第1段這位家長(zhǎng)說(shuō)的話以及第2段的陳述可知1,這位家長(zhǎng)的言外之意就

是她不愿意做志愿者。

25.B詞義推斷題。由上文可知，作者猜測(cè)這位家長(zhǎng)對(duì)于參與一項(xiàng)不熟悉的運(yùn)動(dòng)可能有一些

顧慮，作者需要說(shuō)月艮她。由"Imentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshow

andItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsarentevenon...”可知，

作者提到了一位有四個(gè)孩子的單親家長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)該活動(dòng)，以及一位父親即便自己孩子沒(méi)有加入球

隊(duì),也給該球隊(duì)執(zhí)教。由此可推斷出作者是想從感情上打動(dòng)這位家長(zhǎng)。

26.D細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第3段第2、3句可知，這位家長(zhǎng)后來(lái)成為社團(tuán)里的一個(gè)好幫手。

27.B細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第4段最后兩句可知，做志愿者使作者很快樂(lè)。

1.全國(guó)卷設(shè)問(wèn)形式

(l)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"stumbles"inParagraph2referto?(2019?全

國(guó)I卷,B篇)

(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstringswinParagraph2

mean?(2019?全國(guó)H卷,B篇)

2.明解題策略

(D利用構(gòu)詞法推測(cè)

英語(yǔ)中有大量的單詞是通過(guò)合成或加前后綴構(gòu)成的，構(gòu)詞法是判斷生詞意義的一種快速有效

的解題方法。

(2)利用語(yǔ)境及邏輯關(guān)系推測(cè)

利用上下文語(yǔ)境和上下句之間的關(guān)系來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義。同時(shí)要特別留心某些詞語(yǔ)，如。r、that

is(tosay)、inotherwords、including、although、but>evenif>ontheotherhand>

onthecontrary>otherthan、ratherthan、morethan、insteadof等。

(3)利用同義解釋推測(cè)

同義解釋形式多樣，有的利用定義，有的利用。r、thatis(tosay)、inotherwords、namely

等引出后面的解釋，有的利用破折號(hào)、同位語(yǔ)(從句)、定語(yǔ)從句或同義詞、近義詞等引出后

面的解釋。

(4)利用常識(shí)及生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)推測(cè)

考生要運(yùn)用非語(yǔ)言知識(shí)提示來(lái)提高分析能力,力圖理解閱讀中的生詞，以明確把握作者的意

圖。

3.干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)

(1)對(duì)原意表達(dá)方式的不正確改寫。

(2)故意丟三落四，釋意不完整。

(3)半對(duì)半錯(cuò)。

(4)曲解原意。

母霸心得

1.高考英語(yǔ)文章中允許出現(xiàn)一部分生僻詞，但是它們不影響考生對(duì)文章整體意思的理解。

生僻詞的推測(cè)是高考常涉及的一個(gè)考點(diǎn),考生可以通過(guò)上下文來(lái)推測(cè)生詞的詞義。這些詞往

往不是孤立存在的,在上下文中都有相關(guān)的敘述。

2.句意猜測(cè)題通常需要考生推測(cè)一個(gè)具有概括性的句子或格言、諺語(yǔ)等。這要求考生通

過(guò)閱讀文章,用合適的語(yǔ)句對(duì)其進(jìn)行直接的或解釋性的描述,難度略大。做這類題時(shí),考生可

在對(duì)上下文語(yǔ)境有一定了解的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用排除法做題,先排除那些與文章基調(diào)不同的選項(xiàng)，

而正確選項(xiàng)往往是對(duì)上下文的總結(jié)和概括，與文章基調(diào)一致。

分類突破e制變式翅

高考話題1廣告應(yīng)用

Passage1

（2019?北京卷，A篇）Wanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleanddo

somethingworthwhileatthesametime?YoucandoallthethreewithGlobal

DevelopmentAssociation（GDA）.Whateverstageoflifeyoureat,whereveryougoand

whateverprojectyoudoinGDA,you11createpositivechangesinapoorandremote

community（社區(qū)）.

Weworkwithvolunteersofallagesandbackgrounds.Mostofourvolunteersare

aged17-24.Nowweneedvolunteermanagersaged25-75.Theyareextremelyimportant

inthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.Wehavesuchrolesasproject

managers,mountainleaders,andcommunicationofficers.

Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcouldhelptoincreaseacommunitys

accesstosafedrinkingwater,orhelptoprotectvaluablelocalcultures.Youmight

alsodesignanadventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.

Notonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonally,you11also

learnnewskillsandincreaseyourculturalawareness.Youmayhavechancestomeet

newpeoplewho11becomeyourlifelongfriends.

Thissummerwehaveboth4-weekand7-weekprogrammes:

CountrySchedule

4-week

7-weekprogrammes

programmes

Algeria5Jul.-1Aug.20Jun.-7Aug.

Egypt24Jul.-20Aug.19Jun.-6Aug.

Kenya20Jul.-16Aug.18Jun.-5Aug.

South

2Aug.-29Aug.15Jun.-2Aug.

Africa

GDAensuresthatvolunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalproject

partnerswhereourhelpisneeded.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopment

ofpoorandremotecommunities.

ThereisnootherchancelikeaGDAprogramme.Joinusasavolunteermanager

todevelopyourownskillswhilebringingbenefitstothecommunities.

FindoutmoreaboutjoiningaGDAprogramme:

Website:www.glodeve.org

Email:humanresourcesSglodeve.org

1.Whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteermanagers?

A.Toseeklocalpartners.

B.Totakeinyoungvolunteers.

C.Tocarryoutprogrammes.

D.Tofosterculturalawareness.

2.TheprogrammebeginninginAugustwilloperatein.

A.EgyptB.Algeria

C.KenyaD.SouthAfrica

3.ThesharedgoalofGDAsprojectsisto.

A.explorenewcultures

B.protecttheenvironment

C.gaincorporatebenefits

D.helpcommunitiesinneed

語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀GlobalDevelopmentAssociation（GDA）致力于積極地改變貧窮和偏遠(yuǎn)的社

區(qū),在這里能探索新的文化,結(jié)識(shí)新朋友,同時(shí)做一些值得的事。文章為GDA招募志愿者并介

紹了竺夏型,具體項(xiàng)目。

答案與解析|

1.C細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2段第3句以及第3段的內(nèi)容可知，他們的主要職責(zé)是執(zhí)行項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃。

2.D細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)表格中最后一行前兩列可知答案。

3.D細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第1段的內(nèi)容和表格后一段最后一句"Allourprojectsaimtopromote

thedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.w可知，其目標(biāo)就是促進(jìn)偏遠(yuǎn)貧窮社區(qū)

的發(fā)展，即幫助有需要的社區(qū)。

Passage2

（題源：《國(guó)家地理》）

（2020?廣東東莞模擬）Youcaneithertravelorread,buteitheryourbodyorsoul

mustbeontheway.Thepopularsayinghasinspiredmanypeopletoreadorgo

sightseeing.Traveling,justlikereading,isarefreshingjourneyfromthebusy

world.Books,brainfood,cankeepyoucompanyonyourtravel.

NOWAMAJOR

MOTIONPICTURE|

IT?花圈

0I

JACK

KEROUAC!

1.OntheRoad,1957,byJackKerouac

Thebookisagloballypopularspiritualguidebookaboutyouth.Themain

characterinthebookdrivesacrosstheUScontinentwithseveralyoungpeopleand

finallyreachesMexico.Aftertheexhaustingandexcitingtrip,thecharactersin

thebookbegintorealizethemeaningoflife.Thebookcanbeagoodpartnerwith

youtoexploretheUnitedStates.

2.LifeIsElsewhere,1973,byMilanKundera

Jean-JacquesRousseauoncesaid,Manisbornfree,andeverywhereheisin

chains."Thebooktellsayoungartistsromanticbutmiserablelife,abouthow

hereads,dreamsandhasarelationship.Experiencetheartistspassionatelife

inthebookduringatriptoCentralEurope.Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflect

onyourcurrentlife.

3.TheStoriesoftheSahara,1976,bySanmao

ThebooknarratestheauthorssimplebutadventurouslifeintheSaharaDesert,

whichseemsadesolateanddullplace.Thefancynaturalsceneryandlifethere,

alongwiththeauthorsromanticandintensiveemotionswillinspireyoutoexplore

themysteriousland.Readingthebookislikeparticipatinginadialoguewiththe

author,whoissincereandhumorous.

蓮

花

4.Lotus,2006,byAnnbaby

ThisnovelsetinTibet,tellsthreepeoplesstories,eachwiththeirunique

characteristics.Itrevealsmodernpeoplesemotionsandinnerlife,their

confusionaboutlove,andexplorationofBuddhism.Thebookisagoodpartnerto

bringyoutothesacredlandTibet.

1.Whichbookisabouttheexplorationoflifevaluethroughajourney?

A.Lotus.

B.OntheRoad.

C.TheStoriesoftheSahara.

D.LifeIsElsewhere.

2.WhosebookissuitabletoaccompanyyourtriptoGermany?

A.JackKerouac.B.MilanKundera.

C.Sanmao.D.Annbaby.

3.Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Toadvertisefourtravelguidebooks.

B.Tointroducefournovelsabouttraveling.

C.Toarousereadersinterestinreadingbooks.

D.Torecommendfourbookslinkedtodestinations.

語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀|旅行和閱讀一樣，同樣是個(gè)令人耳目一新的過(guò)程,為此，作者給我們推薦了4

本書'來(lái)空受我們的旅途。

答案與解析

1.B細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2段的第1句和最后兩句可知,本書講述了兒個(gè)年輕人通過(guò)旅行來(lái)探索

人生價(jià)值。

2.B細(xì)節(jié)題。本題題干的關(guān)鍵詞為Germany,根據(jù)第3段第3句中的duringatripto

CentralEurope可知答案。

3.D推斷題。根據(jù)第1段可知I,作者想要我們?cè)诼糜蔚臅r(shí)候,帶上這幾本書充實(shí)我們的旅程。

同時(shí)結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可以推斷，作者是想給我們推薦幾本和旅游相關(guān)的書。

Passage3

WelcometotheDinosaurMuseum!

TheDinosaurMuseuminDorchesteristheonlymuseumintheUKdevotedmerely

todinosaursandtheirfascinatingworld.

Themuseumcombineslife-sizedreconstructionsofdinosaurswithfossils（化

石）anddinosaurskeletonstocreateanexcitinghands-onexperience.Hands-on

displayshelptellthestoryofthegiantprehistoricanimalsthatlivedmillions

ofyearsago.

Everyonecanenjoyhimselfinthemuseumandthereisfreeintroductionforall

childrentohelpthemmakethemostoftheirvisit.Life-sizedreconstructionsbeg

tobetouchedbylittlehands—itsencouraged.

RatedasoneofBritainsTop10FamilyMuseumsin2016,theDinosaurMuseum

ispartofanyJurassicCoastexperience.Ithasbeenfrequentlyfeaturedon

televisionandhasbecomenationallyfamousforitsinnovative（倉(cāng)4新的），adventurous

andfriendlyapproach.Themuseumhaswonmanyawardsthroughoutitshistory.

Openingtimes

JanuarytoMarch10amto4pm

ApriltoSeptember10amto5pm

OctobertoDecember10amto4pm

Closed13thto26th

December

Lastadmissionis1hourbeforeclosing.

Admissionprices

Adults￡8.50

Children￡6.50

Family(2ad+2ch)￡25.99

Childrenunder3FREE

TheDinosaurMuseumshop

Wehavedinosaursineveryshapeandsize,someofwhichcantbefoundin

anywhereelse.Whetheryouarelookingforadinosaurtoy,apresentforyourchildren,

agiftforafossilfanorascientificallyaccuratemodel,wehaveitall.From

asofttoyStegosaurustohighlydetailedSchleichorPapomodel,fromCaptainFlynn

andhisPirateDinosaurstobathtoys,frompuzzlestofossils,fromDVDsto3D

posters,fromEncyclopediastobouncyballs,wehaveitall!

1.WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheDinosaurMuseum?

A.Itstheonlydinosaur-themedmuseumintheworld.

B.Itsanaward-winningmuseumlyinginDorchester.

C.Itwasconsideredtobethebestfamilymuseumin2016.

D.Life-sizedreconstructionsarentallowedtobetouched.

2.WhenarevisitorsallowedtoentertheDinosaurMuseum?

A.At10amonDec.21st.

B.At4:30pmonMay13th.

C.At4pmonAug.15th.

D.At3:30pmonFeb.26th.

3.Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir2-year-oldsonpayinalltovisittheDinosaur

Museum?

A.￡17.00.B.￡21.50.

C.￡23.50.D.￡25.99.

4.ThegoodssoldintheDinosaurMuseumshopare.

A.alluniqueB.cheapandfun

C.ofgoodqualityD.richindiversity

語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)詞多文介紹了位于英國(guó)多切斯特的恐龍博物館的相關(guān)信息。

答案與解析

1.B細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第4段中的"Themuseumhaswonmanyawardsthroughoutitshistory.)

可知答案。

2.C細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文中Openingtimes部分的表格及"Lastadmissionis1hourbefore

closing."可知答案。

3.A推斷題。根據(jù)文中Admissionprices部分的內(nèi)容可知，成年人的票價(jià)為&5英鎊,3歲

以下兒童免費(fèi),故他們總共需要支付的門票價(jià)格為17英鎊。

4.D推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容尤其是第1句可知答案。

境式考題2

Passage1

（2019?全國(guó)I卷,A篇）

NeedaJobThisSummer?

Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudents

findsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.

Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonline

toolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinesses

allyearround.

JobsforYouth

Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbe

eligible（符合條件）forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemployment

alongwithtraining.

Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities（社區(qū)）.

SummerCompany

SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsof

upto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.