銜接點(diǎn)16語法填空（初高考點(diǎn)差異及銜接）初中要求語法填空從命題形式看包括有提示詞和無提示詞兩類,主要測(cè)試學(xué)生初中階段學(xué)過的重點(diǎn)語法項(xiàng)目,重點(diǎn)考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、謂語動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式、代詞、連詞和主從復(fù)合句,兼顧對(duì)形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)、冠詞、介詞和名詞的數(shù)的考查。高中要求文本內(nèi)容對(duì)考生來說既是考試,也是愛國(guó)教育和文明教育,引導(dǎo)考生關(guān)注中外文化、學(xué)習(xí)勵(lì)志人物。從考點(diǎn)上看,動(dòng)詞(時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和非謂語形式)設(shè)題最多,試題較為基礎(chǔ)——謂語動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),以及動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式作狀語和定語為主要考點(diǎn);形容詞和副詞設(shè)題數(shù)量次之;再次是名詞;然后是連詞;最后是主從復(fù)合句、冠詞、介詞、代詞和數(shù)詞【初中名詞考點(diǎn)聚焦】一閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Doyoufindthatyoulearnthingsfasterthanyourparentssometimes?Congratulations!Youcouldberight.Scientistshavefoundthereason1childrengainfasterthanadults.

ScientistsatBrownUniversity,US,foundthatschool-agedchildrengainnewknowledgeand2(skill)fasterthangrown-ups.Thishassomethingtodowithachemical(化學(xué)物質(zhì))calledGABAinourbrains.Itreducesbrainnoisesothatwecanlearnthingsmore3(easy).Italso4(make)newknowledgestaylongerinourheads.

Thescientistsscanned(掃描)thebrainsofchildren(8-11yearsold)andadults(18-35yearsold)before,during,andafterdoing5learningtask.Itturnedoutthatwhenchildrenlearnnewthings,theamountofGABArisesquickly.Butthere'slittlechangeinadults'brains.Thistellsuswhychildrenare6(good)learnersthanadults.

Thefinding,thescientistssaid,shouldencourageteachersandparents7(let)childrenlearnanythingfromridingabike8playinganinstrumentintheirchildhood.Itcouldalso9(use)tohelpadultslearnfasterbyincreasingtheamountofGABAin10(they)brains.ThebestwayofincreasingGABAistogetenoughsleepandexercise.

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.二閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MoreLebanese(黎巴嫩的)StudentsFallinLovewithChineseCulture!“MoreLebanesestudentshaveshowninterestinlearningtheChineselanguageandstudyingChina'sculture,”saidLattouf,1directoroftheConfuciusInstitute.

Lebaneseparentsexpecttheirchildren2(learn)Chineselanguage.Itisgoodformakingfriendsandfindingajobinthefuture,3Chinaissuperineconomyandwinsalotofattention4othercountries.

Duringthecelebrationofthe15thanniversary,studentsshowedtheirgreatinterestinChineseculture.Usuallyspeeches5(give)inChineseandChinesecalligraphy(書法)wasperformedatschool.

“Sofar,studentsattheConfuciusInstitute6(reach)over1000,”Lattoufsaid.“Theywillofferanewone-yearprograminChinesecultureandtranslationinSeptember,mainlycoveringChinese-Arabictranslation,”Lattoufadded7(proud).

TheChineseembassy(大使館)inLebanonshowsgreatsupportandpromisestofindtrainingcentersforstudents.TheConfuciusInstitute'sdirectorsaid,“Wehope8moreLebanesefriends,especiallyyoungpeople,canexperienceoneof9(great)culturesintheworld.Wealsohopeitcandeveloptraditionalfriendshipbetweenthetwo10(country)anddeepenpeople-to-peopleexchanges.”

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.三閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PekingOperaisoneofChina'simportanttraditionalartforms.It1(regard)asoneofthenationaltreasuresofChina.Itwasformedinthelate18thcenturyand2(become)completelydevelopedinthemid-19thcentury.

3isPekingOperasopopularinChina?ThereasonisthatitshowstherichChineseculture,includingwonderfulstories,paintingsandclothes.Ithasfourmain4(kind)ofperformerscalledsheng,dan,jingandchou.Eachof5(they)hasitsownclothesandface-paintings.Face-paintingswithdifferentcolorshavedifferentmeanings.Forexample,youngmale(男性的)charactersareknownasxiaosheng.Laoshengisan6(old)rolethanxiaosheng.Danisafemalerole.Jingisacolorfulface-paintedroleandchouisamaleclown(小丑)role.

PekingOperatellsstories7singingwithdifferentmovements.Someofthemarefromhistorybooks,8mostofthemarefromclassicalnovels.TheperformancetellsstorieswhichhavebeenpasseddownforthousandsofyearsinChinesehistory.

PekingOperahasbecome9importantoperaformforChineseaudiences.IthasevenmadethepeoplefromWesterncountriesinterestedinit.NowadaysmoreandmoreWesternfansbegintolearntheart.SomeevencometoChina10(perform)inpopulartalentshowsonCCTV.

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.【高中名詞考點(diǎn)聚焦】考綱解讀語法填空文本體裁為記敘文或說明文,詞數(shù)為170~240。在文化考查內(nèi)容上,內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)中國(guó)文化,以外國(guó)人的視角來看中國(guó),即“外國(guó)人講自己在中國(guó)的故事”,而非簡(jiǎn)單地介紹中國(guó)文化。保護(hù)環(huán)境的感人故事;介紹國(guó)外博物館的歷史、功能等。文本內(nèi)容對(duì)考生來說既是考試,也是愛國(guó)教育和文明教育,引導(dǎo)考生關(guān)注中外文化、學(xué)習(xí)勵(lì)志人物。從考點(diǎn)上看,動(dòng)詞(時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和非謂語形式)設(shè)題最多,試題較為基礎(chǔ)——謂語動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),以及動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式作狀語和定語為主要考點(diǎn);形容詞和副詞設(shè)題數(shù)量次之;再次是名詞;然后是連詞;最后是主從復(fù)合句、冠詞、介詞、代詞和數(shù)詞?？键c(diǎn)清單高考語法填空試題分兩種:有提示詞和無提示詞。有提示詞的試題考查內(nèi)容包括:動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)以及動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式;名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)變化;形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)變化;詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(如名詞、動(dòng)詞、代詞、形容詞和副詞之間的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換)等。無提示詞的試題考查內(nèi)容包括:根據(jù)上下文填入冠詞、連詞、代詞及介詞等。具體做題技巧見下圖:系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)構(gòu)詞法規(guī)則,研究詞性轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)構(gòu)詞法不但可以幫助考生擴(kuò)大詞匯量,還可以幫助考生通過對(duì)前綴、后綴的識(shí)別來辨別詞類,并且還能幫助我們把相關(guān)聯(lián)的詞匯組合在一起,構(gòu)建系統(tǒng)的詞匯圖。這樣不僅可以提高考生的語法填空能力,還可以提高考生的閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)能力。同時(shí),通過對(duì)近三年涉及詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的試題的研究可以發(fā)現(xiàn),試題有以下三種形式:①形容詞——副詞,如gentle—gently;actual—actually;②動(dòng)詞——名詞,如develop—development;believe—belief;③名詞——形容詞,如wonder—wonderful;meaning—meaningful。考生需系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的基本規(guī)則,依托語篇訓(xùn)練,熟練運(yùn)用前綴、后綴進(jìn)行正確的轉(zhuǎn)換。1.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers(carry)specialsignificance.2.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout(find)thewell-knownpainter.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(畫像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.4.Later，theylearnedtoworkwiththe(season)，plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas,makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.5.Historical(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.6.Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsIhavemadeovertheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,_____becauseIwantto.”7.Thisagingofthepopulationisdriventwofactors.一閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheannualHarbinInternationalIceandSnowSculpture(雕塑)Festival,which

____1____

(official)openedonJanuary5andwillrunthroughnextmonth,hasturnedthecityintoawonderland.Lastyear,morethanamillionvisitors

____2____

(attract)toHarbintoseethehugesculptures

____3____

(create)fromhugeiceblocksandtonsofsnowbyartistsfrom12countries.Intheweeks

____4____

(lead)uptothelatestfestival,hundredsofworkersspenthourscuttingblocksoficefromthenearbySonghuaRiver.Eachpieceweighedupto1,554pounds

____5____

almost261,500m3oficewerecutandtransportedonthespot.Whentheiceandsnowsculpturesarelitupbythousandsoflanterns,theyarevery

____6____

(impress),withthegiantmainsculpturemeasuring108feetinheightandover325feetin

____7____

(long).Fromfantasycastlesandcreatures

____8____

entertainmentsoficonicmonuments,theincredibleiceandsnowsculpturesallowthepublictorelive

____9____

(they)childhood.Manyvisitorssayitis

_____10_____

once-in-a-lifetimeexperienceforthem!二閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Itis1969inChina’sNortheast___1___ZhouZhigang,aconstructionworker,issenttoengageinalarge–scaleconstructionproject.Hiseldestsonanddaughterbecomezhiqing,___2___（leave）theyoungestsonandhismotherathome.FocusingontheupsanddownsofZhou’sfamilyoverfiftyyears,therealisticdrama“ALifelongJourney”hasbeen___3___hugehitonTVandonline.___4___（adapt）fromLiangXiaosheng’snovelofthesamename,whichwontheMaoDunLiteraryPrize,theshow___5___（explore）themesoffamily,friendshipandromanceinabittersweetstory.Manyreviewersdescribetheshow___6___atimemachinetogobacktothepast,reflectinghowwe’vegotthere.The___7___（major）ofthestorytakesplaceinaShantytown（棚戶區(qū)）,Guangzipianrepresentingren,yi,li,zhi,andxin,thefivevirtuesofConfucianism.Inthisdrama,Zhou’sfamilyhastodealwith___8___（society）changesandfitinwiththecountry’srapiddevelopment.AlifelongJourneyshowsviewers___9___ordinaryChinesehaveexperiencedinChina’stransformingfromapoorcountryintoapowerfulone.Itisthekindofshowthattouchesourheartstringswithheartwarmingstoriesandyoucan’taffordtomiss____10____anyway.三閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thispaperisabouthowbluelightisbadforyou.___1___(month)ofstudiesandtesthaveshownthatbluelightcanmake___2___hardforpeopletosleep;thismeansyourbodydoesn'tgettherestit___3___(need).Thiscanthenleadtothingslikeheartproblems,feelingunhappy,and___4___(get)fat.Bluelightisthelightfromyourphoneorcomputer.We___5___(test)twogroupsofpeople,andletthemdodifferentthingsbeforebed:lookataphoneorreadabook.Wefoundthatwhenyoulookataphonebeforebed,youfeelless___6___(tire)andspendlesstimesleeping.Thegoodthingisthatwealsofoundsomethingspeoplecando___7___(stay)awayfromthisproblem.Oneisnottolookataphoneorcomputertwohoursbeforegoingtobed.An-otherthing___8___peoplecandoistogetalotofbrightlightfromthesunduring___9___day.Thiswillhelppeoplesleepatnight.Researchhasshownusalot,butthereiseven___10___(much)thatshouldbedone.Wewillkeeponstudyingthedarksideofbluelighttohelppeopleavoidproblemsitmaybring.四閱讀短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)，或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Everydaymanyteenswakeupafraidofgoingtoschool.Schoolbullying(校園欺凌)isaproblem____1____(affect)millionsofstudents，whichmakeseveryoneworried，notjustthekids.Yetbecauseparents，teachersandotheradultsdon’talwaysseeit，theymaynotunderstand____2____badbullyingcanbe.Schoolbullyingcan____3____(threat)students’physicalandemotionalsafetyatschoolandcaninfluencetheirabilitytolearn.There____4____(be)anumberofthingsyoucandotomakeschoolssafeandpreventbullying.Foryoungerkids，thebestwayofsolvingthebullyingproblemistotell____5____trustedadult.Forteens，thetell-an-adultwaydepends____6____thebullyingsituation.Ifyouseeorhearsomeone____7____(beat)，youshouldstepin____8____(stop)thebullyingrightaway.Ifyoucannotstopitbyyourself，thenfindsomeonewhocan.Itisimportanttokeepthebullyawayfromthepersonheorsheisbullying.Donotforcethetwopartiestobeinthesameroomtogether.Bullyingisaproblemthatcancauseseriousdamageunlesstheproblem____9____(solve)intime.Takeanybullyingthatyouhearaboutvery_____10_____(serious).Youmightevenneedtocallthepoliceinsomesituations.五閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號(hào)單詞的正確形式.OnOctober23,2018,PresidentXiJinpingannouncedtheopeningoftheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge(HZMB)inZhuhai,Guangdongprovince.TheHZMB____1____(locate)atthewatersoftheLingdingSea,isahugesea-crossingproject,linkingHongKong,MacaoandtheChinesemainlandcityofZhuhai.Astheworld’s____2____(long)sea-basedproject,the55-kilometrebridgeistheresultoffiveyearsofresearchandanothernineyearsofbuilding.Ithasbeendescribedasoneoftheseven____3____(wonder)ofthemodernworld.Theproject____4____(make)upofseveralparts.Itisdesignedwith____5____servicelifeof120years.Itcanwithstandverystrongwinds.Thebridge’sengineershadtoconsidermanyenvironmentalfactors____6____(protect)thesurroundingenvironmentwhilebuildingthebridge.Chinesewhitedolphins,an____7____(endanger)speciesthatlivesinthearea,____8____(be)aparticularconcern.TheHZMBwillmake____9____muchmoreconvenienttotravelbetweenthethreeareasitconnects.ItwillbringpeopleinHongKong,MacaoandGuangdongwithina“one-hourlivingcircle”,_____10_____isexpectedtoattractmorevisitors.Itwillbeatransportlinkaswellasasocial,economic,cultural,andtourismconnectionamongthethreeareas.六閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答題卡上。TheHongheHaniRiceTerraces(梯田),insouthernYunnan,China,coverahuge16,603-hectarearea.Theterraces,____1____(know)toalloftheworldnow,weremadeoutofathickforestbytheHanipeople.Theterracesriseatdifferentanglesfromashallow15°____2____asteep75°,formingawonderfullandscape(景觀)that____3____(be)rareintheworld.In2003,theterracedfieldswere____4____(official)recognizedbyUNESCOasaWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritagesite.About1,300yearsago,theHanipeoplefirst____5____(come)tothesteepmountains.Theystruggledagainstthedifficultterrain(地形),successfullycreatingtheterraces,wheretheygrewriceinordertomake____6____(they)living.Overthepast1,300years,theHanipeoplehavedevelopedacomplexsystemofchannels____7____(bring)waterfromtheforestedmountaintops.Theyshowgreatappreciationfornaturalphenomenasuchasrivers,mountains,thesun,fire____8____themoon.Theyhavealsocreatedacompletefarmingsystem____9____involvescattle,ducks,andfishandsupportsthe_____10_____(produce)ofredrice,thearea'smaincrop.Thelandscapechangesthroughtheyear.InApriltheterracesareallgreenasricestartstogrow;inlaterpartsoftheyearitisyellowishbrownasthericeripens.InFebruary,theterracesbecomebareearth,withthewaterreflecting(反射)thesky.七閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語的正確形式填空。AYoungDesigner'sWaytoFashionSuccessChinesedesignerZhangYan,____1____workhasjusthitNewYork'sandChinesecatwalks(T臺(tái)),isslowlybreakingtheoldideaaboutmeninembroidery(刺繡)andfashion.ZhanghassurprisedtheworldwithhisuniqueembroideredQipaos.However,forthe26-year-oldyoungman,hissuccessisnoteasy.____2____(hold)thetinyneedleproperlyinhisbighandwasn't____3____easyjobforZhangintheearlydays.What'smore,hisparentswere____4____(strong)againsthim,thinkingthatembroiderywaswomen'sworkandithadnofuture,____5____Zhangdidnotgiveup.Hebelievesthespiritofcraftsmanshiphasnothingtodowithgender(性別)whenitcomestodreams.Yearsofhishardwork____6____(pay)offsofar.Hisdesignsquicklydrewattentionandevenearnedhimaninvitation____7____the2019NewYorkFashionWeek.Westernaudiencesattheshow____8____(amaze)bythecharmoftheembroideredQipao,sayingitshowedakindofEasternpower.Feelingthathissuccesshasbroughthimasenseofnational____9____(proud),Zhanghopeshisexperiencecanalsohelpinspireteenagers_____10_____(follow)theirdreams."Therearemanywaystoachievesuccess.Aslongasyoukeepgoing,youcanmakeyourdreamscometrue,"hesays.八閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeopleareconfusedby____1____thesenamesmean.Inthe16thcentury,WaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Inthe18thcentury,

Scotlandwasjoined

____2____(create)theKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresulted____3____thefullnamewehavetoday:theUnited

KingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.____4____,mostpeopleprefertousetheshortenedname:TheUK.Althoughthefourcountriesworktogetherinsomeareas,theystillhavesome____5____(different).There

werefoursetsofinvadersandthelastgroupweretheNormans.Theyhadthecastles____6____(build)allroundEnglandandmadechangestolegalsystems.ThecapitalcityLondonis____7____ancientportcitythathasahistory____8____(date)backtoRomantimes.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywill

helpyouunderstandmoreaboutthecountryand____9____traditionsaswellasmakeyourvisitmuch

more_____10_____(enjoy).九閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtothechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term____1____(rest).Instead,sheisearning$6,500adayas____2____modelinNewYork.Sarah____3____(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,____4____hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants____5____(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher____6____(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral____7____(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree____8____engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,"MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school____9____(come)first.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis_____10_____(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodelmymore."一Manymusiclovershaveanopiniononwhatwasthebestyearformusic.Somepeoplesayitwas18241.Beethoven'sSymphonyNo.9wasperformedfirst.Otherpeoplesayitwas1969due2.thehitsongsbytheBeatlesandElvisPresley.Lastmonth,asurvey3.(conduct)byaUKradiostationandfoundthebestyearformusicwas1991.Thisisbecauseofthe4.(prefer)forbandsliketheRedHotChiliPeppersandNirvana.Thereasonfor19915.(be)thesurvey'sbestyearformusiccouldbetheaverageageofthe6.(listen)ofthestation.Themusiclovershavegreatmemoriesof1991,manyof7.wereteenagersatthattime.

Psychologistsbelievepeopletendtosticktothesongsthey8.(hear)whentheywereteenagers.Theywouldbecomepeacefuland9.(energy)listeningtothesesongs.Thesesongsnaturallybecome10.(root)inourimportantmemories.

二AfterorbitingEarthforsixmonths,thethreecrewmembersofChina'sShenzhouXIIImissiondepartedfromtheTiangongspacestationandreturnedtothemotherplanetonSaturdaymorning,finishingthe1.(long)mannedspaceflightinthenation'shistory.

MajorGeneralZhaiZhigang,2.wasthemissioncommander,SeniorColonelWangYapingandYeGuangfu3.(breathe)freshairforthefirsttimeafterthehalf?yearspacejourneyasthehatchofthecapsulewasopenedat10:03am.Thegroundcrewapplaudedasthe4.(astronaut)tookturnstoreportthattheywere5.goodphysicalcondition.

Zhaisaid,“Iamfeelingverygood.Wewanttoreporttothemotherlandandthepeoplethatwehave6.(successful)completedtheShenzhouXIIImission.WewishtothankPresidentXiforhiscareandattention.WethankalltheChinesepeoplefortheirsupportand7.(encourage).Ourgratitudealsogoestoallofthose8.(involve)inourmission.”

DuringtheShenzhouXIIImission,thecrewmembersalsocarriedouttwosciencelecturesforChinesestudents.Wang,thefirstChinesewoman9.(live)intheTiangongstation,used10.toycalledBingDwenDweninoneexperimenttodisplayhowobjectsflyinaweightlessenvironment.

三AnewUnitedNationsclimatereportpredictsAfrica'srareglaciers(冰川)willdisappearinthenext20years.Thereport,calledStateoftheClimateinAfrica,1.(release)lastTuesdaybytheUN'sWorldMeteorological(氣象的)Organization(WMO)andotheragencies.Itwarnsthatclimatechangewillbethecauseofthe2.(disappear)glaciersineasternAfrica.

Thereportwarnsthat3.shrinkingglaciersatMountKilimanjaroinTanzania,Kenya