第四講主謂一致Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)知識回顧1.主謂一致是指(1).語法形式上要一致，即主單謂單，主復謂復。(2).意義上要一致，即主語意義上的單復數(shù)要與謂語的單復數(shù)形式一致。(3).就近原則，即謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語。2.具體規(guī)則(1).兩個單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞用and連接，表示兩個不同的概念時，謂語用復數(shù)。Eg:Readingandwritingareveryimportant.(2).當主語由and連接時，指同一人或同一物時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，and此時連接的兩個詞前只有一個冠詞。Eg:Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourlife.(3).當there/herebe句型的主語時一系列事物時，謂語應與最鄰近的主語保持一致。Eg:Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.※(4).當either...or...與neither...nor...連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞與最鄰近的主語保持一致。（就近原則）Eg:Eitheryouorsheistogo.※(5).當主語后面跟有with,togetherwith,like,except,but,nolessthan,aswellas等詞引起的短語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語一致。（就遠原則）Eg:HeaswellasIwantstogoboating.(6).表示金錢，時間，價格或度量衡的復合名詞作主語時，通常把這些名詞看作一個整體，謂語一般用單數(shù)。Eg:Threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.(7).在代詞what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等詞的單復數(shù)由其指代的詞的單復數(shù)決定。Eg:Allisright.(8).集體名詞作主語時，謂語的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語的意思來決定，如family,audience,crew,crowd,class,pany,mittee等詞后用復數(shù)形式時，意為這個集體中的各個成員，用單數(shù)形式時表示該個集體。Eg:Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.Hisfamilyisn’tverylarge.(9).anumberof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+動詞復數(shù)Eg:Anumberofbooksareinthelibrary.(10).Thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+動詞單數(shù)Eg:Thenumberofthestudentsis50.(11).用halfof,partof,mostof,aportionof等詞引起主語時，動詞通常與of后面的名詞，代詞保持一致Eg:Mostofhismoneyisspentonbooks.(12).在一些短語，如manya或morethanone所修飾的詞作主語時，謂語動詞多用單數(shù)形式，但由morethan...of作主語時，動詞應與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致。Eg:Manyapersonhasreadthenovel.(13).不定式（短語），動名詞（短語），或從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Eg:Readingbooksisagoodhabit.(14).名詞如trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses等作主語時，謂語動詞必須用復數(shù),但這些名詞前若出現(xiàn)apairof,謂語一般用單數(shù)。Eg:Hisclothesaregood.Apairofglassesisnecessaryforthosepeoplewhoareshortsighted.PartA基礎(chǔ)達標Ⅰ.單項選擇1.Readingbooksinthesunbadforyoureyes.A.areB.isC.wereD.be2.Onethirdofthepeopleworkers.A.areB.isC.wereD.be3.Writingnovelsherfavoritehobby.A.isB.areC.beD.were4.71%oftheearth’ssurfacecoveredwithwater.A.areB.beC.wereD.is5.Thereapencilinthepencilbox.A.areB.hasC.haveD.is6.Theremanystudentsandateacherintheclassroom.A.amB.isC.areD.have7.NeitherJohnnorIinterestedinplayingbasketball.A.beB.areC.isD.am8.Climbinghillsgoodforourhealth.A.areB.isC.wasD.were9.It____Iwho_____leavingforLondon.A.is…isB.am…isC.is…amD.am…am10.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory____yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided11.Mathematics____thelanguageofscience.A.areB.aregoingtobeC.isD.istobe12.Eachofthestudents_____aChineseEnglishdictionary.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare13.Theyeach____abeautifulhandkerchief.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare14.Yourtrousers____dirty，youmusthave_____washed.A.is；itB.are；itC.are；themD.is；them15.TheOlympicGames____heldevery____years.A.is；fourB.are；fourC.is；fiveD.are；fivePartB能力提升Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.NeitherMikenorJohn(don’t)likeplayingpiano.2.NeitherhenorI(don’t)likegoingonapicnic.3.EitherheorMary(go)totheplayground.4.NotonlyhebutalsoI(want)towatchthemovie.5.NotIbutTom(hope)togotoEngland.6.TomorJerry(be)goingtobuythehat.PartC思維拓展Ⅰ.選詞填空1.Theirearnings(es,e)to500dollarsaweek.2.Where(is,are)theshears?3.Tidings(has/have)ethattheBritishwarshipwassunk.4.Yoursuspenders(is,are)nothere.5.Thearchives(is,are)notopentothepublic.6.MrStevenson'smorals(is,are)abovecriticism.7.TheremainsofaRomansettlement(was,were)foundbeneaththebrewery.8.Atth