練習(xí)7單句語法填空+閱讀理解

I.單句語法填空(非謂語動(dòng)詞I)

1.[2024?浙江杭州外國(guó)語學(xué)校檢測(cè)]The5Gservicesarenowbeingusedin50cities,Beijing,Shanghai,

GuangzhouandShenzhen(include).

答案與解析：included句意為：目前，包括北京、上海、廣州和深圳在內(nèi)的50個(gè)城市正在使用5G服

務(wù)。include意為“包括，包含”，在此應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，include與其邏輯主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用

過去分詞形式。故填included。

2.[2024?安徽師大附中期中]Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever—increasing

populations,greatly(reduce)waterfowlhabitat.

答案與解析：reducing句意為：數(shù)百萬英畝的濕地被抽干，以為不斷增加的人口提供食物和住所，結(jié)

果大大減少了水禽的棲息地。reduce與其邏輯主語之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語，

故填reducingo

3.[2024?遼寧大連雙基測(cè)試]TheChinesepeoplehavethecustomofstickinguppictures(celebrate)

thetraditionalSpringFestival.

答案與解析：tocelebrate句意為：中國(guó)人有貼年畫來慶祝傳統(tǒng)春節(jié)的習(xí)俗。分析句子成分可知，

thetraditionalSpringFestival充當(dāng)目的狀語，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。故填tocelebrate。

4.[2024?山東煙臺(tái)學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷](build)intheSongDynasty,thetownofferspleasantviewsand

landscapesofancientChina,characterizedbypicturesquecanalscrossedbyarchbridgesandwhitewashedhouses

thatoverlookthewater.

答案與解析：Built句意為：建于宋朝的古鎮(zhèn)提供了美麗的古代中國(guó)景觀，以有拱橋橫跨的如畫般的

運(yùn)河和俯瞰水面的粉刷成白色的房屋為特色。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，build在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，與其

邏輯主語town之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式?？仗幬挥诰涫祝鬃帜敢髮?。故填Built。

5.Lifeislikeridingabicycle.(keep)yourbalance,youmustkeepmoving.

答案與解析：Tokeep生活就像騎自行車。想要保持平衡，你必須不斷前行。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應(yīng)

用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。

6.Childrenabove16areencouragedtotakepartintheseoutdoorrecreationalandsportsactivitiesspecially

(design)forthem.

答案與解析：designed我們鼓勵(lì)十六歲以上的孩子參加這些專為他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的戶外文體活動(dòng)。design與

activities之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用designed作后置定語。

7.Morethan2millionforeigntouristsareexpectedtovisittheUSbytheendoftheyear,

(contribute)alottotheUSeconomy.

答案與解析：contributing根據(jù)句意可知，逗號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是逗號(hào)前的內(nèi)容的一種自然結(jié)果，contribute

與其邏輯主語之間是主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語。

8.Driversarenottheonlyones(blame)fortheirresponsibilitythataccountsformanyofthe

automobileaccidents.

答案與解析：toblame此處為(be)toblame(forsth.)結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“該(因...)受責(zé)備，應(yīng)(為)承擔(dān)責(zé)

任二

9.Manypeoplethinkanygovernmentsworkshouldbeevaluated(base)oncitizens*happiness

level.

答案與解析：based很多人認(rèn)為政府的任何工作都應(yīng)該以市民的幸福水平為基礎(chǔ)來評(píng)價(jià)。on

citizens'happinesslevel在句中作方式狀語，base和government'swork為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞。

10.Guests(invite)tothisinternationalmeetingaremainlyscholars,politicians,andrepresentatives

ofinternationalorganizations.

答案與解析：invited受邀參加這次國(guó)際會(huì)議的賓客主要是學(xué)者、從政者和國(guó)際組織代表。分析句子結(jié)

構(gòu)可知，Guests與invite之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語，故填invited。

II.閱讀理解

A

2024?新課標(biāo)I卷，C議論文333詞★★☆☆☆

Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoand

viewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstoboth

questionsareoften"no”.Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,an

entertainmentmindset（心態(tài)）andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.

Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit'sonpaper

thanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularly

shinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks-likeidentifyingthemainideainareading

passage-toonesthatrequirementalabstraction-suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.

Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper'sphysicalproperties.With

paper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlinktheir

memoryofwhatthey'vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.

Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalledshallowing

hypothesis《愛說）”.Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,

whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.

Audio（音頻）andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothese

technologies一say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshave

demonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorview

identicalpieces.

Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailablein

print.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn't

assumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.

語篇類型：議論文主題語境：人與社會(huì)——科學(xué)與技術(shù)——學(xué)習(xí)媒介的選擇

【語篇解讀】本文探討了有紙化學(xué)習(xí)與無紙化學(xué)習(xí)的區(qū)別，并提出用紙質(zhì)書籍更容易讓人投入、專

心學(xué)，而電子書籍更容易使人分心，故閱讀印刷品比閱讀電子書籍記得更多。

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough^^inparagraph2mean?

A.Seemunlikelytolast.

B.Seemhardtoexplain.

C.Becomereadytouse.

D.Becomeeasytonotice.

答案與解析：D理解詞匯。根據(jù)本段第一句談到當(dāng)閱讀幾百字或更多字的文本時(shí)，有紙化學(xué)習(xí)通常比

在屏幕上學(xué)習(xí)更成功，接著談到大量的研究證實(shí)了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)。故畫線短語所在部分應(yīng)該是指從提出簡(jiǎn)單的

任務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)向需要抽象思維的任務(wù)時(shí)，這種有紙化閱讀的好處尤其明顯，也就是說很容易被注意到，答案為D。

2.Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?

A.Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.

B.Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand.

C.Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.

D?Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.

答案與解析：A理解具體信息。根據(jù)題干中的shallowinghypothesis可以將答案定位在第四段中。根

據(jù)第四段中的"whichareoftennotsoserious”以及"devotelessmentaleffort”可知，在對(duì)待電子文本的時(shí)候，讀

者通常不是很嚴(yán)肅，同時(shí)比閱讀紙質(zhì)文本時(shí)投入的精力要少，即讀者對(duì)電子文本不是很重視，答案為A。

3.Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?

A.Theycanholdstudents*attention.

B.Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare.

C.Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills.

D.Theyaremoreinformativethantext.

答案與解析：A理解具體信息。根據(jù)題干可將解題信息定位在第五段。本段第一句談到音頻和視頻比

文字更吸引人，所以大學(xué)教師越來越多地改用這些技術(shù)，故選A。

4.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.

B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.

C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.

D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.

答案與解析：C推斷。根據(jù)最后一段首先談到電子文本、音頻和視頻都具有教育作用，特別是在提供

紙質(zhì)文本無法提供的資源時(shí)?！癏owever”后提到為了最大限度地進(jìn)行需要集中注意力和反思的學(xué)習(xí)，教育者

不應(yīng)該假設(shè)所有媒體都是一樣的，即使它們包含相同的詞匯。這與倒數(shù)第二段最后一句中的信息意思一致：

當(dāng)成年人閱讀新聞故事時(shí)，他們比聽或看相同的片段能記住更多內(nèi)容，也就是說有紙化學(xué)習(xí)在教育中是不

能完全被取代的，答案為C。A項(xiàng)“學(xué)生們應(yīng)該應(yīng)用多種學(xué)習(xí)技巧”；B項(xiàng)“教師應(yīng)制作自己的教材”；C

項(xiàng)“紙質(zhì)文本在教育中是不能完全被取代的“；D項(xiàng)“課堂外的教育不容忽視”。

B

2024?九省聯(lián)考議論文288詞★★★☆☆

Inhis1936workHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,DaleCarnegiewrote:"Ihavecometothe

conclusionthatthereisonlyonewaytogetthebestofanargument-andthatistoavoidit."Thisdistastefor

argumentsiscommon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonaland

sociallives-andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.

Carnegiewouldberightifargumentswerefights,whichishowweoftenthinkofthem.Likephysicalfights,

verbal（言語的）fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbe

feelingalmostasbadifargumentswereevenjustcompetitions-like,say,tennistournaments.Pairsofopponents

hittheballbackandforthuntilonewinnercomesoutfromallwhoentered.Everybodyelseloses.Thiskindof

thinkingexplainswhysomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments.

However,therearewaystowinanargumenteverytime.Whenyoustateyourposition,formulate（闡述）an

argumentforwhatyouclaimandhonestlyaskyourselfwhetheryourargumentisanygood.Whenyoutalkwith

someonewhotakesastand,askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirviewandspellouttheirargumentfully.Assess

itsstrengthandweakness.Raiseobjections（異議）andlistencarefullytotheirreplies.Thismethodwillrequire

effort,butpracticewillmakeyoubetteratit.

Thesetoolscanhelpyouwineveryargument-notintheunhelpfulsenseofbeatingyouropponentsbutinthe

bettersenseoflearningaboutwhatdividespeople,learningwhytheydisagreewithusandlearningtotalkand

worktogetherwiththem.Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments-fromaverbalfightortennisgametoareasoned

exchangethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother-thenwechangetheverynatureof

whatitmeansto"win"anargument.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。作者闡述了爭(zhēng)論的意義和贏得爭(zhēng)論的方法。

5.Whatistheauthor*sattitudetowardCarnegie*sunderstandingofargument?

A.Critical.B.Supportive.

C.Tolerant.D.Uncertain.

答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中uThisdistasteforargumentsiscommon,butitdependsona

mistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives-andinmanywaysmissesthe

pointofarguinginthefirstplace.（這種對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的厭惡是很普遍的，但它取決于對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的錯(cuò)誤看法，這種觀點(diǎn)會(huì)

給我們的個(gè)人和社會(huì)生活帶來問題——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了爭(zhēng)論的意義。）”可知，作者對(duì)于

Carnegie對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的看法持批判態(tài)度，故選A。

6.Whydomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments?

A.Theylackdebatingskills.

B.Theymayfeelbadeveniftheywin.

C.Theyfearbeingignored.

D.Theyarenotconfidentinthemselves.

答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Likephysicalfights,verbal（言語的）fightscanleaveboth

sidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifarguments

wereevenjustcompetitions-like,say,tennistournaments.（和身體上的打斗一樣，言語上的打斗也會(huì)兩敗俱傷。

即使你贏了，你最終也不會(huì)變得更好。如果爭(zhēng)論只是一場(chǎng)比賽，比如網(wǎng)球比賽，你也會(huì)感覺很糟糕。）”可

知，很多人盡量避免爭(zhēng)論，是因?yàn)榧词冠A了他們也感覺很糟糕，故選B。

7?Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“spellout“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Defend.B.Explain.

C.Conclude.D.Repeat.

答案與解析：B詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線短語所在句“askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirview”可知，

讓他們?yōu)樽约旱挠^點(diǎn)提供依據(jù)，即讓他們充分闡明他們的觀點(diǎn)，spellout意為“解釋明白，講清楚”，故選

Bo

8.Whatisthekeyto“winning“anargumentaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Senseoflogic.

B.Solidsupportingevidence.

C.Prop