BridgingCourse

——初高中英語(yǔ)銜接課程（三）Basicsentencestructures第三講

1.MasterthebasicsentencecomponentsofEnglish.

掌握句子成分。2.Learntoanalyzethestructureofthesentences.

學(xué)會(huì)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

3.Developtheabilitytowritecorrectly.（提升寫作能力）4.Communicatewithothersbyusingprecisesentences.（用正確的句式交流）Learning

objectivesCONTENTS01Introduction03TheEightBasicStructures02TheElementsofSentences04TheClassificationofSentences05Homework01PARToneIntroduction為啥要學(xué)句子類型句子成分？？？我昨晚跟我姐姐去看了電影。Ilastnightwithmysisterwenttoseeamovie.Iwenttoseeamoviewithmysisterlastnight.FT1.Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings)，thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumplingwrappers，encasinghot,__56__(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,are

farandawaymyfavoriteChinese

streetfood.

感受一下2023新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷2.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____57______(bite)asmallhole

initfirst,

releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),____58____to

putthewhole

dumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.

tastytobiteor02PARTTWOTheElementsofSentencessubjectverbobjectpredicativedirectobjectindirectobjectobjectcomplementmainelementsadverbialattributiveusedtomodifyawordorsentence

Whatmakesasentence?Iamtheheadofthefamily.Seeingisbelieving.Tosayisonething,andtodoisanother.Twoindistressmakesthesorrowless.Whathesaidimpressedmealot.Thesunrisesintheeast.代詞動(dòng)名詞不定式數(shù)詞從句（一）主語(yǔ)：放句首。名詞拓展訓(xùn)練1、Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.2、WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.3、One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.

4、Toswiminthepoolisagreatpleasure.5、Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.6、Therichshouldhelpthepoor.7、WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.8、Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.9、Thatheisn’tathomeisnottrue.形式主語(yǔ)真正的主語(yǔ)畫出下列句子中的主語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ):由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組組成Isawtheflag.Helookedafterme.復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shehasn’treceivedthee-mailyet.saw

lookedafter

canspeak

hasn’treceived（二）謂語(yǔ)：主語(yǔ)之后。由動(dòng)詞擔(dān)任三單、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)Ihaveabestfriend.HernameisJenny.Welookaftereachother.Butshedoesn’tliketalkingtoomuch.Shecankeepquietforawholeday.單個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原型情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原型———————————————————————————————拓展訓(xùn)練1、Mybrotheriscryingoverthere.2、Ihavebeenwaitingforyouforalongtime.3、Iwouldstayathomeallday.找出下列句子中的謂語(yǔ)：Object賓語(yǔ)Let'scallit”object”.What'shisname?Iloveyou.Lookatme.賓語(yǔ)分為直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ).Hegaveme

somebooks.↓間接賓語(yǔ)↓直接賓語(yǔ)（三）賓語(yǔ)：放在動(dòng)詞、介詞之后補(bǔ)充跟雙賓的動(dòng)詞（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask,等。（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare,等。拓展訓(xùn)練1、Theyplantedmanytreesyesterday.2、--Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?--Ihavefive.3、Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.4、Iwantedtobuyacar.5、Hepretendednottoseeme.6、Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.7、Ithinkthatheisfitforhisjob.找出下列句子的賓語(yǔ)。Sheaskedthebabytostopcrying.謂語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（四）賓補(bǔ)：常見于固搭中findsthadj\makenadj\asksbtodo\seesbdoing拓展訓(xùn)練找出下列句子的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。1、HisfathernamedhimDongming.2、Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.3、Letthefreshairin.4、Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.5、Wesawherenteringtheroom.6、Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.7、Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.8、Iwantyourhomeworkdoneontime.在系動(dòng)詞后的部分就是表語(yǔ)常見的系動(dòng)詞有:1.be動(dòng)詞：am,is,are,were,was;2.感官動(dòng)詞：feel,smell,taste,sound,look;3.表變化類\表象類的動(dòng)詞：get,grow,turn,become,go,remain，keep,stay,appear,seem.（五）表語(yǔ)：放在系動(dòng)詞之后常見系動(dòng)詞口訣amisarelookfeelsmelltastesoundseemappearbecometurngetgrowgokeepstayremainThewarwasover.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.I’mhappytoday.Whowasthefirst?Heisoutofcondition.overtoknowthetruthhappythefirstoutofcondition請(qǐng)找出下列句子的表語(yǔ)Myfatherboughtaniceredcar.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)（六）定語(yǔ)：修飾或限制名詞或代詞前置定語(yǔ)：形容詞、數(shù)詞。后置定語(yǔ)：詞組、句子Thegirl

inredishissister.Doyouknowthemanwhoshoppedjustnow?sheisanicesister.定語(yǔ)：①修飾名詞或代詞；②前置定語(yǔ)（形容詞\數(shù)詞充當(dāng)）后置定語(yǔ)（短語(yǔ)）③翻譯為”...的“Heisaboy.Therearestudents.Thereisababy.Thegirlishissister.clever4sleepingintheclassroom拓展訓(xùn)練1、TheletteronthedeskisforMrWu.2、Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishismother.3、Weneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.4、Shecarriedabasketfullofeggs.5、It’sacityfarfromthecoast.6、Hehasenoughmoneytobuyacar.7、Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.8、Therearelotsofplacesofinterestneedingrepairinginourcity.口頭翻譯下列句子，標(biāo)出定語(yǔ)成分IwillbebackTheyareplayingHewaslateHegotupsolateintwodays.ontheplayground.becausehegotuplate.thatImissedthetrain.（七）狀語(yǔ)：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、狀態(tài)、結(jié)果、目的、伴隨、程度等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)拓展訓(xùn)練1.Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?2.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.3.Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.4.Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.5.Inordertocatchupwithothers,Imustworkharder.判斷下列劃線部分屬于什么狀語(yǔ)。時(shí)間地點(diǎn)原因伴隨目的ThisisJason,Thenewsworriesus.（同位語(yǔ)從句）myidol.thatheisill

（八）同位語(yǔ)：進(jìn)一步解釋名詞\代詞Let'ssumup總結(jié)八大句子成分主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)Lisaisdancing.→Lisaisdancingwithherprofessionalpartnersinthestagewhichhasbeendecoratedbeautifullynow.感受一下原句：Lisaisdancing.Lisaisdancingnow.Lisaisdancingwithherpartnersnow.Lisaisdancingwithherprofessionalpartnersnow.Lisaisdancingwithherprofessionalpartnersinthestagenow.Lisaisdancingwithherprofessionalpartnersinthestagewhichhasbeendecoratedbeautifully

now.補(bǔ)充：增加定狀（加時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）（加伴隨狀語(yǔ)）（加定語(yǔ)）（加地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）（加定語(yǔ)從句）03TheBasicStructuresPARTTHREEReadthispoemandrecognisethesentencestructures.Springiscoming.

Leavesturngreen.Cowseatgrass.Thespringgivesusawarmhug.Iwillmakethebeautystayinmymindforever.

S十VS十V十PS十V十OS十V十O1十O2S十V十O十CS十V十O主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)S十V主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞S十V十O1十O2主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)S十V十P主系表結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語(yǔ)S十V十O十C主謂賓賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)五大基本句型S+V主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞Myheadaches.不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞不能直接加賓語(yǔ)常見不及物動(dòng)詞：go,come,work,lie,agree等不及物動(dòng)詞加一個(gè)介詞后構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)可以加賓語(yǔ)，如：goto,cometo,workat,liein,agreewith等S十V十P主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)主要用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征，類屬，狀態(tài)，身份等1,Weshould_________________(保持安靜)atanytime.

2,Springcomes.Theweatheris_________________________(變得越來(lái)越暖和)3,

Don'thavethefood,becauseithasalready_________

(變質(zhì)了)。4,Thefact________________________(證明是正確的)。5,Thefood_____________________(嘗起來(lái)很美味).keepsilent/quiet(getting)warmerandwarmergonebadproves/turnsoutrighttastesgood/deliciousIamdog-tired.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)S十V十ODoingmorningexercisesbenefitsourhealth.做早操有益于我們的健康。這個(gè)老師說(shuō)的話深深地感動(dòng)了我。______________________________________________________________________________動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Whattheteachersaidtouchedmedeeply.Iwastoucheddeeplybywhattheteachersaid.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)S十V十O1十O2常用的能接雙賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞有：give,tell,teach,buy,lend,find,leave,sell,show,pay,make,offer,build,pass,wish等Mymothergaveme

abikeasmybirthdaygift.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.間接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)Mymothergaveabiketomeasmybirthdaygift.間接賓語(yǔ)后置與for連用的動(dòng)詞：buy,make,cook,get,choose,sing,find

Heboughtmeapresent.間接賓語(yǔ)后置與to連用的動(dòng)詞：give,lend,teach,take,return,sent,pass

Pleasepasshimacupoftea.Heboughtapresentforme.Pleasepassacupofteatohim.直接賓語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)通常要后置Pleasegivemetheflower.=Pleasegivetheflowertome.Pleasegivethemtome.1.Motherboughtabirthdaycake__________me.2.Handanotherapple______her.Shelikesit.3.Thecompanywillprovidesomedrinks_____thevolunteers.4.Thecompanywillprovidethevolunteers______somedrinks.5.Hisdoctorhadtoldhimto

preparehimself_____theoperation.fortoforwithfor主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)S十V十O十C常用的需要加賓補(bǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞有：call（叫）,choose（選）,find（發(fā)現(xiàn)）,make,name,(命名)等InamedmypetdogPeggy.我給我的寵物狗起名叫佩琪。Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.請(qǐng)保持教室清潔。1.Theyaskedtheteacher____________(explain)itagain.2.Lucyheardherneighbor________(sing),whenshepassedby.3.Theoldmantoldthelittleboy_______(go)home.toexplainsingingtogo4.Imadethenaughtyboy_______(stand)outsidetheroom.standWhenyoumeetalongsentence,divideitintoseveralsmallsentences,findthesentencestructuresofeachsmallsentenceandfinallyyouwillgetthemainideaofthelongsentence.TipsAnalysingthelongsentences1.AfterIhadpictureditoverandoveragaininmymind,thebigdayfinallyarrived:myfirstdayatseniorhigh.結(jié)構(gòu)：翻譯：主+謂+賓我反復(fù)在腦海中想象它之后結(jié)構(gòu)：翻譯：主+謂我高中的第一天終于來(lái)了whenfillinginblanks,weshouldanalyzethesentencestructureandfindoutwhatkindofpartsofspeechshouldbefilled.Tips1.It

wasraininglightlywhenI_________(arrive)inYangshuobeforedawn.2.Confuciusstressedthe_____________(important)ofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.3.Hefelt_______(sleep)inclassbecauseoflackofsleep.arrivedimportancesleepy1.Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings)，thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicate

dumplingwrappers，encasinghot,__56__(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,are

farandawaymyfavoriteChinese

streetfood.

感受一下2023新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷2.Toeatone,youhavetodecide

whether____57______(bite)asmallhole

initfirst，releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出)，____58____toputthewhole

dumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.

tastytobiteor04PARTFOURTheClassificationofSentences連接兩個(gè)同等概念常用and,notonly..