定語從句定語從句起了形容詞的作用，在句中修飾一個名詞或代詞。被修飾的詞叫做先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，他的作用一是放在先行詞與定語從句中間起了連接作用，二是在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分，并與先行詞保持數(shù)的一樣。關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關(guān)系代詞who人主語Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?whom,which和that在從句中做賓語時，?？梢允÷?，但介詞提前時后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略，也不行以用thatwhom人賓語Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking

Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar..whose人，物定語Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.

Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.that人，物主語，賓語Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.which物主語，賓語Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.

Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.as人，物主語，賓語Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.

ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.as做賓語一般不省略關(guān)系副詞when時間時間狀語Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhichwhere地點地點狀語ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhichwhy緣由緣由狀語Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhichII.that與which,who,whom的用法區(qū)分：狀況用法說明例句只用that的狀況1．

先行詞為all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代詞時。

2．

先行詞被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修飾時

3．

先行詞有形容詞最高級和序數(shù)詞修飾時

4．

先行詞既指人又指物時

5．

先行詞被theonly,thevery修飾時

6．

句中已經(jīng)有who或which時，為了避開重復(fù)時1.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.

2.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeengivenout.

3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.

4.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.

5.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.

6.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?只用which,who,whom的狀況1．

在非限制性定語從句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人

2．

在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。

3．

先行詞本身是that時，關(guān)系詞用which,先行詞為those,one,he時多用who。Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.

Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.

Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.III.as與which的區(qū)分：定語從句區(qū)分例句限制性定語從句中名詞前有such和thesame修飾時，關(guān)系代詞用as,不能用whichHeisnotsuchafoolashelooks.

Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.非限制性定語從句中as和which都可以指代前面整個主句。假如有“正如，象”的含義，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放主句后，并無“正如”的意思。Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.

Theywonthegame,whichwehadn’texpected.

Asiswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.IV.限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)分：類別語法意義及特征例句限制性定語從句對先行詞起修飾限制作用，假如去掉，主句意思就不完整明確，這種從句與主句的關(guān)系非常親密，寫時不用逗號分開。TheaccidenthappenedatthetimewhenIleft.非限制性定語從句對先行詞作附加的說明，與主句的關(guān)系不非常親密，較松散。從句和主句之間用逗號分開，相當(dāng)于一個插入語，不能用that引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系代詞做賓語時也不能省略。Hismother,whomheloveddeeply,diedtenyearsago.

定語從句1.Thecharitieshavehelpedmorechildrenwiththemoney_______peopleraise. A.who B.what C.where D.which2.DuFuguoisahero isknowntomillionsofChinesepeople.A.who B.which C.what3.Themovie____IhaveseentwiceisTheWanderingEarth.A.who B.which C.where D.when4.—HaveyouseenthefilmTheWanderingEarth(流浪地球)?—Yes.It'sthebestone______________Ihaveeverseen.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.it5.Iprefer

music_____hasgreatlyrics

A.whoB.

whoseC

.thatD./6.Notallchildren____watchthisvideowillbecomeascientist,butsomemaybecomeinterestedinscience.A.whom B.which C.who D.whose7.—Hey,Anna.WouldyouliketoseeTheWhiteStormwithme?—Youmean,thenewpolicestory_____wasfilmedbyChenMusheng?A.whoB.whatC.whoseD.which8.Sweetwormwood(青蒿)isacommonplantinChinaandTuYouyouisthewoman_________usedthespecialpoweroftheplanttosave__________lives.A.which,millionsof B.who,millionsofC.whose,millionof D.who,millionof9.—Doyouknowtheboyoverthere?—Theone isholdingaball?Oh,that’smyneighborPhil.A.what B.which C. who D.不填10.Thebook___Ireadlastnightwasfantastic.A.thatB.whatC.whoseD.who11.

—Have

you

got

ready

for

the

soccer

game?—Yes.

I’ve

done

everything____I

can

to

win

the

game.A.who B.that C.

which12.—TomorrowisFather’sDay.What’syoursurpriseforyourfather?—Thefirstthing____Iwilldoistomakeacardforhim.A.whoB.whereC.whoseD.that13．Chinaisgettingbetteratmakinghi-techproducts______canbeboughtinallpartsoftheworld. A．who B．which C．what14.Alltheclassmatesenjoyedthecake_________Imadeattheparty.ItwasreallydeliciousA.that B.who C.what15.Mr.Brownisateacherisstrictwithallisstudents.A.whichB.whoC.where16.Sittingdownafterawalkisrelaxing.Butwouldyouliketositonaseat_____tellyouyourweight?A./B.whoC.whomD.that17.–Doyouknowtheman____________spokeatthemeetingjustnow?-No,Idon’tknow. A.what B.who C.which D.whose18．（1分）﹣﹣Frank，look!Whoarethechildrenunderthetree___waitinginaline？﹣﹣TheyarethestudentsfromNo．1PrimarySchool．A．thatare B．whereare C．whichis D．whois19.A.who B.whom C.whose D.which20.Thebook______waswrittenbyhimisveryinteresting.A.whoB.whom