高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省七校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Takethepotoff.B.Switchtolowheat.C.Makethehamburgers.2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Brotherandsister.3.Whydoesthewomanwanttogetridofherrice?A.Shethinksittastesterrible.B.Shehastoomuchofthat.C.Sheknowsthemanlikesthat.4.Howlongdoesittakethewomantochargeasmallbattery?A.Onehour.B.Twohours.C.Threehours.5.Wherewillthespeakersbespendingtheirnextholiday?A.Inatent.B.Inatreehouse.C.Inamotorhome.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atthewoman’shouse.B.Atarepairshop.C.Ataphoneshop.7.Howisthewomangoingtofindherphone?A.Bysearchingoutside.B.Bysatellitetracking.C.Bydialinghernumber.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howlongdidittakethemantogetajob?A.Aboutonemonth.B.Abouttwomonths.C.Aboutfourmonths.9.Whatistheman’sexperiencewhenhuntingforjobs?A.Askingfriendsforhelp.B.Applyingforjobsonline.C.Tryingtomeetwithmanagers.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wholiveswiththeshopkeeper?A.Helivesalone.B.Heliveswithhiswife.C.Heliveswithhischildren.11.Howmanydaysaweekwillthemanprobablyruntheshop?A.Two.B.Four.C.Five.12.Whatwillthespeakers’childrendotohelptheshopkeeper?A.Payhisbills.B.Cookhismeals.C.Buyhimsomenecessarythings.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewomanprobablyworkingon?A.Abook.B.Agame.C.Herwritinghomework.14.WhoisMarcusinthestory?A.Thecaretaker.B.Theuncle.C.Theyoungman.15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodecide?A.Whatthesubjectofherstorywillbe.B.Whattheconclusionofherstorywillbe.C.Whatcharacterstherewillbeinherstory.16.Whatistheman’sopinionaboutthewoman’sproblem?A.Themaincharactershouldmarrythegirl.B.Themaincharactershouldgetthewealth.C.Oneofthecharactersshouldturnouttobebad.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whereisthestormprobablymovingtowardsaccordingtothemap?A.Charlotte.B.Atlanta.C.NewOrleans.18.Whatdoesthespeakersuggest?A.Drivingslowly.B.Buyingextrafoodandwater.C.Leavingtheareaiftheroadsbegintoflood.19.Whichseasonisthetalktakingplacein?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.Thesourceofthestorm.B.Thechangeoftheseasons.C.Themeasurestodealwithbadweather.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A4brillianthybridbikesforurbanoroff-roaduseFromcommutingtoridingforleisureorexercise,cyclingispopularasapastimeinourtownsandcities.Therearevarioustypesofbikesthatyoucanusetogetaround,dependingonyourinterestsandlifestyle.SchwinnScreeGravelhybridbikeThisSchwinnbikeismulti-use,withgraveltyresthataregreatforcountryroadsandpathsaswellasmoretraditionalroads.Thebikehasarelativelylowsports-likeframewithinward-facinghandlebars,aswellasaheight-adjustableseatforcomfort.Specifications:Wheelsize—28inchesFramematerial—aluminiumProfessionalMetropolitanhybridbikeWithasturdybutlightweightalloysteelframe,thisbikeisasolidchoiceforcommutinginurbanenvironments.Ithassixgearspeedsthatcanbeswitchedbetweenandaspringsaddleforcomfortableriding.Note:Thebikeis90percentbuilt,pleasechecktheassemblyguide.Specifications:Wheelsize—29inchesFramematerial—alloysteelSchwinnWayfarer500bikeThishybridbikehasan18-inchhigh-tensilesteelframe,comingwithacushionedseatandsevendifferentspeeds.Ithasaclassicdesignaswellasanadjustableseatpost.Note:Thebikecomes80percentassembled,pleasechecktheassemblyguide.Specifications:Wheelsize—28inchesFramematerial—alloysteelAmmacoPathwayhybridbikeThismodelhasrigidsuspensionandcomfortablehandlebargrips,affordingyouagoodexperiencewhetheryouuseitforexerciseorleisureinthecountryside.Anotherfeatureisthebike'sreflectivetyres,foraddedsafetywithearlymorningornightriding.Note:Assemblywillberequired.Specifications:Wheelsize—29inchesFramematerial—aluminium1.Whichismostsuitableifyouwantacitybiketoridetowork?A.SchwinnScreeGravelhybridbike. B.ProfessionalMetropolitanhybridbike.C.SchwinnWayfarer500bike. D.AmmacoPathwayhybridbike.2.WhatisanadvantageofAmmacoPathwayhybridbike?A.LightFrame. B.Variablespeeds.C.Reliablestoppingpower. D.Extrasecurity.3.WhatdoSchwinnScreeGravelhybridbikeandSchwinnWayfarer500bikehaveincommon?A.Theyaremultifunctional. B.Theyaremountainbikes.C.Theyhaveadjustableseats. D.Theyhavehigh-risehandlebars.〖答案〗1.B2.D3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四款自行車(chē)的情況。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProfessionalMetropolitanhybridbike部分中“Withasturdybutlightweightalloysteelframe,thisbikeisasolidchoiceforcommutinginurbanenvironments.(堅(jiān)固而輕便的合金鋼車(chē)架，是在城市環(huán)境中通勤的理想選擇。)”可知，如果你想騎城市自行車(chē)上班，ProfessionalMetropolitanhybridbike最合適。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AmmacoPathwayhybridbike部分中“Anotherfeatureisthebike'sreflectivetyres,foraddedsafetywithearlymorningornightriding.(另一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是自行車(chē)的反光輪胎，增加了清晨或夜間騎行的安全性。)”可知，AmmacoPathwayhybridbike的優(yōu)勢(shì)是額外的安全措施。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SchwinnScreeGravelhybridbike部分中“Thebikehasarelativelylowsports-likeframewithinward-facinghandlebars,aswellasaheight-adjustableseatforcomfort.(這款自行車(chē)有一個(gè)相對(duì)較低的運(yùn)動(dòng)型車(chē)架，車(chē)把朝內(nèi)，還有一個(gè)可調(diào)節(jié)高度的座椅，以保證舒適性。)”以及SchwinnWayfarer500bike部分中“Ithasaclassicdesignaswellasanadjustableseatpost.(它有一個(gè)經(jīng)典的設(shè)計(jì)，以及一個(gè)可調(diào)節(jié)的座柱。)”可知，兩者的共同之處是都有可調(diào)節(jié)的座位。故選C。BToKaranth,everyoneineverypartoftheworldisbornwithafundamentalconnectiontonature.GrowingupinKarnataka,shebeganaccompanyingherfatherintothewildatjusttwoyearsold.Butinherhometown,kidsgrewupwithanegativeperspectiveonwildlife.Elephantsdestroyedcropsandsometimespeoplewerebadlyinjuredorkilled.Karanthdiscoveredkidswouldn’tappreciatethefactthatit’sthebestplacetowitnessextraordinaryanimals.In2017,aconversationwithherfriendGabbyshiftedhermindsettowardseducation.Withinhalfayear,KaranthandGabbyhadthefirstversionof“WildShaale”ontheirhands.Aprogramdesignedforstudentswhocomeintofrequentcontactwithwildlife,WildShaaleaimstodevelopagenuineunderstandingofwildlifeandwildspacesandmovebeyondwildlifetolerancetoconceptsofconservationandenvironmentalissues.Theconservationeducationprogramfillsagapinenvironmentallearning.Whileitisfortunatethatabasicenvironmentaleducationissupportedbylocalgovernment,Karanthbelievesthechallengeliesinthequalityofthecurriculumandwhetherit’sdeliveredeffectivelyandconsistently.“Youhavetovisualizewhattheseschoolslooklike.Theymaynothaveelectricity—forgethavingcomputers,internet,iPads,oranything.”Encouragingthestudentstofindcommonalitiesbetweenthemselvesandtheanimalsisthefirststeptochangingperceptionsandhopefully,behaviors.“Itcomesdowntothesamethings:weneedfood;weneedwater;weneedspace.Thentheystarttounderstandwhysituationsofconflictarise,”Karanthsays.“Butthenhowdoyouconvincethemnottogetangry,nottoactinawaythatleadstoharm?That’ssomethingwe’retryingtoworkon.It’snoteasy.”4.WhatproblemmightKaranth’shometownhavefaced?A.Human-wildlifeconflict. B.Lossofwildlifehabitats.C.Overpopulationofelephants. D.Disregardforwildlifebalance.5.WhydidKaranthlaunchtheprogramWildShaale?A.Tohelpstudentsidentifyanimals. B.Tofillagapinlocaleducation.C.Tochangehowstudentsperceivewildlife. D.Topublicizewildlifediversity.6.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thesupporttotheplan. B.Thebarriertotheprogram.C.Thecurriculumarrangement. D.Theschools’conditions.7.WhatisKaranthtryingtoachieveintheprogram?A.Ashiftinhumans’attitudesandbehavior. B.Abreakthroughinenvironmentalstudies.C.Appropriatewaystoendlocalconflicts. D.Approachestochanginganimals’behavior.〖答案〗4.A5.C6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了卡蘭斯通過(guò)建立WildShaale項(xiàng)目來(lái)改變學(xué)生對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的看法。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butinherhometown,kidsgrewupwithanegativeperspectiveonwildlife.Elephantsdestroyedcropsandsometimespeoplewerebadlyinjuredorkilled.Karanthdiscoveredkidswouldn’tappreciatethefactthatit’sthebestplacetowitnessextraordinaryanimals.(但在她的家鄉(xiāng)，孩子們從小就對(duì)野生動(dòng)物持消極態(tài)度。大象毀壞了莊稼，有時(shí)人們嚴(yán)重受傷或死亡?？ㄌm斯發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子們不會(huì)欣賞這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：這里是觀看非凡動(dòng)物的最佳地點(diǎn))”可知，卡蘭斯的家鄉(xiāng)面臨問(wèn)題是人類(lèi)與野生動(dòng)物的沖突。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Aprogramdesignedforstudentswhocomeintofrequentcontactwithwildlife,WildShaaleaimstodevelopagenuineunderstandingofwildlifeandwildspacesandmovebeyondwildlifetolerancetoconceptsofconservationandenvironmentalissues.Theconservationeducationprogramfillsagapinenvironmentallearning.(該項(xiàng)目專(zhuān)為經(jīng)常接觸野生動(dòng)物的學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)，旨在培養(yǎng)對(duì)野生動(dòng)物和野生空間的真正理解，并超越野生動(dòng)物的耐受性，了解保護(hù)和環(huán)境問(wèn)題的概念。保育教育計(jì)劃填補(bǔ)了環(huán)境學(xué)習(xí)的空白)”可知，Karanth啟動(dòng)WildShaale項(xiàng)目是為了改變學(xué)生對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的看法。故選C。【6題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Whileitisfortunatethatabasicenvironmentaleducationissupportedbylocalgovernment,Karanthbelievesthechallengeliesinthequalityofthecurriculumandwhetherit’sdeliveredeffectivelyandconsistently.“Youhavetovisualizewhattheseschoolslooklike.Theymaynothaveelectricity—forgethavingcomputers,internet,iPads,oranything.”(雖然幸運(yùn)的是，基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境教育得到了當(dāng)?shù)卣闹С?，但Karanth認(rèn)為，挑戰(zhàn)在于課程的質(zhì)量，以及課程是否有效和持續(xù)?！澳惚仨毾胂筮@些學(xué)校是什么樣子。他們可能沒(méi)有電——更別提有電腦、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、ipad或任何東西了。”)”可知，第三段主要講了項(xiàng)目的障礙。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Encouragingthestudentstofindcommonalitiesbetweenthemselvesandtheanimalsisthefirststeptochangingperceptionsandhopefully,behaviors.(鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)自己和動(dòng)物之間的共同點(diǎn)是改變觀念和行為的第一步)”可知，卡蘭斯想在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中實(shí)現(xiàn)人類(lèi)態(tài)度和行為的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選A。CEatingaplant-baseddiethasbeenshowntobeverygoodforyourheartandyouroverallhealth.Infact,arecentstudyfoundayoungpersoncouldliveanadditional13yearsbyeatingmorevegetablesandlegumes(豆類(lèi)),aswellaswholegrains,fruitandnuts.Whichmakesthefindingsofanewanalysisofthedietsofnearly400,000UKadultspublishedMondayinthejournalFrontiersinNutritionrathershocking:Eatingveggies,especiallycookedones,doesn’treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseovertime.“OurlargestudydidnotfindevidenceforaprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeontheoccurrenceofCVD(cardiovasculardisease),”saidQiFeng,anepidemiologistattheUniversityofOxford,inastatement.Whilethestudyfoundeatingrawveggiescouldprotectagainstheartdisease,cookedvegetablesdidnot.Anybenefitwentawaywhenresearchersfactoredinlifestylefactorssuchasphysicalactivity,educationallevel,smoking,drinking,fruitintake,redandprocessedmeatconsumption,anduseofmineralandvitaminsupplements.“Instead,ouranalysesshowthattheseeminglyprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobeaccountedforbybias(偏差)…relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomicsituationandlifestyle,”Fengsaid.Don’tstartcelebratingyet,veggiehaters.ExpertsintheUKandUnitedStatesquicklytookexceptiontothestudy’sconclusion“Althoughthisstudyfoundthateatingmorevegetableswasn’tassociatedwithalowerriskofheartandcirculatorydiseasesonceotherlifestyleandotherfactorsweretakenintoaccount,thatdoesn’tmeanweshouldstopeatingvegetables,”saidVictoriaTaylor,aseniordietitianattheBritishHeartFoundation,inastatement.“Theresultsarenotsurprising.Pickingoutonesinglecomponentandassumingjustaddingittothediet,e.g.,vegetables,isnotlikelytoresultinthedesiredeffect,”AliceLichtenstein,directorandseniorscientistatTuftsUniversity’sCardiovascularNutritionLaboratory,toldCNNinanemail.“Onethingthathasbecomeclearoverthepastdecadeisweshouldnotbelookingatsinglefoodsornutrients,ratherthewholedietarypattern,”saidLichtenstein.8.WhatcanwelearnfromthenewstudyledbyFeng?A.ItfollowedayoungUKpersonfor13years.B.Itsfindingscameasnosurprisetootherpeople.C.Itoverturnedtheconclusionofpreviousstudies.D.Itspurposewastofindtherightvegetablesforpeople.9.WhatdidFengimplyaboutvegetables’protectiveeffect?A.Itwastotallymadeupbysomeresearchers.B.Itstillheldtruedespitesomedifferentfindings.C.Itcouldonlybeachievedbylivingahealthylifestyle.D.Itwasamisconceptioncausedbydifferencesinpeople.10.Whichoffollowingisclosestinmeaningtounderlinedphrase“takeexceptionto”?A.Voiceobjectionsto. B.Adddetailsto.C.Displayignoranceof. D.Takenoticeof.11.WhatdidLichtensteinthinkofthestudy?A.Itwasgroundbreaking. B.Itwasone-sided.C.Itwouldcauseconfusion. D.Itneededmoreevidence.〖答案〗8.C9.D10.A11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了吃蔬菜對(duì)心臟和整體健康都有好處，但是一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)吃蔬菜不能降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，科學(xué)家對(duì)此有不同的看法?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Whichmakesthefindingsofanewanalysisofthedietsofnearly400,000UKadultspublishedMondayinthejournalFrontiersinNutritionrathershocking:Eatingveggies,especiallycookedones,doesn’treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseovertime.(這使得周一發(fā)表在《營(yíng)養(yǎng)前沿》雜志上的一項(xiàng)對(duì)近40萬(wàn)英國(guó)成年人飲食的新分析結(jié)果相當(dāng)令人震驚：長(zhǎng)期食用蔬菜，尤其是煮熟的蔬菜，并不能降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”和第三段““OurlargestudydidnotfindevidenceforaprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeontheoccurrenceofCVD(cardiovasculardiscase),”saidQiFeng,anepidemiologistattheUniversityofOxford,inastatement.(牛津大學(xué)的流行病學(xué)家QiFeng在一份聲明中說(shuō)：“我們的大型研究沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)蔬菜攝入對(duì)心血管疾病發(fā)生有保護(hù)作用的證據(jù)?！?”可推斷這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)烹飪過(guò)的蔬菜并不降低心臟病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，顛覆了之前的研究結(jié)論。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段““Instead,ouranalysesshowthattheseeminglyprotectiveeffectofvegetableintakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobeaccountedforbybias(偏差)…relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomicsituationandlifestyle,”Fengsaid.(“相反，我們的分析表明，蔬菜攝入對(duì)心血管疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的表面保護(hù)作用很可能是由偏見(jiàn)造成的……與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和生活方式的差異有關(guān)，”Feng說(shuō)。)”可知Feng認(rèn)為蔬菜攝入對(duì)心血管疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的保護(hù)效果可能是由于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和生活方式差異引起的偏見(jiàn)。故選D?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Don’tstartcelebratingyet,veggiehaters.(討厭素食者們，先別開(kāi)始慶祝。)”和劃線詞所在句“ExpertsintheUKandUnitedStatesquicklytookexceptiontothestudy’sconclusion.(英國(guó)和美國(guó)的專(zhuān)家很快就對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)論…)”由此推斷出是英國(guó)和美國(guó)的專(zhuān)家提出了異議，所以tookexceptionto意思是“提出反對(duì)意見(jiàn)”和A選項(xiàng)Voiceobjectionsto同義，故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Onethingthathasbecomeclearoverthepastdecadeisweshouldnotbelookingatsinglefoodsornutrients,ratherthewholedietarypattern,”saidLichtenstein.(Lichtenstein說(shuō)：“在過(guò)去的十年里，有一件事變得很清楚，那就是我們不應(yīng)該只關(guān)注單一的食物或營(yíng)養(yǎng)素，而應(yīng)該關(guān)注整個(gè)飲食模式?！?”可推知Lichtenstein認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究是片面的，因?yàn)樗魂P(guān)注單一食物或營(yíng)養(yǎng)素，而沒(méi)有考慮整體飲食模式。故選B。DMyfatherstartedlearningFrenchat57,drawnbythepotentialbenefitsofbilingualism(雙語(yǔ)能力)indelayingdementia(失智癥).Now,20yearslater,he’sonhisthirdteacher.Manypeoplelikemyfatherhaveattemptedtopickupanewlanguage.Butcanthisreallyboostbrainhealth?Accordingtoexperts,regularlyusinganewlanguagebringscognitive(認(rèn)知的)benefits.Ifyou’retryingtorecalltherightwordsinanotherlanguage,yourbrainisforcedtoinhibityourmothertongue.Thisprocess,calledcognitiveinhibition,helpsimproveyourbrainfunction.Repeatingthisprocessmakesyourbrainmoreresistanttodiseaseslikedementia.Themoreyouchallengeyourbrain,thebetteritfunctions,evenifyourbrainhealthstartstodecline.However,evidenceforthebenefitsoflearningasecondlanguageinyour60sisweaker.ResearchbyDr.LeoAntonioufoundthatolderItalianswhotookEnglishlessonsforfourmonthsdidn’tseeanydifferenceintheircognitionscores,butpeoplewhodidn’tsawtheirscoresdecline.Prof.DianaSmith’s2023studiesfoundsimilarresults.Researchersofferedafewpotentialexplanationsfortheirdisappointingresults.Oneisthattheparticipantswerehighlymotivatedvolunteers,probablyofhighcognitivelevelfortheirage,makingithardtoseeanyimprovements.“Whenchoosingparticipants,wehavetobecareful,aretheyreallyrepresentativeofthepopulation?”saidDr.JudithWare.Anotheristhatthelanguageinterventionswereperhapstooshort.Thesestudieshaveusedlanguagelessonsthat“wereverydifferentintheirlengthandfrequency,”saidProf.LauraGrossman.ToDr.Antoniou,thelimitedfindingsarenotentirelysurprising.Noonewouldsaythatlearninganewlanguageforsixmonthswouldbethesameashavingusedtwolanguagesforyourentirelife.Buthedoesthinkthatlanguagelessonscanprovidecognitivebenefitsbybeingcognitivelystimulating.Perhapsmoreimportant,Prof.Grossmansaid,learninganotherlanguageoffersotherpotentialadvantages,liketravelingorconnectingwithnewcommunities.Myfather,forexample,hasremainedpenfriendswithhisfirstteacherandtraveledtoFrancenumeroustimes.Andat76,he’sassharpasever.12.Whathappensintheprocessof“cognitiveinhibition”?A.Memoryimproves. B.Brainhealthworsens.C.Dementiaiscured. D.Nativelanguageisheldback.13.Whichisapossibleexplanationforthedisappointingresearchresults?A.Thepoorchoiceofresearchparticipants.B.Thegreatlengthofthelanguagecourse.C.Theinterventionofthefirstlanguage.D.Theagedifferenceoftheresearchsubjects.14.Whoseopiniondoestheauthorsupportbymentioninghisfather’sexperience?A.LeoAntoniou’s. B.DianaSmith’s.C.LauraGrossman’s. D.JudithWare’s.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Isitnevertoolatetolearnanewlanguage?B.Canlearninganewlanguagedelaydementia?C.Whydoesmyfatherstartlearninganewlanguage?D.Howdoeslearninganewlanguagebenefitagingbrain?〖答案〗12.D13.A14.C15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要討論了學(xué)習(xí)新語(yǔ)言是否能提高大腦健康，尤其是對(duì)于年紀(jì)較大的人來(lái)說(shuō)，是否能延緩癡呆癥的發(fā)生?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ifyou’retryingtorecalltherightwordsinanotherlanguage,yourbrainisforcedtoinhibityourmothertongue.Thisprocess,calledcognitiveinhibition,helpsimproveyourbrainfunction.”（如果你試圖用另一種語(yǔ)言回憶正確的單詞，你的大腦會(huì)被迫抑制你的母語(yǔ)。這個(gè)過(guò)程被稱(chēng)為認(rèn)知抑制，有助于提高你的大腦功能。）可知，認(rèn)知抑制的過(guò)程中，母語(yǔ)被抑制。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Oneisthattheparticipantswerehighlymotivatedvolunteers,probablyofhighcognitivelevelfortheirage,makingithardtoseeanyimprovements.”（一種可能的解釋是參與者都是高度積極的志愿者，他們的認(rèn)知水平可能已經(jīng)很高，這使得改進(jìn)變得難以察覺(jué)。）可知，研究結(jié)果不盡人意的一個(gè)可能的解釋是研究參與者的選擇不佳。故選A。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Buthedoesthinkthatlanguagelessonscanprovidecognitivebenefitsbybeingcognitivelystimulating.”（但是他確實(shí)認(rèn)為，語(yǔ)言課程可以通過(guò)認(rèn)知刺激來(lái)提供認(rèn)知益處。）和文章最后一段“Myfather,forexample,hasremainedpenfriendswithhisfirstteacherandtraveledtoFrancenumeroustimes.Andat76,he’sassharpasever.”（例如，我的父親一直與他的第一位老師保持筆友關(guān)系，并多次去法國(guó)旅行。現(xiàn)在他76歲了，他的頭腦依然敏銳。）可知，作者通過(guò)提到他父親的經(jīng)歷來(lái)支持LauraGrossman的觀點(diǎn)，即學(xué)習(xí)另一種語(yǔ)言提供了其他潛在的優(yōu)勢(shì)，如旅行或與新的社區(qū)建立聯(lián)系。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“MyfatherstartedlearningFrenchat57,drawnbythepotentialbenefitsofbilingualism(雙語(yǔ)能力)indelayingdementia(失智癥).”（我父親57歲開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)，被雙語(yǔ)能力在延緩失智癥方面的潛在好處所吸引。）以及“Butcanthisreallyboostbrainhealth?”（但這真的能促進(jìn)大腦健康嗎?）可知，短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)新語(yǔ)言能延緩失智癥嗎？”。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverwonderedwhyitfeelssosatisfyingtosingintheshower?Youarealone.Youarewarm.Theairismoist,makingyourthroatfeelwet.____16____You’reatoncerelaxedandpleasantlyenergizedbythewater.Littlecantakeyouawayfromthesimpletasksathand.Youcontrolthespeedandpitch.Andthebathroomprovideswonderfulresonance(共鳴).Nowimaginesingingwhiledriving.Youaresitting,stuckbyatightseatbeltthatlimitsairflow.Withoutanywarm-up,youprobablystartrightinwiththefirstsongyouhear.Theairisdrier.Andtostayawake,youmaybedrinkingcoffee,whichcanmakeyouthirsty.____17____Whilesingingalongtotheradio,yourvoicemaygetlostinthenoiseofthesongandthecar.Frommypersonalexperience,Irealizetheimportanceofnotonlyfocusingbutalsosettingtherightconditionsduringpractice.____18____Thisiswhysomeargueagainstbaseballplayerspractisinghittingbeforeagame.Theytryhittingdifferenttypesofthrows,evensloweronesthattheywouldn’tseeinarealgame.____19____Towarmup,Ipractisedeepbreathingexercisesandrelaxmytonguewith“blahblahblahs.”Brighteningmyfacehelpsmakemysoundmoreenergetic.MyvoicebecomesricherandstrongerwhenIpractiseopeningupmymouthbyyawning,imaginingthebackofmymouthexpandinglikeafrog’s.IalsoadjustthewayIstand.____20____A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Youarestandingupstraight.C.Youareloudlyclearingyourthroat.D.Poortrainingmayleadtopoorresults.E.Thestressofdrivingandstayingsafekeepsyoutense.F.Afterall,anuprightguitarwouldn’tsoundrightifitwasbent.G.IalwaystrytorecreatethegreatfeelingofsingingintheshowerwhereverIam.〖答案〗16.B17.E18.D19.G20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要解釋了為什么淋浴時(shí)唱歌會(huì)讓人感到滿足的原因?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Haveyoueverwonderedwhyitfeelssosatisfyingtosingintheshower?Youarealone.Youarewarm.Theairismoist,makingyourthroatfeelwet.(你有沒(méi)有想過(guò)為什么在淋浴時(shí)唱歌會(huì)讓人感到如此滿足？你是孤獨(dú)的。你是溫暖的?？諝獬睗瘢鼓愕暮韲蹈械綕駶?rùn))”以及后文“You’reatoncerelaxedandpleasantlyenergizedbythewater.Littlecantakeyouawayfromthesimpletasksathand.Youcontrolthespeedandpitch.Andthebathroomprovideswonderfulresonance(共鳴).(在水里，你會(huì)立刻感到放松和愉悅。沒(méi)有什么能讓你離開(kāi)手頭的簡(jiǎn)單任務(wù)。你控制速度和俯仰。浴室提供了美妙的共鳴)”可知，本句與上文并列，都是在描述淋浴的時(shí)候人的行為動(dòng)作。故B選項(xiàng)“你在站直”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Nowimaginesingingwhiledriving.Youaresitting,stuckbyatightseatbeltthatlimitsairflow.Withoutanywarm-up,youprobablystartrightinwiththefirstsongyouhear.Theairisdrier.Andtostayawake,youmaybedrinkingcoffee,whichcanmakeyouthirsty.(現(xiàn)在想象一下邊開(kāi)車(chē)邊唱歌。你坐著，被一個(gè)限制氣流的緊安全帶卡住了。在沒(méi)有任何熱身的情況下，你可能會(huì)從聽(tīng)到的第一首歌開(kāi)始?？諝飧稍锪?。為了保持清醒，你可能會(huì)喝咖啡，這會(huì)讓你口渴)”以及后文“Whilesingingalongtotheradio,yourvoicemaygetlostinthenoiseofthesongandthecar.(當(dāng)你跟著收音機(jī)唱歌時(shí)，你的聲音可能會(huì)消失在歌曲和汽車(chē)的噪音中)”可知，本句主要是在描述駕駛時(shí)，人的感受。E選項(xiàng)driving對(duì)應(yīng)上文driving。故E選項(xiàng)“駕駛和安全的壓力使你緊張”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Frommypersonalexperience,Irealizetheimportanceofnotonlyfocusingbutalsosettingtherightconditionsduringpractice.(從我的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看，我意識(shí)到在練習(xí)中不僅要專(zhuān)注，還要設(shè)定合適的條件)”以及后文“Thisiswhysomeargueagainstbaseballplayerspractisinghittingbeforeagame.Theytryhittingdifferenttypesofthrows,evensloweronesthattheywouldn’tseeinarealgame.(這就是為什么有些人反對(duì)棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽前練習(xí)擊球。他們嘗試不同類(lèi)型的投擲，甚至是在真實(shí)游戲中看不到的較慢的投擲)”可知，后文提到了反對(duì)棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽前練習(xí)擊球，推測(cè)本句說(shuō)明反對(duì)練習(xí)的原因。故D選項(xiàng)“糟糕的訓(xùn)練可能導(dǎo)致糟糕的結(jié)果”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Towarmup,Ipractisedeepbreathingexercisesandrelaxmytonguewith“blahblahblahs.”Brighteningmyfacehelpsmakemysoundmoreenergetic.MyvoicebecomesricherandstrongerwhenIpractiseopeningupmymouthbyyawning,imaginingthebackofmymouthexpandinglikeafrog’s.IalsoadjustthewayIstand.(為了熱身，我做深呼吸練習(xí)，用“blahblahblah”來(lái)放松舌頭。讓我的臉變得明亮有助于讓我的聲音更有活力。當(dāng)我通過(guò)打哈欠練習(xí)張開(kāi)嘴巴，想象我的嘴巴后部像青蛙一樣張開(kāi)時(shí)，我的聲音變得更豐滿、更有力。我也調(diào)整了站立的方式)”以及第一段描述洗澡時(shí)唱歌的動(dòng)作，可知后文是在根據(jù)淋浴時(shí)的狀態(tài)調(diào)整。故G選項(xiàng)“無(wú)論我在哪里，我總是試圖重現(xiàn)淋浴時(shí)唱歌的美妙感覺(jué)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“IalsoadjustthewayIstand.(我也調(diào)整了站立的方式)”可知，本句承接上文，說(shuō)明調(diào)整站立方式的原因。故F選項(xiàng)“畢竟，一把直立的吉他如果是彎曲的，聲音就不好聽(tīng)了”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mostpeoplewilldoanythingforfamily,butnotmanyareofferedaconcreteopportunitytosaveafamilymember’slife.JoseRamirez’sfamilyhadthatopportunity,andthey___21___it.Twoyearsago,Josewasdiscoveredtobe___22___fromkidney(腎臟)failure.WhenJosetalkedtohis___23___aboutit,hisyoungersister,19-year-oldKelsey,saidshewoulddonateakidneytohim—evenbeforeknowingwhetherakidneytransplant(移植)wasa(n)___24___.___25___,JoseandhisfamilydiscoveredtheMayoClinicKidneyTransplantProgram.ForJose,theprogramwasespeciallyhelpfulinexplainingand___26___hisparentsofthebenefitsofliving-donorkidneytransplants.“Forthem,it’stwooftheirkids,”Josesays.“Myparentsweremore___27___thananyofus,soitwasreally___28___forthemtogototheprogram’scourses.”Throughouttheprocess,Kelseyremained___29___toherinitialwishtobecomeJose’skidneydonor.“Whenhewasqualifiedtobeatransplantrecipient,I___30___,”shesays.Afterseveralexaminationsandtests,Kelseygotherwish.Shewas___31___tobeJose’sdonor.Thetransplantwentsmoothly,andnowthetwohave___32___theirnormallives.Asforhissister’sgift,“Youcan’tjustsaythankyou,”Josesays.“Idon’tknowhowtoexplainit.She___33___asurgerythatshedidn’thavetogothrough.”Kelsey___34___thatthegreatestthanksshecouldreceiveareseeingthatherbrotherhas___35___.21.A.created B.took C.afforded D.lost22.A.learning B.separating C.surviving D.suffering23.A.doctor B.donor C.family D.nurse24.A.option B.aim C.cause D.problem25.A.Obviously B.Fortunately C.Suddenly D.Undoubtedly26.A.warning B.accusing C.reminding D.convincing27.A.stressed B.excited C.amazed D.disappointed28.A.unwise B.possible C.beneficial D.incredible29.A.committed B.honest C.used D.equal30.A.turnedup B.signedup C.spedup D.gaveup31.A.encouraged B.challenged C.expected D.approved32.A.dreamtof B.thoughtof C.returnedto D.adaptedto33.A.performed B.experienced C.required D.refused34.A.insists B.predicts C.suspects D.determines35.A.proceeded B.quitted C.responded D.recovered〖答案〗21.B22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是JoseRamirez的姐姐給他捐腎的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：JoseRamirez的家人有過(guò)這樣的機(jī)會(huì)，他們抓住了。A.created創(chuàng)造；B.took接受，收??；C.afforded負(fù)擔(dān)得起；D.lost丟失。根據(jù)下文“hisyoungersister,19-year-oldKelsey,saidshewoulddonateakidneytohim”可知，JoseRamirez的家人抓住了機(jī)會(huì)，taketheopportunity意為“抓住機(jī)會(huì)”。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兩年前，Jose被發(fā)現(xiàn)患有腎衰竭。A.learning學(xué)習(xí)；B.separating分開(kāi)；C.surviving幸存；D.suffering遭受。根據(jù)下文“kidney(腎臟)failure”可知，Jose被發(fā)現(xiàn)患有腎衰竭，sufferfrom意為“患病”。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Jose和他的家人談起這件事時(shí)，他19歲的妹妹Kelsey說(shuō)她愿意給他捐一個(gè)腎——甚至在不知道是否可以進(jìn)行腎臟移植之前。A.doctor醫(yī)生；B.donor捐獻(xiàn)者；C.family家庭；D.nurse護(hù)士。根據(jù)下文“hisyoungersister,19-year-oldKelsey,saidshewoulddonateakidneytohim”可知，此處表示“當(dāng)Jose和他的家人談起這件事”。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Jose和他的家人談起這件事時(shí)，他19