PAGEUnit6Nurturingnature現(xiàn)在完成進行時[視察例句]視察下列句子，并指出黑體部分的時態(tài)及語法作用1．Hehasbeenwritinganovel，whichwillbefinishednextmonth.現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示未完成的動作2．Hehaswrittenanovel，whichisbeingpreparedtocomeoutnow.現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作已經(jīng)完成3．Ihavebeenvisitingmyhometownrecently，anditimpressesmedifferentlyeachtime.現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作的重復4．Ihavevisitedmyhometownrecently，whosechangeshaveleftadeepimpressiononme.現(xiàn)在完成時表示一次性動作5．Recentlyshehasalwaysbeenhelpingme.現(xiàn)在完成進行時具有感情色調(diào)6．Recentlyshehashelpedmealot.現(xiàn)在完成時陳述一種事實[歸納用法]一、現(xiàn)在完成進行時1．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/hasbeendoing2．基本用法：(1)表示一個在過去起先，而在最近剛剛結(jié)束的動作Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.(動作剛結(jié)束)我們始終等了你半個小時。I'mrathertired.Ihavebeenplayingbasketballsincebreakfast.(動作剛結(jié)束)我很累。自從吃過早飯以來始終在打籃球。(2)表示一個從過去起先，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并將接著進行的動作TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperforovertwothousandyears.(動作還將接著下去)中國人已有2000多年的造紙歷史。IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.(動作還將接著下去)自從三年前以來我始終在學英語。(3)表示一個從過去起先持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可以包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一個階段內(nèi)，重復發(fā)生的動作，通常表示一種感情色調(diào)(關切、驚異、生氣、贊許等)。Youhavebeencoughingalotlately.(關切)近來你始終咳嗽。Toomuchhasbeenhappeningtoday.(感慨)今日真是個多事的日子啊。Hehasalwaysbeenstudyinghard.(贊許)他學習始終很刻苦。[即學即練1]單句語法填空①Inventorshavebeentrying(try)tomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s.②Dashan，whohasbeenlearning(learn)crosstalk，theChinesecomedictradition，fordecades，wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.③—Excuseme，whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.Wehavebeenwaiting(wait)hereformorethantwohours.④—Tony，whyareyoureyesred?—Ihavebeencutting(cut)uppeppersforthelastfiveminutes.⑤Itisreportedthattheprojecthasbeencompleted(complete)．二、現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)分1．現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作的完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)或反復，因此，表示動作的完成，只能用現(xiàn)在完成時，而不能用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。Ihavewrittenabook.(動作已經(jīng)完成)我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。Theyhavebeenbuildingabridge.(動作還將接著下去)他們始終在建立一座橋。2．現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作行為的結(jié)果、影響，而現(xiàn)在完成進行時只強調(diào)動作行為本身。Therepairmanhasbeenrepairingthecaralltheafternoon.整個下午，這位修理工始終在修那輛車。Therepairmanhasrepairedyourcar，andyoucanhaveitnow.修理工已修好了你的車，現(xiàn)在你可以把它開走。[名師點津]有些動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時，這些動詞為：狀態(tài)動詞：be，have，exist等；情感動詞：like，love，hate等；感官動詞：see，hear，know，feel，sound等；短暫性動詞：finish，marry，getup，come，go等。Ihaveknownhimforyears.我相識他已經(jīng)好幾年了。Theyhavefinishedthework.他們已經(jīng)完成了工作。[即學即練2]單句語法填空①Therehasexisted(exist)anoldtemplesincetheMingDynasty.②Ihavebeenteaching(teach)Englishforalmosttwentyyears，andIwillstepinanothernewteachingyear.③Hehasn'tfelt(notfeel)himselfsinceyesterday.④Themanagerhasbeentelling(tell)theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9a．m.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Inthelastfewyears，Chinahasmade(make)greatachievementsinthisfield.2．Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks，noagreementhasbeenreached(reach)sofar.3．Martyhasbeenworking(work)hardonhisbookandhe'llhavefinisheditbyFriday.4．Theyhavebeenworking(work)ontheperfectionofthenewmodel.5．Ohno！We'retoolate.Thetrainhasleft(leave)．6．Hehasbeenreading(read)inthelibrarysinceitopenedthismorning.7．—Takeabreak，Amy.Youhavebeenpractising(practise)thepianoallthemorning.—I'dliketo，butthistimenextweekIwillbegivingaconcertattheconcerthall.8．Tomhasbeenworking(work)inthelibraryeverydayoverthelastthreemonths.9．IhavebeenwritinglettersthismorningandIhavewrittenforfourhourssofar.(write)10．—Whatbadweather!Iamsickofithere.—SoamI．Ithasbeenraining(rain)sincelastFriday.Wishwecouldseethesuntomorrow.Ⅱ.短文語法填空Mywishis1.togo(go)toakeyuniversity.I2.havebeenstudying(study)formanyyears.ButI3.havebeen(be)poorinEnglishsinceIwenttojuniorschool.MyEnglishteacherinsists4.onmylisteningandwriting.I5.havebeenlistening(listen)Englisheverymorningtoimproveit.BecauseI6.havebeenwasting(waste)alotoftime，itishardtocatchupwithotherstudents.After7.going(go)tohighschool，I8.havebeenstaying(stay)up