PAGEUnit6EarthfirstSectionⅢGrammar——現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)新知導(dǎo)引用括號(hào)內(nèi)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列教材中的句子并體會(huì)它們的語(yǔ)法特征1．Weseeawoman________(swim)atnightinadarksea.2．Peoplejustwantthem________(kill)．3．Benchleysawsharks________(kill)andthiscausedadeepchangeinhim.語(yǔ)法精講一、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)某些及物動(dòng)詞不僅須要賓語(yǔ)，而且還要求某個(gè)詞或詞組來補(bǔ)充說明賓語(yǔ)，即表示賓語(yǔ)代表的人或物所發(fā)出的動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)，這個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)稱為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1．過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(1)及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的過去分詞用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)是過去分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和過去分詞之間存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。*Whenwearrivedattheschool,wesawthedoorlocked.我們到學(xué)校時(shí)發(fā)覺門被鎖了。*Wesawanoldmanknockeddownbyapassingcar.我們望見一位老人被疾馳而過的車撞倒了。(2)少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞(go,change,fall等)的過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，僅表示動(dòng)作完成。因此，賓語(yǔ)與過去分詞之間不存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。*Ifoundtheleavesfallentwodaysago.兩天前我發(fā)覺這些樹葉落下來了。*Wefoundourcountrychangedalotwiththereformandopenpolicy.我們發(fā)覺，改革開放以來，我們的國(guó)家改變很大。2．現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)在分詞之間存在邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系。*Thewomanfoundabeggarlyingonthebench.這位女士發(fā)覺一個(gè)乞丐正躺在長(zhǎng)凳上。*WhenIenteredtheroom,Isawhimsleepinginbed.當(dāng)我進(jìn)入房間時(shí)，我望見他正在床上睡覺。常用賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞如下：(1)感官動(dòng)詞(表示所到、看到、嗅到、摸到等感官動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞)，常見的有：see,watch,lookat;hear,listento;feel,notice,observe,find;smell...等，后跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示“感受到某人/物正在做某事”；后跟過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示“感受到某人/物被……”，留意此時(shí)與現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的比較。*Hedidn'tnoticethethiefstealinghiswallet.他沒有留意到小偷在偷他的錢包。*Whenhearrived,hefoundalltheworkfinished.當(dāng)他到達(dá)時(shí)，他發(fā)覺全部的工作都被做完了。(2)表示“意愿，吩咐”的動(dòng)詞，如like,want,wish,order,expect...等，可用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示“希望、要求某人/物做……”；也可用過去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于過去分詞前省略了tobe，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被……”。留意與現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的比較。*Hedidn'twantsuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.他不想在會(huì)上探討這種問題。*Iwouldlikethismattersettledatonce.我想立即解決這個(gè)問題。*Idon'tlikeamanstandingtherelikeapole.我不喜愛一個(gè)男士像柱子似地站立在那兒。(3)使役動(dòng)詞(表示指使意義的動(dòng)詞)，常見的有：have,get,make,leave,keep...等，后可用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示“使某人做某物”，也可跟過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示“致使某人/某事被……”；留意與現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)的比較。*Theteacherwentoutoftheclassroomleavingthestudentsstandingontheteachingstage.老師走出了老師，丟下那些學(xué)生在講堂上站立著(而不管了)。*Haveyouhadyourhaircut?你剪頭發(fā)了嗎？*Ihavetogetmybikerepaired.我不得不去修我的自行車。*Iwon'thavethechildrunningaboutonthestreet.It'sdangerous!我不會(huì)放任孩子在街上亂跑的。太危急了！[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)IamafraidthatIcan'tmakemyself________(understand)duetomypoorEnglish.(2)Youwillseethisproduct________(advertise)eveywhere.(3)Icouldfeelthewind________(blow)onmyface.(4)Thecarwasfound________(trap)inapoolbythesideoftheroad.二、主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，是對(duì)句子主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充，使得句子更加完整。假如原來含有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，原賓語(yǔ)成為主語(yǔ)，那么原賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)相應(yīng)地成為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。*Wesawherenteringtheroom.(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))*Shewasseenenteringtheroom.(主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))1．過去分詞作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)過去分詞作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和過去分詞之間存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。*Hernewbikewasfoundstolenbyastranger.她的新自行車被一個(gè)生疏人偷走了。*Thelittleboywasseenbittenbyadog.有人望見這個(gè)小男孩被狗咬了。2．現(xiàn)在分詞作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)在分詞之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系。*Tonywasseenplayingcomputergamesinhisbedroom.有人望見托尼在他的臥房里玩電腦嬉戲。*Thegirlswerefoundsingingloudlyintheirclassroom.他們發(fā)覺女孩們正在教室里大聲唱歌。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Thebabywasfound________(take)goodcareofbythebabysitter.(2)Freddieandhisfriendswereseen________(play)basketballintheplayground.(3)Thestreetwasfound________(flood)afterthestorm.(4)Thecutedogwasseen________(sleep)soundonthenoisystreet.Ⅰ.選詞填空1．I'dliketoseetheplan________(carrying,carried)out.2．WeshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish________(speaking,spoken)asmuchaspossible.3．Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself________(hearing,heard)byallthestudentsintheclassroom.4．Shefoundhernecklace________(gone,going)onherwayhome.5．Thewomanfoundayoungman________(stealing,stole)herwallet.6．Wecanhearthewindows________(beat,beaten)bytheheavyraindrops.7．Theteachernoticedthestudents________(discussing,discuss)questionsingroups.8．Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands________(tie,tied)behind.9．Youmustgetthework________(done,doing)beforeFriday.10．Theboywasseen________(crying,cries)insorrowbecauseofhisgrandma'sdeath.Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Igotthestory________(write)inEnglish.2．Ourmanagerlefttheproblem________(unsettle)．3．Iheardsomeone________(call)mynamewhenwalkingalongthestreet.4．Witheverythingwell________(arrange),helefttheoffice.5．Atthatmoment,Isawhim________(cross)thestreet.6．Pleasekeepus________(inform)ofthelatestnews.7．Shewantsherpaintings________(display)inthegallery,butwedon'tthinktheywouldbeverypopular.8．Hegothistooth________(pull)outlastSunday.9．Ihearher________(practice)oralEnglisheverymorning.10．Johnhadanaccidentandfoundthecar________(break)．Ⅲ.用“hear/notice/see/feel/listento＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)填空1．我抬頭一看，留意到一只鳥正在樹上捕獲它的早餐。Ilookedupand________________________________itsbreakfastinthetree.2．為了學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)找機(jī)會(huì)盡可能多地聽別人說英語(yǔ)。TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiesto________________________________asmuchaswecan.3．聽！你聽到有人在呼救嗎？Listen!Doyou________________________________？4．度假回來后，White一家很興奮望見他們的花園被志愿者照看得很好。Backfromthevacation,theWhitewasveryhappyto________________________________byvolunteers.5．我們感到車子行駛得很快。We________________________________.eq\x(溫馨提示：請(qǐng)完成課時(shí)作業(yè)十七)SectionⅢGrammar—現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)新知導(dǎo)引1．swimming2.killed3.beingkilled語(yǔ)法精講一、[即學(xué)即練](1)understood(2)advertised(3)blowing(4)trapped二、[即學(xué)即練](1)taken(2)playing(3)flooded(4)sleeping夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)·一遍落實(shí)Ⅰ.選詞填空1．carried2.spoken3.heard4.gone5．stealing6.beaten7.discussing8.tied9．done10.cryingⅡ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填