Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解IamnotinterestedinmakingtheNewYear'sdecisions.Butthisyear,therecameadecisivemoment.Itcamewhenmyadultchildren,who'dbeenhomefortwoweeks,headedbacktotheirhomes.TherewasasadnessIfeltasIwavedtheircarsoutofsight,notknowingwhenI'dseethemagain.Buttherewasalsoaknowinginthatmomentthatsomethinginmeneededtochange.SoIaskedmyself,“Whatistrulygoodinyourlife？”Whatisgoodismyrelationshipswithmychildren,butnotonlythoserelationships.Whatalsokeepsmyheartbeatingiscreatingahome,nomatterwhoisthere,andcookingbalanced,plant-basedmeals,evenifjustforme.Ifindjoyinnatureandconnectionswithclosefriendsandfamily.Ilovedoingphotographyandwritingandteachingmyselfpiano.Whateverwasmissingfrommylife,attheendoflastyearIknewaboutthepartsthatworked.Aswinterendedandthevisitingchildrenpreparedtoleave,Ilookedtothefuture.Ithinkofmyfriend,Lisa,whoinMaylostherhusbandof30yearstocancer,andwhofoundherselfonNewYear'sEvewithnoonetobewith.Heralonenesswaslastinginthatturning-pointmoment,buthersadnesswasmomentary(短暫的).“IrealizedIhadachoice，”shetoldme.Insteadofgivingwaytolonelinessanddespair,shechosetofindsomethingproductivetodo.Wehumanscanbecomeboredwithdefeat.Weknowsomethingisjusttheotherside.Likeanewyear,Ihavetwochoices.Icanbrandmyselfasthelong-sufferingmotherwhoneverfiguredouthowtoliveonafterherchildrenleft.OrIcantaketothepianointhecenterofthehouseeachdayandpracticeOdetoJoywithonehanduntilsuchtimeasIfeelreadytoplaywithtwo.本文是一篇記敘文。新年過后，孩子們都離開家，作者孤獨一個人在家，然而她沒有向孤獨和無望屈服，而是選擇做一些有意義的事情。1．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A．Shedidn'twanttolivealonelylifeanymore.B．ShewascuriousaboutherlifeintheNewYear.C．Shehadadifficultrelationshipwithherchildren.D．Shedidn'tthinkherlifekeptanypromiseanymore.答案：A解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段TherewasasadnessIfeltasIwavedtheircarsoutofsight,notknowingwhenI'dseethemagain.Buttherewasalsoaknowinginthatmomentthatsomethinginmeneededtochange.可知，孩子們離開之后，作者感到哀痛，但就在那一刻，作者意識到自己內(nèi)心須要變更，從而可以推斷出，作者不想再過孤獨的生活了。故選A。2．Howwilltheauthorprobablychangeherlife?A．Byimprovingherphysicalhealth.B．Bytakingmoremusicclasseswhenfree.C．Byspendingmoretimewithherchildren.D．Byfocusingonthingsthatbringherhappiness.答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段Ifindjoyinnatureandconnectionswithclosefriendsandfamily.Ilovedoingphotographyandwritingandteachingmyselfpiano.可知，作者在大自然中找到了歡樂，與密切的摯友和家人建立了聯(lián)系，并且喜愛攝影、寫作和自學(xué)鋼琴，故可知作者專注于能給她帶來歡樂的事情。故選D。3．WhydoestheauthormentionherfriendLisa?A．Toshowtherearepeoplewithworselivesthanherself.B．Topointouttherearechoicesevenwhenlifeisdifficult.C．Toprovebeingonone'sownhasabiginfluenceonothers.D．TostresstheimportanceoffamilymembersonNewYear'sEve.答案：B解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段，特殊最終一句Insteadofgivingwaytolonelinessanddespair,shechosetofindsomethingproductivetodo.可知，作者的摯友麗莎沒有向孤獨和無望屈服，而是選擇做一些有意義的事情，可以推斷出，作者提及摯友麗莎是為了指出，即使生活很艱難，我們也有很多選擇。故選B。4．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutherfuture?A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Worried. D．Hopeless.答案：A解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段Whateverwasmissingfrommylife,attheendoflastyearIknewaboutthepartsthatworked.Aswinterendedandthevisitingchildrenpreparedtoleave,Ilookedtothefuture.可知，從作者展望自己的將來可以推斷出，作者對自己的將來是樂觀的。故選A。Ⅱ.七選五SomeTextingRulesYouShouldBeFollowingbyNow.Don'ttextanddrive__1__.Don'tdoit.Personalsafetyalwayscomesfirstandstayingoffyourhand-heldwhiledrivingisextremelyimportant.Ifyoucan'tresist,thenkeepyourphonewhereyoucan'treachitwhileyou'redriving.__2__Ifyou'retextingsomeonewhosays“driving”，stoptexting.Period.__3__.Juststoptexting.Youcanconsidercallingtheperson,butpleasebearinmindthatsomestateshavelawsinplacerestrictingtalkingonthephonewhiledriving.Butifyoudon'tgetaresponse...“Don'tkeeptextinguntiltheyrespond，”anarticleinLifeHacksuggests.“__4__.Andifthey'renot,maybetheyjustdon'tfeelliketexting.”Whilenotgettingaresponselikelymakesyoufeelanxious,andwhilemanyconsideritrude,it'salsorudetocontinuebombardingsomeonewithmessageswhenthatpersonisnotreplyingtoyou.Avoidgrouptexts“Mostwouldsaygrouptextsaretheworst，”notesanarticleinMashable.“Theytakeupmoretimethanyoueverexpected.”Readingthroughallofyourmessagesisboring.__5__.A．It'sthatsimpleB．Don'tevensay“OK”C．They'reprobablybusyD．TheyseemtoneverendE．StopdrivingimmediatelyF．JustthinkofanyothermeansofcommunicationG．Don'tputothersinthesituationoftextinganddriving這是一篇說明文。說明白應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守四則發(fā)短信的規(guī)則。1．A解析：依據(jù)上文Don'ttextanddrive不要開車發(fā)短信。可知下文要對這一行為進(jìn)行說明：就那么簡潔，且與后文Don'tdoit.(別這么做。)也很吻合。故選A。2．G解析：依據(jù)本段倒數(shù)其次句Youcanconsidercallingtheperson,butpleasebearinmindthatsomestateshavelawsinplacerestrictingtalkingonthephonewhiledriving.(你可以考慮打電話給對方，但請記住，有些州有法律限制開車時打電話。)可推想本段強調(diào)的是寧可打電話，也不要讓他人陷入開車發(fā)短信的境地。故選G。3．B解析：依據(jù)下文Juststoptexting.(就只是停止發(fā)短信)可知當(dāng)發(fā)覺別人在開車的時候，停止發(fā)短信，即使是任何簡短的句號、OK都不要發(fā)了。故選B。4．C解析：依據(jù)上文“Don'tkeeptextinguntiltheyrespond，”anarticleinLifeHacksuggests(LifeHack上的一篇文章建議：“在他們回復(fù)之前不要始終發(fā)短信?！?可推知對下文不回信息進(jìn)行推想：可能是他們正在忙或者不想回。故選C。5．D解析：依據(jù)上文Theytakeupmoretimethanyoueverexpected.Readingthroughallofyourmessagesisboring.(他們占用的時間比你想象的要多。閱讀你全部的信息是無聊的。)可知群發(fā)的短信讀來無聊，沒完沒了。似乎恒久都不會結(jié)束。故選D。Ⅲ.完形填空Cooperationandcompetitionare__1__important.They'renecessary__2__apersontoachievesuccessinlife.Learntobecooperativewithothers.Noonelikesaselfishorgreedyperson.However,everyonelikesa__3__andfriendlyperson.Everythingwedotoday,__4__indoingbusinessormakingfriends,dependsonourabilityto__5__withoneanother.Inoursociety,mosttasksneedthecooperationofmanypeople__6__theycanbefinishedsuccessfully.Sowemusttrytobecooperative.Eachperson__7__asmallpartofamachine.Ifonlyonepartisoutoforder,themachinecan'tberunningwell.__8__transportationandcommunicationsystemsaredevelopingquicklyandpeopleallovertheworldcankeepinlinewitheachother__9__.It'shardforaperson__10__isawayfromthesocietytohaveadeepunderstandingoftheworldhe__11__.Cooperation__12__moreandmoreimportantforapersontogetagoodlife.Beingcompetitivealsohasaplaceinlife.Ifyouwanttogetmoresuccessandbebetterthanothers,youmustworkharderandstudymore__13__.Thedesire(愿望)tosucceedanddobetterthanothers__14__ustoworkharder.Iftherewerenocompetitions,asportsmeetingwouldneverbe__15__andsuccessful,andwecouldneverhavechampion.這是一篇爭論文。文中提到合作和競爭這兩大特征對于當(dāng)代人的重要性。合作精神能讓我們在社會這個大環(huán)境下與人相處得更好，而競爭這一精神則使得人們更加渴望勝利，激勵人們更努力地工作和學(xué)習(xí)。1．A.all B．both C．neither D．each答案：B解析：考查副詞辨析。句意：合作和競爭都特別重要。A.all全部，B.both兩者都，C.neither兩者都不，D.each每個。第一段其次句話提到“They'renecessary...”they指代的是這兩個特征，說明這兩個特征都特別重要，故B項正確。2．A.for B．of C．with D．a(chǎn)bout答案：A解析：考查介詞辨析。句意：這兩者對于人們?nèi)〉脛倮纳疃继貏e重要。A.for對……；為了，B.of……的，C.with和……一起，D.about關(guān)于。for表示動作的對象或接受者，意為“給……”“對……(而言)”，故A項正確。3．A.creative B．competitive C．operative D．cooperative答案：D解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：然而，每個人都喜愛有合作精神且友好的人。A.creative創(chuàng)建性的，Bpetitive有競爭性的，C.operative有效的，D.cooperative有合作精神的。文中提到“Learntobecooperativewithothers.Noonelikesaselfishorgreedyperson.”要學(xué)會和別人合作，沒有人喜愛一個自私或者貪欲的人，可推知關(guān)鍵字為cooperative，故D項正確。4．A.if B．sinceC．whether D．where答案：C解析：考查連詞辨析。句意：我們今日所做的一切，無論是做生意還是交摯友，都取決于我們彼此合作交往的實力。A.if假如，B.since既然，C.whether或者……(或者)，D.where(在)……狀況下。在該句中出現(xiàn)了由or連接的兩種狀況，whether可以表示對于狀況的選擇，故C項正確。5．A.getover B．geton C．getback D．getoff答案：B解析：考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：我們今日所做的一切，無論是做生意還是交摯友，都取決于我們彼此合作交往的實力。A.getover克服，B.geton相處，C.getback取回，D.getoff動身離開。由該句可知，做生意和交摯友都取決于與他人相處的實力，故B項正確。6．A.inorder B．inorderto C．sothat D．suchthat答案：C解析：考查連詞辨析。句意：我們的社會里，大多數(shù)任務(wù)須要很多人的合作，這樣他們才能順當(dāng)完成。A.inorder按依次，B.inorderto為了，C.sothat為了；因此，D.suchthat如此……以至于。故選C。7．A.likes B．like C．looklike D．islike答案：D解析：考查動詞和詞組辨析。句意：每個人都像是機器里的小零件。A.likes喜愛，B.like喜愛，C.looklike看起來像，D.islike就像是。此題考查like作動詞及介詞的區(qū)分，like作實義動詞時表示“喜愛”，與句意不符。looklike強調(diào)的是外表上的相像，而人不行能在外表上像小零件。islike強調(diào)性質(zhì)上的像，每個人在社會上都擔(dān)當(dāng)肯定的社會職位，就相當(dāng)于在機器中的小零件，故D項正確。8．A.Except B．Besides C．But D．Or答案：B解析：考查介詞辨析。句意：除了交通和通信系統(tǒng)發(fā)展快速之外，世界各地的人們可以更簡潔地保持一樣。A.Except除了；只是，B.Besides除……之外(還)，C.But但是，D.Or或者。該句中有and連接兩個句子說明在交通和通信發(fā)展之外，還有別的因素，A項意思表示除了，通常指所解除的事物不在所述范圍之內(nèi)，故B項正確。9．A.easier B．muchbetterC．moreeasily D．moreeasy答案：A解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：除了交通和通信系統(tǒng)發(fā)展快速之外，世界各地的人們可以更簡潔地保持一樣。A.easier更簡潔的，B.muchbetter更好，C.moreeasily更簡潔地，D.moreeasy無此形式。由于交通和通信系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展，才使得人們的溝通和溝通更加的簡便。easy是雙音節(jié)形容詞，其比較級干脆改y為ier即可，因此moreeasy形式不對。故A項正確。10．A.that B．which C．whom D．why答案：A解析：考查關(guān)系代詞辨析。句意：對于一個遠(yuǎn)離社會的人來說，要深刻地理解他生活的世界是很困難的。A.that關(guān)系代詞，指代人或物，B.which關(guān)系代詞，指代物，C.whom關(guān)系代詞，指代人，只能作賓語，D.why關(guān)系副詞。在此從句中，缺少一個主語而前面的先行詞person為人，that既可指人也可指物，故A項正確。11．A.livesin B．livesonC．livesthrough D．liveswith答案：A解析：考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：對于一個遠(yuǎn)離社會的人來說，要深刻地理解他生活的世界是很困難的。A.livesin住在……地方，B.liveson以……為生，C.livesthrough度過，D.liveswith忍受，依據(jù)句意，故A項正確。12．A.became B．tobecomeC．hadbecome D．isbecoming答案：D解析：考查動詞時態(tài)辨析。句意：對于一個人來說，合作對于好的生活越來越重要。A.became變得(過去式)，B.tobecome變得(表目的)，C.hadbecome已經(jīng)變得(過去完成時)，D.isbecoming正在變得(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時)。分析該句，moreandmore表示一種向上發(fā)展的趨勢，故D項正確。13．A.fundamentally B．harmfullyC．carefully D．carelessly答案：C解析：考查副詞辨析。句意：假如你想勝利，變得比別人更好，你就要更加努力工作，仔細(xì)學(xué)習(xí)。A.fundamentally根本地，B.harmfully有害地，C.carefully仔細(xì)地，D.carelessly馬虎地。分析句子可知，只有更加仔細(xì)學(xué)習(xí)了才會變得更好，故C項正確。14．A.admires B．encourages C．permits D．seeks答案：B解析：考查動詞辨析。句意：想要勝利，超越別人的愿望激勵著我們更加努力地工作。A.admires敬佩；觀賞，B.encourages激勵；激勵，C.permits允許；準(zhǔn)許，D.seeks找尋。文中最終一段提到競爭精神，而競爭精神是人們不斷前進(jìn)的力氣。故B項正確。15．A.excited B．interested C．excite D．exciting答案：D解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：假如沒有競賽競爭，運動競賽將恒久不會讓人興奮和勝利，也恒久不會有冠軍了。A.excited激烈的；興奮的，B.interested感愛好的，C.excite激發(fā)；刺激，D.exciting令人激烈的。競賽會讓人變得興奮，excited修飾人，exciting修飾物，故D項正確。Ⅳ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Theeverydaysignsofconscientiousness(仔細(xì)盡責(zé))—beingpunctual,carefulindoingwork,self-disciplined,andscrupulous(一絲不茍的)inattendingtoresponsibilities—aretypicalcharacteristicsofthemodelorganizationalcitizen,thepeoplewhokeepthingsrunningastheyshould.Theyfollowtherules,helpout,andareconcernedaboutthepeopletheyworkwith.It'stheconscientiousworkerwhohelpsnewcomersorupdatespeoplewhoreturnafteranabsence,whoneverabusessickleaves,whoalwaysgetsthingsdoneondeadline.Conscientiousnessisakeytosuccessinanyfield.Instudiesofjobperformance,outstandingeffectivenessforalmostalljobs,fromsemi-skilledlabortosalesandmanagement,dependsonconscientiousness.Itisparticularlyimportantforoutstandingperformanceinjobsatthelowerlevelsofanorganization:thesecretarywhosemessagetakingisperfect,thedeliverytruckdriverwhoisalwaysontime.Conscientiousnessalsooffersabuffer(緩沖)againstthethreatofjoblossintoday'sconstantlychangingmarket,becauseemployeeswiththisqualityareamongthemostvalued.Butconscientiousnessintheabsenceofsocialskillscanleadtoproblems.Sinceconscientiouspeopledemandso